CN114054656B - Extrusion forming method for special-shaped box body with large projection area - Google Patents
Extrusion forming method for special-shaped box body with large projection area Download PDFInfo
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- CN114054656B CN114054656B CN202111349012.1A CN202111349012A CN114054656B CN 114054656 B CN114054656 B CN 114054656B CN 202111349012 A CN202111349012 A CN 202111349012A CN 114054656 B CN114054656 B CN 114054656B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-projection-area extrusion forming method for a special-shaped box body, which comprises three times of forming, wherein the lower rated load of a laboratory extruder is overcome by adopting an extrusion mode of partial loading and diagonal staggered forming, left front and right rear cavities are formed firstly, left rear and right front cavities are formed again, and finally middle cavities are formed, and the cavities formed in each pass are staggered, so that the problem of uneven load caused by the traditional single-side concentrated forming or integral one-time forming is avoided, and the box body with complex cavities can be formed in limited passes. In addition, the invention adopts a mode of filling cushion blocks and rubber block groups to control the flow of metal. After each extrusion is completed, the cushion block with the same shape as the cushion block is placed into the corresponding cavity which is just extruded, when the compression amount of rubber reaches a certain degree, a layer of rubber block is pumped out, and then the male die continues to move, so that deformation of the extruded cavity in the extrusion process of the subsequent cavity is effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plastic processing and forming of metal materials, and particularly relates to an extrusion forming method of a special-shaped box body with a large projection area.
Background
Along with the continuous development of the industrial age, the special-shaped box body with light weight, integration and complexity gradually becomes the first choice of special equipment and large-scale complex components. The box body has the characteristics of complex structure, large size and the like, one of the forming difficulties of the member is that the special-shaped box body has more cavities, different volumes and uneven wall thicknesses of the cavity walls, and the larger cavity area can not be formed by one-time extrusion under the existing experimental conditions, wherein the forming load is the most important. The traditional large-size (with single side length exceeding 600mm and larger projection area) box body parts have complex and various structures and most of manufacturing modes of casting and cutting processing, and casting has the defects of non-compact casting structure, shrinkage cavity, bubbles, uneven grain thickness and the like, and the mechanical processing production efficiency is low, the raw material waste is serious, and the time and the labor are consumed; therefore, the second difficulty in forming the member is how to accurately control the flow direction of metal in the extrusion forming process of the special-shaped box body, so that the utilization rate of materials is improved. These methods have the disadvantage that it is difficult to meet the service requirements of the part.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an extrusion forming method for a special-shaped box body with a large projection area, which effectively solves the problems caused by the processing and manufacturing of the traditional box body structure, improves the formability of alloy, improves the comprehensive mechanical property of formed parts, greatly improves the material utilization rate and the production efficiency, saves energy and reduces emission.
To achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention is: an extrusion forming method of a special-shaped box body with a large projection area comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation before forming: the die comprises an upper die plate connected with an upper workbench of a press machine, a male die assembly detachably mounted on the upper die plate, a lower die plate connected with a lower workbench of the press machine, and a female die assembly detachably mounted on the lower die plate; the male die assembly comprises an upper backing plate, a left front male die, a left rear male die, a right front male die, a right rear male die, a middle male die, a left front filling block, a left rear filling block, a right front filling block, a right rear filling block, a middle filling block and a rubber block group; the lower part of the upper template is connected with the upper backing plate, and the lower part of the upper backing plate is provided with a left front mounting groove, a left rear mounting groove, a right front mounting groove, a right rear mounting groove and a middle mounting groove for connecting the left front male die, the left rear male die, the right front male die, the right rear male die and the middle male die; the die assembly comprises an internal stress ring, a split die, a top plate, a middle block, a cushion block, an ejector rod and an external stress ring, wherein the internal stress ring is fixed on a lower die plate, the top plate, the split die and the middle block are arranged in the internal stress ring, the split die and the middle block are arranged above the top plate, an inner cavity for placing blanks is formed below the male die assembly by the split die, the corresponding cushion block is filled in the inner cavity below the rubber block assembly, an ejection hole is formed in the middle of the bottom of the inner cavity, and the size of the ejection hole is matched with the ejector rod; the outer stress ring is sleeved outside the inner stress ring in an interference fit manner;
after the preheating is finished, placing the split type female die, the top plate and the middle block into an internal stress ring, then placing the preheated blank into an inner cavity, arranging pressing plates around the upper part of the internal stress ring, extending the pressing plates above the split type female die, and abutting the lower surfaces of the pressing plates with the upper surfaces of the split type female die and the upper surface of an external stress ring; a preheated left front male die and a preheated right rear male die are arranged in the upper backing plate; uniformly coating water-based graphite lubricant on the surfaces of the split female die and each male die respectively in the process of installing the preheating die;
(2) The first forming process comprises the following steps: embedding filling blocks in the mounting grooves except the left front mounting groove and the right rear mounting groove in a matching manner, and stacking rubber block groups below the filling blocks; the press starts to drive the left front punch and the right rear punch to move downwards, the blank fills the inner cavity of the whole female die under the action of the punches, meanwhile, the left front cavity and the right rear cavity are formed on the blank until the left front punch and the right rear punch are pressed down until the bottom thickness is left, the movement of the left front punch and the right rear punch is stopped, and then the left front punch and the right rear punch start to move upwards to separate from the blank;
(3) The second pass forming process: removing the rubber block group formed in the first time, taking down the left front male die and the right rear male die after extrusion, placing corresponding heated cushion blocks in the left front cavity and the right rear cavity which are just formed, stacking the rubber block group on each cushion block, embedding a left front mounting groove above the rubber block group into a left front filling block in a matching way, embedding a right rear mounting groove into a right rear filling block in a matching way, then installing the left rear male die and the right front male die on an upper cushion plate, and driving the left rear male die and the right front male die to move downwards by a press machine so as to form the left rear cavity and the right front cavity on a blank; when the rubber block group is compressed, the uppermost rubber block is drawn out, the left rear male die and the right front male die continue to move downwards until the left rear cavity and the right front cavity are formed, and then the left rear male die and the right front male die move upwards to separate from the blank;
(4) The third forming process: reserving a rubber block group formed in the second pass, taking down a left rear male die and a right front male die which are subjected to extrusion, installing a middle male die, placing corresponding heated cushion blocks in a left rear cavity and a right front male die which are just formed, placing the rubber block group on each cushion block, and embedding a left rear mounting groove above the rubber block group into a left rear filling block in a matching manner, and embedding a right front mounting groove into a right front filling block in a matching manner;
the middle convex die moves downwards to form a middle cavity on the blank, when the rubber block group is compressed, the rubber block at the uppermost layer is drawn out, and then the middle convex die continues to press downwards until the middle cavity is completely formed, so that a formed box body is obtained;
(5) After the extrusion forming is completed: stopping the downward movement of the upper workbench of the press, reversely moving the upper workbench of the press upwards to drive the middle male die to rise and separate from the forming box body, then disassembling the pressing plate, lifting the ejector rod, and ejecting the split female die, the forming box body and the top plate.
Further, the left front cavity and the left rear cavity and the right front cavity and the right rear cavity on the forming box body are removed through machining, so that the left cavity is formed by the mutual communication between the left front cavity and the left rear cavity, and the right cavity is formed by the mutual communication between the right front cavity and the right rear cavity.
After the scheme is adopted, the gain effect of the invention is as follows:
for the first forming difficulty, the invention adopts an extrusion mode of local loading and diagonal staggered forming to overcome the lower rated load of a laboratory extruder, the diagonal staggered is divided according to the characteristics of special-shaped box cavities, and the cavities formed in each pass are staggered, so that the problem of uneven load caused by traditional single-side concentrated forming or integral one-step forming is avoided, extruder equipment is protected, the box body with a complex cavity can be formed in a limited pass is ensured, the material utilization rate and the production efficiency are greatly improved, and the energy conservation and the emission reduction are realized.
For the second forming difficulty, the invention adopts a mode of filling cushion blocks and rubber block groups to control the flow of metal. After each extrusion is completed, the cushion block with the same shape as the cushion block is placed in the corresponding cavity which is just extruded, in the process of extruding other cavities in the subsequent pass, a plurality of layers of rubber block groups are piled on the cushion block which is just placed, and when the compression amount of rubber reaches a certain degree, a layer of rubber block is drawn out along with the downward movement of the male die, and then the male die continues to move. The cushion block can effectively avoid deformation of the extruded cavity in the extrusion process of the subsequent cavity; the rubber blocks are placed on the cushion blocks, so that other cavities can be prevented from flowing along the direction perpendicular to the movement of the male die under the action of the corresponding male die in the forming process, and the placed cushion blocks are jacked up, so that the extruded cavities are deformed. The method has the advantages of ingenious design structure, good reliability and high forming precision, improves the formability of the alloy, and improves the comprehensive mechanical properties of the formed part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a blank of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the formed box of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the front view structure of the working state of the die in the first extrusion molding process according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the working state of the die in the first extrusion molding process according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a first pass forming of the blank of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the working state of the die in the second pass extrusion molding of the present invention (a rubber block group is placed on the left front cavity);
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a working state of a die in the second-pass extrusion forming of the present invention (a rubber block group is placed on a right rear cavity);
FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of the working state of the die in the second pass extrusion molding according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a second pass forming of a blank according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the working state of the die in the third extrusion molding according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic top view of the die of the third extrusion molding of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic top view of the top plate of the present invention;
figure 13 is a schematic top view of the left front punch of the present invention;
figure 14 is a schematic top view of the right rear punch of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic top view of the male die of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals: 1. a case; 11. a left cavity; 111. a left front cavity; 112. a left rear cavity; 12. a middle cavity; 13. a right cavity; 131. a right front cavity; 132. a right rear cavity; 14. a groove; 2. an upper template; 21. a male die assembly; 211. an upper backing plate; 212. a left front male die; 213. a left rear male die; 214. a right front male die; 215. a right rear male die; 216. a middle male die; 217. a left front filling block; 218. left rear filling block; 219. a rubber backing plate; 220. a right rear filling block; 221. a middle filling block; 222. a rubber block group; 223. t-shaped groove screws; 224. guide sleeve; 3. a lower template; 31. a female die assembly; 311. internal stress ring; 312. split type female die; 313. a top plate; 314. a middle block; 315. a screw; 316. a push rod; 317. an external stress ring; 318. a guide post; 319. a scraping plate; 320. a pressing plate; 4. blank material; 5. a first positioning pin; 6. and a second positioning pin.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 2, the target forming box body of the box body 1 is in a pi-shaped shape, the structure of the box body 1 is divided into a left cavity 11, a middle cavity 12 and a right cavity 13, the left cavity 11 comprises a left front cavity 111 and a left rear cavity 112 which are symmetrical with the central line of the box body 1 structure, the right cavity 13 comprises a right front cavity 131 and a right rear cavity 132 which are symmetrical with the central line of the box body 1 structure, the middle cavity 12 is positioned between the left cavity 11 and the right cavity 13, the box body 1 is internally provided with a groove 14 in the central line direction of the right cavity 13, the difficulty of forming a plurality of cavities on the box body 1 structure is high, and the forming load needs to be reasonably controlled; the lower die plate 3 is assembled on a lower working table of the press machine through fastening bolts.
The punch assembly 21 includes an upper backing plate 211, a left front punch 212, a left rear punch 213, a right front punch 214, a right rear punch 215, a middle punch 216, a left front filler 217, a left rear filler 218, a right front filler, a right rear filler 220, a middle filler 221, and a rubber block set 222; as shown in fig. 13, the top view structure of the front left punch 212 is also shown in the top view structure of the rear left punch 213, the structures of the front left punch 212 and the front right punch 214 are the same, and are both in T shape, as shown in fig. 14, the top view structure of the rear right punch 215 is also shown in the bottom view structure of the front right punch 214, the structures of the front right punch 214 and the rear right punch 215 are symmetrical and are split into two independent parts, and can be split according to the actual requirement, as shown in fig. 15, the top view structure of the middle punch 216 is shown in the shape of a rectangle, the area of the middle punch 216 is larger than the area of the left cavity 11 and larger than the area of the right cavity 13, which is also the reason that the middle cavity 12 is formed as the third time.
The lower part of the upper template 2 is connected with the upper pad 211, the lower part of the upper pad 211 is provided with a left front mounting groove, a left rear mounting groove, a right front mounting groove, a right rear mounting groove and a middle mounting groove for connecting the left front male die 212, the left rear male die 213, the right front male die 214, the right rear male die 215 and the middle male die 216, which are respectively used for forming a left front cavity 111, a left rear cavity 112, a right front cavity 131, a right rear cavity 132 and a middle cavity 12, and are respectively matched with the shapes of the left front cavity 111, the left rear cavity 112, the right front cavity 131, the right rear cavity 132 and the middle cavity 12.
The upper pad 211 is provided with T-shaped groove screws 223, the side edge of the upper pad 211 is provided with T-shaped grooves for placing the T-shaped groove screws 223, the tail ends of the T-shaped groove screws 223 are connected with the male dies in a threaded fit mode, and the T-shaped groove screws 223 are connected to prevent the male dies and the filling blocks placed in the upper pad 211 from sliding relatively. The upper die plate 2 is assembled on a workbench of a press machine through fastening bolts.
The left front filling block 217, the left rear filling block 218, the right front filling block, the right rear filling block 220 and the middle filling block 221 are used for being matched and filled with the left front mounting groove, the left rear mounting groove, the right front mounting groove, the right rear mounting groove and the middle mounting groove respectively.
The left front filling block 217, the left rear filling block 218, the right front filling block, the right rear filling block 220 and the middle filling block 221 are provided with one-to-one or a plurality of rubber block groups 222 which are combined and corresponding. And filling the corresponding cushion blocks in the cavity below the rubber block group 222.
The female die assembly 31 comprises an inner stress ring 311, a split female die 312, a top plate 313, a middle block 314, a cushion block, an ejector rod 316 and an outer stress ring 317, wherein mounting holes are uniformly distributed at the bottoms of the lower die plate 3 and the inner stress ring 311 in an outward-diverging mode by taking ejection holes as circle centers, the mounting holes are used for mounting bolts to connect the lower die plate 3 and the inner stress ring 311, and the inner stress ring 311 is fixed on the lower die plate 3.
The top plate 313, the split type female die 312 and the middle block 314 are arranged inside the inner stress ring 311, the split type female die 312 and the middle block 314 are arranged above the top plate 313, and the split type female die 312 is provided with an inner cavity for placing the box blank 4 below the male die assembly 21.
As shown in fig. 12, the top plate 313 is provided with slots corresponding to the grooves 14 for the middle block 314 to be embedded and installed, and an ejection hole is formed in the middle of the bottom of the inner cavity, and the size of the ejection hole is in clearance fit with the ejector rod 316; the outer stress ring 317 is sleeved outside the inner stress ring 311 in an interference fit manner.
The invention is also provided with a guide assembly formed by the guide post 318 and the guide sleeve 224, the guide sleeve 224 is assembled at the lower part of the upper die plate 2 in a fastening thread way, the guide post 318 is assembled at the upper part of the inner stress ring 311 in a clearance fit way, and the guide post 318 and the guide sleeve 224 are arranged in a sliding fit way. The guide post 318 and the guide sleeve 224 cooperate together to provide a lead.
The invention provides a method for extrusion forming of a special-shaped box body 1 with a large projection area, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation before forming: the lower die plate 3, the internal stress ring 311, the external stress ring 317, the ejector rod 316 and the guide post 318 are arranged on a lower workbench of the press according to the assembly relation; mounting the upper die plate 2, the upper base plate 211 and the guide sleeve 224 on a workbench of the press machine according to the assembly relation; correcting the whole die by using the guide sleeve 224 and the guide pillar 318 which are already installed before extrusion; the blank 4, each male die, the split female die 312, the cushion block, the top plate 313 and the middle block 314 are preheated, after the preheating is finished, the split female die 312, the top plate 313 and the middle block 314 are placed in the internal stress ring 311, a first positioning pin 5 is arranged between the top plate 313 and the split female die 312, and a second positioning pin 6 is arranged between the top plate 313 and the lower die plate 3. Then, the preheated blank 4 is placed in an inner cavity, as shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of the original blank 4, a pressing plate 320 is arranged around the upper part of the internal stress ring 311, the pressing plate 320 is connected with the internal stress ring 311 through a screw 315, the pressing plate 320 extends above the split die 312, the lower surface of the pressing plate 320 is abutted with the upper surface of the split die 312 and the upper surface of the external stress ring 317, and a scraping plate 319 directly extends into the pressing plate 320; because the projection area of the special-shaped box body 1 is larger and the number of the cavities is more, the diagonal staggered forming scheme of the cavities is adopted, all the cavity forming adopting the scheme can be completed in three passes, and a preheated left front punch 212 and a preheated right rear punch 215 are arranged in an upper base plate 211 in a mode of 'firstly forming a left front cavity 111 and a right rear cavity 132, then forming a left rear cavity 112 and a right front cavity 131 and finally forming a middle cavity 12'; t-shaped groove screws 223 (which may be hexagon socket head cap screws in particular) are screwed into T-shaped grooves on the side edge of the upper base plate 211 to prevent sliding of each male die; uniformly smearing water-based graphite lubricant on the surfaces of the split female die 312 and each male die respectively in the process of installing the preheating die;
(2) The first forming process comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the filling blocks are embedded in the mounting grooves except the left front mounting groove and the right rear mounting groove in a matching manner, two rubber block groups 222 are stacked below the filling blocks, an upper rubber pad 219 and a lower rubber pad are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the rubber block groups 222 and respectively contacted with the filling blocks and the blank 4, and the upper rubber pad and the lower rubber pad clamp the rubber block groups 222 in the middle; the press starts to drive the upper die plate 2, the upper base plate 211, the left front punch 212 and the right rear punch 215 to move downwards, the blank 4 is firstly and slowly filled in the inner cavity of the whole die under the action of the punches, meanwhile, the left front cavity 111 and the right rear cavity 132 are formed on the blank 4 until the punches are pressed down to a set depth and a certain bottom thickness is reserved, the movement of the left front punch 212 and the right rear punch 215 is stopped, then the left front punch 212 and the right rear punch 215 start to move upwards reversely and slowly separate from the blank 4, and after the left front cavity 111 and the right rear cavity 132 are formed, two-point design is performed for facilitating demoulding: (1) extruding the male die with a draft angle of 2 °; (2) A scraping plate 319 is arranged below the pressing plate 320 to prevent the blank 4 from being carried up by the male die; the rubber block group 222 prevents the metal part of the blank 4, which is not flowing, from tilting during the cavity forming process; the pressing plate 320 has the function that the pressing plate 320 presses the split female die 312, preventing metal flowing in the back extrusion process from bringing the split female die 312;
(3) The second pass forming process: as shown in fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8, removing the rubber pad 219 and the rubber block group 222 formed in the first pass, removing the scraping plate 319, removing the left front punch 212 and the right rear punch 215 after extrusion, placing corresponding heated cushion blocks in the just formed cavities (the left front cavity 111 and the right rear cavity 132), placing the rubber pad 219 and the multi-layer rubber block group 222 on each cushion block, embedding the left front filling block 217 in the left front mounting groove above the rubber pad 219 and the multi-layer rubber block group 222, embedding the right rear filling block 220 in the right rear mounting groove in a matched manner, then installing the left rear punch 213 and the right front punch 214 on the upper pad 211, and driving the left rear punch 213 and the right front punch 214 to move downwards by a workbench on a press to form the left rear cavity 112 and the right front cavity 131; in the forming process, a part of metal flows upwards along the opposite direction of the movement of the male die, a part of metal flows at the bottom of the blank 4 along the direction perpendicular to the movement of the male die, then a cushion block placed in a formed cavity is jacked up to cause the formed cavity to deform, a rubber block group 222 placed on the cushion block in a corresponding cavity effectively prevents the phenomenon, an upper cushion plate 211 is contacted with a rubber cushion plate 219 to compress the rubber block group 222, so that the cushion block is prevented from being jacked up by the flowing metal at the bottom of the cushion block, when the compression amount of the uppermost rubber block reaches a certain degree, the uppermost rubber block and the corresponding rubber cushion plate 219 are drawn off, the left rear male die 213 and the right front male die 214 continue to move downwards until the left rear cavity 112 and the right front cavity 131 are formed, then a scraper 319 is installed, and the left rear male die 213 and the right front male die 214 move upwards to slowly separate from the blank 4;
(4) The third forming process: as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the rubber pad 219 and the rubber block group 222 formed in the second pass are reserved, the scraping plate 319 is removed, the left rear male die 213 and the right front male die 214 after extrusion are removed, the middle male die 216 is installed, corresponding heated cushion blocks are placed in the just formed cavity (the left rear cavity 112 and the right front male die 214), the rubber pad 219 and the multi-layer rubber block group 222 are placed on each cushion block, and the left rear mounting groove above the rubber pad 219 and the multi-layer rubber block group 222 is matched and embedded into the left rear filling block 218, and the right front mounting groove is matched and embedded into the right front filling block;
the middle punch 216 moves downwards to slowly shape the middle cavity 12, and in the middle cavity 12 forming process, along with the contact of the upper base plate 211 and the multi-layer rubber base plate 219, when the compression amount of the rubber block group 222 reaches a certain degree, the middle punch 216 slightly rises to extract the rubber blocks layer by layer, and then the middle punch 216 continues to press down until the middle cavity 12 is completely formed, so that a formed box body is obtained;
(5) After the extrusion forming is completed: the downward movement of the upper working table of the press is stopped, the upper working table of the press moves upwards reversely, the middle male die 216 is driven to ascend and separate from the forming box body, and the draft angle designed by the working part at the lower part of the middle male die 216 is beneficial to demoulding. During the raising of the middle punch 216, a scraper 319 is placed below the platen 320, preventing the middle punch 216 from lifting up the formed box. The platen 320 and the scraping plate 319 are then removed, and the ejector pins 316 are raised to eject the split die 312, the forming box, and the top plate 313.
The surplus materials between the left front cavity 111 and the left rear cavity 112 and the surplus materials between the right front cavity 131 and the right rear cavity 132 on the forming box body can be removed through mechanical processing such as cutting scraps, so that the special-shaped and difficult-to-line left cavity 11 can be formed by mutual communication between the left front cavity 111 and the left rear cavity 112, and the special-shaped and difficult-to-line right cavity 13 can be formed by mutual communication between the right front cavity 131 and the right rear cavity 132.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not limited to the present invention, and all equivalent changes made according to the design key of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The extrusion forming method of the special-shaped box body with large projection area is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Preparation before forming: the die comprises an upper die plate connected with an upper workbench of a press machine, a male die assembly detachably mounted on the upper die plate, a lower die plate connected with a lower workbench of the press machine, and a female die assembly detachably mounted on the lower die plate; the male die assembly comprises an upper backing plate, a left front male die, a left rear male die, a right front male die, a right rear male die, a middle male die, a left front filling block, a left rear filling block, a right front filling block, a right rear filling block, a middle filling block and a rubber block group; the lower part of the upper template is connected with the upper backing plate, and the lower part of the upper backing plate is provided with a left front mounting groove, a left rear mounting groove, a right front mounting groove, a right rear mounting groove and a middle mounting groove for connecting the left front male die, the left rear male die, the right front male die, the right rear male die and the middle male die; the die assembly comprises an internal stress ring, a split die, a top plate, a middle block, a cushion block, an ejector rod and an external stress ring, wherein the internal stress ring is fixed on a lower die plate, the top plate, the split die and the middle block are arranged in the internal stress ring, the split die and the middle block are arranged above the top plate, an inner cavity for placing blanks is formed below the male die assembly by the split die, the corresponding cushion block is filled in the inner cavity below the rubber block assembly, an ejection hole is formed in the middle of the bottom of the inner cavity, and the size of the ejection hole is matched with the ejector rod; the outer stress ring is sleeved outside the inner stress ring in an interference fit manner;
after the preheating is finished, placing the split type female die, the top plate and the middle block into an internal stress ring, then placing the preheated blank into an inner cavity, arranging pressing plates around the upper part of the internal stress ring, extending the pressing plates above the split type female die, and abutting the lower surfaces of the pressing plates with the upper surfaces of the split type female die and the upper surface of an external stress ring; a preheated left front male die and a preheated right rear male die are arranged in the upper backing plate; uniformly coating water-based graphite lubricant on the surfaces of the split female die and each male die respectively in the process of installing the preheating die;
(2) The first forming process comprises the following steps: embedding filling blocks in the mounting grooves except the left front mounting groove and the right rear mounting groove in a matching manner, and stacking rubber block groups below the filling blocks; the press starts to drive the left front punch and the right rear punch to move downwards, the blank fills the inner cavity of the whole female die under the action of the punches, meanwhile, the left front cavity and the right rear cavity are formed on the blank until the left front punch and the right rear punch are pressed down until the bottom thickness is left, the movement of the left front punch and the right rear punch is stopped, and then the left front punch and the right rear punch start to move upwards to separate from the blank;
(3) The second pass forming process: removing the rubber block group formed in the first time, taking down the left front male die and the right rear male die after extrusion, placing corresponding heated cushion blocks in the left front cavity and the right rear cavity which are just formed, stacking the rubber block group on each cushion block, embedding a left front mounting groove above the rubber block group into a left front filling block in a matching way, embedding a right rear mounting groove into a right rear filling block in a matching way, then installing the left rear male die and the right front male die on an upper cushion plate, and driving the left rear male die and the right front male die to move downwards by a press machine so as to form the left rear cavity and the right front cavity on a blank; when the rubber block group is compressed, the uppermost rubber block is drawn out, the left rear male die and the right front male die continue to move downwards until the left rear cavity and the right front cavity are formed, and then the left rear male die and the right front male die move upwards to separate from the blank;
(4) The third forming process: reserving a rubber block group formed in the second pass, taking down a left rear male die and a right front male die which are subjected to extrusion, installing a middle male die, placing corresponding heated cushion blocks in a left rear cavity and a right front male die which are just formed, placing the rubber block group on each cushion block, and embedding a left rear mounting groove above the rubber block group into a left rear filling block in a matching manner, and embedding a right front mounting groove into a right front filling block in a matching manner;
the middle convex die moves downwards to form a middle cavity on the blank, when the rubber block group is compressed, the rubber block at the uppermost layer is drawn out, and then the middle convex die continues to press downwards until the middle cavity is completely formed, so that a formed box body is obtained;
(5) After the extrusion forming is completed: stopping the downward movement of the upper workbench of the press, reversely moving the upper workbench of the press upwards to drive the middle male die to rise and separate from the forming box body, then disassembling the pressing plate, lifting the ejector rod, and ejecting the split female die, the forming box body and the top plate.
2. The extrusion molding method of large-projection-area special-shaped box body according to claim 1, wherein the left front cavity and the left rear cavity, and the right front cavity and the right rear cavity on the molding box body are removed through mechanical processing, so that the left cavity is formed by the mutual communication between the left front cavity and the left rear cavity, and the right cavity is formed by the mutual communication between the right front cavity and the right rear cavity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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