CN114062866A - Method and device for evaluating cable insulation performance - Google Patents
Method and device for evaluating cable insulation performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN114062866A CN114062866A CN202111342583.2A CN202111342583A CN114062866A CN 114062866 A CN114062866 A CN 114062866A CN 202111342583 A CN202111342583 A CN 202111342583A CN 114062866 A CN114062866 A CN 114062866A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
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Abstract
The application discloses a method and a device for evaluating the insulation performance of a cable, wherein the method comprises the following steps: responding to the operation of a user for carrying out FDR positioning test on the error discovery rate of the cables to be tested, acquiring an FDR positioning spectrogram of the cables to be tested after the user tests, determining the affected sections of the cables to be tested according to the FDR positioning spectrogram, and evaluating the insulation performance of the cables to be tested according to the number of affected sections in the cables to be tested. Therefore, the local moisture state of the cable is obtained through moisture analysis of each position of the cable, and the local insulation state of the cable is obtained, so that the insulation performance of the cable is evaluated.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of cable insulation diagnosis, in particular to a method and a device for evaluating the insulation performance of a cable.
Background
Nowadays, cables are widely distributed in corners of people's life and are easily damaged due to weather, environment and the like. For example, the distribution cable is usually laid in a cable channel with water accumulated all year round or in moist soil, and if the outer sheath of the cable is damaged or the waterproof performance of the middle joint is reduced, moisture easily invades into the cable, and the insulation performance of the cable is damaged. Under the action of an electric field, the semi-conducting layer and the copper shielding layer of the cable can generate hydrophilic ions under chemical reaction, so that moisture and the ions can gradually migrate into the main insulating layer of the cable, the insulating property of the cable is reduced, and even electric leakage and short circuit are formed to cause fire. The insulation performance of a damaged cable can now be evaluated by insulation resistance testing, ultra-low frequency dielectric loss testing, and polarization/depolarization current testing.
However, the insulation resistance test, the ultra-low frequency dielectric loss test and the polarization/depolarization current test can only evaluate the overall insulation state of the cable, and cannot specifically know the local insulation state of the cable.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present application is proposed to provide a method and an apparatus for evaluating insulation performance of a cable, so as to realize evaluation of a local insulation state of the cable.
In order to achieve the above object, the following specific solutions are proposed:
a method of evaluating the insulation performance of a cable, comprising:
responding to the operation of a user for carrying out FDR (false discovery rate) positioning test on a cable to be tested, and acquiring an FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested after the user tests;
determining a damped section of the cable to be tested according to the FDR positioning spectrogram;
and evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested according to the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested.
Optionally, the obtaining an FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested after the user tests includes:
acquiring the reflection amplitude of each position on the cable to be tested;
normalizing the reflection amplitude to obtain a normalized amplitude after normalization;
and taking each position on the cable to be tested as an abscissa and the normalized amplitude as an ordinate, and constructing an FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested.
Optionally, the determining the affected section of the cable to be tested according to the FDR positioning spectrogram includes:
if a jumping distortion peak value appears on a normalized amplitude curve in the FDR positioning spectrogram, determining the cable position corresponding to the distortion peak value as a damping center;
and determining a corresponding cable segment from the previous catastrophe point of the distortion peak value in the FDR positioning spectrogram to the next catastrophe point of the distortion peak value in the FDR positioning spectrogram, wherein the cable segment is the affected section of the cable to be tested.
Optionally, determining a cable segment corresponding to a previous abrupt point of the distortion peak value in the FDR positioning spectrogram to a next abrupt point of the distortion peak value in the FDR positioning spectrogram, where the cable segment is a affected section of the cable to be tested, includes:
subtracting the normalized amplitude corresponding to the previous mutation point of the distortion peak value from the distortion peak value to obtain a rising edge distortion value;
subtracting the normalized amplitude corresponding to the last mutation point of the distortion peak value from the distortion peak value to obtain a falling edge distortion value;
and if the distortion value of the rising edge or the distortion value of the falling edge is larger than the preset distortion value, determining that the corresponding cable segment between the previous mutation point of the distortion peak value and the next mutation point of the distortion peak value is a heavily damped segment, otherwise, determining that the cable segment is a lightly damped segment.
Optionally, the method for evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested according to the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested includes:
when the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested is smaller than a preset first damped section number and the number of the heavily damped sections is smaller than a preset second damped section number, determining that the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is a first performance, wherein the first damped section number is larger than the second damped section number;
when the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested is smaller than the first affected section number and the number of the heavily affected sections is not smaller than the second affected section number, determining that the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is a second performance, wherein the second performance is weaker than the insulation degree of the first performance;
when the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested is not less than the first affected section number and the number of the heavily affected sections is less than the second affected section number, determining that the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is a third performance, wherein the third performance is weaker than the insulation degree of the second performance;
when the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested is not less than the first affected section number and the number of the heavily affected sections is not less than the second affected section number, determining that the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is a fourth performance, wherein the fourth performance is weaker than the insulation degree of the third performance.
Optionally, after determining the affected section of the cable to be tested, the method further includes:
responding to the operation of a user for testing the dampening parameters of the dampening segments, and acquiring the dampening parameters of the dampening segments tested by the user;
the method for evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested according to the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested comprises the following steps:
and evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested by combining the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested and the affected parameters of the affected sections.
Optionally, the obtaining the moisture parameters of the moisture section after the user test in response to the user operation of testing the moisture parameters of the moisture section includes:
responding to the operation of testing the capacitance of the damped section by a user, and acquiring the capacitance value of the damped section tested by the user;
responding to the operation of detecting the moisture of the damped section by a user, and acquiring the moisture content of the inner wall and the outer wall of the copper shielding layer of the damped section after the user detects the moisture;
and responding to the operation of a user for carrying out polarization/depolarization current test on the affected section, and acquiring the direct current conductivity and the 0.1 Hz polarization dielectric loss factor of the affected section after the user test.
An apparatus for evaluating the insulation performance of a cable, comprising:
the FDR positioning spectrogram acquiring unit is used for responding the operation of a user for carrying out FDR positioning test on the cable to be tested and acquiring the FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested after the user tests;
the moisture section determining unit is used for determining the moisture section of the cable to be tested according to the FDR positioning spectrogram;
and the insulation performance evaluation unit is used for evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested according to the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested.
Optionally, the FDR positioning spectrogram obtaining unit includes:
the reflection amplitude acquisition unit is used for acquiring the reflection amplitude of each position on the cable to be tested;
the amplitude normalization processing unit is used for normalizing the reflection amplitude to obtain a normalized amplitude after normalization processing;
and the FDR positioning spectrogram constructing unit is used for constructing the FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested by taking each position on the cable to be tested as an abscissa and the normalized amplitude as an ordinate.
Optionally, the affected section determining unit includes:
the first affected section determining subunit is used for determining a cable position corresponding to a jittering distortion peak value as an affected center if the jittering distortion peak value appears on a normalized amplitude curve in the FDR positioning spectrogram;
and the second affected section determining subunit is used for determining a corresponding cable section from the previous mutation point of the distortion peak value in the FDR positioning spectrogram to the next mutation point of the distortion peak value in the FDR positioning spectrogram, and the cable section is the affected section of the cable to be tested.
Optionally, the second affected segment determining subunit includes:
the leading edge distortion value obtaining unit is used for subtracting the normalized amplitude corresponding to the previous mutation point of the distortion peak value from the distortion peak value to obtain a leading edge distortion value;
the falling edge distortion value obtaining unit is used for subtracting the normalized amplitude corresponding to the next mutation point of the distortion peak value from the distortion peak value to obtain a falling edge distortion value;
the severe affected section determining unit is used for determining that a corresponding cable section from a previous mutation point of a distortion peak value to a next mutation point of the distortion peak value is a severe affected section when the distortion value of the rising edge or the distortion value of the falling edge is larger than a preset distortion value;
and the mild affected section determining unit is used for determining that the corresponding cable section from the previous mutation point of the distortion peak value to the next mutation point of the distortion peak value is a mild affected section when the distortion value of the rising edge or the distortion value of the falling edge is not more than the preset distortion value.
Optionally, the insulation performance evaluation unit includes:
the first insulation performance evaluation subunit is used for determining that the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is a first performance when the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested is smaller than a preset first affected section number and the number of the heavily affected sections is smaller than a preset second affected section number, wherein the first affected section number is larger than the second affected section number;
the second insulation performance evaluation subunit is used for determining the insulation performance of the cable to be tested to be a second performance when the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested is less than the first affected section number and the number of the heavily affected sections is not less than the second affected section number, and the second performance is weaker than the insulation degree of the first performance;
the third insulation performance evaluation subunit is used for determining the insulation performance of the cable to be tested to be a third performance when the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested is not less than the first affected section number and the number of the heavily affected sections is less than the second affected section number, and the third performance is weaker than the insulation degree of the second performance;
and the fourth insulation performance evaluation subunit is used for determining that the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is a fourth performance when the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested is not less than the first affected section number and the number of the heavily affected sections is not less than the second affected section number, and the fourth performance is weaker than the insulation degree of the third performance.
Optionally, the apparatus for evaluating the insulation performance of a cable further includes:
the moisture parameter acquiring unit is used for responding to the operation of a user for testing the moisture parameters of the moisture section after determining the moisture section of the cable to be tested, and acquiring the moisture parameters of the moisture section after the user tests;
the insulation performance evaluation unit includes:
and the damp insulation performance evaluation unit is used for evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested by combining the number of the damp sections in the cable to be tested and the damp parameters of the damp sections.
Optionally, the wetting parameter obtaining unit includes:
the capacitance value acquisition unit is used for responding to the operation of testing the capacitance of the damped section by a user and acquiring the capacitance value of the damped section after the user tests;
the moisture content acquisition unit is used for responding to the operation of detecting the moisture content of the damped section by a user and acquiring the moisture content of the inner wall and the outer wall of the copper shielding layer of the damped section after the user detects the moisture content;
and the current parameter acquisition unit is used for responding to the operation of a user for carrying out polarization/depolarization current test on the affected section, and acquiring the direct current conductivity and the 0.1 Hz polarization dielectric loss factor of the affected section after the user test.
By means of the technical scheme, the FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested after the user test is obtained by responding to the operation of the user for carrying out the FDR positioning test on the cable to be tested, the affected section of the cable to be tested is determined according to the FDR positioning spectrogram, and finally the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is evaluated according to the number of affected sections in the cable to be tested. Therefore, the local moisture state of the cable is obtained through moisture analysis of each position of the cable, and the local insulation state of the cable is obtained, so that the insulation performance of the cable is evaluated.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating insulation performance of a cable according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a graph of FDR localization representing distortion peak and mutation points provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a graph of an FDR localization graph representing distorted rising and falling edges provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for evaluating insulation performance of a cable according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for evaluating insulation performance of a cable according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The scheme can be realized based on a terminal with data processing capacity, and the terminal can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, a cloud terminal and the like.
Next, as described in conjunction with fig. 1, the method for evaluating the insulation performance of the cable of the present application may include the steps of:
step S110, responding to the operation of a user for carrying out FDR positioning test on the cable to be tested, and acquiring an FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested after the user tests.
Specifically, the user may connect the FDR positioning test device with the terminal, may perform the FDR positioning test on the cable to be tested using the test device, and transmit data measured in the result of the test device to the terminal.
The FDR positioning spectrogram may be drawn by the FDR positioning test equipment based on the measured data, or may be drawn by the FDR positioning test equipment based on the measured data acquired from the FDR positioning test equipment. The FDR positioning spectrogram can be a graph or a histogram.
And S120, determining the damped section of the cable to be tested according to the FDR positioning spectrogram.
It can be understood that the FDR is used for locating an abnormal region with small variation, so if the FDR locating spectrogram is a graph, the affected section corresponding to the abnormal variation curve can be determined through the abnormal variation part of the curve, and if the FDR locating spectrogram is a histogram, the affected section corresponding to the abnormal bar can be determined through the abnormal bar.
And S130, evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested according to the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested.
It will be appreciated that the more sections of the cable that are subjected to moisture, the more the loss of insulation material, and the weaker the insulation capacity of the cable as a whole. Conversely, the less the moisture-affected section of the cable, the less the loss of the insulating material, and the greater the overall insulating ability of the cable.
In addition, the more heavily the cable is affected by moisture, the purity of the insulating material is greatly reduced, and the overall insulating capability of the cable is weaker. On the contrary, the damp section of the cable is damp but not serious, the purity loss of the insulating material is small, and the overall insulating capability of the cable is strong.
According to the method for evaluating the insulation performance of the cable, the operation of carrying out FDR positioning test on the cable to be tested by a response user can be used for obtaining an FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested after the test of the user, determining the damped sections of the cable to be tested according to the FDR positioning spectrogram, and finally evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested according to the number of damped sections in the cable to be tested. Therefore, the local moisture state of the cable is obtained through moisture analysis of each position of the cable, and the local insulation state of the cable is obtained, so that the insulation performance of the cable is evaluated.
In some embodiments of the present application, a process of responding to the operation of the user performing the FDR positioning test on the cable to be tested in step S110 and acquiring the FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested after the user tests is introduced, where the process may include:
and S1, acquiring the reflection amplitude of each position on the cable to be tested.
Specifically, the sensing device in the FDR positioning test equipment connected to the terminal can obtain the reflection amplitude at each position on the cable. The FDR positioning test equipment connected to the terminal can also be connected with two ends of the cable to be tested through the external connector, the reflection amplitude of each position away from each end is measured, the reflection amplitudes of the corresponding positions measured at the two ends are added, and the reflection amplitude of each position on the cable to be tested is obtained.
And S2, normalizing the reflection amplitude to obtain a normalized amplitude after normalization.
It will be appreciated that the magnitude of the measured reflection amplitudes of the cables to be tested may span several orders of magnitude, and that the measured reflection amplitudes of the cables to be tested are normalized for statistical convenience.
S3, taking each position on the cable to be tested as an abscissa and the normalized amplitude as an ordinate, and constructing an FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested.
Specifically, an abscissa value of one end of the cable to be tested is defined as 0, an abscissa value of each position corresponding to each distance from the end is defined as a distance value, and a normalized amplitude value of each position corresponding to each abscissa is marked. It can be understood that the reflection amplitudes acquired in the FDR localization test equipment are discrete, so the FDR localization spectrogram can be a scatter diagram, a graph obtained based on fitting of the scatter diagram, or a bar width obtained based on each scatter point and the distance between the scatter points, and a bar graph is produced according to the bar width.
In the embodiment provided by the application, the reflection amplitude of each position on the cable to be tested can be normalized, an FDR positioning spectrogram is obtained, and abnormal distribution information of the cable to be tested can be intuitively obtained from the FDR positioning spectrogram.
In some embodiments of the present application, a process of determining the affected section of the cable to be tested according to the FDR mapping chart in step S120 is described, where the process may include:
and S1, determining the cable position corresponding to the distortion peak value as the center of the affected tide.
It can be understood that the center of the affected tide is the most severely affected position in the affected tide section, the insulation performance of the cable at the affected tide section is weaker than that of the surrounding cables, the reflection amplitude acquired by the sensing device in the FDR positioning test equipment is stronger, namely the normalized amplitude is stronger, and therefore the cable position corresponding to the distortion peak is the center of the affected tide.
Specifically, if a jump distortion peak appears on a normalized amplitude curve in the FDR positioning spectrogram, the cable position corresponding to the distortion peak is determined as a damped center.
S2, determining the corresponding cable segment from the previous abrupt point of the distortion peak value in the FDR positioning spectrogram to the next abrupt point of the distortion peak value in the FDR positioning spectrogram, wherein the cable segment is the affected section of the cable to be tested.
It is understood that a wetted segment is an individual segment of the cable to be tested, the cable insulation performance of the segment is weaker than that of a normal cable, and the reflection amplitude acquired by the sensing device in the FDR positioning test equipment is stronger than that of the normal cable, i.e., the normalized amplitude of the reflection amplitude corresponding to the segment is stronger. Therefore, in the FDR positioning spectrogram, the corresponding cable section from the previous abrupt point of the distortion peak value to the next abrupt point of the distortion peak value is the affected section of the cable to be tested.
The abrupt change point can be a point at which the slope change rate amplitude of the fitted curve is not less than a preset value, and represents that the cable to be tested has a damp phenomenon from the point to a specified end.
For example, as shown in fig. 2, the preset value may be 3, it is shown in fig. 2 that a position of the cable to be tested, which is 10cm away from the initial end, corresponds to a corresponding point on a curve in an FDR positioning spectrogram as a distortion peak point, a position of the cable to be tested, which is 5cm away from the initial end, corresponds to a slope change amplitude of 3 at the corresponding point on the curve in the FDR positioning spectrogram, a position of the cable to be tested, which is 15cm away from the initial end, corresponds to a slope change amplitude of 3 at the corresponding point on the curve in the FDR positioning spectrogram, and slope change rates of the corresponding points on the curve in the FDR positioning spectrogram are all less than 3 at positions which are 5cm to 15cm away from the initial end of the cable to be tested, and then the cable corresponding to the initial end and 5cm to 15cm away from the initial end is determined to be a damped segment in the cable to be tested.
In the embodiment that this application provided, through confirming the center of weing to and the little tight beginning and ending point that makes moist of sudden change point of center both sides that makes moist, the segmentation of making moist of the cable that fixes a position awaits measuring can judge the concrete position that the cable made moist more accurately.
In some embodiments of the present application, a process of determining a cable segment corresponding to a sudden point before the distortion peak in the FDR positioning spectrum to a sudden point after the distortion peak in the FDR positioning spectrum in the step S12 may be described, where the process is a process of wetting a segment of the cable to be tested, and the process may include:
and S1, subtracting the normalized amplitude corresponding to the previous mutation point of the distortion peak value from the distortion peak value to obtain a leading edge distortion value.
For example, fig. 4 shows that the distortion value of the rising edge is 0.5-0.3, where the distortion value of the rising edge is 0.2, and the distortion value of the cable to be tested is 0.5-0.3, and the distortion value of the cable to be tested is 0.5 cm from the starting end, and the corresponding point on the curve in the FDR positioning spectrogram corresponds to the distortion peak value point, and the normalized amplitude value of the distortion peak point is 0.5, and the previous mutation point of the distortion peak value is 5cm from the starting end.
And S2, subtracting the normalized amplitude corresponding to the last mutation point of the distortion peak value from the distortion peak value to obtain a falling edge distortion value.
The description will be made with reference to an example of step S1.
The last abrupt change point of the distortion peak value is the position 15cm away from the initial end of the cable to be tested, the corresponding normalized amplitude value is 0.2, and then the distortion value of the rising edge is 0.5-0.2-0.3.
And S3, judging whether the distortion value of the rising edge or the distortion value of the falling edge is larger than a preset distortion value, if so, executing S4, and if not, executing S5.
It can be understood that the variation amplitude represents the moisture severity of the moisture section of the cable to be tested, and is specifically represented as the difference of the normalized amplitude corresponding to the distortion peak and the mutation point, that is, the magnitude of the distortion value of the rising edge and the distortion value of the falling edge. Therefore, whether the affected section belongs to a heavily affected section can be determined by judging whether the distortion value of the rising edge or the distortion value of the falling edge is larger than the preset distortion value.
S4, determining that the corresponding cable segment from the previous abrupt change point of the distortion peak value to the next abrupt change point of the distortion peak value is a heavily affected section.
The description will be made with reference to an example of step S2.
The preset distortion value can be 0.15, and since the distortion value of the rising edge and the distortion value of the falling edge are both greater than 0.15, the cable segment corresponding to the position from the previous abrupt change point of the distortion peak value to the next abrupt change point of the distortion peak value is determined to be a heavily affected section.
S5, determining that the corresponding cable segment from the previous abrupt change point of the distortion peak value to the next abrupt change point of the distortion peak value is a lightly damped segment.
The description will be made with reference to an example of step S2.
The preset distortion value may be 0.25, and since the leading edge distortion value is less than 0.25, the corresponding cable segment between the previous discontinuity of the distortion peak and the next discontinuity of the distortion peak is determined to be a lightly affected segment.
In the embodiment provided by the application, the sizes of the distortion value of the rising edge and the distortion value of the falling edge are obtained by calculating the distortion peak value and the normalized amplitude corresponding to the front mutation point and the rear mutation point, and the moisture severity of the moisture affected segment is determined, so that the mode of judging the severity of the moisture affected segment is more scientific and rigorous.
In some embodiments of the present application, the process of evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested according to the number of affected sections in the cable to be tested in step S130 is described.
It is understood that, in addition to evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested according to the number of the affected sections, the affected degree of the affected sections can also be used as one of the references for evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested. Therefore, the insulation performance of the cable to be tested can be jointly evaluated by combining the number of the affected sections of the cable to be tested and the affected degree of the affected sections.
The present application illustrates several cases of evaluating the insulation performance of a cable to be tested, as follows:
firstly, when the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested is less than a preset first damped section number and the number of the heavily damped sections is less than a preset second damped section number, determining the insulation performance of the cable to be tested as a first performance.
It will be understood that the preset first number of damped sections represents a rating demarcation for evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested for the number of damped sections, and the preset second number of damped sections represents a rating demarcation for evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested for the number of heavily damped sections. And the damped sections comprise light damped sections and heavy damped sections, the number of the damped sections is not less than that of the heavy damped sections, and therefore the preset number of the first damped sections is greater than the preset number of the second damped sections.
Wherein the first property represents a degree of insulation of the cable to be tested.
For example, the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested may be 1, the number of the heavily damped sections in the cable to be tested may be 1, the preset number of the first damped sections may be 3, and the preset number of the second damped sections may be 2, it may be obtained that the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested is less than the preset number of the first damped sections, and the number of the heavily damped sections is less than the preset number of the second damped sections, and then the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is determined to be the first performance.
Secondly, when the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested is smaller than the first affected section number and the number of the heavily affected sections is not smaller than the second affected section number, determining the insulation performance of the cable to be tested as a second performance.
Wherein the second performance is less insulating than the first performance.
For example, the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested may be 2, the number of heavily damped sections in the cable to be tested may be 2, the preset number of the first damped sections may be 3, and the preset number of the second damped sections may be 2, it may be obtained that the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested is less than the preset number of the first damped sections, and the number of the heavily damped sections is not less than the preset number of the second damped sections, and then the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is determined to be the second performance.
Thirdly, when the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested is not less than the first damped section number and the number of the heavily damped sections is less than the second damped section number, determining that the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is a third performance, wherein the third performance is weaker than the insulation degree of the second performance.
Wherein the third property is less insulating than the second property.
For example, the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested may be 4, the number of heavily damped sections in the cable to be tested may be 1, the preset number of the first damped sections may be 3, and the preset number of the second damped sections may be 2, it may be obtained that the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested is not less than the preset number of the first damped sections, and the number of the heavily damped sections is less than the preset number of the second damped sections, and then the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is determined to be the third performance.
Fourthly, when the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested is not less than the first damped section number and the number of the heavily damped sections is not less than the second damped section number, determining that the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is a fourth performance, wherein the insulation degree of the fourth performance is weaker than that of the third performance.
Wherein the fourth property is less insulating than the third property.
For example, the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested may be 4, the number of heavily damped sections in the cable to be tested may be 3, the preset number of the first damped sections may be 3, and the preset number of the second damped sections may be 2, it may be obtained that the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested is not less than the preset number of the first damped sections, and the number of the heavily damped sections is not less than the preset number of the second damped sections, and then the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is determined to be the fourth performance.
In the embodiment provided by the application, the number of the damped sections of the cable to be tested can be compared with the number of the preset first damped sections, and the number of the heavily damped sections of the cable to be tested is compared with the number of the preset second damped sections, so that different insulation performances of the cable to be tested are obtained, and the effect of evaluating the insulation performance of the cable is achieved.
In some embodiments of the present application, considering that other parameters of a cable subjected to moisture may make characterizing the degree of moisture of the cable more accurate in practice, and it is necessary to quantify the cable subjected to moisture in combination with other parameters, another method for evaluating the insulation performance of the cable is provided in embodiments of the present application, and may include the following steps:
s1, responding to the operation of the user for carrying out FDR positioning test on the cable to be tested, and acquiring the FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested after the user tests.
And S2, determining the affected section of the cable to be tested according to the FDR positioning spectrogram.
The above steps S1-S2 correspond to the steps S110-S120 of the previous embodiment, and refer to the previous description for details, which are not repeated herein.
And S3, acquiring the moisture parameters of the moisture section tested by the user.
Wherein the moisture parameter may represent a quantified value of the moisture level of the moisture segment.
Specifically, the dampening parameters of the dampening segments tested by the user can be obtained by responding to the operation of the user on testing the dampening parameters of the dampening segments.
The application illustrates several ways of obtaining the wetting parameters of the wetted segment, which are as follows:
1) and acquiring the capacitance value of the damped section tested by the user.
Specifically, the capacitance value of the cable to be tested after the user tests can be obtained by responding to the operation of the user for testing the capacitance of the damped section. The user can use the digital bridge to carry out capacitance test on the cable to be tested, the test frequency can be set to be 120 Hz, and the measured capacitance value is input to the terminal.
2) And acquiring the water content of the inner wall and the outer wall of the copper shielding layer of the damped section after user detection.
Specifically, the moisture content of the inner wall and the outer wall of the copper shielding layer of the damped segment detected by the user can be obtained by responding to the operation of detecting the moisture of the damped segment by the user. The user can use the halogen moisture tester to test the water content of the inner wall and the outer wall of the copper shielding layer of the affected section, the heating temperature used for the test can be set to be 105 ℃, and the measured water content is input to the terminal.
3) And acquiring the direct current conductivity and the 0.1 Hz polarized dielectric loss factor of the damped section after the user test.
Specifically, the direct current conductivity and the 0.1 hz polarized dielectric loss factor of the damped segment after the user test can be obtained by responding to the operation of the user for carrying out the polarization/depolarization current test on the damped segment. The user can insert the cable core of the section affected with damp into the input terminal line of the high-voltage direct-current power supply, the copper shielding layer of the section affected with damp is connected with the signal acquisition terminal line of the picoampere meter to be tested, the voltage used for testing can be set to be direct current 1kV, the polarization time can be set to be 180 seconds, the direct current conductivity and the 0.1 Hz polarization medium loss factor of the section affected with damp are obtained, and the result is input to the terminal.
And S4, evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested by combining the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested and the damping parameters of the damped sections.
After the location of the cable being affected with moisture is determined, the insulation performance of the cable to be tested can be analyzed by the approximate severity, quantity and distribution of the cable being affected with moisture. On the basis, the insulation performance of the cable to be tested can be accurately represented by combining the capacitance value of the damp cable, the water content of the inner wall and the outer wall of the copper shielding layer, the direct current conductivity and the 0.1 Hz polarized dielectric loss factor analysis.
For example, the position of the affected section of the cable to be tested can be a corresponding cable between 5cm and 15cm from the starting end, the capacitance value of the section of the cable is 2700pF, and the capacitance value of a normal cable with the length of 10cm is 2500pF, and the insulation performance of the affected section can be evaluated according to the capacitance value exceeding the normal capacitance value.
For another example, the position of the affected section of the cable to be tested may be a corresponding cable between 5cm and 15cm from the initial end, the water content of the inner and outer walls of the copper shield layer of the cable section is 1ml, and the water content of the inner and outer walls of the copper shield layer of a normal cable with a length of 10cm is 0.1ml, and the insulation performance of the affected section can be evaluated according to the water content exceeding the inner and outer walls of the normal copper shield layer.
As another example, the position of the affected section of the cable to be tested can be a corresponding cable between 5cm and 15cm from the initial end, and the direct current conductivity and the 0.1 Hz polarized dielectric loss factor of the section of the cable are 12 x 10 respectively-15S.m. and 0.1%, the direct current conductivity and the 0.1 Hz polarized dielectric loss factor of the normal cable are both 0, and the insulation performance of the moisture section can be evaluated according to the direct current conductivity and the 0.1 Hz polarized dielectric loss factor of the cable.
In the embodiment provided by the application, the capacitance value of the wetted section, the water content of the inner wall and the outer wall of the copper shielding layer, the direct current conductivity and the 0.1 Hz polarized dielectric loss factor are measured, so that the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is evaluated, the insulation performance of the cable to be tested can be represented in a multi-aspect mode, and the evaluated insulation performance of the cable to be tested is more objective and reliable.
The following describes an apparatus for evaluating the insulation performance of a cable provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the apparatus for evaluating the insulation performance of a cable described below and the method for evaluating the insulation performance of a cable described above may be referred to correspondingly.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for evaluating insulation performance of a cable according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 4, the apparatus may include:
the FDR positioning spectrogram acquiring unit 11 is configured to respond to an operation of a user to perform an FDR positioning test on a cable to be tested, and acquire an FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested after the user tests;
the affected section determining unit 12 is configured to determine an affected section of the cable to be tested according to the FDR positioning spectrogram;
and the insulation performance evaluation unit 13 is used for evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested according to the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested.
Optionally, the FDR positioning spectrogram obtaining unit 11 includes:
the reflection amplitude acquisition unit is used for acquiring the reflection amplitude of each position on the cable to be tested;
the amplitude normalization processing unit is used for normalizing the reflection amplitude to obtain a normalized amplitude after normalization processing;
and the FDR positioning spectrogram constructing unit is used for constructing the FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested by taking each position on the cable to be tested as an abscissa and the normalized amplitude as an ordinate.
Optionally, the affected section determining unit 12 includes:
the first affected section determining subunit is used for determining a cable position corresponding to a jittering distortion peak value as an affected center if the jittering distortion peak value appears on a normalized amplitude curve in the FDR positioning spectrogram;
and the second affected section determining subunit is used for determining a corresponding cable section from the previous mutation point of the distortion peak value in the FDR positioning spectrogram to the next mutation point of the distortion peak value in the FDR positioning spectrogram, and the cable section is the affected section of the cable to be tested.
Optionally, the second affected segment determining subunit includes:
the leading edge distortion value obtaining unit is used for subtracting the normalized amplitude corresponding to the previous mutation point of the distortion peak value from the distortion peak value to obtain a leading edge distortion value;
the falling edge distortion value obtaining unit is used for subtracting the normalized amplitude corresponding to the next mutation point of the distortion peak value from the distortion peak value to obtain a falling edge distortion value;
the severe affected section determining unit is used for determining that a corresponding cable section from a previous mutation point of a distortion peak value to a next mutation point of the distortion peak value is a severe affected section when the distortion value of the rising edge or the distortion value of the falling edge is larger than a preset distortion value;
and the mild affected section determining unit is used for determining that the corresponding cable section from the previous mutation point of the distortion peak value to the next mutation point of the distortion peak value is a mild affected section when the distortion value of the rising edge or the distortion value of the falling edge is not more than the preset distortion value.
Optionally, the insulation performance evaluating unit 14 includes:
the first insulation performance evaluation subunit is used for determining that the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is a first performance when the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested is smaller than a preset first affected section number and the number of the heavily affected sections is smaller than a preset second affected section number, wherein the first affected section number is larger than the second affected section number;
the second insulation performance evaluation subunit is used for determining the insulation performance of the cable to be tested to be a second performance when the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested is less than the first affected section number and the number of the heavily affected sections is not less than the second affected section number, and the second performance is weaker than the insulation degree of the first performance;
the third insulation performance evaluation subunit is used for determining the insulation performance of the cable to be tested to be a third performance when the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested is not less than the first affected section number and the number of the heavily affected sections is less than the second affected section number, and the third performance is weaker than the insulation degree of the second performance;
and the fourth insulation performance evaluation subunit is used for determining that the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is a fourth performance when the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested is not less than the first affected section number and the number of the heavily affected sections is not less than the second affected section number, and the fourth performance is weaker than the insulation degree of the third performance.
Optionally, the apparatus for evaluating the insulation performance of a cable further includes:
the moisture parameter acquiring unit is used for responding to the operation of a user for testing the moisture parameters of the moisture section after determining the moisture section of the cable to be tested, and acquiring the moisture parameters of the moisture section after the user tests;
the insulation performance evaluation unit 13 includes:
and the damp insulation performance evaluation unit is used for evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested by combining the number of the damp sections in the cable to be tested and the damp parameters of the damp sections.
Optionally, the wetting parameter obtaining unit includes:
the capacitance value acquisition unit is used for responding to the operation of testing the capacitance of the damped section by a user and acquiring the capacitance value of the damped section after the user tests;
the moisture content acquisition unit is used for responding to the operation of detecting the moisture content of the damped section by a user and acquiring the moisture content of the inner wall and the outer wall of the copper shielding layer of the damped section after the user detects the moisture content;
and the current parameter acquisition unit is used for responding to the operation of a user for carrying out polarization/depolarization current test on the affected section, and acquiring the direct current conductivity and the 0.1 Hz polarization dielectric loss factor of the affected section after the user test.
The device for evaluating the cable insulation performance provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to equipment for evaluating the cable insulation performance, such as a terminal: mobile phones, computers, etc. Alternatively, fig. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware structure of an apparatus for evaluating insulation performance of a cable, and referring to fig. 5, the hardware structure of the apparatus for evaluating insulation performance of a cable may include: at least one processor 1, at least one communication interface 2, at least one memory 3 and at least one communication bus 4;
in the embodiment of the application, the number of the processor 1, the communication interface 2, the memory 3 and the communication bus 4 is at least one, and the processor 1, the communication interface 2 and the memory 3 complete mutual communication through the communication bus 4;
the processor 1 may be a central processing unit CPU, or an application Specific Integrated circuit asic, or one or more Integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention, etc.;
the memory 3 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may further include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory) or the like, such as at least one disk memory;
wherein the memory stores a program and the processor can call the program stored in the memory, the program for:
responding to the operation of a user for carrying out FDR positioning test on a cable to be tested, and acquiring an FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested after the user tests;
determining a damped section of the cable to be tested according to the FDR positioning spectrogram;
and evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested according to the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested.
Alternatively, the detailed function and the extended function of the program may be as described above.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a storage medium, where a program suitable for execution by a processor may be stored, where the program is configured to:
responding to the operation of a user for carrying out FDR positioning test on a cable to be tested, and acquiring an FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested after the user tests;
determining a damped section of the cable to be tested according to the FDR positioning spectrogram;
and evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested according to the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested.
Alternatively, the detailed function and the extended function of the program may be as described above.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, the embodiments may be combined as needed, and the same and similar parts may be referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A method of evaluating the insulation performance of a cable, comprising:
responding to the operation of a user for carrying out FDR positioning test on the cable to be tested, and acquiring an FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested after the user tests;
determining a damped section of the cable to be tested according to the FDR positioning spectrogram;
and evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested according to the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the FDR localization spectrum of the cable to be tested after the user test comprises:
acquiring the reflection amplitude of each position on the cable to be tested;
normalizing the reflection amplitude to obtain a normalized amplitude after normalization;
and taking each position on the cable to be tested as an abscissa and the normalized amplitude as an ordinate, and constructing an FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said determining a wetted segment of said cable to be tested from said FDR mapping map comprises:
if a jumping distortion peak value appears on a normalized amplitude curve in the FDR positioning spectrogram, determining the cable position corresponding to the distortion peak value as a damping center;
and determining a corresponding cable segment from the previous catastrophe point of the distortion peak value in the FDR positioning spectrogram to the next catastrophe point of the distortion peak value in the FDR positioning spectrogram, wherein the cable segment is the affected section of the cable to be tested.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein determining the corresponding cable segment from the previous discontinuity of the distortion peak in the FDR mapping spectrum to the next discontinuity of the distortion peak in the FDR mapping spectrum as the affected segment of the cable to be tested comprises:
subtracting the normalized amplitude corresponding to the previous mutation point of the distortion peak value from the distortion peak value to obtain a rising edge distortion value;
subtracting the normalized amplitude corresponding to the last mutation point of the distortion peak value from the distortion peak value to obtain a falling edge distortion value;
and if the distortion value of the rising edge or the distortion value of the falling edge is larger than the preset distortion value, determining that the corresponding cable segment between the previous mutation point of the distortion peak value and the next mutation point of the distortion peak value is a heavily damped segment, otherwise, determining that the cable segment is a lightly damped segment.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein evaluating the insulation properties of the cable under test based on the number of wetted segments in the cable under test comprises:
when the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested is smaller than a preset first damped section number and the number of the heavily damped sections is smaller than a preset second damped section number, determining that the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is a first performance, wherein the first damped section number is larger than the second damped section number;
when the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested is smaller than the first affected section number and the number of the heavily affected sections is not smaller than the second affected section number, determining that the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is a second performance, wherein the second performance is weaker than the insulation degree of the first performance;
when the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested is not less than the first affected section number and the number of the heavily affected sections is less than the second affected section number, determining that the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is a third performance, wherein the third performance is weaker than the insulation degree of the second performance;
when the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested is not less than the first affected section number and the number of the heavily affected sections is not less than the second affected section number, determining that the insulation performance of the cable to be tested is a fourth performance, wherein the fourth performance is weaker than the insulation degree of the third performance.
6. The method of any of claims 1-5, further comprising, after determining the wetted section of the cable under test:
responding to the operation of a user for testing the dampening parameters of the dampening segments, and acquiring the dampening parameters of the dampening segments tested by the user;
the method for evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested according to the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested comprises the following steps:
and evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested by combining the number of the affected sections in the cable to be tested and the affected parameters of the affected sections.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein said obtaining the moisture parameters of the moisture section after the user test in response to the user's operation of testing the moisture parameters of the moisture section comprises:
responding to the operation of testing the capacitance of the damped section by a user, and acquiring the capacitance value of the damped section tested by the user;
responding to the operation of detecting the moisture of the damped section by a user, and acquiring the moisture content of the inner wall and the outer wall of the copper shielding layer of the damped section after the user detects the moisture;
and responding to the operation of a user for carrying out polarization/depolarization current test on the affected section, and acquiring the direct current conductivity and the 0.1 Hz polarization dielectric loss factor of the affected section after the user test.
8. An apparatus for evaluating the insulation performance of a cable, comprising:
the FDR positioning spectrogram acquiring unit is used for responding the operation of a user for carrying out FDR positioning test on the cable to be tested and acquiring the FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested after the user tests;
the moisture section determining unit is used for determining the moisture section of the cable to be tested according to the FDR positioning spectrogram;
and the insulation performance evaluation unit is used for evaluating the insulation performance of the cable to be tested according to the number of the damped sections in the cable to be tested.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the FDR localization profile retrieving unit comprises:
the reflection amplitude acquisition unit is used for acquiring the reflection amplitude of each position on the cable to be tested;
the amplitude normalization processing unit is used for normalizing the reflection amplitude to obtain a normalized amplitude after normalization processing;
and the FDR positioning spectrogram constructing unit is used for constructing the FDR positioning spectrogram of the cable to be tested by taking each position on the cable to be tested as an abscissa and the normalized amplitude as an ordinate.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the affected section determining unit comprises:
the first affected section determining subunit is used for determining a cable position corresponding to a jittering distortion peak value as an affected center if the jittering distortion peak value appears on a normalized amplitude curve in the FDR positioning spectrogram;
and the second affected section determining subunit is used for determining a corresponding cable section from the previous mutation point of the distortion peak value in the FDR positioning spectrogram to the next mutation point of the distortion peak value in the FDR positioning spectrogram, and the cable section is the affected section of the cable to be tested.
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