CN114060979A - Passive ventilation cooling system - Google Patents
Passive ventilation cooling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114060979A CN114060979A CN202111248275.3A CN202111248275A CN114060979A CN 114060979 A CN114060979 A CN 114060979A CN 202111248275 A CN202111248275 A CN 202111248275A CN 114060979 A CN114060979 A CN 114060979A
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- cooling system
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000030279 gene silencing Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003904 radioactive pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/24—Means for preventing or suppressing noise
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/28—Arrangement or mounting of filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
- F24F8/108—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using dry filter elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
- F24F8/15—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
- F24F2005/0025—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice using heat exchange fluid storage tanks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/24—Means for preventing or suppressing noise
- F24F2013/247—Active noise-suppression
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a passive ventilation cooling system, which is used for supplying air to a main control room and comprises a pipeline assembly, a heat exchange assembly and a compressed air supply port, wherein the pipeline assembly comprises an air supply pipeline, the air supply pipeline is used for supplying compressed air to the main control room, the heat exchange assembly comprises a cold storage box, a heat pipe and a cooler, the cooler is arranged on the air supply pipeline, the cold storage box is used for supplying a cold source, the cold storage box is connected with the cooler for heat transfer, cold energy generated by the cold source in the cold storage box is transferred into the cooler through the heat pipe, and the compressed air entering the air supply pipeline from the compressed air supply port exchanges heat with an evaporation section of the heat pipe in the cooler, so that the cooled compressed air is conveyed to the main control room. The passive ventilation cooling system does not need energy supply and can automatically maintain air supply to the main control room under the condition of nuclear pollution accidents or power failure of a nuclear power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear industry, and particularly relates to a passive ventilation cooling system.
Background
In the prior art, the following two ventilation cooling systems are mainly used in the main control room area of the nuclear power plant:
the first type is an active air-conditioning system, the flow diagram of the active air-conditioning system is shown in fig. 1, wherein the active air-conditioning system comprises an emergency filtering loop (comprising an emergency fresh air inlet 1, a pre-filter 2, an HEPA filter 3, a second iodine adsorber 4, an emergency filtering fan 5, a second isolating valve 6 and the like) and a main air supply loop (comprising a normal fresh air inlet 7, a first isolating valve 8, a pre-filter 2, a high-efficiency filter 9, a cooling coil 10, a main fan 11 and the like), under the normal operation condition of a nuclear power plant, a main control room is continuously supplied with air by the main air supply loop, at the moment, the second isolating valve 6 is in a closed state, and fresh air and return air which come in through the normal fresh air inlet 7 are mixed and then are sent into the main control room by the main fan 11 after a series of processing; under the condition that radioactive pollution occurs in a nuclear power plant, the first isolation valve 8 is closed, the second isolation valve 6 is opened, fresh air enters from the emergency fresh air port 1 and is sent to the main air supply loop through the emergency filter fan 5 through a series of processing processes, the fresh air after emergency filtering is mixed with return air and then is sent to a main control room through the main fan 11 after being processed by the main air supply loop, and therefore personnel in the main control room are prevented from being subjected to radioactive pollution; however, the active air conditioning system needs energy to support operation, under the condition of power loss of the whole nuclear power plant, the emergency filtering fan and the main fan are powered by the SBO nuclear grade diesel generator arranged in the nuclear power plant, and when the power provided by the diesel generator is cut off, personnel in a main control room can be damaged by radiation.
The other type is a passive ventilation system in the prior art, as shown in fig. 2, the passive ventilation system comprises a HEPA filter 3, a second iodine adsorber 4, a muffler 24, a second ejector 25, main control chamber boundary concrete 12, heat transfer metal fins 15 and the like, the ventilation cooling system is realized by air supply of a compressed air tank stored in the nuclear power plant and a passive heat trap, and the compressed air system ensures that safe and sanitary breathing air is provided for personnel in a main control chamber area and positive pressure in the area is maintained when a radioactive pollution accident or a power loss accident of the whole plant occurs in the nuclear power plant. The passive heat sink in the system utilizes the heat inertia of the main control room boundary concrete 12 of the main control room inner floor, ceiling and wall and the heat conduction function of the heat transfer metal fins 15 arranged on the surface of the concrete to limit the room temperature rise and ensure that the temperature of the room in the main control room area is maintained at an acceptable level. This system need arrange the metal fin with the help of thick and heavy concrete structure and large tracts of land, thereby need invest into more energy and support and keep the inside cold-storage volume of concrete, can lead to the inside lower temperature condition of long-term being in of master control room moreover, has increased the daily maintenance work load promptly like this, also does not benefit to the healthy of master control indoor operating personnel.
As shown in fig. 3, chinese patent application publication CN109405153A discloses a small-sized emergency residence ventilation system for a stack main control room, which comprises a filter 19, an iodine adsorber 4, a fan 20, a third isolation valve 21, a split air conditioner indoor unit 22, and a split air conditioner outdoor unit 23, and provides the emergency residence ventilation system for the stack main control room, and simultaneously provides fresh air (realized by the filter 19, the iodine adsorber 4, the fan 20, and other components) and a cooling function (realized by the split air conditioner indoor unit 22, the split air conditioner outdoor unit 23, and other components) for the main control room, so that a proper fresh air volume can be ensured under a low pollution condition in a plant area, but this scheme requires power supply, and is not suitable for a whole plant power loss condition of a nuclear power plant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art, and provides a passive ventilation and cooling system which does not need energy supply and can automatically maintain air supply to a main control room under the condition of nuclear pollution accidents or power failure of a nuclear power plant, wherein a cold storage box is communicated with a cooling water system of the nuclear power plant, so that the low temperature state in the cold storage box can be automatically maintained.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a passive ventilation cooling system is used for supplying air to a main control room and comprises a pipeline assembly, a heat exchange assembly and a compressed air supply port, wherein the pipeline assembly comprises an air supply pipeline, the inlet end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the compressed air supply port, the output end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the air inlet of the main control room, the heat exchange assembly comprises a cold storage box, a heat pipe and a cooler, the cooler is arranged on the air supply pipeline and is used for providing a cold source, the two ends of the heat pipe are respectively an evaporation section and a condensation section, the middle of the heat pipe is a heat insulation section, the condensation section is embedded in the cold storage box, the evaporation section is embedded in the cooler, cold energy generated by the cold source in the cold storage box is transmitted to the cooler through the heat pipe, and heat exchange is generated between the compressed air entering the air supply pipeline from the compressed air supply port and the evaporation section of the heat pipe in the cooler, thereby delivering the cooled compressed air to the main control room.
Preferably, the pipeline assembly further comprises a return air pipeline, an inlet end of the return air pipeline is communicated with the exhaust port of the main control chamber, and an output end of the return air pipeline is communicated with the air supply pipeline at the first node.
Preferably, the passive ventilation cooling system further comprises a filtering component for filtering radionuclides in the gas supply pipeline, the filtering component is arranged on the gas supply pipeline and is located at the inlet end of the gas supply pipeline and between the coolers, and the first node is located the compressed air supply port and between the filtering components.
Preferably, the filtering assembly comprises a first HEPA filter, a second HEPA filter and a first iodine adsorber, the first HEPA filter, the second HEPA filter and the first iodine adsorber are all installed on the air supply pipeline, and the first iodine adsorber is located between the first HEPA filter and the second HEPA filter.
Preferably, the passive ventilation cooling system further comprises a noise elimination assembly, the noise elimination assembly comprises a first noise eliminator and a second noise eliminator, the first noise eliminator is installed on the gas supply pipeline and located between the first node and the filtering assembly, and the second noise eliminator is installed on the return air pipeline.
Preferably, the passive ventilation cooling system further comprises a first ejector, and the first ejector is installed on the return air duct, is located between the first node and the second muffler, and is used for ejecting air from the main control chamber.
Preferably, the passive ventilation cooling system further comprises a first isolation chamber and a second isolation chamber, the first isolation chamber and the second isolation chamber are arranged in parallel with the main control chamber, the filter assembly and the cooler are arranged in the first isolation chamber, and the cold storage tank is arranged in the second isolation chamber.
Preferably, the cold storage box is arranged in a chilled water system of an electric factory building of a nuclear power plant.
Preferably, the heat pipes are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the heat pipes are made of copper or stainless steel.
The passive ventilation cooling system adopts the compressed gas in the compressed air storage tank as a gas supply source, the cooler is arranged on the gas supply pipeline, and the compressed air flowing through the cooler exchanges heat with the cold source from the cold storage tank, so that clean low-temperature gas is obtained, the gas can be supplied to the main control room for a long time under the emergency working condition of the nuclear power plant, and the safety of workers in the main control room is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art active air conditioning system in a main control room;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art passive ventilation cooling technique for a main control room area;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a prior art emergency habitability ventilation system for a small scale stack master control room;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a passive ventilation cooling system in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-emergency fresh air inlet, 2-prefilter, 3-HEPA filter, 4-second iodine adsorber, 5-emergency filter fan, 6-second isolating valve, 7-normal fresh air inlet, 8-first isolating valve, 9-high efficiency filter, 10-cooling coil, 11-main fan, 12-main control room boundary concrete, 13-first ejector, 14-first silencer, 141-second silencer, 142-first HEPA filter, 143-second HEPA filter, 144-first iodine adsorber, 145-air supply pipeline, 146-air return pipeline, 147-first node, 15-heat transfer metal fin, 16-cooler, 17-heat pipe, 18-cold storage box, 19-filter, 20-fan, 21-a third isolating valve, 22-a split air conditioner indoor unit, 23-a split air conditioner outdoor unit, 24-a silencer and 25-a second ejector.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the indication of orientation or positional relationship, such as "on" or the like, is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience and simplicity of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must be provided with a specific orientation, constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "disposed," "mounted," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly or removably connected, or integrally connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention provides a passive ventilation cooling system, which is used for supplying air to a main control room and comprises a pipeline assembly, a heat exchange assembly and a compressed air supply port, wherein the pipeline assembly comprises an air supply pipeline, the inlet end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the compressed air supply port, the output end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with an air inlet of the main control room, the heat exchange assembly comprises a cold storage box, a heat pipe and a cooler, the cooler is arranged on the air supply pipeline and is used for providing a cold source, the two ends of the heat pipe are respectively an evaporation section and a condensation section, the middle part of the heat pipe is an insulation section, the condensation section is embedded in the cold storage box, the evaporation section is embedded in the cooler, cold energy generated by the cold source in the cold storage box is transmitted into the cooler through the heat pipe, and the compressed air entering the air supply pipeline from the compressed air supply port is subjected to heat exchange with the evaporation section of the heat pipe in the cooler, thereby delivering the cooled compressed air to the main control room.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 4, the embodiment discloses a passive ventilation cooling system for supplying air to a main control room, comprising a pipeline assembly, a heat exchange assembly and a compressed air supply port, wherein the pipeline assembly comprises an air supply pipeline 145, an inlet end of the air supply pipeline 145 is communicated with the compressed air supply port, an output end of the air supply pipeline 145 is communicated with an air inlet of the main control room, the heat exchange assembly comprises a cold storage box 18, a heat pipe 17 and a cooler 16, the cooler 16 is arranged on the air supply pipeline 145, the cold storage box 18 is used for providing a cold source, two ends of the heat pipe 17 are respectively an evaporation section and a condensation section, the middle part of the heat pipe is an insulation section, the condensation section is embedded in the cold storage box 18, an initial temperature range of the cold source inside the cold storage box 18 is 5-7 ℃, the condensation section is immersed in the internal cold source, a temperature range of the condensation section is 5-26 ℃, the evaporation section is embedded in the cooler 16, cold generated by the cold source inside the cold storage box 18 is transmitted to the cooler 16 through the heat pipe 17, the compressed air entering the air supply pipeline 145 from the compressed air supply port is subjected to heat exchange with the evaporation section of the heat pipe 17 in the cooler 16, so that the cooled compressed air is conveyed to the main control room, and the temperature of the air before heat exchange is generally 25-40 ℃.
In this embodiment, a large amount of compressed air is stored in the compressed air storage tank, and the compressed air supply port is disposed on the compressed air storage tank, wherein the pressure value of the compressed air is in a range of 0.1 to 35MPa, and the temperature of the compressed air is normal temperature. The compressed air is used for keeping continuous air supply to the main control room under the condition of nuclear pollution working condition and power failure of the nuclear power plant, and the air supply time can be kept at about 72h, so that clean and sanitary fresh air is provided for workers in the main control room, the positive pressure of the main control room is maintained, and the nuclear pollution is prevented from invading.
In this embodiment, the duct assembly further includes a return duct 146, an inlet end of the return duct 146 is communicated with the exhaust port of the main control room, an output end of the return duct 146 is communicated with the air supply duct 145 at a first node 147, and air in the main control room is circulated through the return duct 146, so that sufficient air filtering and cooling can be provided to the main control room.
In this embodiment, the passive ventilation cooling system further includes a filter assembly for filtering radionuclides from the gas in the supply air duct 145, the filter assembly being disposed on the supply air duct 145 between the inlet end of the supply air duct 145 and the cooler 16, the first node 147 being located between the compressed air supply port and the filter assembly.
Specifically, the filtering component includes a first HEPA filter 142, a second HEPA filter 143, and a first iodine adsorber 144, the first HEPA filter 142, the second HEPA filter 143, and the first iodine adsorber 144 are all installed on the air supply duct 145, and the first iodine adsorber 144 is located between the first HEPA filter 142 and the second HEPA filter 143, wherein the first HEPA filter 142, the second HEPA filter 143, and the first iodine adsorber 144 jointly form a filtering box, and the filtering box and the cooler 16 are located in the same room.
In this embodiment, in order to eliminate the noise generated by the high-pressure compressed air injection, the passive ventilation cooling system further includes a noise elimination assembly including a first muffler 14 and a second muffler 141, the first muffler 14 is installed on the air supply duct 145 and located between the first node 147 and the filter assembly, and the second muffler 141 is installed on the return duct 146, thereby reducing the noise of the passive ventilation cooling system in operation.
Optionally, the passive ventilation cooling system further includes a first ejector 13, because the pressure of the gas discharged from the exhaust port of the main control chamber is relatively low, the first ejector 13 is installed on the return air duct 146, and the first ejector 13 is located between the first node 147 and the second muffler 141 and is used for increasing the pressure of the gas from the main control chamber, so that the gas discharged from the exhaust port of the main control chamber enters the gas supply duct 145 through the return air duct 146, and thus the air can be circularly filtered, so as to increase the cooling efficiency of the passive ventilation cooling system.
In this embodiment, the cooler 16, the heat pipes 17 and the cold storage tank 18 together form a heat pipe type heat exchanger of the passive ventilation cooling system, and also form a core component of the passive ventilation cooling system, the cooler 16 is connected with the cold storage tank 18 through the heat pipes 17, wherein the heat pipes 17 are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the heat pipes 17 are made of materials with high strength and high heat conductivity, such as copper or stainless steel, so as to increase heat exchange efficiency, and in order to ensure the service life of the heat pipes, the materials of the heat pipes 17 also need to have corrosion resistance, and the heat transfer working medium inside the heat pipes 17 is water or other harmless substances, so that the use safety and the shock resistance of the heat exchange component can be effectively improved through such arrangement.
Specifically, the inside cold source of cold-storage tank 18 is cooling water, and the initial temperature range of cooling water is 5 ~ 7 ℃ to cold-storage tank 18 and the current cooling water system of nuclear power plant establish ties and use, and the cooling water in cold-storage tank 18 circulates at whole nuclear power plant cooling water system internal recycle, and under normal operating mode, cold-storage tank 18 can also regard as the expansion tank in the cooling water system to use, overlaps in the outside of cold-storage tank 18 to be equipped with the heat preservation, in order to keep the temperature in the cold-storage tank 18. When the passive ventilation cooling system is in a closed state, the cooling water in the cold storage tank 18 participates in the normal circulation of the cooling water of the nuclear power plant, so that the cooling water in the cold storage tank 18 can be kept in a low-temperature state constantly, and compared with the arrangement of an independent cold storage tank 18, the arrangement mode can greatly reduce the maintenance workload of the cold storage tank 18.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the volume of the cool storage box 18 is 10 to 20m3For different use environments, the cold storage box can be selected from any other suitable volume, and the specific volume can be determined according to the cold storage amount required in practice.
In this embodiment, the passive ventilation cooling system further includes a first isolation chamber and a second isolation chamber, the first isolation chamber and the second isolation chamber are disposed in parallel with the main control chamber,
the filter assembly and the cooler 16 are arranged in a first isolation chamber, the cold storage tank 18 is separately arranged in a second isolation chamber, and the cold storage tank 18 is connected into a cooling water system of a nuclear power plant.
In this embodiment, the passive ventilation cooling system further includes a control component, and the control component includes a first control valve, and the first control valve is used for controlling the opening and closing of the air supply pipeline, and the first control valve may be a manual valve or an automatic control valve, and under the accident condition, the passive ventilation cooling system is manually opened or automatically opened.
Optionally, the control assembly further includes a second control valve, which is an isolation valve and is disposed at the upstream or downstream of the evaporation section of the heat pipe, and under a normal working condition, the second control valve is in a closed state to prevent air from flowing to generate heat exchange, so that the cold energy of the cold source in the cold storage tank 18 is lost; under accident conditions, the second control valve is in an open state.
In the embodiment, the passive ventilation cooling system does not need energy supply to drive the passive ventilation cooling system to work, is suitable for emergency air supply under emergency working conditions such as nuclear pollution and the like, adopts the heat pipe type heat exchanger to reduce the temperature of air, can avoid adopting an excessively thick concrete structure outside the main control chamber, and improves the comfort level of personnel inside the main control chamber; wherein, cold-storage box 18 is connected with nuclear power plant's cooling water system, and under normal operating mode, cold-storage box 18 also can keep the low temperature state of inside cooling water, need not often to align and maintain.
The working process of the passive ventilation cooling system in the embodiment is as follows:
under the normal working condition of the nuclear power plant, the passive ventilation cooling system is in a closed state, namely the first control valve and the second control valve are in a closed state, and the cold storage tank 18 is communicated with a cooling water system in the nuclear power plant, so that the state that the cooling water in the cold storage tank is in a constant low temperature is kept;
when emergency conditions such as nuclear pollution or power failure occur in a nuclear power plant, the passive ventilation cooling system is opened, namely the first control valve and the second control valve are opened, compressed air flows in through the air supply pipeline 145, sequentially passes through the first silencer 14, the first HEPA filter 142, the first iodine adsorber 144, the second HEPA filter 143 and the cooler 16, and finally flows into the main control room;
the air in the main control chamber enters the return air duct 146 through the air outlet, sequentially passes through the second muffler 141 and the first ejector 13, and then enters the air supply duct 145 through the first node 147, so that the air in the main control chamber can be circularly filtered.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A passive ventilation cooling system is used for supplying air to a main control room and is characterized by comprising a pipeline assembly, a heat exchange assembly and a compressed air supply port,
the pipeline assembly comprises an air supply pipeline (145), the inlet end of the air supply pipeline (145) is communicated with the compressed air supply port, the output end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the air inlet of the main control room,
the heat exchange assembly comprises a cold storage box (18), a heat pipe (17) and a cooler (16), the cooler (16) is arranged on the air supply pipeline (145), the cold storage box (18) is used for providing a cold source, the two ends of the heat pipe (17) are respectively an evaporation section and a condensation section, the middle of the heat pipe is a heat insulation section, the condensation section is embedded in the cold storage box (18), the evaporation section is embedded in the cooler (16),
cold energy generated by a cold source in the cold storage box (18) is transmitted into the cooler (16) through the heat pipe (17), and compressed air entering the air supply pipeline (145) from the compressed air supply port exchanges heat with the evaporation section of the heat pipe (17) in the cooler (16), so that the cooled compressed air is conveyed to the main control room.
2. The passive ventilation cooling system of claim 1, wherein the duct assembly further comprises a return duct (146),
the inlet end of the return air pipeline (146) is communicated with the exhaust port of the main control chamber, and the output end of the return air pipeline is communicated with the air supply pipeline (145) at a first node (147).
3. The passive ventilation cooling system of claim 2, further comprising a filtering assembly for filtering radionuclides from the gas in the gas supply duct (145),
the filter assembly is arranged on the air supply pipeline (145) and is positioned between the inlet end of the air supply pipeline (145) and the cooler (16),
the first node (147) is located between the compressed air supply port and the filter assembly.
4. The passive ventilation cooling system of claim 3, wherein the filter assembly comprises a first HEPA filter (142), a second HEPA filter (143), a first iodine adsorber (144), the first HEPA filter (142), the second HEPA filter (143), the first iodine adsorber (144) each mounted on the gas supply duct (145), and the first iodine adsorber (144) located between the first HEPA filter (142) and the second HEPA filter (143).
5. The passive ventilation cooling system of claim 3, further comprising a muffler assembly,
the silencing assembly comprising a first silencer (14) and a second silencer (141), the first silencer (14) being mounted on the gas supply duct (145) and located between the first node (147) and the filtering assembly,
the second muffler (141) is mounted on the return duct (146).
6. The passive ventilation cooling system of claim 5, further comprising a first eductor (13),
the first ejector (13) is installed on the return air pipeline (146) and located between the first node (147) and the second silencer (141) and used for ejecting air from a main control chamber.
7. The passive ventilation cooling system of claim 3, further comprising a first isolation chamber and a second isolation chamber, the first isolation chamber and the second isolation chamber being juxtaposed to the main control chamber,
the filtering component and the cooler (16) are arranged in the first isolation chamber, and the cold storage box (18) is arranged in the second isolation chamber.
8. The passive ventilation cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the cold storage tank is provided in a chilled water system of an electrical plant of a nuclear power plant.
9. The passive ventilation cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a plurality of heat pipes (17) are adopted, the plurality of heat pipes (17) are arranged in parallel at intervals,
the material of the heat pipe (17) is copper or stainless steel.
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| CN114688651A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-07-01 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Passive ventilation device |
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