CN114062426A - Tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient in-situ measurement system - Google Patents
Tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient in-situ measurement system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114062426A CN114062426A CN202111356595.0A CN202111356595A CN114062426A CN 114062426 A CN114062426 A CN 114062426A CN 202111356595 A CN202111356595 A CN 202111356595A CN 114062426 A CN114062426 A CN 114062426A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- surrounding rock
- measurement system
- temperature gradient
- tunnel
- measuring rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000012625 in-situ measurement Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000009084 Cold Injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002595 cold damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009746 freeze damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- VPRAQYXPZIFIOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N imiprothrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(C)C)C1C(=O)OCN1C(=O)N(CC#C)CC1=O VPRAQYXPZIFIOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient in-situ measurement system which comprises a measuring rod, wherein the measuring rod is formed by lengthening a plurality of pipe fittings, a plurality of temperature sensing elements are arranged on the measuring rod, and the temperature sensing elements are connected with a data reading and storing device end through data lines. The tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient in-situ measurement system provided by the invention adopts a plurality of pipe fittings for connection, can be flexibly shortened or lengthened, and is convenient for spreading and retracting in a tunnel. The system can simultaneously measure a plurality of temperature points in the measuring hole, and provides detailed and accurate data for the temperature gradient of the surrounding rock. The tunnel surrounding rock temperature is efficiently and accurately measured, and scientific basis and guarantee are provided for tunnel hot and cold injury division, construction operation environment health, heat insulation and preservation structure design, tunnel structure full-life operation safety and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geothermology, rock mass mechanics and underground engineering construction, relates to an in-situ measurement method and a principle of the temperature of an abnormal geothermal region, a high-temperature region and a cold region and the surrounding rock of a tunnel, and provides scientific basis and guarantee for tunnel heat and freeze damage division, construction operation environment health, heat insulation and preservation structure design, tunnel structure full-life operation safety and the like.
Background
With the high-speed development of highway and railway construction in China, a large number of tunnels in high ground temperature and cold regions emerge, and become a new research hotspot in the engineering community. The geological structure of the cloud plateau and the Chuanzang plateau is complex, and geothermal abnormal areas and cold areas frequently appear, so that a plurality of engineering problems are brought, such as severe construction environment, damaged personnel health, reduced mechanical efficiency, reduced lining durability, poor ventilation effect and the like. In order to take scientific engineering countermeasures, the measurement of the real original rock temperature becomes a key condition.
At present, the method for testing the temperature of the original rock mainly comprises the detection of earth surface deep hole drilling and the drilling and temperature measurement of an excavated tunnel face. The method is characterized in that the temperature of the original rock is measured through surface deep hole drilling, single holes are hundreds of meters and kilometers, the technical and cost problems of low drilling efficiency, easy hole inclination, hole collapse, difficulty in coring, high cost and the like exist, the single holes cannot accurately reflect the longitudinal temperature field distribution of the tunnel site, and meanwhile, according to a plurality of engineering examples, the temperature of the surrounding rock exposed after excavation is greatly different from the temperature measured through surface deep hole drilling, the excavation temperature is usually lower than the surface drilling temperature, and the uncertainty of the surface deep hole drilling temperature measurement is also explained. The temperature measurement is carried out by excavating a tunnel face for drilling, belongs to an in-situ test and can truly express the temperature of the surrounding rock. This measurement method has several disadvantages: (1) the depth setting of the measuring hole is not standard, and no scientific basis exists. Too deep results in resource waste and cost increase, while too shallow does not reflect the real temperature of the surrounding rock. (2) The temperature sensing element is bound on metal rod pieces such as reinforcing steel bars and the like, and adverse effects are caused on measurement results. The metal lattice is regular, the heat flow loss is small, and the heat conductivity is higher than that of the surrounding rock-soil body, so that the temperature measurement is inaccurate. (3) Temperature value reads mostly the manual work and reads one by one, and efficiency is lower. The temperature sensing element is led to the measuring hole opening through a lead, the temperature of each measuring point is read manually through the reading instrument and then recorded, and for the measuring holes with more measuring holes, the measuring time is multiplied, and the workload is large. (4) The depth of the traditional measuring hole is more than ten meters, and the traditional measuring hole is used as a steel bar for leading in a temperature sensing element, and is inconvenient to store and spread.
In the prior art, an invention patent publication with publication number CN112131639A discloses a numerical simulation method for a high-speed train passing through a high ground temperature tunnel, which comprises the following steps: carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the tunnel and the train to obtain a three-dimensional model; importing the three-dimensional model into grid discrete software, and carrying out grid discrete division on the three-dimensional model by utilizing the grid discrete software to obtain a discrete model; importing a discrete model derived from grid discrete software into CFD simulation software to obtain a mathematical computation model; setting boundary conditions of the mathematical computation model in CFD simulation software; when boundary conditions are set, the initial temperature of the ground temperature in the tunnel model along the length direction is set by using a UDF program; and calculating and obtaining a pressure change curve at a specified position on the inner wall of the tunnel model and/or the outer surface of the train model based on the mathematical calculation model. According to the scheme, through the research on the temperature field and the pressure transient of the high-ground-temperature tunnel, the influence of the high ground temperature on the pressure transient of the railway tunnel can be obtained, and a scientific basis is provided for the aerodynamic research in the high-ground-temperature environment. However, the scheme cannot effectively measure the in-situ measurement system of the change (decrease) condition of the surrounding rock temperature along with the tunnel construction and the surrounding rock heat dissipation, and is difficult to provide a basis for the cooling measure and scheme formulation of the high-ground-temperature tunnel construction.
Therefore, how to design an in-situ tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient measurement system which has scientific basis for measuring depth and is convenient for tool spreading, data reading and recording has become a problem to be solved in the fields of scientific research and engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an in-situ tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient measurement system which has scientific basis for measuring depth and is convenient for tool spreading, data reading and recording.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the in-situ measurement system for the temperature gradient of the tunnel surrounding rock comprises a measuring rod, wherein the measuring rod is formed by lengthening a plurality of pipe fittings, a plurality of temperature sensing elements are mounted on the measuring rod, and the temperature sensing elements are connected with a data reading and storing device end through data lines.
Wherein, the multi-section pipe fittings of the measuring rod are connected through a threaded joint.
In the scheme, the length of a single pipe of the measuring rod is not longer than 1 meter, and the total length of the pipe is 5-10 meters. Preferably, the total length of the measuring rod pipe is 8 meters.
In the foregoing solution, the upper portion of the pipe of the measuring rod is recessed downward to form a sliding slot parallel to the length direction of the pipe, and one side of the sliding slot is provided with an enlarged portion, and the enlarged portion forms a slot along the length direction of the pipe to serve as a path of the data line.
The sliding groove space part of each section of pipe fitting is provided with a plurality of sliding blocks, and the sliding blocks can freely slide along the length direction of the pipe fitting; a cushion block is fixed on the upper part of the sliding block, is made of a material with poor thermal conductivity and is used for installing and fixing a temperature sensing element; the temperature sensing precision of the temperature sensing element is not lower than 0.01 ℃. Preferably, the cushion block is made of ceramic material.
In the above scheme, a scale is arranged on one side of the upper part of the measuring rod, the maximum measuring range is 8.1m, and the minimum scale is 1 mm, so that the scale is used for accurately recording the position of the temperature sensing element.
In the scheme, the measuring rod is inserted into the surrounding rock measuring hole in the working state, and the hole opening of the surrounding rock measuring hole is blocked by the heat insulation material. Preferably, the heat insulation material is polyurethane.
Compared with the prior art, the core innovation point of the invention is to provide an in-situ measurement system for the temperature gradient of the tunnel surrounding rock in the geothermy abnormal region, and the scientific basis is the measured data of the highest temperature highway tunnel Niger tunnel (88.8 ℃) and the German Stuttgart Fasanenhof tunnel in China. The tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient in-situ measurement system adopts a plurality of pipe fittings for connection, can be flexibly shortened or lengthened, and is convenient for spreading and retracting in the tunnel. The system can simultaneously measure a plurality of temperature points in the measuring hole, and provides detailed and accurate data for the temperature gradient of the surrounding rock. The tunnel surrounding rock temperature is efficiently and accurately measured, and scientific basis and guarantee are provided for tunnel hot and cold injury division, construction operation environment health, heat insulation and preservation structure design, tunnel structure full-life operation safety and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall arrangement of the surrounding rock temperature detection;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the temperature of the surrounding rock of the Niger tunnel.
The labels in the figures are: 1-measuring rod, 2-screwed joint, 3-temperature sensing element, 4-surrounding rock side hole, 5-chute, 6-wire groove, 7-data line, 8-slider, 9-cushion block, 10-graduated scale, 11-polyurethane, 12-excavation contour line.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides an in-situ measurement system for temperature gradient of tunnel surrounding rock, comprising: the measuring device comprises a measuring rod 1, a threaded joint 2 between the measuring rods, a plurality of temperature sensing elements 3 arranged on the measuring rod, and a data reading and storing device end, wherein the data reading and storing device end is conventional in the field and is not shown in the figure.
As shown in fig. 1, the measuring rod 1 is a pipe fitting capable of being lengthened, so that the pipe fitting can be conveniently folded, unfolded and distributed, a single section of pipe fitting is not longer than 1 meter, the total length of the pipe fitting lengthened is suggested to be 8 meters, the maximum influence range of the measured surrounding rock temperature is changed along with the peripheral boundary conditions when and after the 8 meters are excavated for the tunnel with high ground temperature or the tunnel in cold region, and the scientific basis is as follows:
(1) the temperature measured by a high-speed Niger tunnel (one) element built in Yunnan province is high-ground-temperature tunnel, the rock temperature is 88.8 ℃, the temperature range of excavation disturbance surrounding rock is less than 8m, and the figure is shown in figure 4: a temperature curve of the surrounding rock of the Niger tunnel;
(2) the german Stuttgarte fasenhof tunnel is a geothermal energy tunnel, belongs to a normal temperature tunnel, and is measured to have the initial temperature field affected by disturbance within a range of 7m along the radial direction of the tunnel, which is introduced from the literature: buhmann, c.moormann, b.westrich, n.pralle, w.friedemann, Tunnel gel electrosterics-a German experience with recycled energy concepts in Tunnel projects, geomer energy environ.8(2016)1e7.
As shown in fig. 2, the upper part of the pipe fitting of the measuring rod 1 is sunken to form a sliding chute 5 parallel to the length direction of the pipe fitting; the right side of the sliding chute 5 is provided with an expanded part, and a wire slot 6 is formed along the length direction of the pipe fitting and is used as a path of a data wire 7; a plurality of sliding blocks 8 are arranged in the space part of the sliding groove 5 of each section of pipe fitting and can freely slide along the length direction of the pipe fitting, and the number of the sliding blocks 8 can be increased or decreased according to actual needs, so that the temperature gradient of the surrounding rock can be measured; a cushion block 9 is fixed on the upper part of the sliding block 8, the cushion block 9 is made of a material with poor thermal conductivity, such as a ceramic material, and is used for mounting and fixing the temperature sensing element 3, so that a metal material with good thermal conductivity is avoided, and the accuracy of a measured value of the temperature sensing element 3 is directly influenced by the thermal conductivity of the cushion block 9; the temperature sensing element 3 is adopted with the precision not lower than 0.01 ℃.
The left side of the upper part of the measuring rod 1 is provided with a graduated scale 10, the measuring range is 8.1m, the minimum scale is 1 mm, and the position of the temperature sensing element 3 is accurately recorded.
The measuring rods 1 are connected through the threaded joints 2, and the threaded joints 2 mainly play a connecting role.
As shown in fig. 3, after splicing, the measuring rod 1 is inserted into the surrounding rock measuring hole 4, and the hole opening is blocked by heat insulation materials, such as polyurethane 11. The detection signal transmission path is: the data line 7 passes through the temperature sensing element 3 → the cushion block 9 → the slide block 8 → the wire casing 6 and reaches the reading and storing equipment end outside the surrounding rock measuring hole 4.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel country rock temperature gradient normal position measurement system, includes a measuring stick (1), its characterized in that: the measuring rod (1) is formed by lengthening a plurality of pipe fittings, a plurality of temperature sensing elements (3) are installed on the measuring rod (1), and the temperature sensing elements (3) are connected with the data reading and storing equipment end through data lines (7).
2. The in-situ tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the multiple pipe fittings of the measuring rod (1) are connected through a threaded joint (2).
3. The in-situ tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the length of the single-section pipe fitting of the measuring rod (1) is not longer than 1 meter, and the total length of the pipe fitting extension is 5-10 meters.
4. The in-situ tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient measurement system of claim 3, wherein: the length of the pipe fitting of the measuring rod (1) is 8 meters in total length.
5. The in-situ tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the pipe fitting of the measuring rod (1) is sunken downwards to form a sliding groove (5) parallel to the length direction of the pipe fitting, one side of the sliding groove (5) is provided with an expanded part, and the expanded part forms a wire groove (6) along the length direction of the pipe fitting to be used as a path of a data wire (7).
6. The in-situ tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient measurement system of claim 5, wherein: a plurality of sliding blocks (8) are arranged in the space part of the sliding groove (5) of each section of pipe fitting, and the sliding blocks (8) can freely slide along the length direction of the pipe fitting; a cushion block (9) is fixed on the upper part of the sliding block (8), and the cushion block (9) is made of a material with poor thermal conductivity and used for mounting and fixing the temperature sensing element (3); the temperature sensing precision of the temperature sensing element (3) is not lower than 0.01 ℃.
7. The in-situ tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient measurement system of claim 6, wherein: the cushion block (9) is made of ceramic materials.
8. The in-situ tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient measurement system of claim 6, wherein: a graduated scale (10) is arranged on one side of the upper part of the measuring rod (1), the maximum measuring range is 8.1m, and the minimum scale is 1 mm, so that the position of the temperature sensing element (3) can be accurately recorded.
9. The in-situ tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the working state of the measuring rod (1) is inserted into the surrounding rock measuring hole (4), and the hole opening of the surrounding rock measuring hole (4) is plugged by a heat insulation material.
10. The in-situ tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient measurement system of claim 9, wherein: the heat insulation material is polyurethane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111356595.0A CN114062426A (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient in-situ measurement system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111356595.0A CN114062426A (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient in-situ measurement system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114062426A true CN114062426A (en) | 2022-02-18 |
Family
ID=80272974
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111356595.0A Pending CN114062426A (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient in-situ measurement system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114062426A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116698204A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-09-05 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | High-precision surrounding rock temperature monitoring system and monitoring method suitable for low-temperature environment |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202083479U (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2011-12-21 | 河南省科学院同位素研究所有限责任公司 | Quick-response temperature sensor structure for well logging |
| CN208313471U (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2019-01-01 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of high rock temperature tunnel deep wall rock temperature measuring device |
| CN109632575A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-04-16 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of device and its monitoring method monitoring Riparian Zone undercurrent exchange rate |
| RU2019119523A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-10-25 | Акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение им. С.А. Лавочкина" | Device for measuring the thermal characteristics of the soil |
| CN210322084U (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-04-14 | 二重（德阳）重型装备有限公司 | Deep hole wall temperature measuring device |
| CN213459253U (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-06-15 | 广东全胜电气有限公司 | Temperature sensor mounting structure of power equipment |
| CN113483905A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-10-08 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Foldable surrounding rock temperature measuring device and installation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-11-16 CN CN202111356595.0A patent/CN114062426A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202083479U (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2011-12-21 | 河南省科学院同位素研究所有限责任公司 | Quick-response temperature sensor structure for well logging |
| CN208313471U (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2019-01-01 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of high rock temperature tunnel deep wall rock temperature measuring device |
| CN109632575A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-04-16 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of device and its monitoring method monitoring Riparian Zone undercurrent exchange rate |
| RU2019119523A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-10-25 | Акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение им. С.А. Лавочкина" | Device for measuring the thermal characteristics of the soil |
| CN210322084U (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-04-14 | 二重（德阳）重型装备有限公司 | Deep hole wall temperature measuring device |
| CN213459253U (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-06-15 | 广东全胜电气有限公司 | Temperature sensor mounting structure of power equipment |
| CN113483905A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-10-08 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Foldable surrounding rock temperature measuring device and installation method thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116698204A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-09-05 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | High-precision surrounding rock temperature monitoring system and monitoring method suitable for low-temperature environment |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104807975B (en) | A kind of talus side slope freeze-thaw cycle effect deformation physical model test device and test method | |
| WO2019233105A1 (en) | Device and method for measuring flow rate, flow direction, and geological parameter of deep-well cross-hole groundwater | |
| CN114062426A (en) | Tunnel surrounding rock temperature gradient in-situ measurement system | |
| CN105160161A (en) | Shaft internal thermal parameter calculation method and apparatus | |
| CN104318004A (en) | Deformation-data-based bending moment internal force analysis method for secondary lining structure of tunnel | |
| CN204514915U (en) | A kind of talus side slope Frozen-thawed cycled effect distortion physical model test device | |
| CN109458999B (en) | Drilling construction foundation parameter correction measuring device and measuring method thereof | |
| CN202195899U (en) | Temperature gradient detector for concrete structure | |
| Hentrich et al. | About the application of conventional and advanced freeze circle design methods for the Ust-Jaiwa freeze shaft project | |
| CN108825306A (en) | A kind of temperature monitoring device and monitoring method in High-geotemperature tunnel | |
| CN109212159A (en) | A kind of multi-parameter frozen soil on-site rapid detection device and its detection method | |
| CN206928274U (en) | A kind of shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting | |
| CN112326052A (en) | Method for testing surrounding rock temperature of tunnel portal section of frozen soil tunnel | |
| Zhifa et al. | Three-dimensional back-analysis of displacements in exploration adits—principles and application | |
| CN210571075U (en) | Portable retractable temperature measurement appearance | |
| CN208205995U (en) | Shield machine shield body roundness measuring device | |
| CN113483905A (en) | Foldable surrounding rock temperature measuring device and installation method thereof | |
| CN208296996U (en) | A kind of device monitoring tunnel surrounding internal temperature | |
| Wen et al. | Variation law of air temperature of a high-geotemperature tunnel during the construction | |
| CN209043278U (en) | A kind of self-positioning steel ruler convergence device for underground engineering perimeter convergence | |
| Tian et al. | Testing study on digital close-range photogrammetry for measuring deformations of tunnel and underground spaces. | |
| Massarotti et al. | Thermal phenomena model for artificial ground freezing during a tunnel excavation for the Municipio Metro station in Naples, Italy | |
| Ashtankar et al. | Thermo-structural monitoring of RCC dam in India through instrumentation | |
| CN212779649U (en) | Device for measuring rock mass temperature of tunnel body in high geothermal area | |
| CN101949872A (en) | Method for testing convective heat-transfer coefficient of gallery or tunnel |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |