CN114056585A - 飞行器进气口内壁及相关飞行器短舱、推进单元和飞行器 - Google Patents

飞行器进气口内壁及相关飞行器短舱、推进单元和飞行器 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN114056585A
CN114056585A CN202110854398.5A CN202110854398A CN114056585A CN 114056585 A CN114056585 A CN 114056585A CN 202110854398 A CN202110854398 A CN 202110854398A CN 114056585 A CN114056585 A CN 114056585A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
air intake
aircraft
strip
layer
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202110854398.5A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
A·波特
J·拉兰纳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Operations SAS
Original Assignee
Airbus Operations SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Operations SAS filed Critical Airbus Operations SAS
Publication of CN114056585A publication Critical patent/CN114056585A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D29/00—Power-plant nacelles, fairings, or cowlings
    • B64D29/06—Attaching of nacelles, fairings or cowlings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/04—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B32B1/08—Tubular products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/02—Layer formed of wires, e.g. mesh
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/281—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyimides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/285—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyethers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/04—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by at least one layer folded at the edge, e.g. over another layer ; characterised by at least one layer enveloping or enclosing a material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/06—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions for securing layers together; for attaching the product to another member, e.g. to a support, or to another product, e.g. groove/tongue, interlocking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/14—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a face layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D33/00—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for
    • B64D33/02—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of combustion air intakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/04—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/045—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants having provisions for noise suppression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/78—Other construction of jet pipes
    • F02K1/82—Jet pipe walls, e.g. liners
    • F02K1/827—Sound absorbing structures or liners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/103—Metal fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/18—Aircraft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D33/00—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for
    • B64D33/02—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of combustion air intakes
    • B64D2033/0206—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of combustion air intakes comprising noise reduction means, e.g. acoustic liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
    • F05D2220/323—Application in turbines in gas turbines for aircraft propulsion, e.g. jet engines

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种飞行器进气口内壁，其包括配置为允许声波通过的阻性表层和配置为对声波进行阻尼的蜂窝芯，其特征在于，阻性表层由沿轨道方向的一系列声学材料条(2)构成，条(2)具有在纵向方向上的长度、在横向方向上的宽度、厚度和轴向端部(20，21)。在条的轴向端部中的至少一个轴向端部(20)处，在条的长度的端部部分(4)，材料条在基本横向的平面中被折叠。本发明还涉及包括具有前述飞行器进气口内壁的进气口的飞行器短舱、包括短舱的飞行器推进单元和包括推进单元的飞行器。根据本发明的具有一体式紧固凸缘的阻性表层条允许在进气口管道的至少一个端部处免除使用先前已知的护罩。

Description

飞行器进气口内壁及相关飞行器短舱、推进单元和飞行器
技术领域
本申请涉及条形声学材料和由这种材料制造的阻性表层。本发明更具体地应用于制造飞行器短舱的进气口内壁。本发明还涉及包括具有前述飞行器进气口内壁的进气口的飞行器短舱、包括短舱的飞行器推进单元和包括推进单元的飞行器。
背景技术
将回想的是，飞行器短舱从前到后包括第一部分、第二部分和第三部分，第一部分在气动流的上游方向并且称为进气口，第二部分遮盖发动机风扇的壳体并且称为风扇整流罩，第三部分通常具有在气动流的下游方向上包围发动机涡轮本体的推力反向区域。
进气口(比如附图2中所展示的进气口)通常包括结构元件(比如前框架101和后框架104)，并且从短舱的前部到后部包括唇缘100、外面板102和内壁103，外面板在短舱的外侧延续唇缘(并形成进气口的外壁)，内壁在短舱的内侧延续唇缘并界定用于在发动机的方向上引导空气的中央管道，外面板和内壁被前框架101和后框架104支撑。
进气口的形状及配备其的系统需要可以避免冰或霜的形成和/或积聚，以确保气动功能、防止鸟类侵入容纳发动机系统的风扇舱、并限制噪声的影响。为了满足最后一个目标，内壁103是声学处理壁，其通常包括：
-穿孔或微穿孔的阻性表层，其形成壁的可见面(朝向进气口的中央管道的内侧定向的面)；这种阻性表层的目的是允许声波通过，并可能还至少部分地以热的形式消散所述声波的能量，
-后表层，其基本上具有确保壁的结构完整性的功能，
-蜂窝状阻尼芯，通常为蜂窝结构，阻性表层和后表层紧固在阻尼芯的两侧，所述芯涉及机械完整性和声学阻尼二者，芯的主要功能是捕获声波并对其阻尼。
存在两种主要技术来制造进气口的内壁的阻性表层并形成这种壁。
根据第一种技术，进气口的内壁的阻性表层由多个(例如四至十个)刚性面板构成，这些刚性面板对应于如图2所展示的进气口的中央管道的角扇区。这些扇区的阻性表层是通过模制和悬垂获得的刚性壳。
考虑到扇区的尺寸和进气口的管道的形状，用于制造包括多个扇区的阻性表层所需的工装复杂且昂贵。而且尤其是，除了被紧固到前框架101和后框架104，不同的扇区还必须借助鱼尾板紧固在一起，鱼尾板对阻力具有不可忽略的负面影响。
为了降低生产成本并消除鱼尾板，已经提出了第二种技术，该技术包括借助并排布置在管道四周的(沿轨道方向)连续的纵向条制造进气口的内壁的阻性表层。每个表层条的前端紧固到形成圆形凸缘的前护罩，这使得可以将获得的管道紧固到进气口的前框架；类似地，每个表层条的后端紧固到形成圆形凸缘的后护罩，以将获得的管道紧固到进气口的后框架。此外，这些条沿着它们的纵向边缘焊接在一起，以在管道的整个外周周围形成连续的表层。
已知的阻性表层条可以以千米为单位以低成本制造，并且其组装使得可以赋予管道期望的形状。它们不需要任何鱼尾板，并且不会引起阻力。因此，此第二种技术是有利的。
然而，使用前护罩和后护罩显示出缺点，条的端部紧固到前护罩和后护罩。从包含进气口的中心轴线的纵向平面的截面观察，后护罩具有支架的形状，该支架具有第一支腿和第二支腿，第一支腿包含在横向平面中(此第一支腿形成用于将管道紧固到后框架的凸缘)，条的后端搁置在第二支腿上并且这些条被紧固到第二支腿，此第二支腿基本上在纵向方向上围绕管道的整个外周延伸。在第二支腿的宽度(纵向方向的尺寸)上，阻性表层中的穿孔被支腿挡住，无法进行声学处理。前护罩和后护罩未设置阻尼芯(蜂窝)。这些护罩的存在对于将阻性表层的条紧固到进气口的前框架和后框架是必需的，因此减少了声学处理(在进气口的纵向方向上)的长度，此外还增加了进气口的质量。
发明内容
本发明旨在通过提出一种用于制造进气口的内壁的新声学材料来弥补这些缺点，该材料在工业规模上易于以低成本生产，并且可以制造具有增加的声学处理长度的进气口内壁。本发明扩展到一种用于制造进气口的内壁的新方法，该方法特别简单并且产生具有减小的质量和增强的声学性能的进气口。
为此，本发明提出了一种用于制造飞行器短舱进气口内壁的阻性表层的条形声学材料，所述条具有在纵向方向上的长度、在横向方向上的宽度、厚度和轴向端部。根据本发明的材料的特征在于，在条的轴向端部中的至少一个轴向端部处，在其长度的端部部分，材料条在基本横向的平面中被折叠。
本发明扩展到一种飞行器进气口内壁，其包括被配置为允许声波通过的阻性表层和被配置为对所述声波进行阻尼的蜂窝芯，其特征在于：
-阻性表层由根据本发明的条构成，换言之，阻性表层由沿轨道方向的纵向延伸的一系列声学材料条构成，每个声学材料条在声学材料条的长度上的端部部分在其轴向端部中的至少一个轴向端部处朝向进气口的外侧在横向平面中被折叠，声学材料条的折叠端部部分形成用于将进气口内壁的阻性表层紧固到进气口的框架的后凸缘或前凸缘，
-蜂窝芯纵向延伸远至所述后凸缘或前凸缘。
换言之，本发明提出具有一体式紧固凸缘的阻性表层条。此特征并没有防止以千米为单位以低成本制造这些条。然而，一体式紧固凸缘的存在确实使得可以在进气口的管道的至少一个端部处免除使用先前已知的护罩。在管道的这一端部处，现在可以将声学壁的蜂窝芯提供为延伸远至紧固凸缘。因此获得的进气管道具有增加的声学处理长度。
根据本发明的一个可能特征，每个阻性表层条在其每个轴向端部处具有折叠端部部分。因此，在根据本发明的进气口中，用于构成内壁的阻性表层的条的折叠端部部分形成了用于将进气口的内壁的阻性表层紧固到进气口的后框架的后凸缘和用于将进气口的内壁的阻性表层紧固到进气口的前框架的前凸缘。
根据一个可能特征，根据本发明的条形声学材料在条的厚度方向上依次包括：
-由纤维增强聚合物制成的第一层，所述第一层具有穿孔或微穿孔，
-由金属织物(或丝网)或薄金属片或热塑性材料制成的薄片构成的第二层。
第二层可以具有优选地在0.05mm和0.2mm之间的小厚度。
第一层和第二层可以位于进气口的内管道侧或与气动流接触。如果第一层旨在形成进气口的阻性表层的气动面(并且第二层旨在形成此阻性表层的内面)，则折叠端部部分在与第一层相反的一侧被折叠。反过来也是可能的(则气动面是第二层，并且折叠端部部分在与第二层相反的一侧被折叠)。或者，换句话说，折叠端部部分在与第一层相同的一侧被折叠。
根据一个可能特征，除了上述两层之外，根据本发明的条形材料包括由纤维增强聚合物制成的带形成的第三层，所述带在条的横向方向上彼此间隔开以形成纵向增强城垛结构，第一层面对形成第三层的带不具有穿孔或微穿孔。
根据一个可能特征，条的第一层在其折叠端部部分中不具有穿孔或微穿孔。
在此实施例中，可以提供的是，折叠端部部分不具有第三层。换句话说，在借助这种条制造内壁的进气口中，纵向增强城垛结构端靠着由条的折叠端部部分形成的紧固凸缘。
根据一个可能特征，构成所述内壁的阻性表层的声学材料条各自包括：
-形成所述进气口内壁的可见面的第一层，所述第一层由纤维增强聚合物制成，所述第一层被穿孔或微穿孔，
-第二层，所述第二层由金属织物构成，
-第三层，所述第三层由纤维增强聚合物制成的带形成，所述带主要在所述材料条的纵向方向上延伸并且在所述条的横向方向上彼此间隔开，所述带因此形成纵向增强城垛结构，所述第一层面对所述带不具有穿孔或微穿孔。条的折叠端部部分在第一层中不具有穿孔或微穿孔并且不具有第三层。
本发明扩展到一种包括具有根据本发明的内壁的进气口的飞行器短舱。它还扩展到一种配备有这种短舱的推进单元，以及一种包括至少一个以这种方式配备的推进单元的飞行器。
根据一个可能特征，根据本发明的条形材料在其每个纵向边缘处具有压接部(soyage)，使得更容易组装在进气口的轨道方向上彼此续接的两个条。压接部可以延续到条的折叠端部部分中，即在进气口的径向方向上。
附图说明
根据一个示例性实施例，参考附图，在阅读以完全非限制性指示的方式给出的以下详细描述后将更好地理解本发明，并且其优点将变得更加清楚明显，在附图中：
图1是飞行器的透视图。
图2是现有技术进气口的分解透视图。
图3是根据本发明的材料条的第一实施例的俯视图。
图4是图3中的材料条的轮廓视图。
图5是根据本发明的材料条的第二实施例的俯视图。
上述附图中所示的相同元件由相同的附图标记标识。
具体实施方式
图1示出了双引擎飞行器，其两个短舱200具有进气口，进气口能够配备有由根据本发明的材料条生产的阻性表层。
图3和图4示出了根据本发明的材料条的第一实施例。该材料呈条2的形式，在该示例中，条是多层条，包括由纤维增强聚合物制成的第一层6，即嵌入到聚合树脂中的纤维层。纤维可以选自碳纤维、玻璃纤维、凯夫拉(Kevlar)纤维等，而聚合物可以选自热塑性树脂，比如聚醚醚酮(PEEK)家族的树脂和聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)家族的树脂。
此第一层6在材料条的整个表面区域上延伸；它决定了所述条的正面尺寸(宽度和长度)。第一层6还形成条的第一正面22，第一正面旨在成为飞行器进气口内壁的可见面并与气动流接触。
第一层6具有微穿孔60，这些微穿孔在示例中(在俯视图中)是长形的、矩形的并且主要在条的纵向方向上延伸。以展示的方式，这些微穿孔具有在0.15mm和0.5mm之间、优选地在0.3mm和0.4mm之间的宽度以及在2mm和12mm之间、优选地在3mm和5mm之间的长度。
材料条2还包括金属织物8，金属织物形成完全覆盖第一层的第二层。此第二层有助于(特别是通过热消散)对声波进行阻尼，因此可以通过限制第一层中所需的穿孔来减少阻力。有利地选择第一层6中穿孔的尺寸和金属织物8的特性(丝径、网尺寸等)，使得组装的两个第一层的开口面积比(OAR)为大约22-23％，OAR为开口面积(穿孔的总表面积)和条的不包括折叠部分的表面之间的比率，也就是说每单位表层表面(不包括折叠部分)的开口面积(穿孔的表面面积)的百分比。
最后，条包括由带10构成的第三层，这些带在条的第二正面23上形成纵向增强城垛结构。这些带10优选地由纤维增强聚合物制成，聚合物的纤维和聚合物树脂选自上面关于第一层6列出的家族。因此，带10例如由浸渍有PEI树脂的碳纤维制成。作为变型，带可以是金属的，例如由钛或不锈钢制成。它们也可以覆盖有促进它们与第二层8和/或第一层6的粘附的表面涂层。
第一层6和第三层可以由相同的纤维增强聚合物制成，聚合物具有在相同的方向上延伸的纤维。
作为变型，第一层6的纤维基本上在条的纵向方向上定向，以接收条(或进气口的内壁)所承受的轴向载荷，而第三层的纤维在条的横向方向上定向，以接收进气口内壁所承受的轨道载荷和径向载荷。
优选地，第一层6面对增强带10不具有微穿孔60。这是因为在条对面提供孔在声学方面没有效果(孔被带阻挡)并且因此将不必要地添加阻力。
根据本发明，材料条2在其至少一个端部(在这种情况下为端部20)具有在横向平面中折叠的端部部分4。在所展示的示例中，条的另一端部21没有被折叠，但是也可以在此端部提供折叠部分。
优选地，如所展示的，金属织物8沿着条2的整个长度(包括折叠端部部分4)完全覆盖第一层6，以加强第一层(以及在条被组装以形成进气口内壁时获得的紧固凸缘)。作为变型，可以选择用金属织物覆盖除了折叠端部部分4之外的第一层。
相比之下，优选地，第三层(增强带10)不覆盖折叠端部部分4，以便更容易折叠这部分。
图5展示了根据本发明的材料条的第二实施例。此条2'与条2的不同之处仅在于，在材料方面可以与上述第一层6类似的第一层7设置有例如矩形或椭圆形的长形穿孔70，而不是微穿孔60。这些长形穿孔有利地具有在1mm和3mm之间、优选地在1.5mm和2mm之间的宽度以及在10mm和40mm之间、优选地在20mm和30mm之间的长度。在此，面对带10在第一层7中也没有设置穿孔。
此第二实施例的轮廓视图与第一实施例的轮廓视图相同，因此可以在图4中看到。
这种条形材料可以容易地以千米为单位生产。
为此，例如：
-使用：
·第一纤维增强聚合物条带，其对应于第一层，被包装为第一卷；
“第二”金属织物条带，其被包装为第二卷，第一条带和第二条带具有相同的宽度，该宽度对应于要制造的条的宽度；
·“第三”纤维增强聚合物条带，其对应于第三层，被包装为第三卷，其宽度对应于三个带10的宽度，
-在第二条带和第一条带展开时，第二条带被压到第一条带上，然后在第一超声焊接站中，当第二条带和第一条带行进时，两个叠置的条带沿着它们的整个宽度固定在一起；
-第三条带在展开时穿过切割站以便被切割成带，行进的带在第一超声焊接站出口处被定位在行进的第一条带上；
-整体穿过包括三个超声波发生器的第二超声焊接站，以将三个带10固定到第二条带；
-以规则的间隔，停止第三条带的前进，以允许制造一定长度的条，该长度与不具有增强带10的折叠端部部分4的长度相对应，在条的不具有带的两个部分之间产生的设有带的部分的长度与进气口的管道长度相对应。
然后在带的一个端部(例如在条带的行进方向上在带的上游端)将获得的千米长的带切割成个体条。
如果期望产生具有两个折叠端部部分的个体材料条，则在千米长的条中提供两倍长的不具有带的部分并且在不具有带的这些部分中的每个部分的中间切割千米长的条，这就足够了。
每个个体条然后在与分别具有带10和不具有带的部分之间的接合部相对应的折叠线处折叠。
为了生产进气口的内壁，并排布置的材料条2被组装在模具中，该模具具有要制造的进气管道的角扇区的形状。沿轨道方向的两个相继条的相邻纵向边缘借助超声波发生器被焊接在一起，包括在它们的折叠端部部分4处。重复该操作以形成管道的整个外周。然后，所有组装的条的折叠端部部分形成了在横向平面(与进气口的中心轴线正交)中延伸的圆形凸缘，从而可以将管道固定到进气口的框架。
应当注意的是，在进气口的内壁中，每个条在其折叠端部部分与条的主要部分(其余部分)所形成的角在折叠部处不一定是直角。具体地，在内壁的制造期间(或之前)，每个条的主要部分(其在附图中是平坦的)被成形为在条的纵向方向上(也就是说沿着进气口的X轴)具有一个或多个曲线。然而，所有使用的条都展现出相同的角度，以便在条被组装时，折叠端部部分4位于同一个平面(横向平面，即，与进气口的X轴正交的平面)中。
本发明不限于这些示例并且扩展到落入所附权利要求范围内的所有变型。因此，例如，条形材料不一定由上述三层构成。

Claims (10)

1.一种飞行器进气口内壁，包括被配置为允许声波通过的阻性表层和被配置为对所述声波进行阻尼的蜂窝芯，其特征在于，所述阻性表层由沿轨道方向的一系列声学材料条(2)构成，每个声学材料条(2)具有在纵向方向上的长度、在横向方向上的宽度、厚度和轴向端部(20，21)，每个声学材料条(2)在声学材料条的长度上的端部部分(4)在声学材料条的轴向端部中的至少一个轴向端部(20)处被折叠在横向平面中，所述声学材料条的折叠的端部部分(4)形成用于将所述飞行器进气口内壁的阻性表层紧固到进气口的框架的后凸缘或前凸缘。
2.根据权利要求1所述的飞行器进气口内壁，其特征在于，构成所述阻性表层的声学材料条(2)在它们的每个轴向端部(20，21)处被折叠在横向平面中，所述声学材料条的折叠的端部部分(4)同时形成用于将所述飞行器进气口内壁的阻性表层紧固到所述进气口的后框架(104)的后凸缘和用于将所述飞行器进气口内壁的阻性表层紧固到所述进气口的前框架(101)的前凸缘。
3.根据权利要求1和2中任一项所述的飞行器进气口内壁，其特征在于，声学材料在所述声学材料条(2)的厚度方向上依次包括：
-由纤维增强聚合物制成的第一层(6)，所述第一层被穿孔或微穿孔，
-由金属织物构成、或由薄金属片或热塑性材料制成的薄片构成的第二层(8)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的飞行器进气口内壁，其特征在于，构成所述飞行器进气口内壁的阻性表层的声学材料条(2)各自包括：
-形成所述飞行器进气口内壁的可见面的第一层(6)，形成可见面的第一层由纤维增强聚合物制成，形成可见面的第一层被穿孔或微穿孔，
-由金属织物构成的第二层(8)，
-第三层，所述第三层由纤维增强聚合物制成的带(10)形成，所述带主要在所述声学材料条的纵向方向上延伸并且在所述声学材料条的横向方向上彼此间隔开，所述带(10)因此形成纵向增强城垛结构，所述第一层(6)面对所述带不具有穿孔(70)或微穿孔(60)，
并且所述声学材料条的折叠的端部部分(4)在所述第一层(6)中不具有穿孔(70)或微穿孔(60)并且不具有第三层(10)。
5.根据权利要求3和4中任一项所述的飞行器进气口内壁，其特征在于，所述折叠的端部部分(4)在与所述第一层(6)相反的一侧被折叠。
6.根据权利要求3和4中任一项所述的飞行器进气口内壁，其特征在于，所述折叠的端部部分(4)在与所述第一层(6)相同的一侧被折叠。
7.根据权利要求3至6中任一项所述的飞行器进气口内壁，其特征在于，所述声学材料条的第一层(6)在其折叠的端部部分(4)不具有穿孔(70)或微穿孔(60)。
8.一种飞行器短舱，其特征在于，飞行器短舱包括具有根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的飞行器进气口内壁的进气口。
9.一种飞行器推进单元，其特征在于，飞行器推进单元包括根据权利要求8所述的飞行器短舱。
10.一种飞行器，其特征在于，飞行器包括至少一个根据权利要求9所述的飞行器推进单元。
CN202110854398.5A 2020-07-31 2021-07-28 飞行器进气口内壁及相关飞行器短舱、推进单元和飞行器 Pending CN114056585A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2008163 2020-07-31
FR2008163A FR3113170A1 (fr) 2020-07-31 2020-07-31 Matériau acoustique en bande à bride intégrée, et paroi interne d’une entrée d’air d’aéronef réalisée avec ce matériau

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114056585A true CN114056585A (zh) 2022-02-18

Family

ID=73643023

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110854398.5A Pending CN114056585A (zh) 2020-07-31 2021-07-28 飞行器进气口内壁及相关飞行器短舱、推进单元和飞行器

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3945518B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN114056585A (zh)
FR (1) FR3113170A1 (zh)

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8713619U1 (de) * 1987-10-10 1989-02-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Schalldämmendes Abdeckelement
GB2301552B (en) * 1995-05-31 1999-03-10 Instafibre Ltd A soundproofed flight of stairs and a method of soundproofing a flight of stairs
WO1998056573A1 (en) * 1997-06-09 1998-12-17 Atd Corporation Shaped multilayer metal foil shield structures and method of making
FR2844304B1 (fr) * 2002-09-10 2004-12-10 Airbus France Couche acoustiquement resistive pour panneau d'attenuation acoustique, panneau utilisant une telle couche
GB2407344B (en) * 2003-10-22 2006-02-22 Rolls Royce Plc A liner for a gas turbine engine casing
US7784165B2 (en) * 2006-04-19 2010-08-31 Material Science Corporation Method of forming a panel constrained layer damper treatment
KR101039348B1 (ko) * 2009-04-22 2011-06-13 남유정 피아노 소음 흡수시트
GB201021265D0 (en) * 2010-12-15 2011-01-26 Rolls Royce Plc An acoustic liner
US9168716B2 (en) * 2012-09-14 2015-10-27 The Boeing Company Metallic sandwich structure having small bend radius
FR3083777B1 (fr) * 2018-07-10 2021-03-05 Airbus Operations Sas Entree d'air, nacelle et ensemble propulsif d'aeronef a secteurs monoblocs
US11524770B2 (en) * 2018-09-28 2022-12-13 Rohr, Inc. Active laminar flow control plenum panel arrangements and installation methods
FR3086786B1 (fr) * 2018-10-01 2020-12-18 Airbus Operations Sas Procede de fabrication d'une peau acoustique degivrante pour panneau acoustique d'aeronef, utilisant un dispositif d'ecartement de fibres

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3945518B1 (fr) 2024-02-28
US20220034260A1 (en) 2022-02-03
FR3113170A1 (fr) 2022-02-04
EP3945518A1 (fr) 2022-02-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3276152B1 (en) Engine housing comprising a liner assembly and methods of assembling a liner assembly
JP5177587B2 (ja) 耐久性消音構造体の作成方式、それによる耐久性消音構造およびこの種の構造を利用する被覆材
US8757958B2 (en) Composite fan containment case
JP5500453B2 (ja) 熱風の排出手段を含む航空機のナセル
JP3636722B2 (ja) 航空機ファンの容体構造固定方法
US5768778A (en) One-piece engine inlet acoustic barrel
EP3268550B1 (en) Acoustic liners for use in a turbine engine
US7255528B2 (en) Liner for a gas turbine engine casing
EP0352993B1 (en) Noise attenuation panel
EP2690273B1 (en) Panel for a nacelle strucure
RU2422331C2 (ru) Секция кромки воздухозаборника гондолы с электрической защитой от обледенения, имеющая зону звукопоглощения
EP3594127B1 (en) Active laminar flow control system with composite panel
US20180162542A1 (en) Liner assembly, engine housing, and methods of assembling the same
GB2090334A (en) Damping flutter of ducted fans
JP2011506852A5 (zh)
EP3625439B1 (en) Outlet guide vanes
EP2938540B1 (en) Nacelle for aircraft, provided with a built-in system for anti-icing protection and acoustic absorption
US11649063B2 (en) Acoustic panel for an aircraft nacelle air inlet with castellated resistive skin, propulsion unit and aircraft fitted with such acoustic panels
CN114056585A (zh) 飞行器进气口内壁及相关飞行器短舱、推进单元和飞行器
EP3182028A1 (en) Air supply duct with honeycomb acoustic liner
US12134982B2 (en) Strip-form acoustic material having an integrated flange, and internal wall of an aircraft air intake made with this material
CN101636575A (zh) 一种消音衬垫的实施方法及用此方法获得的衬垫
CN114537684A (zh) 抵抗性蒙皮壳、进气口内壁、短舱、推进组件和飞行器
EP4045410B1 (en) Aircraft nacelle inlet
US20200223158A1 (en) Method For Producing An Acoustically Resistive Structure, Acoustically Resistive Structure Thus Obtained, And Sound-Absorption Panel Comprising Said Acoustically Resistive Structure

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination