CN114046961A - Sediment erosion testing system based on digital imaging technology - Google Patents
Sediment erosion testing system based on digital imaging technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN114046961A CN114046961A CN202111097167.0A CN202111097167A CN114046961A CN 114046961 A CN114046961 A CN 114046961A CN 202111097167 A CN202111097167 A CN 202111097167A CN 114046961 A CN114046961 A CN 114046961A
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- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003708 edge detection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008278 dynamic mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
- G01N3/567—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion by submitting the specimen to the action of a fluid or of a fluidised material, e.g. cavitation, jet abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/24—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
- G01P5/241—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by using reflection of acoustical waves, i.e. Doppler-effect
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sediment erosion testing system based on a digital imaging technology. The invention is divided into a circulating water tank sediment erosion part, a measuring device part and a main and auxiliary control end part. According to the invention, the difference value between the upper surface of sediment in the sediment output tank and the interface of the bottom bed of the water tank is monitored in real time through the driving control end and the driven control end, and after a threshold value is set, the piston is pushed through the stepping motor to enable the upper surface of the sediment to be flush with the bottom bed of the water tank, so that the influence of terrain evolution and erodible amount on the calculation of the sediment erosion rate is eliminated; an acoustic Doppler current meter obtains three-dimensional flow velocity data around the sediment output tank to estimate the shear stress of the bottom bed; the suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument is used for recording the sediment concentration peak value in the circulating water body and measuring the sediment concentration in different water depths in the water storage tank, and the calculated sediment erosion rate in the water tank is matched with the sediment erosion process direction collected by the high-frequency camera; the gradient of the bottom bed of the water tank of the device is adjustable, and a quantitative relation between the inclination angle and the erosion rate of sediment can be established; the whole testing process is dynamically circulated, and the data integrity is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sediment dynamic model tests, in particular to a sediment erosion test system based on a digital imaging technology.
Background
Fine silt is ubiquitous in natural water systems and the resuspension and transport of contaminated fine silt deposits can negatively impact local ecosystems. Nonlinear interaction between different properties of sediment deposits, micro-macroscopic space-time change of physical properties, time history of external load, environmental water chemistry and temperature, biological disturbance and bubbles, bed instantaneous shear, pressure and turbulent motion, fluid bed interaction and the like are always hot spots of relevant researches.
Since the silt erosion process is unpredictable and the derived flow may damage the measurement instrument, it is difficult to observe this physical phenomenon on site, and laboratory studies are obviously an effective alternative to better understand the dynamic mechanism of the silt erosion and deposition processes. The invention provides a sediment erosion testing system based on a digital imaging technology in a laboratory, which is expected to be widely applied to the related fields and provides more data support for field observation and numerical simulation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a sediment erosion test system based on a digital imaging technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention is divided into a circulating water tank sediment erosion part, a measuring equipment part and a main and auxiliary control end part.
The silt erosion part of the circulating water tank comprises a water storage tank, a transparent water tank, a flow guide pipe, a sensitive flow meter, a control valve, a centrifugal water pump, a steady flow panel, a flow inlet tank, a drain pipe and a tail gate, so that stable circulation of a water body is realized; the water body is introduced into the inflow tank from the water storage tank through the centrifugal water pump and the flow guide pipe, the outlet of the inflow tank is communicated with the transparent water tank, the upper part close to the outlet is provided with a flow stabilizing panel, the transparent water tank far away from the outlet is provided with a tail gate, and a drain pipe is arranged below the tail gate and communicated with the water storage tank; a silt output groove is arranged in the middle of the transparent water tank and used for providing in-situ erosion silt; the upper surface of the silt in the silt output tank is basically flush with the bottom bed of the transparent water tank; the flow guide pipe is provided with a sensitive flow meter and a control valve.
The measuring part comprises an acoustic Doppler current meter, a first suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument, a second suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument and a third suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument; the acoustic Doppler current meter acquires three-dimensional flow velocity data around the sediment output tank so as to estimate the shear stress of the bottom bed; the first suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument is used for recording the peak value of the sediment concentration in the circulating water body of the transparent water tank; and the second suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument and the third suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument are used for measuring the sediment concentrations in different water depths in the water storage tank so as to calculate the sediment erosion rate in the transparent water tank.
The master-slave control end part comprises a master control end, a passive control end, a high-frequency digital camera, a laser transmitter, a stepping motor and a controlled piston; the high-frequency digital camera is controlled by the passive control end to acquire sediment output area images; when the difference of the boundary between the continuous scouring and the transparent water tank bottom bed on the upper surface of the sediment in the sediment output tank is larger than the set distance, the stepping motor is triggered to push the sediment in the sediment output tank to move upwards through the control piston until the upper surface of the sediment in the sediment output tank is basically flush with the transparent water tank bottom bed again.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the device has the advantages of ingenious structure, good integrity, high efficiency and low device cost.
2. The interface difference value between the upper surface of sediment in the sediment output tank and the bottom bed of the water tank is monitored in real time through the driving control end and the driven control end, the piston is pushed through the stepping motor after the threshold value is set, so that the upper surface of the sediment is flushed with the bottom bed of the water tank, and the influence of terrain evolution and erodible amount on the sediment erosion rate calculation is eliminated.
3. An acoustic Doppler current meter obtains three-dimensional flow velocity data around the sediment output tank to estimate the shear stress of the bottom bed; the suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument is used for recording the sediment concentration peak value in the circulating water body and measuring the sediment concentration in different water depths in the water storage tank, and the calculated sediment erosion rate in the water tank is matched with the sediment erosion process direction collected by the high-frequency camera.
4. The gradient of the bottom bed of the water tank of the device is adjustable, and a quantitative relation between the inclination angle and the erosion rate of sediment can be established;
5. the whole testing process is dynamically circulated, and the data integrity is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a detail view of a portion of the components of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a laser transmitter, 2 a high-frequency digital camera, 3 an active control end, 4 a passive control end, 5 a data transmission line, 6 a stepping motor driving end, 7 a stepping motor, 8 a silt supplementing groove, 9 a silt output groove, 10 a liftable support table, 11 a gradient measuring instrument, 12 a steady flow panel, 13 an adjustable slope, 14 a tail gate, 15.1 suspended silt concentration measuring instrument, 16 an acoustic Doppler current meter, 17 an acrylic transparent water tank, 18 an inflow tank, 19 a flow guide pipe, 20 a sensitive flow meter, 21 a control valve, 22 a centrifugal water pump, 23.2 suspended silt concentration measuring instrument, 24.3 suspended silt concentration measuring instrument, 25 a water storage tank, 26 a reflector, 27 an upper laser lens, 28 a lower laser lens, 29 a controlled piston and 30 a water discharge pipe.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the following technical solutions are adopted in this embodiment:
the physical model device in the embodiment is integrally divided into a circulating water tank sediment erosion part, a measuring equipment part and a main and auxiliary control end part. Circulating water tank silt erosion part realize the water body steady circulation mainly by transparent basin of ya keli, honeycomb duct, sensitive flow meter, control flap, centrifugal pump, stabilizer, inflow case and tail-gate etc. silt delivery tank and silt supply tank provide normal position erosion silt, silt delivery tank in silt upper surface flush with the basin bed (1 mm lower than the basin bed).
The measuring part obtains three-dimensional flow velocity data around the sediment output tank by an acoustic Doppler current meter so as to estimate the shear stress of the bottom bed; the No. 1 suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument is used for recording the peak value of the sediment concentration in the circulating water body; the No. 2-3 suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument is used for measuring the sediment concentration in different water depths in the water storage tank so as to calculate the sediment erosion rate in the water tank.
And a main control end in the main and auxiliary control ends receives a laser start-stop signal and inputs the laser start-stop signal into a passive control end, and the passive control end controls the high-frequency digital camera to acquire sediment output area images. Based on image processing (edge detection algorithm), when the difference between the upper surface of sediment in the sediment output groove and the boundary of the bottom bed of the water tank is larger than 1mm due to continuous scouring, a stepping motor in a passive control end is triggered, and the sediment in the sediment output groove is pushed to move upwards by 1mm through a control piston until the upper surface of the sediment in the sediment output groove is basically flush with the bottom bed of the water tank again.
The working process of the embodiment: the bottom of the transparent acrylic water tank 17 is provided with an adjustable slope 13, the gradient of the adjustable slope is controlled by a lifting support table 10, and a gradient measurer 11 can give the gradient of the current bed. The control valve 21 on the draft tube 19 is opened, the centrifugal water pump 22 pumps the circulating water out of the water storage tank 25, the sensitive flow meter 20 monitors the flow in real time, the water flows into the water tank from the inflow tank 18, the steady flow panel 12 is placed on the water surface at the front end of the water tank to eliminate the disturbance of the water surface, and the circulating water flows back to the water storage tank from the drain pipe 30 below the tail gate 14.
The silt upper surface and the bottom bed of the water tank are basically leveled in the silt output groove 9, the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter 1 penetrates through the upper laser lens 27 and the lower laser lens 28 to brighten the silt output groove area after passing through the reflector 26, the active control end 3 inputs a laser turn-on signal into the passive control end 4 through the data transmission line 5, and the high-frequency digital camera 2 starts to collect silt output area images. Based on image processing (edge detection algorithm), when the difference between the upper surface of sediment in the sediment output tank and the boundary of the bottom bed of the water tank is larger than 1mm due to continuous scouring, a starting program of a driving end 6 of a stepping motor in a passive control end is triggered, the stepping motor 7 is driven, and the sediment in the sediment output tank is pushed to move upwards by 1mm through a controlled piston 29 until the upper surface of the sediment in the sediment output tank is flushed with the bottom bed of the water tank again, so that the operation is repeated. When the amount of silt in the silt output groove is insufficient, the silt is supplemented through the silt supplementing groove 8 at the lower end. An acoustic Doppler current meter 16 acquires three-dimensional flow velocity data around the sediment output tank to estimate the shear stress of the bottom bed; the No. 1 suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument 15 is used for recording the peak value of the sediment concentration in the circulating water body; no. 2 suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument 23 and No. 3 suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument 24 are used for measuring the sediment concentration in different water depths in the water storage tank so as to calculate the sediment erosion rate in the water tank.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "top," "vertical," "bottom," "inside," "side," "vertical," "up," "down," "upper," "down," "rear," "height," "front," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention is described above as a preferred embodiment, and not limited to the scope of the invention, and all technical fields related to the invention, which are directly or indirectly applicable to other related products by using equivalent structural changes made from the content of the present specification, are included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. Silt erosion test system based on digital imaging technique, characterized in that: the system is divided into a circulating water tank sediment erosion part, a measuring equipment part and a main and auxiliary control end part;
the silt erosion part of the circulating water tank comprises a water storage tank, a transparent water tank, a flow guide pipe, a sensitive flow meter, a control valve, a centrifugal water pump, a steady flow panel, a flow inlet tank, a drain pipe and a tail gate, so that stable circulation of a water body is realized; the water body is introduced into the inflow tank from the water storage tank through the centrifugal water pump and the flow guide pipe, the outlet of the inflow tank is communicated with the transparent water tank, the upper part close to the outlet is provided with a flow stabilizing panel, the transparent water tank far away from the outlet is provided with a tail gate, and a drain pipe is arranged below the tail gate and communicated with the water storage tank; a silt output groove is arranged in the middle of the transparent water tank and used for providing in-situ erosion silt; the upper surface of the silt in the silt output tank is basically flush with the bottom bed of the transparent water tank; the flow guide pipe is provided with a sensitive flow meter and a control valve;
the measuring part comprises an acoustic Doppler current meter, a first suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument, a second suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument and a third suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument; the acoustic Doppler current meter acquires three-dimensional flow velocity data around the sediment output tank so as to estimate the shear stress of the bottom bed; the first suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument is used for recording the peak value of the sediment concentration in the circulating water body of the transparent water tank; the second suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument and the third suspended sediment concentration measuring instrument are used for measuring the sediment concentration in the water storage tank at different water depths so as to calculate the sediment erosion rate in the transparent water tank;
the master-slave control end part comprises a master control end, a passive control end, a high-frequency digital camera, a laser transmitter, a stepping motor and a controlled piston; the high-frequency digital camera is controlled by the passive control end to acquire sediment output area images; when the difference of the boundary between the continuous scouring and the transparent water tank bottom bed on the upper surface of the sediment in the sediment output tank is larger than the set distance, the stepping motor is triggered to push the sediment in the sediment output tank to move upwards through the control piston until the upper surface of the sediment in the sediment output tank is basically flush with the transparent water tank bottom bed again.
2. The sediment erosion test system based on digital imaging technology of claim 1, characterized in that: the inclination of the transparent water tank can be adjusted.
3. The sediment erosion test system based on the digital imaging technology of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the flow stabilizing panel is placed on the water surface at the front end of the transparent water tank to eliminate water surface disturbance.
4. The sediment erosion test system based on the digital imaging technology of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the laser beam passes through the reflector and then penetrates through the double-layer lens to brighten the sediment output groove area.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111097167.0A CN114046961A (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Sediment erosion testing system based on digital imaging technology |
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| CN202111097167.0A CN114046961A (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Sediment erosion testing system based on digital imaging technology |
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2021
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| CN102680204A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-09-19 | 河海大学 | Method and device for simulating bottom sludge erosion and transmission feature in rectangular trough |
| CN202614752U (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2012-12-19 | 河海大学 | Device for simulating bottom sediment erosion and transmission features of variable-slope rectangular water tank |
| CN202854131U (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-04-03 | 河海大学 | Water channel device for simulating erosion and transmission characteristics of bottom mud under combined action of waves and lake currents |
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