CN114047147A - Spectrum technology-based online nondestructive testing device and method for kiwi fruit quality - Google Patents
Spectrum technology-based online nondestructive testing device and method for kiwi fruit quality Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
- G01N3/42—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by performing impressions under a steady load by indentors, e.g. sphere, pyramid
Abstract
The invention discloses an online nondestructive testing device and method for kiwi fruit quality based on a spectrum technology. The device comprises a probe detection device, a spectrometer, a light source, a conveying platform, a photoelectric sensor and a camera bellows, wherein the probe detection device is installed at the top of the camera bellows and comprises a follow-up stray light elimination mechanism and a reflection optical fiber probe; the method comprises the steps of obtaining dynamic diffuse reflection spectrum data of kiwi fruits by using a spectrometer; preprocessing the spectra to reduce detection errors caused by fruit shape and light scattering; and establishing a linear prediction model of the sugar degree and hardness of the kiwi fruits. The invention realizes the online detection of the sugar degree and the hardness of the kiwi fruit at a specific conveying speed, and has the advantages of high efficiency, high accuracy, no damage, rapidness and convenience.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing of visible/near-infrared fruit quality, in particular to an online nondestructive testing device and method for kiwi fruit quality based on a spectrum technology.
Background
Kiwi fruit is also called Kiwi fruit, is rich in glucose, fructose, vitamins and minerals and other essential nutrients, and is called as the king of vitamin C. In recent 10 years, the Chinese gooseberry planting scale is rapidly increased, and the Chinese gooseberry planting scale has become the mainstream fruit consumption in the world. The total area and the total yield of Chinese kiwi fruit plants are stable in the first world. With the expansion of the consumption market of kiwi fruits, the demand of people for high-quality kiwi fruits is increasing day by day. In order to take into account the storage time and mouthfeel of kiwifruit, it is often necessary to pick the kiwifruit when it is not fully ripe. The picked kiwi fruits need a certain time to reach physiological maturity, insoluble starch is gradually converted into soluble solid matters in the maturing process, the content of glucose, fructose and other sugars in the fruits is increased, the content of organic acid generating sour taste and protease generating astringent feeling is reduced, and meanwhile, the hardness of the fruits is obviously reduced. Therefore, the sugar degree and the fruit hardness of the kiwi fruit are important indexes for determining the quality and the maturity of the kiwi fruit. With the expansion of the kiwi fruit industry and the promotion of consumption demand, rapid nondestructive online detection on sugar degree and hardness of kiwi fruit is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides an online nondestructive testing method and device for kiwi fruit quality based on a spectrum technology, and a quantitative prediction model is established by collecting dynamic reflection spectra and sugar degree and hardness data of a batch of kiwi fruit samples.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
kiwi fruit quality online nondestructive test device based on spectrum technology
The device comprises a probe detection device, a spectrometer, a light source, a conveying platform, a photoelectric sensor and a camera bellows; the top of the camera bellows is provided with a probe detection device, and the probe detection device comprises a follow-up stray light elimination mechanism and a reflection optical fiber probe; the input end and the output end of the reflection optical fiber probe are respectively connected with a light source and a spectrometer, the middle part of the detection end of the reflection optical fiber probe is provided with a receiving optical fiber, 6-12 emission optical fibers are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the receiving optical fiber, and the reflection optical fiber probe detects a kiwi fruit sample through surrounding type multi-point reflection; the conveying platform is arranged at the bottom of the camera bellows and comprises a conveying track and a sliding table arranged on the conveying track, and a fruit cup for clamping a kiwi fruit sample is fixed above the sliding table; photoelectric sensors are arranged on two sides of the dark box.
The follow-up stray light eliminating mechanism comprises a rack, a transverse moving track, a longitudinal moving track, a shading cylinder bracket, a rubber shading cylinder, a cam block and a sliding block; the frame is vertically fixed on the side of the detection probe, and a rubber shading cylinder is sleeved on the reflected optical fiber probe; a longitudinal motion track is arranged on one side of the rack close to the detection probe, a cam block which moves up and down along the track is slidably mounted on the longitudinal motion track, and a rubber shading cylinder is fixed on the cam block through a shading cylinder bracket; a transverse moving track is arranged on one side of the rack far away from the detection probe, a sliding block which transversely moves along the track is slidably mounted on the transverse moving track, a spring is sleeved on the transverse moving track, one end of the spring abuts against the sliding block, and the other end of the spring abuts against the rack; the bottom of the sliding block is connected with a clutch block through a hinge joint, and an elastic metal sheet is connected between the clutch block and the sliding block.
One side of the cam block, which is far away from the probe, is provided with a sliding groove, the sliding block is connected with the cam block in a sliding manner through a connecting block embedded in the sliding groove, and the sliding block drives the cam block to move longitudinally along the longitudinal movement track while moving transversely along the transverse movement track.
The limiting plate is installed on the frame top, and rubber lightproof section of thick bamboo top is worn out from the limiting plate, and with clearance fit between the limiting plate.
The side surface of the fruit cup is fixed with a driving rod, and the top end surface of the driving rod and the clutch block are positioned at the same height.
When the clutch block is pushed by a force greater than the elastic force of the elastic metal sheet, the clutch block rotates around the sliding block from the lower part of the sliding block to the side of the bottom.
The transverse moving direction of the sliding block is consistent with the conveying direction of the conveying platform.
When the kiwi fruit sample is conveyed to the position right below the reflection optical fiber probe, the distance between the detection end of the reflection optical fiber probe and the position right above the kiwi fruit sample is 8-10 mm.
The light source adopts a 20W halogen lamp, and the reflection optical fiber probe supplements light through the light source.
Second, on-line nondestructive testing method for kiwi fruit quality based on spectrum technology
The method comprises the following steps:
1) selecting 200-300 undamaged and defect-free kiwi fruit samples, putting all the kiwi fruit samples into a 0-4 ℃ refrigeration house for refrigeration after picking, taking out the kiwi fruit samples from the refrigeration house before detection, and placing the kiwi fruit samples at room temperature to restore the samples to the room temperature;
2) acquiring spectral data of each kiwi fruit sample;
2.1) placing a sample to be detected on the fruit cup, and driving the fruit cup to do uniform linear motion by the conveying platform; when the fruit cup is close to the detection probe, the top end surface of the driving rod on the fruit cup is contacted with the clutch block, and the slider is pushed by the clutch block to move along the transverse movement track, so that the cam block is driven to move along the longitudinal movement track, and the rubber shading cylinder moves downwards under the driving of the cam block;
2.2) when the fruit cup moves to the position right below the reflection optical fiber probe, the clutch block and the sliding block move to the end part of the transverse movement track, the rubber light shielding cylinder moves to the lowest end, and the bottom end of the rubber light shielding cylinder is attached to the surface of a sample to be detected so as to eliminate external stray light during spectrum detection; at the moment, the clutch block does not rotate under the action of the elasticity of the elastic metal sheet;
when the fruit cup moves to a position right below the reflection optical fiber probe, triggering the photoelectric sensor at the same time, sending a signal to the spectrograph through the photoelectric sensor, carrying out spectrum detection on the spectrograph through the reflection optical fiber probe to obtain a dynamic diffuse reflection spectrum, and preprocessing the dynamic diffuse reflection spectrum to obtain spectrum data of the kiwi fruit sample;
the bottom end of the rubber shading cylinder is attached to the surface of a sample to be detected, and meanwhile, the spectral detection is completed, and the sample to be detected is attached through the rubber shading cylinder, so that the spectral detection is carried out under the shading condition;
2.3) the fruit cup continues to move, the driving rod continues to push the clutch block, the sliding block cannot continue to move due to the blocking of the rack, the elastic metal sheet is stressed and is increased to generate elastic deformation, the clutch block rotates, so that the driving rod is separated from the clutch block, the sliding block connected with the driving rod loses the thrust of the driving rod, the sliding block moves to the initial position under the elastic action of a spring on a transverse movement track, and the cam block and the rubber shading cylinder are driven to return to the initial position;
3) establishing a linear prediction model of the sugar degree and the hardness of the kiwi fruit by adopting a partial least square method and a principal component regression method, and inputting the sample set into the linear prediction model of the sugar degree and the hardness of the kiwi fruit for training to obtain a detection model of the sugar degree and the hardness of the kiwi fruit;
4) and (3) detecting the spectral data of the kiwi fruit to be detected in the step 2), and inputting the spectral data into the kiwi fruit sugar degree and hardness detection model in the step 3) to obtain the sugar degree and hardness of the kiwi fruit to be detected.
In the step 3), the sample set consists of kiwi fruit spectral data and corresponding kiwi fruit sugar degree and hardness values, and is divided into a correction set and a prediction set; the kiwi fruit spectral data are input data of a prediction model, and the corresponding sugar degree and hardness of the kiwi fruit are output parameters of the prediction model;
the sugar and hardness values of the kiwi fruits in the sample set are obtained by the following method:
using a texture analyzer to perform hardness detection on the kiwi fruit subjected to spectrum acquisition: measuring the hardness of the kiwi fruit sample by taking pressure data when a circular probe with the diameter of 2mm is pressed down for 1 mm;
the kiwi fruit juice extraction method comprises the steps of cutting and smashing a kiwi fruit sample, filtering juice through a filter screen with the mesh size of more than 200, and measuring the sugar degree of the juice by using a sugar degree meter to obtain the sugar degree of the kiwi fruit sample.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the on-line detection of the sugar degree and the hardness of the kiwi fruits is realized, and the accuracy of the detection result is improved.
2) Can realize kiwi fruit nondestructive test to improve detection speed, easy operation is convenient, can satisfy the hierarchical demand of production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detecting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a spectrum of kiwi fruit reflected light collected at a transport speed of 0.3 m/s;
FIG. 3 is a spectrum of kiwi fruit reflected light collected at a transport speed of 0.5 m/s;
FIG. 4 is a schematic end view of a reflective fiber optic probe;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a follow-up stray light elimination device;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the follow-up stray light elimination device, and (a) (b) are side views of the follow-up stray light elimination device at different angles.
1 probe detection device, 2 spectrometers, 3 light sources, 4 conveying platforms, 5 photoelectric sensors, 6 dark boxes, 7 fruit cups, 8 kiwi fruit samples, 201 optical fibers, 202 reflection optical fiber probe detection ends, 203 racks, 204 transverse movement tracks, 205 longitudinal movement tracks, 206 springs, 207 moving cam blocks, 208 sliding blocks, 209 clutch blocks, 210 elastic metal sheets, 211 rubber shading cylinders, 212 shading cylinder supports and 213 driving rods.
Detailed Description
The method has good universality for nondestructive testing of sugar content and hardness of different varieties of kiwi fruits. The kiwi fruit varieties are numerous worldwide, the Haiword kiwi fruit is taken as an implementation example in the invention, and other kiwi fruit varieties can be implemented according to the method of the embodiment. And (3) establishing a sugar degree and hardness prediction model suitable for the variety according to different kiwi fruit varieties, and carrying out online nondestructive testing on the kiwi fruit varieties.
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the nondestructive testing device of the invention comprises a probe testing device 1, a spectrometer 2, a light source 3, a conveying platform 4, a photoelectric sensor 5 and a dark box 6; the top of the dark box 6 is provided with a probe detection device 1, and the probe detection device 1 comprises a follow-up stray light elimination mechanism and a reflection optical fiber probe; the input end and the output end of the reflection optical fiber probe are respectively connected with a light source 3 and a spectrometer 2; the bottom of the camera bellows 6 is provided with a conveying platform 4, the conveying platform 4 comprises a conveying track and a sliding table arranged on the conveying track, and a fruit cup 7 for clamping a kiwi fruit sample 8 is fixed above the sliding table; photoelectric sensors 5 are arranged on two sides of the dark box 6.
The detection end 202 of the visible near-infrared reflection optical fiber probe is arranged at a position 8-10mm above the movement path of the equator position of the kiwi fruit, and the input end and the output end are respectively connected with a 20W halogen lamp light source and a spectrometer.
As shown in figure 4, the reflective optical fiber probe detects a kiwi fruit sample 8 through surrounding type multi-point reflection, the receiving optical fibers 102 are arranged in the middle of the detection end 202 of the reflective optical fiber probe, and 6-12 transmitting optical fibers 101 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the receiving optical fibers 102. The receiving fiber 102 and the transmitting fiber 101 extend upward and are integrated into a bundle of fibers 201.
As shown in fig. 5-6, the follow-up stray light eliminating device can follow up the flexible soft rubber sleeve according to the moving position of the fruit cup, when the fruit sample reaches the detection position, the sleeve covers the surface of the fruit, so that the probe can only receive the reflected light with the internal quality information reflected by the fruit, thereby preventing the stray light in the environment from influencing the detection data. The concrete structure is as follows:
the transverse moving rail 204 and the longitudinal moving rail 205 are installed on the frame 203 transversely and longitudinally, respectively, the cam block 207 is installed on the longitudinal moving rail 205, which can slide up and down along the track, a slider 208 is mounted on the transverse motion track 204, meanwhile, a sliding block 208 is arranged in a groove track in a cam block 207 and keeps fit with the groove track, a spring 206 is arranged on a transverse motion track 204, one end of the sliding block 208 is connected with a clutch block 209 through a rotating shaft, elastic metal sheets 210 are arranged on two sides of the clutch block 209, a shading cylinder bracket 212 is fixed on the cam block 207, a rubber shading cylinder 211 passes through a limiting plate of a frame 203 and a through hole on the shading cylinder bracket 212 and is arranged on the shading cylinder bracket 212, the optical fiber 201 passes through the rubber light shielding cylinder 211, the bottom of the driving rod 213 is connected with the fruit cup through a bolt, and the upper circular end surface of the driving rod 213 is on the same horizontal line with the clutch block 210.
Example (b):
step one, sample preparation. Selecting 180 'Haiword' kiwi fruit samples without damage and defects as samples, wherein 130 samples are divided into a correction set, 50 samples are divided into a prediction set, all samples to be detected need to be placed into a 0-4 ℃ refrigeration house for refrigeration before detection after picking, and the samples need to be taken out of the refrigeration house and placed at room temperature for 24 hours before detection, so that the samples are recovered to the room temperature;
and step two, collecting kiwi fruit reflection spectrum data through a nondestructive testing device. The non-destructive testing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is used in this embodiment, wherein a QE65 Pro spectrometer of ocean optics corporation, USA, is provided, the spectral range is 400-1180nm, the spectral resolution is 0.7nm, and the signal-to-noise ratio is 1000: 1. the light source adopts HL-2000-HP high-power tungsten halogen lamp of ocean optics company in America, the wavelength range is 360-2400nm, and the power is 20W. The reflection probe adopts a customized reflection probe of Leipa corporation, the wavelength range is 200-1100nm, the material is ultraviolet quartz optical fiber, the core diameter is 1000 μm, and the total number of the reflection probe is 6 outgoing ends and 1 receiving end. The spectrum collection conditions were: the spectrum collection range is 400-1180nm, the integration time is 50ms, and the average frequency is 3 times.
During collection, kiwi fruit samples respectively move on the conveying device in a straight line at a constant speed of 0.3m/s and 0.5m/s to pass through the detection position, and the distance between the detection end of the reflection optical fiber probe and the equator position of the kiwi fruit is 8-10mm, so that the reflection spectra shown in the figures 2 and 3 are respectively obtained.
The working process of the nondestructive testing device is as follows: when the conveying platform drives the fruit cup to move, the driving rod moves along with the fruit cup, when the fruit cup moves to a certain position, the driving rod is contacted with the clutch block, the force applied to the elastic metal sheet is small, the clutch block cannot deflect and is pushed by the driving rod to move, the clutch block drives the sliding block to move along the transverse movement track, the sliding block can drive the cam block to synchronously move longitudinally along the longitudinal movement track when moving transversely, the movement of the cam block drives the shading cylinder bracket to move downwards, so that the shading cylinder moves downwards, when the fruit moves under the reflection optical fiber probe, the clutch block and the sliding block move to the rearmost end, the cam block, the shading cylinder bracket and the shading cylinder move to the lowermost end, the lower end of the shading cylinder is attached to the surface of the fruit, the spectral data acquisition is completed simultaneously, the fruit cup continues to move, the driving rod continues to push the clutch block, and due to the blocking of the rack, the slide block can not move continuously, the elastic metal sheet is stressed to be increased to generate elastic deformation, the clutch block rotates, so that the driving rod is separated from the clutch block, the slide block moves forwards under the force of the spring on the transverse motion track to return to the initial position, and the cam block and the rubber shading cylinder also return to the initial position.
Step three, collecting the sugar degree and hardness data of the kiwi fruit, detecting the sample by using a British Stable Micro Systems texture instrument provided with a 2mm cylindrical probe, placing the kiwi fruit sample on a circular sample table, and extruding at the speed of 0.3mm/s to obtain the pressure curve of the sample. The value of the pressure at which 1mm was extruded was taken as the hardness of the sample. Then juicing the kiwi fruit pulp by using a juicer, filtering by using a filter screen with more than 200 meshes, measuring the sugar degree of the sample by using a Japanese Ito PR-101 alpha sugar meter, and recording data.
And step four, preprocessing the spectrum. Removing the wave bands with more noise at the two ends of the spectrum, selecting the wavelength range of 500-1150nm, and preprocessing the kiwi fruit reflection spectrum by adopting an internal reference correction method so as to reduce the detection error caused by the shape of kiwi fruit and the light scattering.
And step five, establishing a prediction model through the correction set samples. And (4) establishing a linear prediction model of the sugar degree and the hardness of the kiwi fruits under the online state of 0.3m/s and 0.5m/s by using the spectral data selected in the fourth step and the sugar degree and hardness data of the kiwi fruits obtained in the third step through a partial least square method, a principal component regression method and a stepwise multiple linear regression method. And (4) testing the accuracy and reliability of the established model on the sugar degree and hardness of the kiwi fruit by using a prediction set sample.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. An online nondestructive testing device for kiwi fruit quality based on a spectrum technology is characterized by comprising a probe detection device (1), a spectrometer (2), a light source (3), a conveying platform (4), a photoelectric sensor (5) and a dark box (6);
the top of the dark box (6) is provided with a probe detection device (1), and the probe detection device (1) comprises a follow-up stray light elimination mechanism and a reflection optical fiber probe; the input end and the output end of the reflection optical fiber probe are respectively connected with a light source (3) and a spectrometer (2), the middle part of the detection end of the reflection optical fiber probe is provided with a receiving optical fiber (102), 6-12 transmitting optical fibers (101) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the receiving optical fiber (102), and the reflection optical fiber probe detects a kiwi fruit sample (8) through surrounding type multipoint reflection;
a conveying platform (4) is installed at the bottom of the camera bellows (6), the conveying platform (4) comprises a conveying track and a sliding table installed on the conveying track, and a fruit cup (7) for clamping a kiwi fruit sample (8) is fixed above the sliding table;
photoelectric sensors (5) are arranged on two sides of the dark box (6).
2. The online nondestructive testing device for kiwi quality based on spectrum technology of claim 1, wherein said follow-up stray light elimination mechanism comprises a frame (203), a transverse movement track (204), a longitudinal movement track (205), a shading cylinder bracket (212), a rubber shading cylinder (211), a cam block (207), and a sliding block (208); the frame (203) is vertically fixed on the side of the detection probe, and a rubber shading cylinder (211) is sleeved on the reflected optical fiber probe; a longitudinal movement track (205) is arranged on one side, close to the detection probe, of the machine frame (203), a cam block (207) which moves up and down along the track is slidably mounted on the longitudinal movement track (205), and a rubber shading cylinder (211) is fixed on the cam block (207) through a shading cylinder bracket (212); a transverse moving track (204) is arranged on one side, away from the detection probe, of the rack (203), a sliding block (208) which transversely moves along the track is slidably mounted on the transverse moving track (204), a spring is sleeved on the transverse moving track (204), one end of the spring abuts against the sliding block, and the other end of the spring abuts against the rack (203); the bottom of the sliding block (208) is connected with a clutch block (209) through a hinge joint, and an elastic metal sheet (201) is connected between the clutch block (209) and the sliding block.
3. The online nondestructive testing device for the quality of the kiwi fruits based on the spectrum technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein a sliding groove is formed in one side of the cam block (207) far away from the probe, the sliding block (208) is connected with the cam block (207) in a sliding manner through a connecting block embedded in the sliding groove, and the sliding block (208) moves transversely along the transverse moving track (204) and drives the cam block (207) to move longitudinally along the longitudinal moving track (205).
4. The on-line nondestructive testing device for kiwi fruit quality based on spectrum technology of claim 2, characterized in that a driving rod (213) is fixed on the side surface of the fruit cup, and the top end surface of the driving rod (213) and the clutch block (209) are located at the same height.
5. The on-line nondestructive testing device for the quality of the kiwi fruits based on the spectrum technology as recited in claim 2, characterized in that when the clutch block (209) is subjected to a thrust force greater than the elastic force of the elastic metal sheet (201), the clutch block (209) rotates around the slider (208) from the lower side of the slider to the lateral side of the bottom;
the transverse moving direction of the sliding block (208) is consistent with the conveying direction of the conveying platform.
6. The on-line nondestructive testing device for kiwi quality based on spectroscopic technology as set forth in claim 2, wherein when kiwi sample (8) is transported to a position right below the reflective fiber probe, the detection end of the reflective fiber probe is 8-10mm away from the position right above kiwi sample (8);
the light source (3) adopts a 20W halogen lamp, and the reflection optical fiber probe supplements light through the light source (3).
7. The on-line nondestructive testing method for the quality of kiwi fruits based on the spectrum technology and based on the device according to any one of claims 1-6, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting 200-300 undamaged and defect-free kiwi fruit samples, putting all the kiwi fruit samples into a 0-4 ℃ refrigeration house for refrigeration after picking, taking out the kiwi fruit samples from the refrigeration house before detection, and placing the kiwi fruit samples at room temperature to restore the samples to the room temperature;
(2) acquiring spectral data of each kiwi fruit sample;
2.1) placing a sample to be detected on the fruit cup, and driving the fruit cup to do uniform linear motion by the conveying platform; when the fruit cup approaches the detection probe, the top end surface of a driving rod (213) on the fruit cup contacts with a clutch block (209), and the clutch block (209) pushes a sliding block (208) to move along a transverse movement track (204), so that a cam block (207) is driven to move along a longitudinal movement track (205), and a rubber shading cylinder (211) moves downwards under the drive of the cam block (207);
2.2) when the fruit cup moves to the position right below the reflection optical fiber probe, the clutch block (209) and the sliding block (208) move to the end part of the transverse movement track (204), the rubber light-shielding cylinder (211) moves to the lowest end, and the bottom end of the rubber light-shielding cylinder (211) is attached to the surface of a sample to be detected; at the moment, the clutch block (209) does not rotate under the action of the elastic force of the elastic metal sheet (210);
when the fruit cup moves to a position right below the reflection optical fiber probe, the photoelectric sensor (5) is triggered at the same time, the photoelectric sensor (5) sends a signal to the spectrograph, the spectrograph performs spectrum detection through the reflection optical fiber probe to obtain a dynamic diffuse reflection spectrum, and the dynamic diffuse reflection spectrum is preprocessed to obtain spectrum data of the kiwi fruit sample;
2.3) the fruit cup continues to move, the driving rod (213) continues to push the clutch block (209), the slide block (208) cannot continue to move due to the blocking of the rack (203), the elastic metal sheet (210) is stressed to be increased to generate elastic deformation, and the clutch block (209) rotates, so that the driving rod (213) is separated from the clutch block (209), the slide block (208) connected with the driving rod (213) loses the thrust of the driving rod (213), and the slide block (208) moves to the initial position under the elastic force of the spring (206) on the transverse movement track (204), so that the cam block (207) and the rubber shading cylinder (211) are driven to return to the initial position;
(3) establishing a linear prediction model of the sugar degree and the hardness of the kiwi fruit by adopting a partial least square method and a principal component regression method, and inputting the sample set into the linear prediction model of the sugar degree and the hardness of the kiwi fruit for training to obtain a detection model of the sugar degree and the hardness of the kiwi fruit;
(4) and (3) detecting the spectral data of the kiwi fruit to be detected in the step 2), and inputting the spectral data into the kiwi fruit sugar degree and hardness detection model in the step 3) to obtain the sugar degree and hardness of the kiwi fruit to be detected.
8. The on-line nondestructive testing method for kiwi quality based on spectrum technology as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step 3), the sample set is composed of kiwi spectrum data and corresponding kiwi sugar degree and hardness value, and is divided into a correction set and a prediction set; the kiwi fruit spectral data are input data of the prediction model, and the corresponding sugar degree and hardness of the kiwi fruit are output parameters of the prediction model.
9. The on-line nondestructive testing method for kiwi quality based on spectrum technology of claim 7, wherein the kiwi sugar degree and hardness value in said sample set are obtained by the following method:
using a texture analyzer to perform hardness detection on the kiwi fruit subjected to spectrum acquisition: measuring the hardness of the kiwi fruit sample by taking pressure data when a circular probe with the diameter of 2mm is pressed down for 1 mm;
the kiwi fruit juice extraction method comprises the steps of cutting and smashing a kiwi fruit sample, filtering juice through a filter screen with the mesh size of more than 200, and measuring the sugar degree of the juice by using a sugar degree meter to obtain the sugar degree of the kiwi fruit sample.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105424653A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-03-23 | 浙江大学 | Fruit pulp tissue optical property detection system and method adopting integrated fiber-optics probe |
| CN108507954A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-09-07 | 南京财经大学 | A kind of minitype fruits quality and shelf life on-line measuring device and method |
| CN111693470A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-22 | 西安交通大学 | Skin surface reflection spectrum measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105424653A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-03-23 | 浙江大学 | Fruit pulp tissue optical property detection system and method adopting integrated fiber-optics probe |
| CN108507954A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-09-07 | 南京财经大学 | A kind of minitype fruits quality and shelf life on-line measuring device and method |
| CN111693470A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-22 | 西安交通大学 | Skin surface reflection spectrum measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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