CN206928274U - A kind of shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting - Google Patents
A kind of shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting Download PDFInfo
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- CN206928274U CN206928274U CN201720774065.0U CN201720774065U CN206928274U CN 206928274 U CN206928274 U CN 206928274U CN 201720774065 U CN201720774065 U CN 201720774065U CN 206928274 U CN206928274 U CN 206928274U
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Abstract
A kind of shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting is the utility model is related to, the device includes balancing stand and a pair of pressure rods and shift scale.Balancing stand on the outside of shift scale is provided with horizon rule；The top of a pair of pressure rods is provided with built-in temperature measuring instrumentss, resistance measurement instrument, the instrument package casing of dynamometry instrument；The bottom of a pair of pressure rods is provided with the insulating rigid force bearing plate of clamping force snesor, and the bottom symmetrical of the insulating rigid force bearing plate is provided with one group of insulating rigid pressure rod；One group of insulating rigid pressure rod end is provided with two pieces of sheet metals, and one of sheet metal bottom is nearby inlaid with temperature sensor；Sheet metal is connected with resistance measurement instrument；Temperature sensor is connected with temperature measuring instrument；Force snesor is connected with dynamometry instrument.Measured while the utility model is by being layered to the shallow earth's surface soil body and carrying out resistance, temperature and intensity, not only can relatively accurately detect the detection freezed situation, can also realize to the earth's surface depth of freezing of the soil body.
Description
Technical field
It the utility model is related to frozen soil detection field, more particularly to a kind of shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting.
Background technology
Frozen soil refers to that temperature is equal to or less than 0 DEG C, and the rock containing ice, the soil body.In China, the distribution of frozen soil is very wide
General, wherein Permafrost Area accounts for 22% or so of China's area, and North of Yangtze River major part region is Frozen Area,
Almost all of region is all permafrost region in short-term in addition to Hainan.So widely distributed permafrost region causes the substantial amounts of engineering in China to be built
If, rural activity all inevitably run into frozen soil.Especially with the lasting propulsion of China's strategy to develop western regions, China west
The hydropower development project in southern area is significantly increased, although in these projects generally based on concrete dam, earth and rockfill dam is still
Occupy certain proportion.These earth-rock works have very high requirement for the compactness of dam body, but because southwest is warmed up
Seasonal rainfall amount is larger, causes dam body water content to be higher than optimum moisture content, and then reduces dam body compactness, causes the safety of dam body hidden
Suffer from.In order to reduce the influence of warm season precipitation, this kind of dam body may select to construct in the winter time.However, construction area is usual in the winter time
Occur in short-term, even frost zone, although this kind of frozen soil can be ignored in common engineering construction, for earth and rockfill dam
Engineering, significant compactness can occur after Frozen-thawed cycled is undergone for the compacted soil of high solidity reduces phenomenon, threatens the peace of dam
Entirely.Therefore, need to take effective antifreezing measures prevention dam body to freeze in the winter time, in addition, to shallow earth's surface freezing soil situation
Quick detection is also to ensure that the important measures of dam stability.
Although the cyopedology in China has been achieved for certain achievement, whether the soil body is freezed and freezed power and sentence
For correlation research institution or specific region in personnel be not it is relatively simple, can not be complete by any instrument and equipment
Into.However, for the seldom personnel of contact frozen soil, the differentiation difficulty of frozen soil is still larger.Although can by sample into
Row laboratory test asks professional person's method for distinguishing that reflect to determine whether the soil body freezes, but this method for common engineering and
It is unpractical for rural activity；Therefore a kind of device that quickly can freeze condition detection in outdoor is needed.Yu Qi
It is great etc.（Yu Qihao, Zhang Haining, Wang Junfeng, Guo Lei, Ma Lishan, thank to gorgeous, permafrost region backfill freezing strength field quick detection
Device：China, 201510227373.7 [P] 2015.10.28）Propose a kind of quick dress for carrying out frozen soil bulk strength differentiation
Put, but the device is only that the intensity for carrying out soil block differentiates, but can not judge whether soil block freezes, and field sampling detection belongs to
Detection is damaged, dam body compactness can be significantly reduced.In the lossless method of discrimination of current existing freezing soil situation, using heat
The method of the method for galvanic couple or thermistor measurement soil temperature is more conventional, and this method in depth direction by carrying out drilling cloth
If probe is carried out.However, the difference of salinity or pressure can change its solidification point in the soil body, therefore, thermometry is to freezing soil
The differentiation of situation is not especially accurate, and defect is obvious in engineering especially more sensitive to freezing soil situation.Conventional
Research finds that its intensity and dielectric constant can significantly change after freezing soil, however, the difference of these single physical property of the soil body
It is different to have the larger deficiency of error with affected by various factors, when using it for the differentiation whether soil body freezes.
Therefore, it is necessary to systematic research is carried out to new frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting.
Although to freeze condition detection precision to it higher for the method that detection is sampled to the soil body, this method exist it is following not
Foot：First, it is higher to freeze rear soil strength for earth's surface, and sampling difficulty is larger, it is difficult to completes the acquisition of standard sample；Secondly, earth's surface is frozen
The different depth soil body freezes situation difference after knot, the soil body is sampled test position when detecting it is different have to testing result compared with
Big influence, engineering staff may be caused to freeze the erroneous judgement of situation to earth's surface；In addition, field sampling test, which belongs to, damages detection,
The compactness of the soil body can not be recovered after the completion of detection.Based on insufficient above, the utility model purport present in soil body sampling detection
A kind of method and apparatus for carrying out shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter quick detection are being proposed, so as to relatively accurately determine the earth's surface soil body
Freeze situation and its depth of freezing, provide effective guidance for engineering activity.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide three a kind of soil temperature, resistance and intensity parameters simultaneously
The shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting of collection.
To solve the above problems, a kind of shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting described in the utility model, it is special
Sign is：The device is arranged with the balancing stand of 4 balancing poles altogether including bottom both ends and is located in the middle part of the balancing stand
A pair of pressure rods and the shift scale for being located at the balancing stand side；The balancing stand on the outside of the shift scale is provided with water
Leveling ruler；The top of a pair of pressure rods is provided with built-in temperature measuring instrumentss, resistance measurement instrument, the encapsulation of the instrument of dynamometry instrument
Shell；The bottom of a pair of pressure rods is provided with the insulating rigid force bearing plate of clamping force snesor, the insulating rigid force bearing plate
Bottom symmetrical is provided with one group of insulating rigid pressure rod；Insulating rigid pressure rod end described in one group be provided with it is vertical opposite and set two
Block sheet metal, one of sheet metal bottom are nearby inlaid with temperature sensor；The sheet metal is surveyed with the resistance
Amount instrument is connected；The temperature sensor is connected with the temperature measuring instrument；The force snesor and the dynamometry instrument phase
Even.
The shift scale is vertically located at the side of the balancing stand.
The instrument package casing is with the insulating rigid force bearing plate each parallel to the balancing stand.
It is the sheet metal and the resistance measurement instrument, the temperature sensor and the temperature measuring instrument, described
Force snesor is connected with the dynamometry instrument by data line.
The temperature sensor be temperature measurement accuracy higher than ± 0.5 DEG C, thermometric susceptibility higher than ± 0.1 DEG C thermistor or
Thermocouple.
The spacing of two pieces of sheet metals is 0.1 ~ 5.0cm, and the thickness of every piece of sheet metal be 0.1 ~
1.0cm, width are 0.1 ~ 5.0cm, are highly 0.1 ~ 5.0cm.
The relative face of two pieces of sheet metals is plane, and the respective back side is inclined-plane in bottom.
Principle of the present utility model is：The change of a variety of physics, mechanical property can occur after freezing soil, such as temperature
Reduce, the significantly rise of soil strength and resistivity, therefore, can be by measuring the change of the soil body these physics, mechanical property
To judge whether the soil body freezes.It is occasionally hot using thermal infrared, thermoelectricity in the method for discrimination whether current existing soil body freezes
The method of the method measurement soil temperature of quick resistance is more conventional, and temperature is generally less than 0 DEG C as freezing soil by this method
Criterion.However, the change of soil body salinity or pressure can cause the reduction of its solidification point, freezing soil temperature is not at the construction field (site)
In the case of knowing, judgement of the thermometry to freezing soil situation there may be certain error, dry frozen ground may be mistaken for into frozen soil.
After freezing soil, its mechanical strength will be greatly improved, and the judgement of freezing soil situation can be carried out using the property.It is however, native
The change of body compactness, lithology material can cause the significantly change of soil body mechanical strength, the height that this method will may not freezed
Compactness soil or roach are mistaken for frozen soil, and therefore, what the simple mechanical strength for testing the soil body can not also judge the soil body freezes shape
Condition.Similarly, if being detected using the resistance of the measurement soil body, frozen Saline Soils may be mistaken for melting soil.Therefore,
It is accurate in order to ensure frozen soil Site Detection result, it is necessary to using the method for multi-parameter.This method passes through to soil temperature, resistance
And three parameters of intensity gather simultaneously, it is possible to prevente effectively from existing error during single parameter detecting.Pass through three above parameter
Comprehensive Comparison, determine the soil body freezes situation.The present invention works as soil temperature using soil temperature as primary distinguishing rule
The soil body is to melt soil during higher than 0 DEG C.When soil temperature is less than 0 DEG C, because the soil body may not freeze due to the reduction of solidification point
Knot, i.e., the soil body may be dry frozen ground, it is therefore desirable to subsidiary discriminant be carried out using other specification, when soil strength is higher, resistance is larger
When can determine that as frozen soil.
In order to realize the Fast nondestructive evaluation to shallow earth's surface freezing soil situation and the depth of freezing, direct insertion point can be used
The method of layer detection is carried out, i.e., successively carries out the detection of the parameter of the above three to the shallow earth's surface soil body, so that it is determined that every layer is freezed shape
The approximate depth of condition and frozen crust.
The utility model has advantages below compared with prior art：
1st, the utility model has filled up the blank that on-site rapid detection device is carried out to freezing soil situation, is non-professional
Engineering staff provides a kind of detection device of simple, reliable freezing soil situation, is applied so as to which Geotechnical Engineering is greatly reduced
During work in terms of the frozen soil differentiation expense caused by caused consulting and claim for eot.
2nd, the utility model is innovatively realized to being surveyed while three shallow earth's surface soil temperature, resistance and intensity indexs
Amount, elapsed time is longer when being tested respectively three parameters of the soil body so as to effectively prevent, and causes soil moisture in ambient heat
Process and probe pressure effect under to probe point position migration, and different Testing index result of determination caused by diabatic process it
Between exist conflict phenomenon, improve accuracy of detection.
3rd, the utility model realizes the Non-Destructive Testing to shallow earth's surface freezing soil situation, effectively overcomes field sampling inspection
Existing following deficiency during survey：It is higher that earth's surface freezes rear soil strength, and sampling difficulty is larger, it is difficult to completes the acquisition of standard sample；
Earth's surface freeze the rear different depth soil body freeze situation difference, to the soil body sample detect when test position difference to testing result
With large effect, engineering staff may be caused to freeze the erroneous judgement of situation to earth's surface；Field sampling test, which belongs to, damages detection,
The compactness of the soil body can not be recovered after the completion of detection.
4th, it is to survey at the construction field (site) because the measure of frozen soil strength needs the high precision instrument of specialty to carry out indoors
Amount.Standard penetration test (SPT) principle during the utility model innovatively tests soil in-situ is applied to the fast of shallow earth's surface frozen soil
In speed detection, it is achieved thereby that being carried in outdoor to earth's surface soil strength progress Non-Destructive Testing in situ, for the differentiation of freezing soil situation
For the purpose of important evidence.
Brief description of the drawings
Specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is front view of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is side view of the present utility model.
In figure：1- balancing stands；2- pressure rods；3- instrument package casings；4- force snesors；5- insulating rigid force bearing plates；6-
Temperature sensor；7- sheet metals；8- insulating rigid pressure rods；9- shift scale 10- balancing poles；11- temperature measuring instruments；
12- resistance measurement instrument；13- dynamometry instrument；14- data lines；15- horizon rules.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting, it is symmetrical that the device includes bottom both ends
Balancing stand 1 provided with 4 balancing poles 10 altogether and it is located at a pair of pressure rods 2 at the middle part of balancing stand 1 and is located at the side of balancing stand 1
Shift scale 9.
The balancing stand 1 in the outside of shift scale 9 is provided with horizon rule 15；The top of a pair of pressure rods 2 is surveyed provided with built-in temperature
Measure instrument 11, resistance measurement instrument 12, the instrument package casing 3 of dynamometry instrument 13；The bottom of a pair of pressure rods 2 is provided with chucking power
The insulating rigid force bearing plate 5 of sensor 4, the bottom symmetrical of the insulating rigid force bearing plate 5 are provided with one group of insulating rigid pressure rod 8；
One group of end of insulating rigid pressure rod 8 is provided with two pieces of sheet metals 7 that are vertical opposite and setting, and one of sheet metal bottom is attached
Closely it is inlaid with temperature sensor 6；Sheet metal 7 is connected with resistance measurement instrument 12；Temperature sensor 6 and temperature measuring instrument 11
It is connected；Force snesor 4 is connected with dynamometry instrument 13.
Wherein：Shift scale 9 is vertically located at the side of balancing stand 1.
Instrument package casing 3 is with insulating rigid force bearing plate 5 each parallel to balancing stand 1.
Sheet metal 7 and resistance measurement instrument 12, temperature sensor 6 and temperature measuring instrument 11, force snesor 4 and dynamometry
Instrument 13 is connected by data line 14.
Temperature sensor 6 is temperature measurement accuracy higher than the thermistor or heat of ± 0.5 DEG C, thermometric susceptibility higher than ± 0.1 DEG C
Galvanic couple.
The spacing of two pieces of sheet metals 7 is 0.1 ~ 5.0cm, and the thickness of every piece of sheet metal 7 is 0.1 ~ 1.0cm, width
It is highly 0.1 ~ 5.0cm for 0.1 ~ 5.0cm.
The relative face of two pieces of sheet metals 7 is plane, and the respective back side is inclined-plane in bottom.
The detection method of the shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting, comprises the following steps：
(1) shallow earth's surface freezes condition predicting：According to being the duration and the condition such as earth's surface soil property, water content of subzero temperature when ground temperature,
Estimate the shallow earth's surface soil body depth of freezing, and determine every layer of thickness by the inspection soil body；
(2) shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting is placed in earth's surface, by adjusting 4 balancing poles 10 and horizon rule
15 make balancing stand 1 be in horizontal positioned, to ensure the reliable of the normal work of measuring instrumentss and sensor and data transmission system
Property；
(3) for every layer by the inspection soil body, by the lower pressure sensor 4 of pressure rod 2, by two pieces of sheet metals 7 slowly at the uniform velocity under
Pressure is identical according to the freezing soil depth estimated, each depression depths；Make the bottom of two pieces of sheet metals 7 using shift scale 9
Stop pushing when reaching by inspection soil layer lower surface；Soil body resistance is measured first with resistance measurement instrument 12 after pushing every time, so
The maximum and average value of pressure during pushing are read from dynamometry instrument 13 afterwards, finally treats the stable reading of temperature measuring instrument 11
After read temperature value；
(4) freezing soil situation judging：
If soil temperature>0 DEG C, then the soil body does not freeze, stops detection；
If soil temperature≤0 DEG C, and soil strength≤critical intensity Sc, then the soil body does not freeze, may be dry frozen ground, stops inspection
Survey；
If soil temperature≤0 DEG C, and soil strength>Critical intensity Sc, soil body resistance≤critical resistance Rc, then the soil body do not freeze
Knot, it may be supercooling gravelly soil, stop detection；
If soil temperature≤0 DEG C, and soil strength>Critical intensity Sc, soil body resistance>Critical resistance Rc, then the soil body freeze
Knot；
(5) determine the shallow earth's surface soil body freezes situation：The situation of freezing of each layer soil body is collected, determines the soil body
Freeze the parameter of situation and the depth of freezing, the most deep position occurred according to frozen soil layer, determine the shallow earth's surface soil body depth of freezing（Referring to
Table 1）.
The soil sample freezing strength of table 1 differentiates system
Note：Critical-temperature needs to be corrected according to actual soil property situation with intensity level.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting, it is characterised in that：The device is arranged with including bottom both ends 4 balancing poles altogether（10）Balancing stand（1）Be located at the balancing stand（1）A pair of pressure rods at middle part（2）And it is located at described Balancing stand（1）The shift scale of side（9）；The shift scale（9）The balancing stand in outside（1）It is provided with horizon rule （15）；A pair of pressure rods（2）Top be provided with built-in temperature measuring instrumentss（11）, resistance measurement instrument（12）, dynamometer Table（13）Instrument package casing（3）；A pair of pressure rods（2）Bottom be provided with clamping force snesor（4）Insulating rigid Force bearing plate（5）, the insulating rigid force bearing plate（5）Bottom symmetrical be provided with one group of insulating rigid pressure rod（8）；Insulation described in one group Hard pressure rod（8）End is provided with two pieces of sheet metals that are vertical opposite and setting（7）, one of sheet metal bottom is nearby inlayed Embedded with temperature sensor（6）；The sheet metal（7）With the resistance measurement instrument（12）It is connected；The temperature sensor（6） With the temperature measuring instrument（11）It is connected；The force snesor（4）With the dynamometry instrument（13）It is connected.
- A kind of 2. shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The displacement mark Chi（9）Vertically it is located at the balancing stand（1）Side.
- A kind of 3. shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Instrument package Casing（3）With the insulating rigid force bearing plate（5）Each parallel to the balancing stand（1）.
- A kind of 4. shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The metal foil Plate（7）With the resistance measurement instrument（12）, the temperature sensor（6）With the temperature measuring instrument（11）, the power passes Sensor（4）With the dynamometry instrument（13）Pass through data line（14）It is connected.
- A kind of 5. shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The temperature passes Sensor（6）It is that temperature measurement accuracy is higher than ± 0.5 DEG C, thermistor or thermocouple of the thermometric susceptibility higher than ± 0.1 DEG C.
- A kind of 6. shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Two blocks of gold Metal thin plate（7）Spacing be 0.1 ~ 5.0cm, and every piece of sheet metal（7）Thickness be 0.1 ~ 1.0cm, width is 0.1 ~ 5.0cm, it is highly 0.1 ~ 5.0cm.
- A kind of 7. shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Two blocks of gold Metal thin plate（7）Relative face is plane, and the respective back side is inclined-plane in bottom.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109208565A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-01-15 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting and its detection method |
| CN111829596A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-27 | 中国电建市政建设集团有限公司 | Soil body monitoring and sensing mechanism, system and method |
-
2017
- 2017-06-29 CN CN201720774065.0U patent/CN206928274U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109208565A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-01-15 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of shallow earth's surface frozen soil multi-parameter device for fast detecting and its detection method |
| CN109208565B (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2023-12-08 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Multi-parameter rapid detection device and detection method for shallow surface frozen soil |
| CN111829596A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-27 | 中国电建市政建设集团有限公司 | Soil body monitoring and sensing mechanism, system and method |
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Effective date of registration: 20200804 Address after: 730000 No.318, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province Patentee after: NORTHWEST INSTITUTE OF ECO-ENVIRONMENT AND RESOURCES, CAS Address before: Chengguan District of Gansu city of Lanzhou province Donggang West Road 730000 No. 320 Patentee before: Institute of environment and Engineering in cold and dry areas, Chinese Academy of Sciences |