CN114046557A - Cogeneration flexibility adjusting device and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Cogeneration flexibility adjusting device and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 316
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
- F24D2220/10—Heat storage materials, e.g. phase change materials or static water enclosed in a space
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention relates to a flexibility adjusting device for cogeneration and an operation method thereof, wherein the device comprises a condenser, a steam heater, a low-temperature heat storage tank and a high-temperature heat storage tank, and the operation method comprises the steps of changing the water inlet and outlet directions and the water flow of the low-temperature heat storage tank, reducing the steam extraction quantity and increasing the steam exhaust quantity in order to increase the power generation quantity of a steam turbine in the power peak period, and storing the increased waste heat which cannot be recovered into the low-temperature heat storage tank; in the low-ebb period of the electric power, in order to reduce the generating capacity of the steam turbine, the steam inlet quantity of the steam turbine is reduced, the steam extraction quantity is increased, so that the steam exhaust quantity is reduced, the return water of the low-temperature heat supply network can be divided into one part to enter the low-temperature heat storage tank, and the waste heat stored in the peak period is released; and the heat supply amount is kept stable when the steam extraction amount of the steam turbine is adjusted according to the electric load requirement by changing the water inlet and outlet directions and the water flow of the high-temperature heat storage tank. The invention enables the cogeneration unit to carry out large-scale electric load adjustment according to the power grid requirement, and simultaneously recovers the waste heat of the dead steam in a high proportion, thereby ensuring the heat supply capacity of the cogeneration unit and improving the energy efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cogeneration regulating device and an operation method thereof, in particular to a cogeneration flexibility regulating device based on the return water temperature of a low heat supply network and an operation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of energy power.
Background
In recent years, a large-temperature-difference long-distance heat supply technology is popularized and applied on a large scale, the technology can fully recover the waste heat of a thermal power plant far away from a city, and the waste heat is economically conveyed to a city load area to provide a clean heat supply heat source for the city. With the increasing proportion of renewable energy power generation power supplies, the renewable energy power supplies such as wind power and photoelectricity have volatility and randomness, and the power generation power is limited by objective conditions such as seasons, weather conditions and atmospheric pollution conditions, and belongs to uncontrollable power supplies. The thermal power plant belongs to controllable power, and in order to meet the requirements of electric power supply and demand balance and safe operation of a power grid, the main functions of the thermal power plant are changed from the basic load of the power grid, which is born at present, into the power supply of power grid peak regulation, so that higher requirements are provided for the flexibility of the thermal power plant.
At present, the heat and power cogeneration occupation ratio of a thermal power plant in the north is high, the heat and power cogeneration units still run according to the traditional mode of 'fixing power with heat', the power generation adjusting capacity of the heat and power cogeneration units is limited by heat supply, and the flexibility is further reduced. At present, in the period of generating renewable energy of a power grid in winter, when the generating load of a thermal power plant is limited and the generating power must be reduced, the heating capacity can be influenced by different degrees.
Therefore, researchers provide a low-pressure cylinder zero-output technology, a steam turbine only keeps minimum cooling flow for a low-pressure cylinder in a deep peak regulation period of an electric power valley period, most of medium-pressure cylinder exhaust steam is used for heat supply, and the mode meets the requirement that the generating power of a unit is reduced in the valley period to a certain extent but the heat supply capacity is not influenced. However, in this way, after the power demand is increased during the peak period of power, the power plant cannot increase the power generation power under the condition of ensuring heat supply.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a flexibility adjusting device for cogeneration based on low heat supply network return water temperature, which combines heat storage technology with cogeneration and power plant waste heat recovery, and the device fully utilizes the characteristic that the return water temperature of the heat supply network is greatly lower than the exhaust steam temperature of a steam turbine on the premise that the heat supply network adopts large temperature difference technology to reduce the return water temperature of the heat supply network to 10-30 ℃, so that a cogeneration unit can perform large-scale electric load adjustment according to the power grid requirement, and simultaneously recovers the waste steam waste heat in high proportion, thereby ensuring the heating capacity of the cogeneration unit, improving the energy efficiency, and reducing the investment, thereby improving the economy; another object of the present invention is to provide a method of operating the cogeneration flexibility regulation apparatus.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a flexibility adjusting device for cogeneration, which comprises a condenser, a steam heater, a low-temperature heat storage tank and a high-temperature heat storage tank, wherein the condenser is connected with the steam heater; the low-temperature heat storage tank is connected between a heat supply network water inlet and a heat supply network water outlet of the condenser in parallel, and the high-temperature heat storage tank is connected between a heat supply network water inlet and a heat supply network water outlet of the steam heater in parallel; and a steam inlet of the steam condenser is connected with a steam exhaust pipeline of the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder, and a steam inlet of the steam heater is connected with a steam extraction pipeline of the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder.
The flexibility adjusting device for cogeneration is preferably characterized in that the heat supply network water return pipeline is connected with a heat supply network water inlet of the condenser and a first water inlet and outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank, a heat supply network water outlet of the condenser and a second water inlet and outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank are connected to the same pipeline and then divided into two pipelines which are respectively connected to a heat supply network water inlet of the steam heater and a first water inlet and outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank, and a second water inlet and outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank and a heat supply network water outlet of the steam heater are connected to the same pipeline and then connected to the heat supply network water supply pipeline.
The flexibility adjusting device for cogeneration preferably further comprises a peak heater, wherein a second water inlet and a second water outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank and a heat supply network water outlet of the steam heater are connected to the same pipeline and then connected to a heat supply network water inlet of the peak heater, and the heat supply network water outlet of the peak heater is connected to the heat supply network water supply pipeline; meanwhile, a steam inlet of the peak heater is connected with a steam extraction pipeline of the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an operation method of the cogeneration flexibility adjusting apparatus, including:
1) electrical load trough period:
increasing the steam extraction flow of the steam turbine, correspondingly reducing the exhaust steam flow, respectively enabling the low-temperature heat supply network backwater to enter the condenser and the low-temperature heat storage tank, and adjusting the low-temperature heat supply network backwater flow entering the condenser according to the exhaust steam flow so as to keep the temperature of the heat supply network water outlet of the condenser unchanged;
the rest low-temperature heat supply network backwater enters a low-temperature heat storage tank, low-temperature water stored in the low-temperature heat storage tank is replaced, flows out through a first water inlet and outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank and is mixed with medium-temperature water flowing out of a heat supply network water outlet of a condenser;
then, the mixed medium-temperature water is mixed with the outlet water of the high-temperature heat storage tank, then enters a steam heater for heating, and simultaneously the outlet water flow of the high-temperature heat storage tank is adjusted, so that the outlet water temperature of the heat supply network water of the steam heater is equal to the heat storage temperature required by the high-temperature heat storage tank;
and finally, dividing high-temperature water outlet of the steam heater into two paths respectively, wherein one path of the high-temperature water outlet enters the high-temperature heat storage tank, and the other path of the high-temperature water outlet enters the water supply pipeline of the heat supply network.
2) Electric load peak period:
the steam extraction flow of the steam turbine is reduced, the exhaust steam flow is correspondingly increased, the low-temperature heat supply network water backwater is mixed with the low-temperature effluent of the low-temperature heat storage tank and then enters the condenser together, and the temperature of the heat supply network water effluent of the condenser is kept unchanged by adjusting the effluent flow of the low-temperature heat storage tank;
then, dividing the water discharged from the heat supply network of the condenser into two parts, respectively feeding the two parts into a steam heater and a high-temperature heat storage tank for heating, then mixing, and feeding the mixed water into a water supply pipeline of the heat supply network;
meanwhile, the flow of the heat supply network water entering the steam heater is adjusted according to the extraction flow entering the steam heater, so that the temperature of the mixed heat supply network water meets the requirement of the water supply temperature of the heat supply network.
Preferably, when the operation method further comprises a peak heater, in a low-valley period of the electric load, the water outlet of the steam heater is divided into two paths, wherein one path enters the high-temperature heat storage tank, the other path enters the peak heater, and if the temperature of the hot network water of the path is lower than the required temperature of the hot network water supply, the peak heater is started to further heat the hot network water of the path to the required temperature, and then the hot network water supply is sent to the hot network water supply pipeline;
and in the peak period of the electric load, the water outlet of the steam heater is mixed with the water outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank, and if the temperature of the mixed heat supply network water is lower than the required temperature, the peak heater is started to further heat the mixed heat supply network water to the required temperature and then the mixed heat supply network water is sent into a heat supply network water supply pipeline.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a flexibility adjusting device for cogeneration, which comprises a condenser, a steam heater, a low-temperature heat storage tank, a high-temperature heat storage tank and a water-water heat exchanger, wherein the steam heater is arranged on the condenser;
the steam heater and the water-water heat exchanger are connected in series between a heat supply network water return pipeline and a heat supply network water supply pipeline, and the condenser and the water-water heat exchanger form a circulation loop; the low-temperature heat storage tank is connected in parallel between a heat supply network water inlet and a heat supply network water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger, and the high-temperature heat storage tank is connected in parallel between a heat supply network water inlet and a heat supply network water outlet of the steam heater;
and a steam inlet of the steam condenser is connected with a steam exhaust pipeline of the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder, and a steam inlet of the steam heater is connected with a steam extraction pipeline of the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder.
The cogeneration flexibility adjusting device is preferably configured such that the heat supply network water return pipeline is connected to a heat supply network water inlet of the water-water heat exchanger and a first water inlet and outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank, a heat supply network water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger and a second water inlet and outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank are connected to the same pipeline, and then divided into two pipelines which are respectively connected to a heat supply network water inlet of the steam heater and a first water inlet and outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank, and a second water inlet and outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank and a heat supply network water outlet of the steam heater are connected to the same pipeline, and then connected to the heat supply network water supply pipeline;
and a circulating cooling water inlet of the water-water heat exchanger is connected with a circulating cooling water outlet of the condenser, and a circulating cooling water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger is connected with a circulating cooling water inlet of the condenser.
The combined heat and power generation flexibility adjusting device preferably further comprises a peak heater, wherein a second water inlet and a second water outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank and a heat supply network water outlet of the steam heater are connected to the same pipeline and then connected to a heat supply network water inlet of the peak heater, and the heat supply network water outlet of the peak heater is connected to a heat supply network water supply pipeline; meanwhile, a steam inlet of the peak heater is connected with a steam extraction pipeline of a low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an operation method of the cogeneration flexibility adjusting apparatus, including:
1) electrical load trough period:
the extraction flow of the steam turbine is increased, the exhaust steam flow is correspondingly reduced, the low-temperature heat supply network backwater respectively enters the water-water heat exchanger and the low-temperature heat storage tank, the exhaust steam of the steam turbine enters the condenser for condensation, cooling circulating water flows out of the water-water heat exchanger, enters the condenser for heating, and then flows into the water-water heat exchanger for heat exchange with the low-temperature heat supply network backwater; according to the exhaust steam flow, adjusting the flow of cooling circulating water entering a water-water heat exchanger to keep the temperature of the cooling circulating water outlet water of the condenser unchanged, and simultaneously adjusting the flow of low-temperature heat supply network return water entering the water-water heat exchanger to keep the temperature of the heat supply network water outlet water of the water-water heat exchanger unchanged;
the rest low-temperature heat supply network backwater enters the low-temperature heat storage tank, low-temperature water stored in the low-temperature heat storage tank is replaced, flows out through a first water inlet and a first water outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank and is mixed with medium-temperature water flowing out of a heat supply network water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger;
then, the mixed medium-temperature water is mixed with the water discharged from the high-temperature heat storage tank, and then enters a steam heater for heating, and the water discharge flow of the high-temperature heat storage tank is adjusted at the same time, so that the water discharge temperature of the steam heater is equal to the heat storage temperature required by the high-temperature heat storage tank;
and finally, dividing high-temperature water outlet of the steam heater into two paths respectively, wherein one path of the high-temperature water outlet enters the high-temperature heat storage tank, and the other path of the high-temperature water outlet enters the water supply pipeline of the heat supply network.
2) Electric load peak period:
the reduced steam extraction flow of the steam turbine and the exhaust steam flow are correspondingly increased, the low-temperature heat supply network water backwater is mixed with the low-temperature water outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank and then enters the water-water heat exchanger together, the cooling circulating water flow entering the water-water heat exchanger is adjusted, so that the outlet water temperature of the cooling circulating water of the condenser is kept unchanged, and meanwhile, the low-temperature heat supply network backwater flow entering the water-water heat exchanger is adjusted, so that the outlet water temperature of the heat supply network water of the water-water heat exchanger is kept unchanged;
then, the water discharged from the heat supply network of the water-water heat exchanger is divided into two streams, the two streams enter a steam heater and a high-temperature heat storage tank respectively and are heated and then mixed, and the mixed water of the heat supply network is sent to a water supply pipeline of the heat supply network;
meanwhile, the flow of the heat supply network water entering the steam heater is adjusted according to the extraction flow entering the steam heater, so that the temperature of the mixed heat supply network water meets the requirement of the water supply temperature of the heat supply network.
Preferably, when the operation method further comprises a peak heater, in a low-valley period of the electric load, the water outlet of the steam heater is divided into two paths, wherein one path enters the high-temperature heat storage tank, the other path enters the peak heater, and if the temperature of the hot network water of the path is lower than the required temperature of the hot network water supply, the peak heater is started to further heat the hot network water of the path to the required temperature, and then the hot network water supply is sent to the hot network water supply pipeline;
and in the peak period of the electric load, the water outlet of the steam heater is mixed with the water outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank, and if the temperature of the mixed heat supply network water is lower than the required temperature, the peak heater is started to further heat the mixed heat supply network water to the required temperature and then the mixed heat supply network water is sent into a heat supply network water supply pipeline.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1. in the peak period of the electric load, when the steam turbine reduces the steam extraction amount for increasing the generated energy, the device can store the waste heat which cannot be recovered to the valley period for recovery, and simultaneously releases heat from the high-temperature heat storage tank to make up for the heat supply requirement; the steam turbine increases steam extraction to reduce the steam exhaust amount in the low-ebb period of the electric load, stores low-temperature heat supply network backwater into a low-temperature tank for recovering the waste heat of the steam exhaust in the peak period, and extracts steam for heating the heat supply network water and storing water in a high-temperature heat storage tank; the device realizes the deep peak regulation capacity which is the same as the zero output technology of the low-pressure cylinder in the low-load valley period, increases the generated energy under the condition of keeping the heat supply capacity not to be reduced in the high-load peak period, improves the power generation regulation capacity of the cogeneration unit and improves the system energy efficiency.
2. The device disclosed by the invention fully utilizes the characteristic that the return water temperature of the heat supply network is greatly lower than the exhaust steam temperature of the steam turbine on the premise that the return water temperature of the heat supply network is reduced to 10-30 ℃ by adopting a large temperature difference technology based on the heat supply network, combines the regulation of steam extraction of the steam turbine, directly stores the low-temperature heat supply network water into the low-temperature heat storage tank in the low-ebb period of the electric load, and recovers the exhaust steam waste heat of the steam turbine through direct heat exchange in the peak period of the electric load, so that the transfer of heat between the low-temperature tank and the high-temperature tank and the improvement of the taste are realized without a heat pump, the equipment investment is greatly reduced, and the economy is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cogeneration flexibility adjusting apparatus provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexibility regulating apparatus for cogeneration provided in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cogeneration flexibility adjusting apparatus provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the system or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used to define elements only for convenience in distinguishing between the elements, and unless otherwise stated have no special meaning and are not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like elements in the various figures are denoted by like reference numerals. For purposes of clarity, the various features in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
The invention provides a flexibility adjusting device for cogeneration and an operation method thereof, wherein the device comprises a condenser, a steam heater, a low-temperature heat storage tank and a high-temperature heat storage tank, and the operation method comprises the steps of changing the water inlet and outlet directions and the water flow of the low-temperature heat storage tank, reducing the steam extraction quantity and increasing the steam exhaust quantity in order to increase the power generation quantity of a steam turbine in the power peak period, and storing the increased waste heat which cannot be recovered into the low-temperature heat storage tank; in the low-ebb period of the electric power, in order to reduce the generating capacity of the steam turbine, the steam inlet quantity of the steam turbine is reduced, the steam extraction quantity is increased, so that the steam exhaust quantity is reduced, the return water of the low-temperature heat supply network can be divided into one part to enter the low-temperature heat storage tank, and the waste heat stored in the peak period is released; and the heating quantity of the peak heater is changed by changing the water inlet and outlet directions and the flow of the high-temperature heat storage tank, so that the heating quantity is kept stable when the steam extraction quantity of the steam turbine is adjusted according to the electric load requirement. The invention enables the cogeneration unit to carry out large-scale electric load adjustment according to the power grid requirement, and simultaneously recovers the waste heat of the dead steam in a high proportion, thereby ensuring the heat supply capacity of the cogeneration unit and improving the energy efficiency.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the flexibility adjusting device for cogeneration based on the return water temperature of the low heat supply network provided by this embodiment includes a condenser 1, a steam heater 2, a low-temperature heat storage tank 3, and a high-temperature heat storage tank 4. Wherein, condenser 1 and steam heater 2 are established ties between heat supply network return water pipeline and heat supply network water supply pipeline, and low temperature heat accumulation jar 3 is parallelly connected with condenser 1 parallelly connected, and high temperature heat accumulation jar 4 is parallelly connected with steam heater 2 parallelly connected. Specifically, the heat supply network return water pipeline is connected with the heat supply network water inlet of condenser 1 and the bottom inlet and outlet of low-temperature heat storage tank 3, the heat supply network water outlet of condenser 1 and the top inlet and outlet of low-temperature heat storage tank 3 are connected to the same pipeline, then, the heat supply network return water pipeline is divided into two pipelines, the heat supply network water inlet of steam heater 2 and the bottom inlet and outlet of high-temperature heat storage tank 4 are connected to respectively, the top inlet and outlet of high-temperature heat storage tank 4 and the heat supply network water outlet of steam heater 2 are connected to the same pipeline, and then, the heat supply network return water pipeline is connected to the heat supply network water pipeline.
The exhaust pipeline of the low-pressure turbine cylinder (L.P.) is connected to the steam inlet of the condenser 1, and the exhaust pipeline of the low-pressure turbine cylinder (I.P) is connected to the steam inlet of the steam heater 2.
Based on the combined heat and power generation flexibility adjusting device based on the low heat supply network return water temperature provided in the embodiment, the invention also provides an operation method of the combined heat and power generation flexibility adjusting device, which comprises the following steps:
1) electrical load trough period: the extraction flow of the steam turbine is increased, the exhaust steam flow is correspondingly reduced, the low-temperature heat supply network backwater respectively enters the condenser 1 and the low-temperature heat storage tank 3, and the low-temperature heat supply network backwater flow entering the condenser 1 is adjusted according to the exhaust steam flow, so that the temperature of the heat supply network water outlet of the condenser 1 is kept unchanged; the rest low-temperature heat supply network backwater enters the low-temperature heat storage tank 3, low-temperature water stored in the low-temperature heat storage tank 3 is replaced, flows out through a water inlet and a water outlet at the top of the low-temperature heat storage tank 3 and is mixed with medium-temperature water flowing out of a heat supply network water outlet of the condenser 1; then, the mixed medium-temperature water is mixed with the bottom water of the high-temperature heat storage tank 4 and then enters the steam heater 2 for heating, and meanwhile, the bottom water flow of the high-temperature heat storage tank 4 is adjusted, so that the temperature of the heat supply network water outlet of the steam heater 2 is equal to the heat storage temperature required by the high-temperature heat storage tank 4; and finally, dividing the high-temperature water outlet of the steam heater 2 into two paths respectively, wherein one path enters the high-temperature heat storage tank 4, and the other path enters a heat supply network water supply pipeline.
2) Electric load peak period: the extraction flow of the steam turbine is reduced, the exhaust steam flow is correspondingly increased, the low-temperature heat supply network water backwater is mixed with the low-temperature effluent of the low-temperature heat storage tank 3 and then enters the condenser 1, and the temperature of the heat supply network water effluent of the condenser 1 is kept unchanged by adjusting the effluent flow of the low-temperature heat storage tank 3; then, the water discharged from the heat supply network of the condenser 1 is divided into two streams, which respectively enter the steam heater 2 and the high-temperature heat storage tank 4 for heating and then are mixed, and the mixed water of the heat supply network is sent to a water supply pipeline of the heat supply network; meanwhile, the flow of the heat supply network water entering the steam heater 2 is adjusted according to the extraction flow entering the steam heater 2, so that the temperature of the mixed heat supply network water meets the requirement of the water supply temperature of the heat supply network.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2, the cogeneration flexibility adjusting device based on the low heat supply network return water temperature provided by this embodiment further includes a peak heater 5 on the basis of embodiment 1, at this time, after the water inlet and outlet at the top of the high-temperature heat storage tank 4 and the water inlet and outlet of the steam heater 2 are connected to the same pipeline, the water inlet and outlet are connected to the heat supply network water inlet of the peak heater 5, and the heat supply network water outlet of the peak heater 5 is connected to the heat supply network water supply pipeline. Meanwhile, the steam extraction pipe of the low pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is connected to the steam inlet of the spike heater 5.
At the time of the low valley period of the electric load, the water outlet of the steam heater 2 is divided into two paths, wherein one path enters the high-temperature heat storage tank 4, the other path enters the peak heater 5, and if the temperature of the heat supply network water is lower than the required temperature of the heat supply network water supply, the peak heater 5 is started to further heat the heat supply network water to the required temperature, and then the heat supply network water supply is sent into a heat supply network water supply pipeline.
And in the peak period of the electric load, the water outlet of the steam heater 2 is mixed with the water outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank 4, and if the temperature of the mixed heat supply network water is lower than the required temperature, the peak heater 5 is started to further heat the mixed heat supply network water to the required temperature and then send the mixed heat supply network water into a heat supply network water supply pipeline.
The flexibility adjusting device for cogeneration provided by the embodiment is suitable for a system in which the water supply temperature of a heat supply network is higher than the highest heat storage temperature of the high-temperature heat storage tank 4, and the stored water of the high-temperature heat storage tank 4 is heated to the required temperature by the peak heater 5 and then supplied to the heat supply network.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 3, the cogeneration flexibility adjusting device based on the low heat supply network return water temperature provided in this embodiment further includes a water-water heat exchanger 6 on the basis of embodiment 1, at this time, a heat supply network water inlet of the water-water heat exchanger 6 is connected to a heat supply network return water pipe, a heat supply network water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger 6 and a top water inlet and outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank 3 are connected to the same pipe, a circulating cooling water inlet of the water-water heat exchanger 6 is connected to a circulating cooling water outlet of the condenser 1, and a circulating cooling water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger 6 is connected to a circulating cooling water inlet of the condenser 1.
At this time, the operation method of the cogeneration flexibility adjusting device is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, and the difference is that only the exhaust steam of the steam turbine enters the condenser 1 for condensation, and the cooling circulating water flows out of the water-water heat exchanger 6, enters the condenser 1 for heating, and then flows into the water-water heat exchanger 6 for heat exchange with the return water of the heat supply network.
The combined heat and power generation flexibility adjusting device that this embodiment provided is applicable to under the near not enough condition in space of unit, through water-water heat exchanger 6, retrieves the waste heat in the unit cooling cycle aquatic.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A flexibility adjusting device for cogeneration is characterized by comprising a condenser (1), a steam heater (2), a low-temperature heat storage tank (3) and a high-temperature heat storage tank (4);
the condenser (1) and the steam heater (2) are connected in series between a heat supply network water return pipeline and a heat supply network water supply pipeline, the low-temperature heat storage tank (3) is connected in parallel between a heat supply network water inlet and a heat supply network water outlet of the condenser (1), and the high-temperature heat storage tank (4) is connected in parallel between the heat supply network water inlet and the heat supply network water outlet of the steam heater (2);
the steam inlet of the condenser (1) is connected with a steam exhaust pipeline of a low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, and the steam inlet of the steam heater (2) is connected with a steam extraction pipeline of the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine.
2. The cogeneration flexibility regulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat network water return pipe is connected to a heat network water inlet of the condenser (1) and a first water inlet and outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank (3), the heat network water outlet of the condenser (1) and a second water inlet and outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank (3) are connected to the same pipe, and then divided into two pipes, which are respectively connected to a heat network water inlet of the steam heater (2) and a first water inlet and outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank (4), and the second water inlet and outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank (4) and a heat network water outlet of the steam heater (2) are connected to the same pipe, and then connected to the heat network water supply pipe.
3. The flexibility adjustment device for cogeneration according to claim 2, further comprising a spike heater (5), wherein the second water inlet and outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank (4) and the heat network water outlet of the steam heater (2) are connected to the same pipeline and then connected to the heat network water inlet of the spike heater (5), and the heat network water outlet of the spike heater (5) is connected to the heat network water supply pipeline;
meanwhile, a steam inlet of the peak heater (5) is connected with a steam extraction pipeline of the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine.
4. A method of operating a cogeneration flexibility control apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
1) electrical load trough period:
the extraction flow of the steam turbine is increased, the exhaust steam flow is correspondingly reduced, the low-temperature heat supply network backwater respectively enters the condenser (1) and the low-temperature heat storage tank (3), and the low-temperature heat supply network backwater flow entering the condenser (1) is adjusted according to the exhaust steam flow, so that the temperature of the heat supply network water outlet of the condenser (1) is kept unchanged;
the rest low-temperature heat supply network backwater enters the low-temperature heat storage tank (3), low-temperature water stored in the low-temperature heat storage tank (3) is replaced, flows out through a first water inlet and outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank (3) and is mixed with medium-temperature water flowing out of a heat supply network water outlet of the condenser (1);
then, the mixed medium-temperature water is mixed with the outlet water of the high-temperature heat storage tank (4) and then enters the steam heater (2) for heating, and meanwhile, the outlet water flow of the high-temperature heat storage tank (4) is adjusted, so that the outlet water temperature of the heat supply network water of the steam heater (2) is equal to the heat storage temperature required by the high-temperature heat storage tank (4);
and finally, dividing the high-temperature outlet water of the steam heater (2) into two paths respectively, wherein one path of the high-temperature outlet water enters the high-temperature heat storage tank (4), and the other path of the high-temperature outlet water enters a water supply pipeline of a heat supply network.
2) Electric load peak period:
the reduced steam extraction flow of the steam turbine and the exhaust steam flow are correspondingly increased, the backwater of the low-temperature heat supply network water is mixed with the low-temperature effluent of the low-temperature heat storage tank (3) and then enters the condenser (1), and the temperature of the effluent of the heat supply network water of the condenser (1) is kept unchanged by adjusting the effluent flow of the low-temperature heat storage tank (3);
then, the water discharged from the heat supply network of the condenser (1) is divided into two streams, the two streams enter a steam heater (2) and a high-temperature heat storage tank (4) respectively and are heated and then mixed, and the mixed water of the heat supply network is sent to a water supply pipeline of the heat supply network;
meanwhile, the flow of the heat supply network water entering the steam heater (2) is adjusted according to the extraction flow entering the steam heater (2), so that the temperature of the mixed heat supply network water meets the requirement of the water supply temperature of the heat supply network.
5. The operation method of claim 4, characterized in that when the peak heater (5) is further included, during the low valley period of the electric load, the water outlet of the steam heater (2) is divided into two paths, wherein one path enters the high-temperature heat storage tank (4), the other path enters the peak heater (5), and if the temperature of the hot network water is lower than the required temperature of the hot network water supply, the peak heater (5) is started to further heat the hot network water to the required temperature and then the hot network water supply is sent to the hot network water supply pipeline;
and in the peak period of the electric load, the water outlet of the steam heater (2) is mixed with the water outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank (4), and if the temperature of the mixed heat supply network water is lower than the required temperature, the peak heater (5) is started to further heat the mixed heat supply network water to the required temperature, and then the mixed heat supply network water is sent into a heat supply network water supply pipeline.
6. A flexibility adjusting device for cogeneration is characterized by comprising a condenser (1), a steam heater (2), a low-temperature heat storage tank (3), a high-temperature heat storage tank (4) and a water-water heat exchanger (6);
the steam heater (2) and the water-water heat exchanger (6) are connected in series between a heat supply network water return pipeline and a heat supply network water supply pipeline, and the condenser (1) and the water-water heat exchanger (6) form a circulation loop; the low-temperature heat storage tank (3) is connected in parallel between a heat supply network water inlet and a heat supply network water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger (6), and the high-temperature heat storage tank (4) is connected in parallel between a heat supply network water inlet and a heat supply network water outlet of the steam heater (2);
the steam inlet of the condenser (1) is connected with a steam exhaust pipeline of a low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, and the steam inlet of the steam heater (2) is connected with a steam extraction pipeline of the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine.
7. The cogeneration flexibility adjusting device according to claim 6, characterized in that the heat supply network return pipe is connected with the heat supply network water inlet of the water-water heat exchanger (6) and the first water inlet and outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank (3), the heat supply network water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger (6) and the second water inlet and outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank (3) are connected to the same pipe, and then divided into two pipes, which are respectively connected to the heat supply network water inlet of the steam heater (2) and the first water inlet and outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank (4), and the second water inlet and outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank (4) and the heat supply network water outlet of the steam heater (2) are connected to the same pipe, and then connected to the heat supply network water pipe;
and a circulating cooling water inlet of the water-water heat exchanger (6) is connected with a circulating cooling water outlet of the condenser (1), and a circulating cooling water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger (6) is connected with a circulating cooling water inlet of the condenser (1).
8. The flexibility adjustment device for cogeneration according to claim 7, further comprising a spike heater (5), wherein the second water inlet and outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank (4) and the heat supply network water outlet of the steam heater (2) are connected to the same pipeline and then connected to the heat supply network water inlet of the spike heater (5), and the heat supply network water outlet of the spike heater (5) is connected to the heat supply network water pipeline;
meanwhile, a steam inlet of the peak heater (5) is connected with a steam extraction pipeline of a low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine.
9. A method of operating a cogeneration flexibility adjusting apparatus of any one of claims 6 to 8, comprising:
1) electrical load trough period:
the extraction flow of the steam turbine is increased, the exhaust steam flow is correspondingly reduced, the low-temperature heat supply network backwater respectively enters the water-water heat exchanger (6) and the low-temperature heat storage tank (3), the exhaust steam of the steam turbine enters the condenser (1) for condensation, the cooling circulating water flows out of the water-water heat exchanger (6) and enters the condenser (1) for heating, and then flows into the water-water heat exchanger (6) for heat exchange with the low-temperature heat supply network backwater; according to the exhaust steam flow, adjusting the flow of cooling circulating water entering the water-water heat exchanger (6) to keep the temperature of the cooling circulating water outlet water of the condenser (1) unchanged, and simultaneously adjusting the flow of low-temperature heat supply network return water entering the water-water heat exchanger (6) to keep the temperature of the heat supply network water outlet water of the water-water heat exchanger (6) unchanged;
the rest low-temperature heat supply network backwater enters the low-temperature heat storage tank (3), low-temperature water stored in the low-temperature heat storage tank (3) is replaced, flows out through a first water inlet and outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank (3), and is mixed with medium-temperature water flowing out of a heat supply network water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger (6);
then, the mixed medium-temperature water is mixed with the water discharged from the high-temperature heat storage tank (4) and then enters the steam heater (2) for heating, and the water discharge flow of the high-temperature heat storage tank (4) is adjusted at the same time, so that the water discharge temperature of the steam heater (2) is equal to the heat storage temperature required by the high-temperature heat storage tank (4);
and finally, dividing the high-temperature outlet water of the steam heater (2) into two paths respectively, wherein one path of the high-temperature outlet water enters the high-temperature heat storage tank (4), and the other path of the high-temperature outlet water enters a water supply pipeline of a heat supply network.
2) Electric load peak period:
the reduced steam extraction flow of the steam turbine and the exhaust steam flow are correspondingly increased, the low-temperature heat supply network water backwater and the low-temperature water outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank (3) are mixed and then enter the water-water heat exchanger (6) together, the flow of the cooling circulating water entering the water-water heat exchanger (6) is adjusted, so that the temperature of the cooling circulating water outlet of the condenser (1) is kept unchanged, and meanwhile, the flow of the low-temperature heat supply network backwater entering the water-water heat exchanger (6) is adjusted, so that the temperature of the heat supply network water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger (6) is kept unchanged;
then, the water discharged from the heat supply network of the water-water heat exchanger (6) is divided into two streams, the two streams enter a steam heater (2) and a high-temperature heat storage tank (4) respectively and are heated and then mixed, and the mixed water of the heat supply network is sent to a water supply pipeline of the heat supply network;
meanwhile, the flow of the heat supply network water entering the steam heater (2) is adjusted according to the extraction flow entering the steam heater (2), so that the temperature of the mixed heat supply network water meets the requirement of the water supply temperature of the heat supply network.
10. The operation method of claim 9, characterized in that when the peak heater (5) is further included, during the low valley period of the electric load, the water outlet of the steam heater (2) is divided into two paths, wherein one path enters the high-temperature heat storage tank (4), the other path enters the peak heater (5), and if the temperature of the hot network water is lower than the required temperature of the hot network water supply, the peak heater (5) is started to further heat the hot network water to the required temperature and then the hot network water supply is sent to the hot network water supply pipeline;
and in the peak period of the electric load, the water outlet of the steam heater (2) is mixed with the water outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank (4), and if the temperature of the mixed heat supply network water is lower than the required temperature, the peak heater (5) is started to further heat the mixed heat supply network water to the required temperature, and then the mixed heat supply network water is sent into a heat supply network water supply pipeline.
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| CN202111429439.2A CN114046557B (en) | 2021-11-29 | Flexible adjustment device for cogeneration and operation method thereof |
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| CN202111429439.2A CN114046557B (en) | 2021-11-29 | Flexible adjustment device for cogeneration and operation method thereof |
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| CN115789743A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-03-14 | 清华大学 | Cogeneration flexible system and operation method thereof |
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