CN114054795A - High-precision deep hole machining method based on turning center - Google Patents
High-precision deep hole machining method based on turning center Download PDFInfo
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- CN114054795A CN114054795A CN202111553849.8A CN202111553849A CN114054795A CN 114054795 A CN114054795 A CN 114054795A CN 202111553849 A CN202111553849 A CN 202111553849A CN 114054795 A CN114054795 A CN 114054795A
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- deep hole
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- reamer
- turning center
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B35/00—Methods for boring or drilling, or for working essentially requiring the use of boring or drilling machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B41/00—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
- B23B41/02—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for boring deep holes; Trepanning, e.g. of gun or rifle barrels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D75/00—Reaming machines or reaming devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Milling, Broaching, Filing, Reaming, And Others (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to high-precision deep hole machining, in particular to a turning center-based high-precision deep hole machining method. A high-precision deep hole machining method based on a turning center comprises the following steps: (1) calibrating a workpiece, and clamping the calibrated workpiece on a machine tool; (2) processing a fabrication hole at the end part of the workpiece for guiding the deep hole expanding drill; (3) clamping a deep hole expanding drill on a machine tool, calling a program to drive a workpiece to rotate, and feeding the deep hole expanding drill along the axial direction to expand the hole; (4) after hole expansion is completed, the deep hole reamer is clamped on a machine tool, a calling program is used for driving a workpiece to rotate, and the deep hole reamer feeds along the axial direction, so that high-precision deep hole machining is completed. The invention has the following advantages: 1. the equipment cost can be greatly reduced on the premise of ensuring the quality, the investment of fixed assets of enterprises is reduced, and the development trend of flexible production is more conformed; 2. compared with the traditional deep hole drilling and boring machining, the high-precision deep hole drilling and boring machining method has the advantage that the applicability of the high-precision deep hole machining is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to high-precision deep hole machining, in particular to a turning center-based high-precision deep hole machining method.
Background
Piston rod type parts with high-precision deep hole characteristics often appear in functional hydraulic accessories of slender structures such as airplane ejection devices, inner cavity rod type actuating cylinders and the like, the length-diameter ratio of the piston rod type parts is often more than 20, the hole precision is about 8 grades, and the piston rod type parts belong to typical difficult-to-machine characteristics. For the machining of the high-precision deep hole, the traditional method is to sequentially realize drilling, reaming and finish reaming on a deep hole drilling and boring machine by using a customized front guide push-pull reamer and a customized rear guide push-pull reamer. The method needs to correspondingly customize a whole set of push-pull reaming tools according to the size of the precise deep hole, wherein the push-pull reaming tools comprise a drill bit, a reamer with a guide function, reamers, hollow thimbles with various specifications and the like. The traditional processing method has higher process preparation cost, is only suitable for manufacturing large-batch products with stable design state, and is not suitable for producing small-batch and diversified products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a high-precision deep hole machining method based on a turning center, so that the problem of high preparation cost of a high-precision deep hole machining process can be solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a high-precision deep hole machining method based on a turning center comprises the following steps:
(1) calibrating a workpiece, and clamping the calibrated workpiece on a machine tool;
(2) processing a fabrication hole at the end part of the workpiece for guiding the deep hole expanding drill;
(3) clamping a deep hole expanding drill on a machine tool, calling a program to drive a workpiece to rotate, and feeding the deep hole expanding drill along the axial direction to expand the hole;
(4) after hole expansion is completed, the deep hole reamer is clamped on a machine tool, a calling program is used for driving a workpiece to rotate, and the deep hole reamer feeds along the axial direction, so that high-precision deep hole machining is completed.
Preferably, in the step (2), the aperture of the process hole is 0.1 mm-0.2 mm smaller than the diameter of the deep hole expanding drill.
Preferably, in the step (3), a plurality of positioning strips are embedded on the deep hole reaming drill cutter body, the positioning strips are arranged around the circumference of the deep hole reaming drill cutter body, and the length direction of the positioning strips is consistent with the length direction of the deep hole reaming drill cutter body.
Preferably, the size of the outer circle of the positioning strip is the same as that of the outer circle of the deep hole reamer.
Preferably, in the step (4), a plurality of positioning strips are embedded on the deep hole reamer body, the positioning strips are arranged around the circumference of the deep hole reamer body, and the length direction of the positioning strips is consistent with the length direction of the deep hole reamer body.
Preferably, the size of the outer circle of the positioning strip is the same as that of the deep hole reamer.
Preferably, the material of the positioning strip is wear-resistant metal, and the outer edge of the positioning strip is in smooth transition.
Preferably, the number of the positioning strips is multiple groups, and the positioning strips are distributed along the length directions of the deep hole reamer cutter body and the deep hole reamer cutter body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the equipment cost can be greatly reduced on the premise of ensuring the quality, the investment of fixed assets of enterprises is reduced, and the development trend of flexible production is more conformed;
2. compared with the traditional deep hole drilling and boring machining, the high-precision deep hole drilling and boring machining method has the advantage that the applicability of the high-precision deep hole machining is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a processing structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a deep hole reamer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of B-B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a deep hole reamer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view A-A of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of B-B of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a workpiece to be machined (after machining a process hole) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the deep hole reamer/deep hole reamer with respect to the workpiece to be machined according to the embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a machine tool main shaft; 2. a center frame; 3. a workpiece to be processed; 4. processing a cutter; 4-1-1, cutting edge of deep hole expanding drill; 4-1-2, positioning strips; 4-1-3, a deep hole expanding drill cutter body; 4-1-4, a deep hole expanding drill clamping handle; 4-2-1, deep hole reamer cutting edge; 4-2-2, positioning strips; 4-2-3, a deep hole reamer body; 4-2-4, a deep hole reamer clamping handle; 5. a tool holding end; 6. and (5) processing holes.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the terms "left", "right", etc. are used for describing the drawings and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying figures 1-9: a high-precision deep hole machining method based on a turning center comprises the following steps:
(1) calibrating a workpiece, and clamping the calibrated workpiece on a machine tool;
(2) processing a fabrication hole at the end part of the workpiece for guiding the deep hole expanding drill;
(3) clamping a deep hole expanding drill on a machine tool, calling a program to drive a workpiece to rotate, and feeding the deep hole expanding drill along the axial direction to expand the hole;
(4) after hole expansion is completed, the deep hole reamer is clamped on a machine tool, a calling program is used for driving a workpiece to rotate, and the deep hole reamer feeds along the axial direction, so that high-precision deep hole machining is completed.
In this embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) after a workpiece 3 to be processed is calibrated, the workpiece is clamped on a machine tool spindle 1 by a method of three-jaw clamping and center frame 2 fixing, as shown in figure 1;
(2) before reaming, an inner hole turning mode is adopted to machine a section of guiding process hole 6 for guiding the reamer, wherein the diameter of the process hole is 0.1 mm-0.2 mm smaller than the diameter of the reamer, as shown in fig. 8;
(3) the special deep hole expanding drill is clamped on a cutter clamping end 5 of a machine tool, a program is called to drive a workpiece 3 to be machined to rotate, the deep hole expanding drill is fed axially, the working state of the deep hole expanding drill is shown in figure 9, the deep hole expanding drill is guided through a process hole 6, the deviation caused by equipment jumping can be effectively reduced, when the deep hole is expanded to a position 4-1-2, the positioning strip can effectively play a role in guiding, positioning and vibration prevention, and the straightness and precision of expanding are guaranteed;
(4) as shown in fig. 1, a special deep hole reamer is clamped on a clamping end 5 of a machine tool, a calling program drives a workpiece 3 to be machined to rotate, the deep hole reamer feeds along the axial direction to complete high-precision deep hole machining, the working state of the deep hole reamer is as shown in fig. 9, a hole which is reamed can play a good role in guiding, and the positioning strip 4-2-2 can further ensure the straightness and precision of reaming.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2-4, the deep-hole reamer comprises, from left to right, a deep-hole reamer blade 4-1-1, a positioning strip 4-1-2, a deep-hole reamer blade body 4-1-3, and a deep-hole reamer clamping handle 4-1-4; in this embodiment, the reamer blade 4-1-1 is a three-edged blade, the cross-section of which is shown in FIG. 3; two groups of positioning strips 4-1-2 are embedded on a cutter body 4-1-3 of the deep hole expanding drill and are distributed left and right, specifically: six grooves are formed on the circumference of the cutter body 4-1-3 of the deep hole expanding drill, the grooves are uniformly distributed and concentric, the length direction of the grooves is consistent with that of the cutter body of the deep hole expanding drill, and the positioning strips 4-1-2 are embedded in the grooves, as shown in fig. 4; the deep hole expanding drill clamping handle 4-1-4 is the other end of the deep hole expanding drill opposite to the deep hole expanding drill cutting edge 4-1-1, and is matched with a cutter clamping end 5 (a cutter tower, a cutter rest and the like).
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5-7, the deep hole reamer comprises, from left to right, a deep hole reamer blade 4-2-1, a positioning strip 4-2-2, a deep hole reamer body 4-2-3, and a deep hole reamer clamping handle 4-2-4; in the present embodiment, the deep hole reamer blade 4-2-1 has six blades, and the cross section thereof is shown in fig. 6; two groups of positioning strips 4-2-2 are embedded on the deep hole reamer body 4-2-3 and are distributed left and right, specifically: six grooves are formed on the circumference of the cutter body 4-2-3 of the deep hole reamer, the grooves are uniformly distributed and concentric, the length direction of the grooves is consistent with the length direction of the cutter body of the deep hole reamer, and the positioning strips 4-2-2 are embedded in the grooves, as shown in fig. 7; the deep hole reamer clamping handle 4-2-4 is the other end of the deep hole reamer opposite to the deep hole reamer cutting edge 4-2-1, and is matched with a cutter clamping end 5 (a cutter tower, a cutter rest and the like).
As a preferred embodiment of the embodiment, the sizes of the outer circles of the positioning strips 4-1-2 and the positioning strips 4-2-2 are required to be the same as the sizes of the outer circles of the deep hole reamer and the deep hole reamer respectively; meanwhile, the positioning strips need to be made of wear-resistant metal, and the peripheries need to be in smooth transition, so that the inner walls of the parts are prevented from being scratched in the machining process.
In addition, it should be noted that: before reaming, a bottom hole must be machined on a workpiece, but the requirement on the straightness of the bottom hole is not high, and holes can be drilled at two ends; according to different processing materials and different difficulty degrees of chip breaking, an internal cooling hole can be added in the middle of the special cutter, and a turning center with internal cooling is used for processing; if the material is difficult to break, the material can be fed for a certain distance, and then the cutter is withdrawn and fed again; as shown in fig. 1, if a turning center with a rotary tool turret is selected, an inner hole turning tool, a special expanding drill and a special deep hole reamer can be simultaneously mounted on the rotary tool turret, so that one-time clamping can be realized, and high-precision deep hole machining can be completed.
The above examples are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Any extensions, modifications, equivalents and the like of those skilled in the art without departing from the essence of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A high-precision deep hole machining method based on a turning center is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) calibrating a workpiece, and clamping the calibrated workpiece on a machine tool;
(2) processing a fabrication hole at the end part of the workpiece for guiding the deep hole expanding drill;
(3) clamping a deep hole expanding drill on a machine tool, calling a program to drive a workpiece to rotate, and feeding the deep hole expanding drill along the axial direction to expand the hole;
(4) after hole expansion is completed, the deep hole reamer is clamped on a machine tool, a calling program is used for driving a workpiece to rotate, and the deep hole reamer feeds along the axial direction, so that high-precision deep hole machining is completed.
2. The turning center-based high-precision deep hole machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the aperture of the process hole is 0.1 mm-0.2 mm smaller than the diameter of the deep hole expanding drill.
3. The turning center-based high-precision deep hole machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) embedding a plurality of positioning strips on the cutter body of the deep hole expanding drill, wherein the positioning strips are arranged around the circumference of the cutter body of the deep hole expanding drill, and the length direction of the positioning strips is consistent with that of the cutter body of the deep hole expanding drill.
4. The turning center-based high-precision deep hole machining method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the size of the excircle of the positioning strip is the same as that of the excircle of the deep hole expanding drill.
5. The turning center-based high-precision deep hole machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (4) embedding a plurality of positioning strips on the deep hole reamer cutter body, wherein the positioning strips are arranged around the circumference of the deep hole reamer cutter body, and the length direction of the positioning strips is consistent with that of the deep hole reamer cutter body.
6. The turning center-based high-precision deep hole machining method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the size of the outer circle of the positioning strip is the same as that of the deep-hole reamer.
7. The turning center-based high-precision deep hole machining method according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: the positioning strips are made of wear-resistant metal, and the outer edges of the positioning strips are in smooth transition.
8. The turning center-based high-precision deep hole machining method according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: the quantity of location strip is multiunit, along the length direction distribution of deep hole reamer cutter body, deep hole reamer cutter body.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111553849.8A CN114054795A (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | High-precision deep hole machining method based on turning center |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111553849.8A CN114054795A (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | High-precision deep hole machining method based on turning center |
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| CN114054795A true CN114054795A (en) | 2022-02-18 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115815961A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-03-21 | 株洲丰发精工实业有限公司 | Machining method for high-precision hole of gear support frame of aircraft engine |
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2021
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| CN115815961A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-03-21 | 株洲丰发精工实业有限公司 | Machining method for high-precision hole of gear support frame of aircraft engine |
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