CN114046535A - Adjustable blowing attached diffuser - Google Patents
Adjustable blowing attached diffuser Download PDFInfo
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- CN114046535A CN114046535A CN202111318447.XA CN202111318447A CN114046535A CN 114046535 A CN114046535 A CN 114046535A CN 202111318447 A CN202111318447 A CN 202111318447A CN 114046535 A CN114046535 A CN 114046535A
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- outer shell
- blade
- spokes
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- fixedly connected
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/26—Controlling the air flow
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable blowing-attaching diffuser which comprises a central shaft, an inner shell, a first outer shell, a second outer shell and a flow separation module. The inner shell is a hollow cylinder with two open ends; the first outer shell and the second outer shell are both hollow round tables with openings at two ends, and the diameter of the end with the smaller area of the first outer shell is larger than that of the end with the larger area of the second outer shell; the central shaft, the inner shell, the first outer shell and the second outer shell are coaxially arranged from inside to outside; the divergence angles among the first outer shell, the second outer shell and the inner shell are all alpha. A narrow air inlet is formed between the first outer shell and the second outer shell, the flow separation module is arranged in the air inlet, and the flow area is changed by adjusting the angle of the blade, so that the flow of the gas flowing into the diffuser from the air inlet is controlled. According to the invention, the wall surface of the diffuser is provided with the air blowing opening, and energy is injected into the fluid close to the wall, so that flow separation is inhibited, and the diffusion efficiency of the diffuser is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boundary layer flow control of diffuser parts, in particular to an adjustable blowing-attaching diffuser which can be used for various devices such as a gas turbine, a main combustion chamber of an aircraft engine, an afterburner and the like, and is particularly suitable for the afterburner of the aircraft engine.
Background
In power plants, diffusers are a very important component. Taking an aircraft engine as an example, in the aircraft engine, airflow flows out of a compressor at an extremely high speed, the outlet speed can reach 200m/s, and combustion is difficult to organize under the high-speed flow condition, so a diffuser is often installed at the inlet of a main combustion chamber to reduce the incoming flow speed, convert a part of dynamic pressure head into pressure energy, and then enter the combustion chamber for combustion. At the inlet of the afterburner, a diffuser is also required to be installed to reduce the airflow speed at the outlet of the turbine, and the positive effects of improving the thrust of the engine and reducing the fuel consumption rate are achieved.
The design of the diffuser requires that as much static pressure recovery as possible be achieved while ensuring as little total pressure loss as possible. With the progress of science and technology, advanced aero-engines are continuously developed towards high pressure ratio and high thrust-weight ratio, and in order to ensure the thrust-weight ratio, the weight must be reduced, so that the diffuser needs to be designed to be light and compact. The inlet speed of the combustion chamber is increased continuously, the inlet Mach number of the main combustion chamber is increased to 0.35 from the current 0.2-0.3 in the future, the inlet Mach number of the afterburner can reach 0.7, and under the high inlet speed, if the same static pressure recovery is achieved, the requirement on a diffuser is higher. However, if the reduced pressure diffusion is realized in a shorter length, flow separation occurs in the wall surface, and the total pressure loss of the diffuser is increased. The total pressure loss of the diffuser can account for 1/3 of the total pressure loss of the entire combustor, directly affecting the performance of the engine. Therefore, it should be studied how to control the boundary layer separation, achieve deceleration diffusion within the shortest distance with the least loss of flow resistance, and obtain stable flow.
Boundary layer separation can be controlled by flow separation control techniques. The flow separation control technology is generally divided into passive control and active control, the passive control such as adding a vortex generator, adding a trip line, opening a groove and the like is mainly used for improving the flow separation by changing a geometric structure, extra energy is not required to be added, and flexible adjustment cannot be carried out along with the change of actual working conditions. Active control requires the injection of additional energy such as boundary layer suction, plasma excitation, synthetic jets, etc. The currently common method is boundary layer suction, which is first proposed by Prandtl, which considers that by opening suction slots in the wall, low-energy fluid is pumped away, i.e. boundary layer separation is delayed or improved. It can improve the flow separation phenomenon and increase the diffusion efficiency.
The invention is based on an active control method, and energy is supplemented to low-energy fluid near the wall surface by forming the air blowing opening on the wall surface. The method can promote layer flow to be twisted into turbulent flow, so that the flow becomes stable. For turbulent flow. Can also play a role in delaying separation, even eliminating a backflow area and promoting the reattachment of a streamline. In addition, the flow area can be changed by adjusting the angle of the blade, so that the blowing flow can be adjusted according to the change of working conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an adjustable blowing-attached diffuser to solve the problem that when an expansion angle is too large, the wall surface of the diffuser has a flow separation phenomenon, so that loss is reduced, and the diffusion efficiency of the diffuser is improved.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an adjustable blowing attached diffuser comprises a central shaft, an inner shell, a first outer shell, a second outer shell and a flow separation module;
the inner shell is a hollow cylinder with openings at two ends;
the first outer shell and the second outer shell are both hollow round tables with openings at two ends, and the diameter of the end with the smaller area of the first outer shell is larger than that of the end with the larger area of the second outer shell;
the central shaft, the inner shell, the first outer shell and the second outer shell are coaxially arranged from inside to outside, wherein M front spokes, S blade spokes and N rear spokes are respectively arranged at the front end, the middle end and the rear end of the central shaft in the circumferential direction, and M, S, N is a natural number more than or equal to 3; the M front spokes are used for fixedly connecting the front end of the first outer shell, the front end of the inner shell and the central shaft; the N rear spokes are used for fixedly connecting the rear end of the first outer shell, the rear end of the inner shell and the central shaft; one end of each of the S blade spokes is vertically and fixedly connected with the central shaft, the other end of each of the S blade spokes penetrates through the inner shell and the first outer shell and then is positioned between the first outer shell and the second outer shell, and the blade spokes, the inner shell and the first outer shell are fixedly connected in a sealing manner;
the flow separation module comprises S adjusting units and S pull rods, S mounting holes which correspond to the blade spokes one to one are uniformly formed in the outer wall of the second outer shell in the circumferential direction, and the S adjusting units correspond to the S blade spokes one to one, namely the adjusting units, the mounting holes and the blade spokes correspond to one;
the adjusting unit comprises a rotating plate, a transmission rod, a first rotating bearing, a second rotating bearing and blades, wherein the rotating plate is a rhombic plate, and two ends of a longer diagonal line of the rotating plate are provided with hinged points; the first rotating bearing is arranged in the corresponding mounting hole of the adjusting unit, and the outer ring is fixedly connected with the second outer shell; the second rotating bearing is arranged at one end, corresponding to the blade spoke, of the adjusting unit, extending out of the first outer shell, and the inner ring is fixedly connected with the blade spoke corresponding to the adjusting unit; one end of the transmission rod is vertically and fixedly connected with the center of the rotating plate, the other end of the transmission rod penetrates through the inner ring of the first rotating bearing and is fixedly connected with one end of the blade, and the transmission rod is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the first rotating bearing; the other end of the blade is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the second rotating bearing, so that the rotating plate can drive the blade to rotate when rotating;
the S pull rods are respectively arranged among the S adjusting units, and two ends of each pull rod are respectively hinged with one hinged point of the rotating plate of the corresponding adjusting unit;
the divergence angles among the first outer shell, the second outer shell and the inner shell are all preset angle threshold values alpha.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention can destroy boundary layer, enhance turbulence, inhibit boundary layer separation in the diffuser, reduce total pressure loss generated by flow separation, and improve diffusion efficiency.
(2) The invention can shorten the length of the diffuser, increase the expansion angle, realize stable flow of the diffuser in shorter length and further effectively reduce the weight of the combustion chamber.
(2) The flow separation module is adjustable, and flexible and accurate adjustment can be realized in time when the working condition changes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable blown-on diffuser according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the inner housing cooperating with the central shaft seen from the main flow direction;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the flow module of the present invention cooperating with the first inner housing and the second inner housing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a flow separation module according to the present invention with the opening gradually reduced;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the flow field configuration of the present invention when the flow separation module is not in operation;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the flow field configuration of the present invention during operation of the flow separation module;
FIG. 7 is a graphical representation of the results of numerical simulations of the present invention when the flow separation module is not operating;
FIG. 8 is a graphical representation of the results of numerical simulations of the present invention during operation of the flow separation module.
In the figure, 1-center axis, 2A-front spokes, 2B-rear spokes, 3-diffuser inlet, 4-outer shell, 5A-first outer shell, 5B-second outer shell, 6-flow separation module, 7-blade spokes, 8-diffuser outlet, 9-main flow, 10-secondary flow, 11-rotating plate, 12-tie rod, 13-blade, 14-recirculation zone.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that the following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the following examples.
It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components and/or sections, these elements, components and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, and/or section from another. Thus, a first element, component, and/or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, or section without departing from the teachings of the present invention.
In the diffuser, when the divergence angle α is increased, the thickness of the boundary layer of the airflow is rapidly increased under the action of the backpressure gradient, so that flow separation is easily caused on the wall surface, the actual flow area is reduced, the deceleration diffusion capability is weakened, and the total pressure loss of the diffuser is increased. Therefore, it should be studied how to control the flow separation, achieve the deceleration diffusion within the shortest distance with the minimum loss of the flow resistance and obtain the stable flow.
As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention discloses an adjustable blown diffuser, comprising a central shaft, an inner housing, first to second outer housings, and a flow separation module;
the inner shell is a hollow cylinder with openings at two ends;
the first outer shell and the second outer shell are both hollow round tables with openings at two ends, and the diameter of the end with the smaller area of the first outer shell is larger than that of the end with the larger area of the second outer shell;
the central shaft, the inner shell, the first outer shell and the second outer shell are coaxially arranged from inside to outside, wherein M front spokes, S blade spokes and N rear spokes are respectively arranged at the front end, the middle end and the rear end of the central shaft in the circumferential direction, and M, S, N is a natural number more than or equal to 3; the M front spokes are used for fixedly connecting the front end of the first outer shell, the front end of the inner shell and the central shaft; the N rear spokes are used for fixedly connecting the rear end of the first outer shell, the rear end of the inner shell and the central shaft; one end of each of the S blade spokes is vertically and fixedly connected with the central shaft, the other end of each of the S blade spokes penetrates through the inner shell and the first outer shell and then is positioned between the first outer shell and the second outer shell, and the blade spokes, the inner shell and the first outer shell are fixedly connected in a sealing manner;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the inner housing cooperating with the central shaft seen from the main flow direction;
as shown in fig. 3, the flow separation module includes S adjusting units and S pull rods, S mounting holes corresponding to the blade spokes one to one are uniformly formed in the outer wall of the second housing in the circumferential direction, and the S adjusting units correspond to the S blade spokes one to one, that is, the adjusting units, the mounting holes, and the blade spokes correspond to one;
the adjusting unit comprises a rotating plate, a transmission rod, a first rotating bearing, a second rotating bearing and blades, wherein the rotating plate is a rhombic plate, and two ends of a longer diagonal line of the rotating plate are provided with hinged points; the first rotating bearing is arranged in the corresponding mounting hole of the adjusting unit, and the outer ring is fixedly connected with the second outer shell; the second rotating bearing is arranged at one end, corresponding to the blade spoke, of the adjusting unit, extending out of the first outer shell, and the inner ring is fixedly connected with the blade spoke corresponding to the adjusting unit; one end of the transmission rod is vertically and fixedly connected with the center of the rotating plate, the other end of the transmission rod penetrates through the inner ring of the first rotating bearing and is fixedly connected with one end of the blade, and the transmission rod is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the first rotating bearing; the other end of the blade is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the second rotating bearing, so that the rotating plate can drive the blade to rotate when rotating;
the S pull rods are respectively arranged among the S adjusting units, and two ends of each pull rod are respectively hinged with one hinged point of the rotating plate of the corresponding adjusting unit;
the rotating plates are connected through pull rods, so that when one rotating plate is rotated, other rotating plates can rotate along with the rotating plate; the rotation of any rotating plate can cause the angle of the blades of each adjusting unit to change, and further, the flow area of the air inlet between the first outer shell and the second outer shell is changed;
the divergence angles among the first outer shell, the second outer shell and the inner shell are all preset angle threshold values alpha.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the opening degree of the flow separation module gradually decreasing, and the secondary flow direction is perpendicular to the paper surface. The opening degree reaches 100% at the beginning, namely the blade angle is parallel to the secondary flow direction, and the flow area reaches the maximum. The opening then reaches 50% where the vanes are at an angle to the secondary flow direction. And finally, the opening degree is 0%, the angle of the blade is vertical to the direction of the secondary flow, and the flow separation module is completely closed. The secondary flow rate can be adjusted by changing the blade angle.
Referring to fig. 5, the main flow enters the diffuser through the diffuser inlet, and flows out from the diffuser outlet after being subjected to deceleration and diffusion. When the flow separation module does not work, due to the fact that the divergence angle alpha is large, gas can be subjected to flow separation nearby between the first outer shell and the second outer shell under the action of the reverse pressure gradient, and a large backflow area is formed.
Referring to fig. 6, the main flow enters the diffuser through the diffuser inlet, and flows out from the diffuser outlet after being subjected to deceleration and diffusion. When the flow separation module works, the secondary flow enters the diffuser through the flow separation module, and the air inlet angle is parallel to the wall surface. After high-energy fluid is injected through the flow separation module, the energy of the fluid close to the wall of the diffuser is supplemented, the boundary layer is damaged, the turbulence degree is increased, and therefore the effect of delaying separation is achieved, the size of the backflow area is reduced or even disappears, and the streamline is attached to the wall again. When the working condition changes, the flow area can be changed by adjusting the angle of the blade, the flow of the secondary flow can be flexibly adjusted, and the purpose of delaying separation can be realized at the minimum cost.
Fig. 7 is a flow diagram of the variable blown-on diffuser at Ma =0.3 when the flow separation module is not operating, showing that a larger recirculation zone is created in the lower diffuser wall. Fig. 8 is a flow diagram of the variable blown-on diffuser at Ma =0.3 when the flow separation module is in operation, the flow separation module being installed at y =0.3 m. After the air flow is blown into the lower wall surface, the vortex of the lower wall surface of the diffuser disappears, the flow line is tightly attached to the wall surface, the flow area is increased, and the deceleration diffusion capacity is obviously improved. The results of the numerical simulations of fig. 7 and 8 demonstrate the effectiveness of the present invention.
The invention opens the air inlet on the expansion wall surface and injects high-energy fluid to destroy the boundary layer, enhance the turbulence, inhibit the separation of the boundary layer in the diffuser, reduce the total pressure loss generated by flow separation and improve the performance of the diffuser. The invention can shorten the length of the diffuser, increase the expansion angle, realize stable flow of the diffuser in shorter length and further effectively reduce the weight of the combustion chamber. The flow separation module is adjustable, and flexible and accurate adjustment can be realized in time when the working condition changes.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An adjustable blowing-attaching diffuser is characterized by comprising a central shaft, an inner shell, a first outer shell, a second outer shell and a flow separation module;
the inner shell is a hollow cylinder with openings at two ends;
the first outer shell and the second outer shell are both hollow round tables with openings at two ends, and the diameter of the end with the smaller area of the first outer shell is larger than that of the end with the larger area of the second outer shell;
the central shaft, the inner shell, the first outer shell and the second outer shell are coaxially arranged from inside to outside, wherein M front spokes, S blade spokes and N rear spokes are respectively arranged at the front end, the middle end and the rear end of the central shaft in the circumferential direction, and M, S, N is a natural number more than or equal to 3; the M front spokes are used for fixedly connecting the front end of the first outer shell, the front end of the inner shell and the central shaft; the N rear spokes are used for fixedly connecting the rear end of the first outer shell, the rear end of the inner shell and the central shaft; one end of each of the S blade spokes is vertically and fixedly connected with the central shaft, the other end of each of the S blade spokes penetrates through the inner shell and the first outer shell and then is positioned between the first outer shell and the second outer shell, and the blade spokes, the inner shell and the first outer shell are fixedly connected in a sealing manner;
the flow separation module comprises S adjusting units and S pull rods, S mounting holes which correspond to the blade spokes one to one are uniformly formed in the outer wall of the second outer shell in the circumferential direction, and the S adjusting units correspond to the S blade spokes one to one, namely the adjusting units, the mounting holes and the blade spokes correspond to one;
the adjusting unit comprises a rotating plate, a transmission rod, a first rotating bearing, a second rotating bearing and blades, wherein the rotating plate is a rhombic plate, and two ends of a longer diagonal line of the rotating plate are provided with hinged points; the first rotating bearing is arranged in the corresponding mounting hole of the adjusting unit, and the outer ring is fixedly connected with the second outer shell; the second rotating bearing is arranged at one end, corresponding to the blade spoke, of the adjusting unit, extending out of the first outer shell, and the inner ring is fixedly connected with the blade spoke corresponding to the adjusting unit; one end of the transmission rod is vertically and fixedly connected with the center of the rotating plate, the other end of the transmission rod penetrates through the inner ring of the first rotating bearing and is fixedly connected with one end of the blade, and the transmission rod is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the first rotating bearing; the other end of the blade is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the second rotating bearing, so that the rotating plate can drive the blade to rotate when rotating;
the S pull rods are respectively arranged among the S adjusting units, and two ends of each pull rod are respectively hinged with one hinged point of the rotating plate of the corresponding adjusting unit;
the divergence angles among the first outer shell, the second outer shell and the inner shell are all preset angle threshold values alpha.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111318447.XA CN114046535B (en) | 2021-11-09 | 2021-11-09 | Adjustable blowing attached diffuser |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111318447.XA CN114046535B (en) | 2021-11-09 | 2021-11-09 | Adjustable blowing attached diffuser |
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| CN114046535A true CN114046535A (en) | 2022-02-15 |
| CN114046535B CN114046535B (en) | 2022-08-05 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN205207211U (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-05-04 | 西安陕鼓动力股份有限公司 | Large -scale mixed flow compressor |
| CN108412810A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-08-17 | 中国电建集团透平科技有限公司 | A kind of novel stator blade adjustable shaft flow fan |
| CN108800205A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-11-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of eddy flow reinforcing/stamping combustion chamber |
| CN208578777U (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2019-03-05 | 西安空天能源动力智能制造研究院有限公司 | A kind of diffuser for tiny engine centrifugal compressor |
| EP3450682A1 (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-03-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Wall of a hot gas component and corresponding hot gas component |
| CN212899133U (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2021-04-06 | 浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司 | Return device and compressor with same |
-
2021
- 2021-11-09 CN CN202111318447.XA patent/CN114046535B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN205207211U (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-05-04 | 西安陕鼓动力股份有限公司 | Large -scale mixed flow compressor |
| CN108412810A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-08-17 | 中国电建集团透平科技有限公司 | A kind of novel stator blade adjustable shaft flow fan |
| EP3450682A1 (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-03-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Wall of a hot gas component and corresponding hot gas component |
| CN108800205A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-11-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of eddy flow reinforcing/stamping combustion chamber |
| CN208578777U (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2019-03-05 | 西安空天能源动力智能制造研究院有限公司 | A kind of diffuser for tiny engine centrifugal compressor |
| CN212899133U (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2021-04-06 | 浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司 | Return device and compressor with same |
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| CN114046535B (en) | 2022-08-05 |
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