CN114062060A - Particulate matter removing device - Google Patents

Particulate matter removing device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114062060A
CN114062060A CN202111465194.9A CN202111465194A CN114062060A CN 114062060 A CN114062060 A CN 114062060A CN 202111465194 A CN202111465194 A CN 202111465194A CN 114062060 A CN114062060 A CN 114062060A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gas
separation chamber
centrifugal separation
sampled
passage
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Pending
Application number
CN202111465194.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
梁岩
高志兴
马进华
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Beijing Softong Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Beijing Softong Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111465194.9A priority Critical patent/CN114062060A/en
Publication of CN114062060A publication Critical patent/CN114062060A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2273Atmospheric sampling
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2202Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
    • G01N1/2205Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling with filters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2202Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
    • G01N1/2211Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling with cyclones

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of atmospheric environment monitoring, and discloses a particulate matter removing device. The particulate matter removing device comprises a negative pressure air inlet channel, a first centrifugal separation chamber, a second centrifugal separation chamber, an exhaust channel and a detection channel, wherein the negative pressure air inlet channel is used for introducing gas to be sampled, the first centrifugal separation chamber is used for performing primary cyclone separation on the gas to be sampled so as to separate first particulate matters with particle sizes larger than a first preset particle size value from the gas to be sampled, the second centrifugal separation chamber is used for performing secondary cyclone separation on the gas to be sampled after the primary cyclone separation so as to separate second particulate matters with particle sizes larger than a second preset particle size value from the gas to be sampled after the primary cyclone separation, and the gas to be sampled after the secondary cyclone separation is introduced into a gas analyzer through the detection channel. The invention has low maintenance cost, small volume, easy integrated installation and no interference to gas measurement results.

Description

Particulate matter removing device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of atmospheric environment monitoring, in particular to a particulate matter removing device.
Background
In the field of online monitoring of atmospheric gaseous pollutants, particulate matter components in an atmospheric sample gas to be analyzed need to be removed. The existing particulate matter removing method generally adopts schemes such as precise filter filtration or electrostatic adsorption and the like.
However, the method of the precise filter has two problems, one is that the filter element needs to be replaced frequently, and the operation and maintenance of the equipment are increasedAnd (4) cost. Second for NH3When the gas with strong adhesion is used, a part of the gas to be measured is adhered to the filter, thereby increasing the system error of the measurement result. The electrostatic adsorption method can generate ozone in the working process, pollute sample gas to be measured and interfere the measurement result of a subsequent system.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a particulate matter removing device, which has low maintenance cost, small volume, easy integrated installation and no interference to gas measurement results.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a particulate removal device, comprising:
the negative pressure gas inlet channel is used for introducing gas to be sampled;
the first centrifugal separation chamber is communicated with the negative pressure gas inlet channel and is used for performing primary cyclone separation on the gas to be sampled so as to separate first particles with particle sizes larger than a first preset particle size value in the gas to be sampled;
the second centrifugal separation chamber is communicated with the first centrifugal separation chamber and is used for carrying out secondary cyclone separation on the gas to be sampled after the primary cyclone separation so as to separate second particulate matters with the particle size larger than a second preset particle size value in the gas to be sampled after the primary cyclone separation;
an exhaust passage, one end of which is communicated with the first centrifugal separation chamber and the second centrifugal separation chamber, and the other end of which is communicated with the outside, so as to discharge the first particulate matters separated by the first centrifugal separation chamber and the second particulate matters separated by the second centrifugal separation chamber to the outside, respectively;
and one end of the detection channel is communicated with the first centrifugal separation chamber, and the other end of the detection channel is communicated with a gas analysis instrument so as to introduce the gas to be sampled after the second cyclone separation into the gas analysis instrument.
As an alternative of the particulate matter removing device of the present invention, a first passage may be further included, one end of which communicates with the first centrifugal separation chamber and the other end of which communicates with the exhaust passage, to pass the first particulate matter separated in the first centrifugal separation chamber into the exhaust passage.
As an alternative of the particulate matter removing device of the present invention, the device further includes a second channel, one end of the second channel is communicated with the first centrifugal separation chamber, and the other end of the second channel is communicated with the second centrifugal separation chamber, so that the gas to be sampled after the first cyclone separation is introduced into the second centrifugal separation chamber.
As an alternative of the particulate matter removing device of the present invention, a third passage is further included, one end of which communicates with the second centrifugal separation chamber and the other end of which communicates with the exhaust passage, so that the second particulate matter separated in the second centrifugal separation chamber is passed into the exhaust passage.
As an alternative of the particulate matter removing device of the present invention, the device further includes a fourth channel, one end of the fourth channel is communicated with the second centrifugal separation chamber, and the other end of the fourth channel is communicated with the detection channel, so that the gas to be sampled after the second cyclone separation is introduced into the detection channel.
As an alternative of the particulate matter removing device of the present invention, the device further includes a flow sensor, which is disposed in the fourth channel and is configured to detect a flow rate of the gas to be sampled that is introduced into the detection channel.
As an alternative of the particulate matter removing device of the present invention, a negative pressure pump for evacuating the negative pressure intake passage to generate a negative pressure in the negative pressure intake passage is further included.
As an alternative of the particulate matter removing device of the present invention, an exhaust fan is further included, the exhaust fan being provided at an outlet of the exhaust passage.
As an alternative to the particulate matter removing device of the invention, a filter provided at an inlet of the negative pressure intake passage may be further included.
As an alternative to the particulate matter removing device of the invention, the inlet of the negative pressure intake passage is provided with a first valve, the outlet of the exhaust passage is provided with a second valve, and the outlet of the detection passage is provided with a third valve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the particulate matter removing device provided by the invention is characterized in that gas to be sampled is introduced through the negative pressure gas inlet channel, first cyclone separation is carried out on the gas to be sampled through the first centrifugal separation chamber communicated with the negative pressure gas inlet channel so as to separate first particulate matters with the particle sizes larger than a first preset particle size value in the gas to be sampled, second cyclone separation is carried out on the gas to be sampled after the first cyclone separation through the second centrifugal separation chamber communicated with the first centrifugal separation chamber so as to separate second particulate matters with the particle sizes larger than a second preset particle size value in the gas to be sampled after the first cyclone separation, the first particulate matters separated by the first centrifugal separation chamber and the second particulate matters separated by the second centrifugal separation chamber are respectively discharged to the outside through the exhaust channel, and the gas to be sampled after the second cyclone separation is introduced into the gas analyzer through the detection channel. The particulate matter removing device provided by the invention is low in maintenance cost, small in size, easy to integrate and install and free of interference on a gas measurement result.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a particulate matter removing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a negative pressure air inlet channel; 2-a first centrifugal separation chamber; 3-a second centrifugal separation chamber; 4-an exhaust channel; 5-a detection channel; 6-a first channel; 7-a second channel; 8-a third channel; 9-a fourth channel; 10-flow sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection or a removable connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a particulate matter removing device that can be integrally mounted on an atmosphere detection apparatus, and includes a negative pressure intake passage 1, a first centrifugal separation chamber 2, a second centrifugal separation chamber 3, an exhaust passage 4, and a detection passage 5. The negative pressure air inlet channel 1 is used for introducing gas to be sampled. The first centrifugal separation chamber 2 is communicated with the negative pressure air inlet channel 1 and is used for performing primary cyclone separation on the gas to be sampled so as to separate out first particulate matters with particle sizes larger than a first preset particle size value in the gas to be sampled. The second centrifugal separation chamber 3 is communicated with the first centrifugal separation chamber 2 and is used for carrying out secondary cyclone separation on the gas to be sampled after the primary cyclone separation so as to separate out second particulate matters with the particle diameters larger than a second preset particle diameter value in the gas to be sampled after the primary cyclone separation. One end of the exhaust passage 4 is communicated with the first centrifugal separation chamber 2 and the second centrifugal separation chamber 3, respectively, and the other end is communicated with the outside, so as to discharge the first particulate matters separated from the first centrifugal separation chamber 2 and the second particulate matters separated from the second centrifugal separation chamber 3 to the outside, respectively. One end of the detection channel 5 is communicated with the first centrifugal separation chamber 2, and the other end is communicated with the gas analysis instrument, so that the gas to be sampled after the second cyclone separation is introduced into the gas analysis instrument.
Gas to be sampled is introduced through the negative pressure gas inlet channel 1, first cyclone separation is carried out on the gas to be sampled through the first centrifugal separation chamber 2 communicated with the negative pressure gas inlet channel 1 so as to separate first particulate matters with particle sizes larger than a first preset particle size value in the gas to be sampled, second cyclone separation is carried out on the gas to be sampled after the first cyclone separation through the second centrifugal separation chamber 3 communicated with the first centrifugal separation chamber 2 so as to separate second particulate matters with particle sizes larger than a second preset particle size value in the gas to be sampled after the first cyclone separation, the first particulate matters separated out from the first centrifugal separation chamber 2 and the second particulate matters separated from the second centrifugal separation chamber 3 are respectively discharged to the outside through the exhaust channel 4, and the gas to be sampled after the second cyclone separation is introduced into the gas analysis instrument through the detection channel 5.
It should be noted that the cyclone separation principle of the first centrifugal separation chamber 2 and the second centrifugal separation chamber 3 is the same as that of the cyclone separator in the prior art, that is, the solid particles or liquid drops with larger inertial centrifugal force are thrown and separated to the outer wall surface by the rotation motion caused by the tangential introduction of the air flow, and the centrifugal force borne by the particles is far greater than the gravity and the inertial force, so that the separation efficiency is higher, the structure is simple, the operation flexibility is large, the efficiency is higher, the management and maintenance are convenient, and the price is low.
The main structure of the first centrifugal separation chamber 2 and the second centrifugal separation chamber 3 is a conical cylinder, a gas inlet pipe is arranged in the tangential direction of the upper section of the cylinder, an exhaust pipe which is inserted into the cylinder to a certain depth is arranged at the top of the cylinder, and a powder outlet for receiving particles is arranged at the bottom of the conical cylinder. When the air flow enters the separation chamber from the air inlet pipe at the speed of 12-30 m/s, the air flow changes from linear motion to circular motion. The vast majority of the rotating air flow spirally flows downwards from the cylinder body along the wall of the device towards the cone. In addition, the particles are thrown to the wall under the action of centrifugal force, and once the particles contact the wall, the particles lose inertia force, and fall along the wall surface by the momentum of downward axial velocity near the wall, enter the ash discharge pipe, and are guided into the exhaust channel 4 through the powder outlet to be discharged outside. The outward rotating airflow which rotates and descends continuously flows into the central part of the centrifugal separation chamber in the descending process to form centripetal radial airflow, and the centripetal radial airflow forms an upward rotating inward rotational flow. The rotational directions of the inner and outer swirls are the same. Finally, the separated gas is discharged through an exhaust pipe, and a part of the unseparated fine dust particles also escape. Another small portion of the gas flowing from the inlet pipe flows downward along the outside of the exhaust pipe through the top cover, joins the rising internal cyclone flow when reaching the lower end of the exhaust pipe, enters the exhaust pipe, and then fine particles dispersed in the upward cyclone flow in this portion are carried away with it and thereafter trapped by a bag filter or a wet precipitator.
It will be appreciated that the movement of the gas and solid particles in the first centrifugal separation chamber 2 and the second centrifugal separation chamber 3 is very complex, with tangential, radial and axial velocities at any point in the chambers and varying with the radius of rotation. In practice, the gas velocity should be controlled appropriately. Experiments show that the gas velocity is too low, and the separation efficiency is not high. However, the gas velocity is too high, which tends to cause serious vortex and back-mixing phenomena, and also reduces the separation efficiency.
To facilitate the passage of the first particulate matter separated in the first centrifugal separation chamber 2 into the exhaust passage 4, the particulate matter removing device may further include a first passage 6, one end of the first passage 6 communicating with the first centrifugal separation chamber 2 and the other end communicating with the exhaust passage 4 to pass the first particulate matter separated in the first centrifugal separation chamber 2 into the exhaust passage 4.
In order to conveniently lead the gas to be sampled after the first cyclone separation into the second centrifugal separation chamber 3, the particulate matter removing device can also comprise a second channel 7, one end of the second channel 7 is communicated with the first centrifugal separation chamber 2, and the other end is communicated with the second centrifugal separation chamber 3, so that the gas to be sampled after the first cyclone separation is led into the second centrifugal separation chamber 3.
To facilitate the passage of the second particulate matter separated in the second centrifugal separation chamber 3 into the exhaust passage 4, the particulate matter removing device may further include a third passage 8, one end of the third passage 8 being communicated with the second centrifugal separation chamber 3 and the other end being communicated with the exhaust passage 4 to allow the second particulate matter separated in the second centrifugal separation chamber 3 to be passed into the exhaust passage 4.
In order to conveniently lead the gas to be sampled after the second cyclone separation into the detection channel 5, the particulate matter removing device can also comprise a fourth channel 9, one end of the fourth channel 9 is communicated with the second centrifugal separation chamber 3, and the other end is communicated with the detection channel 5, so that the gas to be sampled after the second cyclone separation is led into the detection channel 5.
In order to conveniently monitor the flow of the gas to be sampled which is introduced into the detection channel 5, optionally, the particulate matter removing device further comprises a flow sensor 10, and the flow sensor 10 is arranged in the fourth channel 9 and used for detecting the flow of the gas to be sampled which is introduced into the detection channel 5.
In order to conveniently introduce the gas to be sampled into the negative pressure air inlet channel 1, optionally, the particulate matter removing device further comprises a negative pressure pump, and the negative pressure pump is used for vacuumizing the negative pressure air inlet channel 1 so as to generate negative pressure in the negative pressure air inlet channel 1.
In order to accelerate the speed of discharging the first particles and the second particles to the outside, optionally, the particulate matter removing device further comprises an exhaust fan disposed at the outlet of the exhaust passage 4.
In order to prevent the foreign matter from entering the negative pressure intake passage 1, the particulate matter removing device may optionally further include a filter provided at an inlet of the negative pressure intake passage 1.
In order to facilitate the respective control of the opening and closing of the negative pressure air inlet channel 1, the air outlet channel 4 and the detection channel 5, optionally, an inlet of the negative pressure air inlet channel 1 is provided with a first valve, an outlet of the air outlet channel 4 is provided with a second valve, and an outlet of the detection channel 5 is provided with a third valve.
The particulate matter removing device provided by this embodiment is configured to introduce a gas to be sampled through a negative pressure inlet channel 1, perform first cyclone separation on the gas to be sampled through a first centrifugal separation chamber 2 communicated with the negative pressure inlet channel 1 to separate first particulate matters with particle sizes larger than a first preset particle size value from the gas to be sampled, perform second cyclone separation on the gas to be sampled after the first cyclone separation through a second centrifugal separation chamber 3 communicated with the first centrifugal separation chamber 2 to separate second particulate matters with particle sizes larger than a second preset particle size value from the gas to be sampled after the first cyclone separation, discharge the first particulate matters separated by the first centrifugal separation chamber 2 and the second particulate matters separated by the second centrifugal separation chamber 3 to the outside through an exhaust channel 4, and introduce the gas to be sampled after the second cyclone separation into a gas analyzer through a detection channel 5, the gas sensor has the advantages of low maintenance cost, small volume, easy integrated installation and no interference to gas measurement results.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments illustrated herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A particulate removal device, comprising:
the negative pressure gas inlet channel (1) is used for introducing gas to be sampled;
the first centrifugal separation chamber (2) is communicated with the negative pressure gas inlet channel (1) and is used for performing primary cyclone separation on the gas to be sampled so as to separate first particles with particle sizes larger than a first preset particle size value from the gas to be sampled;
the second centrifugal separation chamber (3) is communicated with the first centrifugal separation chamber (2) and is used for carrying out secondary cyclone separation on the gas to be sampled after the primary cyclone separation so as to separate second particulate matters with the particle size larger than a second preset particle size value in the gas to be sampled after the primary cyclone separation;
an exhaust passage (4), one end of the exhaust passage (4) is communicated with the first centrifugal separation chamber (2) and the second centrifugal separation chamber (3) respectively, and the other end of the exhaust passage is communicated with the outside, so as to discharge the first particulate matters separated from the first centrifugal separation chamber (2) and the second particulate matters separated from the second centrifugal separation chamber (3) to the outside respectively;
and one end of the detection channel (5) is communicated with the first centrifugal separation chamber (2), and the other end of the detection channel (5) is communicated with a gas analysis instrument so as to introduce the gas to be sampled after the second cyclone separation into the gas analysis instrument.
2. The particulate matter removing device according to claim 1, further comprising a first passage (6), one end of the first passage (6) communicating with the first centrifugal separation chamber (2) and the other end communicating with the exhaust passage (4) to pass the first particulate matter separated from the first centrifugal separation chamber (2) into the exhaust passage (4).
3. The particulate matter removing device according to claim 1, further comprising a second passage (7), one end of the second passage (7) communicating with the first centrifugal separation chamber (2) and the other end communicating with the second centrifugal separation chamber (3) to pass the gas to be sampled after the first cyclone separation into the second centrifugal separation chamber (3).
4. The particulate matter removing device according to claim 1, further comprising a third passage (8), one end of the third passage (8) communicating with the second centrifugal separation chamber (3) and the other end communicating with the exhaust passage (4) to pass the second particulate matter separated in the second centrifugal separation chamber (3) into the exhaust passage (4).
5. The particulate matter removing device according to claim 1, further comprising a fourth passage (9), wherein one end of the fourth passage (9) is communicated with the second centrifugal separation chamber (3), and the other end is communicated with the detection passage (5), so that the gas to be sampled after the second cyclone separation is introduced into the detection passage (5).
6. The particulate removal device of claim 5, further comprising a flow sensor (10), wherein the flow sensor (10) is arranged in the fourth channel (9) for detecting the flow of the gas to be sampled which is led into the detection channel (5).
7. The particulate matter removing device according to claim 1, further comprising a negative pressure pump for evacuating the negative pressure intake passage (1) to generate a negative pressure in the negative pressure intake passage (1).
8. The particulate matter removing device according to claim 1, further comprising an exhaust fan provided at an outlet of the exhaust passage (4).
9. The particulate matter removing device according to claim 1, further comprising a filter provided at an inlet of the negative pressure intake passage (1).
10. The particulate matter removing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein an inlet of the negative pressure intake passage (1) is provided with a first valve, an outlet of the exhaust passage (4) is provided with a second valve, and an outlet of the detection passage (5) is provided with a third valve.
CN202111465194.9A 2021-12-03 2021-12-03 Particulate matter removing device Pending CN114062060A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111465194.9A CN114062060A (en) 2021-12-03 2021-12-03 Particulate matter removing device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111465194.9A CN114062060A (en) 2021-12-03 2021-12-03 Particulate matter removing device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114062060A true CN114062060A (en) 2022-02-18

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111465194.9A Pending CN114062060A (en) 2021-12-03 2021-12-03 Particulate matter removing device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114062060A (en)

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