CN114057436A - Multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick - Google Patents
Multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick Download PDFInfo
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- CN114057436A CN114057436A CN202010786661.7A CN202010786661A CN114057436A CN 114057436 A CN114057436 A CN 114057436A CN 202010786661 A CN202010786661 A CN 202010786661A CN 114057436 A CN114057436 A CN 114057436A
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- brick
- fly ash
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- soil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/80—Optical properties, e.g. transparency or reflexibility
- C04B2111/82—Coloured materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a multifunctional inorganic polymerized soil brick, which takes bottom slag, furnace slag, incineration fly ash, coal fly ash and other industrial or civil solid wastes such as sludge, waste soil and the like which are taken on site or nearby as raw materials, integrates an inorganic polymerization technology, and replaces the traditional sintered high-energy-consumption soil brick or high-carbon cement brick. Indexes are quantized through recovery and utilization rate: the soil brick with controllable porosity, strength, energy dissipation, noise reduction and flame resistance engineering properties is prepared at normal temperature according to the mixture ratio of the argillaceous addition rate, the liquid-solid ratio, the silicon-sodium ratio, the alkali equivalent and the like, can be used for underground foundation engineering support, brick wall structures, light floor slabs and roofs, and is a green building material with multi-element conversion, environment-friendly low-consumption production, quick and simple construction, multi-functional application and recycling and continuous reutilization.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a multifunctional inorganic polymerized brick, which uses bottom slag, furnace slag, incineration fly ash, coal-fired fly ash, etc. and industrial or civil solid wastes of sludge, excavated soil and waste soil, etc. which can be used on site or nearby as raw materials, and integrates inorganic polymerization technology to replace traditional sintered high-energy-consumption brick or brick made by using high-carbon-emission cement. The invention adopts the quantitative indexes of recovery and utilization rate: the mud addition rate, the liquid-solid ratio, the silicon-sodium ratio, the alkali equivalent and the like are matched at normal temperature to prepare controllable porosity and related engineering properties, so that multifunctional application and multivariate conversion are achieved, and a plurality of efficacy characteristics of the soil brick are controllable, wherein the characteristics comprise compressive strength, permeability coefficient, impact energy dissipation rate, vibration reduction rate, noise reduction rate, flame resistance and the like. Therefore, the invention can be applied to underground foundation engineering support, building brick wall structures, light floor slabs and roofs, members with the characteristics of fire prevention, water resistance, vibration reduction, noise reduction, heat insulation and the like, energy dissipation members of slope protection engineering and the like. The inorganic polymer brick is an innovative green building material which can be subjected to multi-element conversion, is environment-friendly and low in production consumption, is quick and simple to construct, can be applied in multiple functions and can be recycled and reused forever.
Background
With the development of construction and science, a large amount of solid wastes are produced, and data show that the total amount of wastes produced in 2018 in taiwan is about 3,207 ten thousand metric tons, wherein most of the wastes produced industrially can be recycled by in-plant systems, however, the wastes produced by people, such as civil garbage and sewage sludge, are complex in components and high in treatment cost, and face a severe treatment problem.
In addition, the solid wastes in taiwan are usually incinerated and buried. However, it is reported that, by 2016, the residual capacity of 378 landfills in the whole landfill remains 12% on average, and landfills in each region will continue to be aged within 5 years, most incinerators are over-aged, and carbon emission and produced bottom slag in the post-incineration process cause extended environmental problems. On the other hand, civil construction projects have a great demand on the material side, particularly cement-based materials are the main raw materials, however, according to the estimation of the national institute of affairs of royal london, england, cement production exceeds 40 hundred million tons every year worldwide, and 8% of the global carbon emission indirectly causes serious climate change.
If solid waste can replace cement matrix materials to create a large amount of supply and demand balance transformation schemes with efficacy progress, the existing engineering technology can be transformed while creating a continuous environment, and the circular economy driven by the industrial chain can be realized. According to the goal established by the 2015 Paris protocol, in 2050, compared with the prior industrial era (1850-1900), the rise range of the air temperature needs to be controlled within 1.5 ℃ (at most 2 ℃), and the circular economy and the climate action are also the essential items of 17 perpetual development goals (SDGs) of the United nations, which meets the importance of the issue. However, existing transformation strategies and products often have the following dilemma: (1) only how to convert the waste into usable resources is considered, and the energy requirements of the conversion process, such as incineration and sintering, are ignored; (2) the existing high-strength application substitution of the granular materials, the concrete and the like is only considered, but the characteristic of weak mechanical property of the waste is ignored, so that the cost performance is poor, and the recycling economy cannot be effectively driven.
In summary, the present invention utilizes the solid waste which is difficult to treat in a multi-functional manner and transforms the solid waste into a multi-element form to achieve the transformation of industrial and civil engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick, aiming at maximizing the resource reuse of solid wastes and minimizing the energy consumption, and assisting with the control gain of internal geometry such as pores, virtuality and reality, light weight and the like to create the possibility of multi-effect, multi-element conversion and quick construction.
The invention emphasizes the material availability and the rapid workability according to local conditions, and the elasticity is adjusted to normal temperature compression molding and injection molding construction according to the construction engineering requirement; compared with the traditional sintered brick with high energy consumption, the die pressing construction has the advantages that the time consumption and the weak point of lateral force resistance are reduced, and the economic and environmental protection functions are achieved; injection molding works are compared to the function of a cement-based material, such as concrete.
The internal geometric control of the invention means that the virtual-real of the inorganic polymer is controllable, the virtual is the pore, the real is the solid phase composition of the inorganic polymer, and the internal geometric control is realized by the following key factors: the mud addition rate, the liquid-solid ratio, the silicon-sodium ratio, the alkali equivalent and the like are matched, and the introduction of a foaming technology is assisted, so that the virtual/actual ratio, namely the porosity, can be controlled, and further the actions of energy dissipation, energy dissipation and strength and mechanical strength improvement of the solid waste can be controlled, so that the multifunctional application of the solid waste in accordance with local conditions can be achieved, and the multifunctional application comprises the application that the low porosity can meet the requirements of strength and mechanical strength on foundation excavation support, wall structures of houses and the like; the medium and high pores can be used for the application of impact energy dissipation of side slope rockfall impact protection, road guardrails and the like; the high porosity can be used as a functional light floor slab and a roof, has energy blocking performances of vibration reduction, noise reduction, heat insulation and the like, and has the effects of seepage prevention and flame resistance, thereby achieving the possibility of multi-element conversion.
The key indexes of the multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick influencing strength functions (including bearing, wind resistance and vibration resistance), energy dissipation (including impact energy dissipation, vibration reduction, noise reduction, heat insulation and the like) and related application of waterproof and fireproof effects are porosity.
The invention provides a multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick: the inorganic polymerization is used for sealing toxic substances or waste materials, and the inorganic composite material has good mechanical strength and energy dissipation, seepage prevention and flame resistance; the porosity is controllable by internal geometric control such as the argillaceous addition rate, the liquid-solid ratio, the silicon-sodium ratio, the alkali equivalent and the like, and a mechanical, chemical or biological foaming mode is adopted, so that the mechanical strength required by bearing, wind resistance and vibration resistance can be respectively provided according to the multifunctional application requirement; energy dissipation required by impact energy dissipation, vibration reduction, noise reduction, heat insulation and the like, and functions required by seepage prevention, flame resistance and the like.
The present invention therefore provides a multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick comprising: the mixed material comprises powder, fly ash and argillaceous substances; and alkali liquor containing alkali metal silicate and alkali metal hydroxide solution, wherein the mud is various and various mud, sludge, excavated soil, abandoned soil, sand and stone dust and the like or any combination of the above, and the mud addition rate is 5-80%.
The multifunctional inorganic polymer brick of the invention has a mud addition rate, and the proportion of the powder and the fly ash added in the components of the multifunctional inorganic polymer brick is 100 percent.
In an embodiment of a brick wall structural member and an impervious member, the mud addition rate of the multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick is 5-73%.
In another embodiment of the energy dissipation component for rockfall and road protection on side slopes, the mud addition rate of the multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick is 5-35%.
In another embodiment of the lightweight noise-reduction wall, floor and roof, the multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick of the present invention has a soil addition rate of 15% to 25%.
The multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick is used as a brick wall structural member, an impervious member, a side slope rockfall, a road protection energy dissipation member, a light noise reduction wall, a floor slab and a roof, wherein the liquid-solid ratio is 0.20-0.70, and the porosity is 10-60%.
In the embodiment of a brick wall structural member and an impervious member, the liquid-solid ratio of the multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick is 0.30-0.55, and the porosity is 10-30%.
In another embodiment of the energy dissipation member for rockfall and road protection on side slopes, the liquid-solid ratio of the multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick is 0.50-0.60, and the porosity is 27-35%.
In another embodiment of the lightweight noise-reduction wall, floor and roof, the multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick of the invention has a liquid-solid ratio of 0.50 and a porosity of 33% to 36%.
The multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick is used as a brick wall structural member, an impervious member, a side slope rockfall, a road protection energy dissipation member, a light noise reduction wall, a floor slab and a roof, wherein the mole ratio of silicon to sodium is 0.5-2.5.
The multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick is used as a brick wall structural member, an impervious member, a side slope rockfall, a road protection energy dissipation member, a light noise reduction wall, a floor slab and a roof, wherein the alkali equivalent is between 1 and 15 percent.
In one embodiment of a brick wall structural member, an impervious member, the multifunctional inorganic polymeric soil brick of the present invention has an alkali equivalent of between 3% and 9%.
In another embodiment of the slope rockfall, the road protection energy dissipation member, the lightweight noise reduction wall, the floor slab and the roof, the alkali equivalent of the multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick is between 9 and 15 percent.
The multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick of the invention is prepared from bottom slag, furnace slag, water quenched blast furnace stone powder, air cooled blast furnace stone powder, oxidized slag, reduced slag or any combination thereof.
The invention relates to a multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick, wherein fly ash refers to powder generated by burning coal or solid waste in a boiler, and the fly ash is incineration fly ash, coal-fired fly ash, C-grade fly ash, F-grade fly ash or any proportion of the above.
The mixed material described in the article is siliceous or other siliceous and aluminous material which has little or no cementing property, but is ground into fine particles and is activated by alkali in an alkaline environment to generate inorganic polymerization reaction to form inorganic polymer with silicon-oxygen-aluminum structure and cementing property.
The multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick of the present invention may further comprise an additive, wherein the functional additive is selected from a surfactant, a foaming agent, an air transporting agent, a lightweight aggregate, a fiber, a plastic, a colorant, or any combination thereof, as desired.
The alkali equivalent is the ratio of alkali metal hydroxide to solid, is used for adjusting the dosage of alkali metal solution, controlling the pH value, maintaining the dissolution amount of silicon and aluminum oxide colloid and providing a good inorganic polymerization environment; and controlling to avoid the phenomenon of bloom.
The upper limit of the alkali equivalent can be evaluated in terms of the amorphous aluminosilicate component of the solid content; the lower limit is estimated based on the overall alkali concentration, and the Si/Na molar ratio is used as an indicator of the amount of Si supplementation and as an indicator of the curing time, and is also estimated based on the amorphous aluminosilicate component of the solid content.
Detailed Description
The present invention provides a multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick, comprising: the mixed material comprises powder, fly ash and argillaceous substances; and an alkali solution comprising an alkali metal silicate and an alkali metal hydroxide solution.
The embodiment of the invention takes three kinds of mud as an example, and controls the porosity of low, medium and high through the design of the mud addition rate and the liquid-solid ratio and the blending of chemical foaming, the silicon-sodium molar ratio and the alkali equivalent, thereby verifying the multifunctional applicability of the energy dissipation device in the impact of brick wall structures, low-permeability members, light noise reduction floors, side slope falling stones or road guardrails and the like.
The embodiment of the invention takes three kinds of mud as an example, wherein the three kinds of mud are respectively reservoir sludge, sewer sludge, in-situ excavated soil and silica sand which are randomly taken.
The preparation method comprises two main steps, wherein the first step is to prepare alkali liquor in advance, so that an alkali metal hydroxide aqueous solution and an alkali metal silicate aqueous solution are fully mixed and stirred, strong alkali is dissolved in water to release heat violently, so that the multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick needs to be prepared and stored before being mixed, the cooling time is different according to the preparation amount, and the multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick can be used after being cooled to normal temperature; the second step is the preparation of inorganic polymer soil brick, which is generally prepared by mixing the soil with mixing water to make the soil absorb water, and then adding powder and fly ash, aiming at avoiding the phenomenon of insufficient alkali liquor caused by excessive alkali liquor absorption by soil.
And after the powder and the mixing water are uniformly mixed, adding alkali liquor according to the proportion, performing injection molding or compression molding according to the material characteristics after the powder and the mixing water are uniformly mixed, demolding after the powder and the mixing water are formed to finish the preparation of a test sample, and performing working and functional verification according to the multifunctional requirements, wherein the tests comprise density measurement, needle penetration, uniaxial compression, water permeation, noise isolation, impact energy dissipation and the like.
The formulation design of the embodiment of the invention is listed in table 1, and the working performance and functional verification of the output are listed in tables 2 to 5.
Table 1 shows the proportioning design of the examples and comparative examples of the present invention according to different kinds of mud and application requirements
Table 1 above, for the portion of the application code, the relevant description is a brick wall structural member; a B impervious member; c, a side slope rockfall and road protection energy dissipation component; light/noise reduction walls, floors and roofs.
Randomly taken mud species were used in this example: the soil was cut soil and silica sand soil in situ (anti-permeability example 5); the sludge is civil sewer sludge; the sludge is reservoir sludge.
Table 2 shows the verification of the use of different types of mud in structural elements (low porosity) of brick walls
As can be seen from examples 1 to 4 in Table 2, the compressive strength of the brick of the present invention, when 50% of clay is added, can still meet the requirements of the second-level brick (20MPa) and the third-level brick (15 MPa) of the standard CNS 382 common brick specification of Taiwan in China at 7 days under normal temperature casting.
The initial setting time is 35-40 minutes, the final setting time is 45-80 minutes and the 7-day compressive strength is 29-31 MPa measured by the penetration test of the examples 2 and 4 shown in the table 2, which shows that the production/construction mode can be controlled from high plasticity to low plasticity by adjusting the mole ratio of silicon and sodium and the liquid-solid ratio, and the production strength can reach the strength requirement of a first-grade brick (30MPa) under the control condition.
Table 3 shows the application of different types of mud to the barrier (low porosity) members
Code | Kind of mud | Compressive strength (MPa) | Coefficient of penetration (cm/s) |
Example 5 | Silica sand soil | 33 | 3.24×10-8 |
Taking example 5 of table 3 as an example, the permeability coefficient (hydraulic conductivity coefficient) of a generally common material: the sandy soil is 10-3~10-5(cm/s) and silt content of 10-4~10-6(cm/s) and clay is less than 10-7(cm/s), whereas the permeation prevention efficacy of the present invention is higher than clay.
As shown in example 5 of Table 3, when the present invention is applied to a material with leakage resistance, the slurry addition rate is 73% and the liquid-solid ratio is 0.55 to prepare a low-porosity material, it can be seen that the general permeability coefficient of the silty soil is about 10-4~10-6(cm/s) of less than 10-7(cm/s), the present invention can further reach 10-8(cm/s) and the compressive strength can reach 33 MPa. Therefore, the invention takes the earth excavated in the field as the raw material, mixes the earth in the field, and pours and backfills or produces the component, thereby providing the soil reinforcement or the structural component and having the effects of water resistance and seepage resistance.
Table 4 shows the application verification of different mud types in the slope rockfall and road protection energy dissipation components (middle and high pores)
Taking examples 6-9 of Table 4 as examples, the impact energy dissipation rate per unit thickness of sludge or silt can replace the conventional energy dissipation material using polystyrene foam as the main stream.
Traditionally, a polymer foam material is used as a key energy dissipation material, the impact energy dissipation rate can reach 70% (the impact phase energy rate per unit thickness is 10%/cm), and chemical materials are expensive in production, high in energy consumption and high in carbon emission. The invention takes the earthwork, the peripheral sludge, the silt or other potential resources of the site as raw materials, and the materials are mixed, poured and foamed in the site to obtain the green impact energy dissipation material with high cost performance.
TABLE 5 verifications of the use of different clays for light/noise reduction walls, floors and roofs (high porosity)
Taking Table 5 as an example, examples 10 to 11 all showed a certain noise reduction effect when used for high-porosity noise reduction. Taking light floor slab, non-structural noise-reducing and flame-proof (fire-proof) component of brick building as an example, the invention can use the earth, the surrounding sludge, or other potential resources as raw materials, mix, pour, foam in situ, and obtain light noise-reducing and flame-proof light material with light weight and energy transmission barrier.
Like the different effect achievements listed in the embodiments of tables 1 to 5, the invention uses the argillaceous addition rate and the liquid-solid ratio as main proportioning control factors, and uses secondary indexes such as foaming agent addition, silicon-sodium molar ratio, alkali equivalent and the like as auxiliary indexes, and controls low, medium and high porosity according to different application requirements, thereby achieving the multifunctional application functions of impact energy dissipation and the like of brick wall structures, low-permeability members, light noise reduction floor slabs, side slope rockfall or road guardrails.
The above description is only exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any equivalent modifications or variations thereof without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A multifunctional inorganic polymeric soil brick comprising:
the mixed material comprises powder, fly ash and argillaceous substances; and
an alkali solution comprising an alkali metal silicate and an alkali metal hydroxide solution,
wherein the argillaceous substance is settled mud, sludge, common mud, waste mud, sand and stone dust or any combination thereof, and the addition rate of the argillaceous substance is between 5% and 80%.
2. The multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick according to claim 1, wherein the liquid-solid ratio is 0.2 to 0.7.
3. The multifunctional inorganic polymeric clay brick of claim 1, wherein the porosity is between 10% and 60%.
4. The multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick according to claim 1, wherein the silica-to-sodium molar ratio is 0.5 to 2.5.
5. The multifunctional inorganic polymeric clay brick of claim 1 wherein the alkali equivalent weight is between 1% and 15%.
6. The multifunctional inorganic polymer soil brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the powder is bottom slag, furnace slag, water quenched blast furnace stone powder, air cooled blast furnace stone powder, oxidized slag, reduced slag or any combination thereof.
7. The multifunctional inorganic polymeric clay brick of claim 1, wherein the fly ash is incineration fly ash, coal-fired fly ash, class C fly ash, class F fly ash or a mixture thereof in any ratio.
8. The multifunctional inorganic polymer clay brick according to claim 1, wherein the alkali metal hydroxide is an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
9. The multifunctional inorganic polymeric soil brick of claim 1 further comprising an additive, wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of a surfactant, a foaming agent, an air transport agent, a lightweight aggregate, a fiber, a plastic, a colorant, or any combination thereof, as desired.
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