CN114060979B - Passive ventilation cooling system - Google Patents
Passive ventilation cooling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114060979B CN114060979B CN202111248275.3A CN202111248275A CN114060979B CN 114060979 B CN114060979 B CN 114060979B CN 202111248275 A CN202111248275 A CN 202111248275A CN 114060979 B CN114060979 B CN 114060979B
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- cooling system
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003904 radioactive pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000030279 gene silencing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/24—Means for preventing or suppressing noise
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/28—Arrangement or mounting of filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
- F24F8/108—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using dry filter elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
- F24F8/15—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
- F24F2005/0025—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice using heat exchange fluid storage tanks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/24—Means for preventing or suppressing noise
- F24F2013/247—Active noise-suppression
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a passive ventilation cooling system which is used for supplying air to a main control room and comprises a pipeline assembly, a heat exchange assembly and a compressed air supply port, wherein the pipeline assembly comprises an air supply pipeline, the air supply pipeline is used for supplying compressed air to the main control room, the heat exchange assembly comprises a cold storage box, a heat pipe and a cooler, the cooler is arranged on the air supply pipeline, the cold storage box is used for providing a cold source, the cold storage box is connected with the cooler for heat transfer, cold energy generated by the cold source in the cold storage box is transferred into the cooler through the heat pipe, and compressed air entering the air supply pipeline from the compressed air supply port exchanges heat with an evaporation section of the heat pipe in the cooler, so that cooled compressed air is conveyed to the main control room. The passive ventilation cooling system does not need energy supply and can automatically maintain to supply air to the main control room under nuclear pollution accidents or power failure conditions of the nuclear power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear industry, and particularly relates to an passive ventilation cooling system.
Background
In the prior art, the ventilation cooling system applied to the main control room area of the nuclear power plant mainly comprises the following two types:
the first is an active air conditioning system, the flow diagram of which is shown in figure 1, wherein the active air conditioning system comprises an emergency filtering loop (comprising an emergency fresh air port 1, a prefilter 2, a HEPA filter 3, a second iodine adsorber 4, an emergency filtering fan 5, a second isolation valve 6 and the like) and a main air supply loop (comprising a normal fresh air port 7, a first isolation valve 8, a prefilter 2, a high-efficiency filter 9, a cooling coil 10, a main fan 11 and the like), and under the normal running condition of the nuclear power plant, a main control room is continuously supplied with air by the main air supply loop, at the moment, the second isolation valve 6 is in a closed state, and fresh air entering through the normal fresh air port 7 is mixed with return air and then is supplied to the main control room by the main fan 11 after a series of treatment; under the condition that the nuclear power plant is subjected to radioactive pollution, the first isolation valve 8 is closed, the second isolation valve 6 is opened, fresh air enters from the emergency fresh air port 1 and is sent to the main air supply loop by the emergency filter fan 5 through a series of treatment processes, and the fresh air after emergency filtration is mixed with return air and then is sent to the main control room by the main fan 11 after being treated by the main air supply loop, so that personnel in the main control room are prevented from radioactive pollution; however, the active air conditioning system needs energy to support operation, when the power failure of the whole plant of the nuclear power plant occurs, the emergency filter fan and the main fan are both powered by the SBO nuclear grade diesel generator arranged in the nuclear power plant, and after the power supply provided by the diesel generator is cut off, personnel in the main control room can be damaged by radiation.
The other is a passive ventilation system in the prior art, as shown in fig. 2, which comprises a HEPA filter 3, a second iodine absorber 4, a muffler 24, a second ejector 25, a main control room boundary concrete 12, heat transfer metal fins 15, and the like, and the ventilation cooling system is realized by air supply and passive heat traps of a compressed air tank reserved in a nuclear power plant, and the compressed air system ensures that safe and sanitary breathing air is provided for personnel in the main control room area and maintains the relative positive pressure of the area when the nuclear power plant has a radioactive pollution accident or a power failure accident of the whole plant. The passive heat trap in the system utilizes the thermal inertia of the boundary concrete 12 of the main control room of the ground, the ceiling and the wall in the main control room and the heat conduction function of the heat transfer metal fins 15 arranged on the surface of the concrete to limit the room temperature rise and ensure that the room temperature in the main control room area is maintained at an acceptable level. The system needs to be supported by means of a massive concrete structure and large-area metal fins, more energy sources are needed to be input to support, so that the cold accumulation amount inside the concrete is kept, the inside of the main control room can be caused to be in a lower temperature condition for a long time, daily maintenance workload is increased, and the system is unfavorable for the health of operators in the main control room.
As shown in fig. 3, the chinese patent application publication CN109405153a discloses a small-sized stack main control room emergency resident ventilation system, which includes a filter 19, an iodine adsorber 4, a fan 20, a third isolation valve 21, a split air conditioner indoor unit 22, and a split air conditioner outdoor unit 23.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the passive ventilation cooling system which does not need energy supply and can automatically supply air to the main control room under the nuclear pollution accident or the power failure condition of the nuclear power plant, wherein the cold storage box is communicated with the cooling water system of the nuclear power plant, so that the low-temperature state in the cold storage box can be automatically maintained.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an passive ventilation cooling system for to master control room air feed, includes pipeline subassembly, heat transfer subassembly, compressed air supply mouth, pipeline subassembly includes the air feed pipeline, the entry end of air feed pipeline with the compressed air supply mouth is linked together, the output with the air inlet of master control room is linked together, the heat transfer subassembly includes cold accumulation case, heat pipe, cooler, the cooler is located on the air feed pipeline, the cold accumulation case is used for providing the cold source, the both ends of heat pipe are evaporation zone and condensation segment respectively, and its centre is the adiabatic section, the condensation segment embedded in the cold accumulation case, the evaporation zone is embedded inside the cooler, and the cold energy that cold source produced in the cold accumulation case passes through in the heat pipe transfer to the cooler, follow the compressed air that compressed air supply mouth got into the air feed pipeline is in the cooler with the evaporation zone of heat pipe takes place the heat exchange to carry the compressed air after the cooling to master control room.
Preferably, the pipeline assembly further comprises a return air pipeline, an inlet end of the return air pipeline is communicated with an exhaust port of the main control room, and an output end of the return air pipeline is communicated with the air supply pipeline at a first node.
Preferably, the passive ventilation cooling system further comprises a filter assembly for filtering radionuclides of the gas in the gas supply pipeline, the filter assembly is arranged on the gas supply pipeline and between the inlet end of the gas supply pipeline and the cooler, and the first node is arranged between the compressed air supply port and the filter assembly.
Preferably, the filter assembly comprises a first HEPA filter, a second HEPA filter, and a first iodine adsorber, wherein the first HEPA filter, the second HEPA filter, and the first iodine adsorber are all installed on the air supply pipeline, and the first iodine adsorber is located between the first HEPA filter and the second HEPA filter.
Preferably, the passive ventilation cooling system further comprises a silencing assembly, the silencing assembly comprises a first silencer and a second silencer, the first silencer is mounted on the air supply pipeline and located between the first node and the filtering assembly, and the second silencer is mounted on the return air pipeline.
Preferably, the passive ventilation cooling system further comprises a first ejector, wherein the first ejector is installed on the return air pipeline and located between the first node and the second muffler and used for ejecting air from the main control room.
Preferably, the passive ventilation cooling system further comprises a first isolation chamber and a second isolation chamber, the first isolation chamber, the second isolation chamber and the main control chamber are arranged in parallel, the filter assembly and the cooler are arranged in the first isolation chamber, and the cold accumulation box is arranged in the second isolation chamber.
Preferably, the cold accumulation box is arranged in a chilled water system of an electric plant of the nuclear power plant.
Preferably, the heat pipes are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the heat pipes are made of copper or stainless steel.
The passive ventilation cooling system adopts the compressed gas in the compressed air storage tank as a gas supply source, and the cooler is arranged on the gas supply pipeline, so that the compressed air flowing through the cooler exchanges heat with the cold source from the cold storage box, clean low-temperature gas is obtained, and the air can be supplied to the main control room for a long time under the emergency working condition of the nuclear power plant, thereby ensuring the safety of staff in the main control room.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art active air conditioning system for a main control room;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art master control room area passive ventilation cooling technique;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a prior art emergency resident ventilation system for a small stack master control room;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an passive ventilation cooling system in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-emergency fresh air port, 2-prefilter, 3-HEPA filter, 4-second iodine adsorber, 5-emergency filter fan, 6-second isolation valve, 7-normal fresh air port, 8-first isolation valve, 9-high efficiency filter, 10-cooling coil, 11-main fan, 12-main control room boundary concrete, 13-first ejector, 14-first silencer, 141-second silencer, 142-first HEPA filter, 143-second HEPA filter, 144-first iodine adsorber, 145-air supply pipeline, 146-return air pipeline, 147-first node, 15-heat transfer metal fin, 16-cooler, 17-heat pipe, 18-cold storage box, 19-filter, 20-fan, 21-third isolation valve, 22-split type air conditioning indoor unit, 23-split type air conditioning outdoor unit, 24-ejector, 25-second ejector.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made more apparent, and the embodiments described in detail, but not necessarily all, in connection with the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by "upper" or the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience and simplicity of description, and is not meant to indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must be provided with a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "configured," "mounted," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be either fixedly connected or detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The invention provides a passive ventilation cooling system which is used for supplying air to a main control room and comprises a pipeline assembly, a heat exchange assembly and a compressed air supply port, wherein the pipeline assembly comprises an air supply pipeline, the inlet end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the compressed air supply port, the output end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with an air inlet of the main control room, the heat exchange assembly comprises a cold storage box, a heat pipe and a cooler, the cooler is arranged on the air supply pipeline, the cold storage box is used for providing a cold source, the two ends of the heat pipe are respectively an evaporation section and a condensation section, the middle of the cold storage box is a heat insulation section, the condensation section is embedded in the cold storage box, the evaporation section is embedded in the cooler, cold energy generated by the cold source in the cold storage box is transmitted into the cooler through the heat pipe, and compressed air entering the air supply pipeline from the compressed air supply port exchanges heat with the evaporation section of the heat pipe in the cooler, so that cooled compressed air is conveyed to the main control room.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 4, this embodiment discloses a passive ventilation cooling system for supplying air to a main control room, which comprises a pipeline assembly, a heat exchange assembly and a compressed air supply port, wherein the pipeline assembly comprises an air supply pipeline 145, the inlet end of the air supply pipeline 145 is communicated with the compressed air supply port, the outlet end of the air supply pipeline 145 is communicated with the air inlet of the main control room, the heat exchange assembly comprises a cold storage tank 18, a heat pipe 17 and a cooler 16, the cooler 16 is arranged on the air supply pipeline 145, the cold storage tank 18 is used for providing a cold source, two ends of the heat pipe 17 are respectively an evaporation section and a condensation section, the heat insulation section is arranged between the evaporation section and the condensation section, the condensation section is embedded in the cold storage tank 18, the initial temperature range of the cold source in the cold storage tank 18 is 5-7 ℃, the condensation section is immersed in the internal cold source, the temperature range of the condensation section is 5-26 ℃, the evaporation section is embedded in the cooler 16, the cold generated by the cold source in the cold storage tank 18 is transferred into the cooler 16 through the heat pipe 17, and the compressed air entering the air supply pipeline 145 from the compressed air supply port exchanges heat with the evaporation section of the heat pipe 17 in the cooler 16, so that the cooled compressed air is conveyed to the main control room, and the temperature of the cooled compressed air is generally 25-40 ℃.
In this embodiment, a large amount of compressed air is stored in the compressed air storage tank, and the compressed air supply port is provided on the compressed air storage tank, wherein the pressure value of the compressed air ranges from 0.1 MPa to 35MPa, and the temperature of the compressed air is normal temperature. The compressed air is used for continuously supplying air to the main control room under the nuclear pollution working condition and under the condition of power failure of the nuclear power plant, and the air supply time can be kept at about 72 hours, so that clean and sanitary fresh air is provided for staff in the main control room, the positive pressure of the main control room is maintained, and the invasion of nuclear pollution is prevented.
In this embodiment, the duct assembly further includes a return air duct 146, the inlet end of the return air duct 146 is connected to the air outlet of the main control room, the outlet end thereof is connected to the air supply duct 145 at a first node 147, and air in the main control room circulates through the return air duct 146, thereby providing sufficient air filtration and cooling for the main control room.
In this embodiment, the passive ventilation cooling system further comprises a filter assembly for filtering the radionuclide of the gas in the gas supply pipe 145, the filter assembly being disposed on the gas supply pipe 145 and between the inlet end of the gas supply pipe 145 and the cooler 16, the first node 147 being located between the compressed air supply port and the filter assembly.
Specifically, the filter assembly includes a first HEPA filter 142, a second HEPA filter 143, and a first iodine adsorber 144, the first HEPA filter 142, the second HEPA filter 143, and the first iodine adsorber 144 are all installed on the air supply pipe 145, and the first iodine adsorber 144 is located between the first HEPA filter 142 and the second HEPA filter 143, where the first HEPA filter 142, the second HEPA filter 143, and the first iodine adsorber 144 together form a filter box, and the filter box and the cooler 16 are located in the same room.
In this embodiment, in order to eliminate noise generated by high-pressure compressed air injection, the passive ventilation cooling system further includes a muffler assembly including a first muffler 14 and a second muffler 141, the first muffler 14 is mounted on the air supply duct 145 and is located between the first node 147 and the filter assembly, and the second muffler 141 is mounted on the return duct 146, so that noise of the passive ventilation cooling system in operation is reduced.
Optionally, the passive ventilation cooling system further includes a first ejector 13, since the pressure of the gas exhausted from the main control room exhaust port is smaller, the first ejector 13 is installed on the return air duct 146, and the first ejector 13 is located between the first node 147 and the second muffler 141 and is used for increasing the pressure of the gas in the main control room, so that the gas exhausted from the main control room exhaust port enters the air supply duct 145 through the return air duct 146, and thus the air can be circularly filtered, so as to increase the cooling efficiency of the passive ventilation cooling system.
In this embodiment, the cooler 16, the heat pipes 17 and the cold storage box 18 together form a heat pipe type heat exchanger of the passive ventilation cooling system, which is also a core component of the passive ventilation cooling system, the cooler 16 is connected with the cold storage box 18 through the heat pipes 17, wherein the heat pipes 17 are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the heat pipes 17 are made of copper or stainless steel or other materials with high strength and high heat conductivity, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and in order to ensure the service life of the heat pipes, the heat pipes 17 are also required to have corrosion resistance, and the heat transfer working medium inside the heat pipes 17 is water or other harmless substances, so that the use safety and the shock resistance of the heat exchange component can be effectively improved through the arrangement.
Specifically, the internal cold source of the cold storage tank 18 is cooling water, the initial temperature range of the cooling water is 5-7 ℃, the cold storage tank 18 is used in series with the existing cooling water system of the nuclear power plant, the cooling water in the cold storage tank 18 circulates in the whole cooling water system of the nuclear power plant, the cold storage tank 18 can also be used as an expansion water tank in the cooling water system under normal working conditions, and an insulating layer is sleeved outside the cold storage tank 18 to keep the temperature in the cold storage tank 18. When the passive ventilation cooling system is in a closed state, the cooling water in the cold accumulation tank 18 participates in the normal circulation of the cooling water of the nuclear power plant, so that the cooling water in the cold accumulation tank 18 can be kept in a low-temperature state constantly, and compared with the arrangement of an independent cold accumulation tank 18, the arrangement mode can greatly reduce the maintenance workload of the cold accumulation tank 18.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the volume of the cold storage box 18 is in the range of 10 to 20m 3 For different use environments, the cold storage box can be selected from any other suitable volume, and the specific volume can be determined according to the actually required cold storage amount.
In this embodiment, the passive ventilation cooling system further includes a first isolation chamber and a second isolation chamber, the first isolation chamber and the second isolation chamber being disposed in parallel with the main control chamber,
the filter assembly and the cooler 16 are disposed in a first compartment, the cold storage tank 18 is disposed in a second compartment, and the cold storage tank 18 is connected to the cooling water system of the nuclear power plant.
In this embodiment, the passive ventilation cooling system further includes a control assembly, where the control assembly includes a first control valve, the first control valve is used to control opening and closing of the air supply pipeline, and the first control valve may be a manual valve or an automatic control valve, and under an accident condition, the passive ventilation cooling system is manually opened or automatically opened.
Optionally, the control assembly further includes a second control valve, where the second control valve is an isolation valve, and is disposed upstream or downstream of the evaporation section of the heat pipe, and in a normal working condition, the second control valve is in a closed state, so that heat exchange generated by air flowing is avoided, and thus, the cold of the cold source in the cold storage box 18 is lost; under accident conditions, the second control valve is in an open state.
In the embodiment, the passive ventilation cooling system does not need energy supply to drive the passive ventilation cooling system to work, is suitable for emergency air supply under emergency working conditions such as nuclear pollution and the like, adopts a heat pipe type heat exchanger to reduce the temperature of air, and can avoid an excessively thick concrete structure outside a main control room to improve the personnel comfort level inside the main control room; the cold accumulation tank 18 is connected with a cooling water system of the nuclear power plant, and under normal working conditions, the cold accumulation tank 18 can also keep a low-temperature state of internal cooling water without frequent alignment maintenance.
The passive ventilation cooling system in this embodiment works as follows:
the nuclear power plant is in a normal working condition, the passive ventilation cooling system is in a closed state, namely the first control valve and the second control valve are in a closed state, and the cold storage tank 18 is communicated with a cooling water system in the nuclear power plant, so that the cooling water in the cold storage tank is kept in a constant low-temperature state;
the nuclear power plant is in emergency such as nuclear pollution or power failure, the passive ventilation cooling system is opened, namely the first control valve and the second control valve are in an opened state, compressed air flows in through the air supply pipeline 145, sequentially passes through the first muffler 14, the first HEPA filter 142, the first iodine adsorber 144, the second HEPA filter 143 and the cooler 16, and finally flows into the main control room;
the air in the main control room enters the return air pipeline 146 through the air outlet, sequentially passes through the second muffler 141 and the first ejector 13, and then enters the air supply pipeline 145 through the first node 147, so that the air in the main control room can be circularly filtered.
It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the application of the principles of the present invention, but not in limitation thereof. Various modifications and improvements may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An passive ventilation cooling system is used for supplying air to a main control room and is characterized by comprising a pipeline component, a heat exchange component and a compressed air supply port,
the pipeline component comprises an air supply pipeline (145), the inlet end of the air supply pipeline (145) is communicated with the compressed air supply port, the output end is communicated with the air inlet of the main control room,
the heat exchange assembly comprises a cold accumulation box (18), a heat pipe (17) and a cooler (16), wherein the cooler (16) is arranged on the air supply pipeline (145) and is arranged outside the main control room, the cold accumulation box (18) is used for providing a cold source, two ends of the heat pipe (17) are respectively an evaporation section and a condensation section, the middle of the heat pipe is a heat insulation section, the condensation section is embedded in the cold accumulation box (18), the evaporation section is embedded in the cooler (16),
the cold energy generated by the cold source in the cold storage box (18) is transferred into the cooler (16) through the heat pipe (17), the compressed air entering the air supply pipeline (145) from the compressed air supply port exchanges heat with the evaporation section of the heat pipe (17) in the cooler (16), so that the cooled compressed air is conveyed to the main control room,
the cold accumulation box is connected into a cooling water system of the nuclear power plant, a cold source in the cold accumulation box is cooling water, the initial temperature range of the cooling water is 5-7 ℃, when the passive ventilation cooling system is in a closed state, the cooling water in the cold accumulation box participates in the normal circulation of the cooling water of the nuclear power plant so as to ensure that the cooling water in the cold accumulation box is constantly in a low-temperature state,
the cooling system also comprises a first isolation chamber and a second isolation chamber, the first isolation chamber and the second isolation chamber are arranged in parallel with the main control chamber,
the system further comprises a filter assembly for filtering radionuclides of the gas in the gas supply line (145), said filter assembly being provided on said gas supply line (145) between the inlet end of the gas supply line (145) and said cooler (16),
the filter assembly and the cooler (16) are arranged in the first isolation chamber, the cold accumulation box (18) is arranged in the second isolation chamber,
the cooling system further includes a control assembly including a first control valve and a second control valve,
the first control valve is used for controlling the opening and closing of the air supply pipeline; the second control valve is arranged at the upstream or downstream of the evaporation section, and is in a closed state under normal working conditions and in an open state under accident working conditions.
2. The passive ventilation cooling system of claim 1, wherein the duct assembly further comprises a return duct (146),
the inlet end of the return air pipeline (146) is communicated with the exhaust port of the main control room, and the output end of the return air pipeline is communicated with the air supply pipeline (145) and is communicated with a first node (147).
3. The passive ventilation cooling system of claim 2, wherein,
the first node (147) is located between the compressed air supply port and the filter assembly.
4. A passive ventilation cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that the filter assembly comprises a first HEPA filter (142), a second HEPA filter (143), a first iodine adsorber (144), the first HEPA filter (142), the second HEPA filter (143), the first iodine adsorber (144) are all mounted on the air supply duct (145), and the first iodine adsorber (144) is located between the first HEPA filter (142) and the second HEPA filter (143).
5. The passive ventilation cooling system of claim 3, further comprising a muffler assembly,
the muffler assembly comprises a first muffler (14) and a second muffler (141), the first muffler (14) being mounted on the air supply pipe (145) and being located between the first node (147) and the filter assembly,
the second muffler (141) is installed on the return air duct (146).
6. The passive ventilation cooling system according to claim 5, further comprising a first ejector (13),
the first ejector (13) is arranged on the return air pipeline (146) and is positioned between the first node (147) and the second muffler (141) and used for ejecting air from the main control room.
7. The passive ventilation cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a plurality of heat pipes (17) are provided, the plurality of heat pipes (17) being arranged in parallel at intervals,
the heat pipe (17) is made of copper or stainless steel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111248275.3A CN114060979B (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Passive ventilation cooling system |
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| CN202111248275.3A CN114060979B (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Passive ventilation cooling system |
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| CN104534601A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-04-22 | 重庆大学 | Air energy storage and refrigerating system used in power outage accident of nuclear power plant main control room |
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| CN112283841A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-29 | 三门核电有限公司 | Emergency ventilation system for main control room of nuclear facility |
| CN112611244A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-04-06 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Passive cold accumulation type heat exchange device |
| WO2021179660A1 (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2021-09-16 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Passive pulse cooling method and system for nuclear power plant |
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| CN104595999A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-05-06 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Nuclear power station master-control room passive driven indoor air cooling and purifying system |
| CN104534601A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-04-22 | 重庆大学 | Air energy storage and refrigerating system used in power outage accident of nuclear power plant main control room |
| WO2021179660A1 (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2021-09-16 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Passive pulse cooling method and system for nuclear power plant |
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