CN114045780B - Automatic lifting gate for simulating instant dam break and using method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic lifting gate for simulating instant dam break and a using method thereof, wherein the automatic lifting gate comprises a water tank and a gate, a supporting rod is arranged on one side of the water tank, the top of the supporting rod is connected with a cross arm, a pulley is arranged on the cross arm, the top of the gate is connected with a pull rope, and the other end of the pull rope is connected with a first balancing weight by bypassing the pulley; the bottom of first balancing weight can be dismantled and be connected with the second balancing weight, still includes positioning mechanism for fix a position after promoting the gate and fix a position and provide buffer function simultaneously. One side of the supporting rod is provided with a guide plate, and a space for accommodating the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight is formed between the guide plates; a buffer cushion is also connected between the guide plates in a sliding way; the lower positioning mechanism is used for fixing the position of the gate after the gate falls into the water tank. The device has simple structure and reasonable design, can realize the quick lifting and slow descending of the gate, is beneficial to carrying by the arranged balancing weight and has the function of automatic release and separation; can reduce basin vibrations when using, guarantee the experimental data accuracy.

Description

Automatic lifting gate for simulating instant dam break and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of gates, and particularly relates to an automatic lifting gate for simulating instant dam break and a using method thereof.

Background

The experimental study of the instantaneous dam break water body is often used for simulating the effects of instantaneous dam break sand flow, sea wave impact and tsunami, and the instantaneous dam break experiment mainly utilizes a mode of opening a gate in a rectangular water tank instantaneously to obtain the instantaneous dam break water body or the dam break sand flow. In the instant dam break experiment, whether the gate can be opened quickly and whether the gate has good sealing and waterproof performances are the key points for successful experiment. The existing dam break water tank instant opening gate mainly has the following defects: (1) At present, when a laboratory is used for a simulation test, in order to achieve the purpose of instantly opening a gate, a mode of dropping a heavy object to pull the gate to open is generally adopted, however, the heavy object used as a power source for opening the water channel gate is generally in an integral type, the whole weight is heavy, the weight needs to be manually carried after the test is carried, and the integral type carrying wastes time and labor; in addition, after the test, when the gate falls, the gate falls by the dead weight, the impact force is large, the vibration of the water tank is easy to cause, the service life of the water tank is shortened, and the purpose of 'quick lifting and slow lifting' cannot be realized; (2) Heavy object whereabouts process, high-speed upward movement after the gate is opened in the twinkling of an eye, after rising to a certain height, generally adopt rigid structure to force the prevention at present, thereby cause strong mechanical shock easily and arouse basin vibrations even influence experimental data acquisition's accuracy.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, an automatic lifting gate for simulating instant dam break and a using method thereof are provided.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:

the technical scheme provides an automatic lifting type gate for simulating instant dam break, which comprises a water tank, wherein a gate is arranged in the water tank, a supporting rod is arranged on one side of the water tank, the top of the supporting rod is connected with a cross arm, a plurality of pulleys are arranged on the cross arm, the top of the gate is connected with a pull rope, and the other end of the pull rope is connected with a first balancing weight by bypassing the pulleys; the bottom of the first balancing weight is detachably connected with a second balancing weight, and the bottom of the first balancing weight is provided with a groove; the inner wall of the groove is connected with a fixed block, the fixed block is provided with a sliding hole, a second movable claw is connected in the sliding hole in a sliding manner, and one end of the second movable claw extends out of the sliding hole; a seventh spring is arranged in the sliding hole, one end of the seventh spring is connected with the second movable claw, and the other end of the seventh spring is connected with the inner wall of the fixed block; the top of the second balancing weight is connected with a positioning column, the outer wall of the positioning column is fixedly connected with a fixed stop block, and the top of the fixed stop block is arranged in an arc shape; the second movable claw is wedge-shaped; the positioning column is also movably sleeved with a movable ring, and the movable ring is arranged below the fixed stop block; the top surface and the bottom surface of the movable ring are provided with arc surfaces; the bottom of the fixed stop block is provided with a cavity for accommodating the top surface of the movable ring; the positioning column is provided with a blocking shoulder which is arranged below the movable ring; a buffer pad is arranged below the second balancing weight; the gate lifting device further comprises an upper positioning mechanism used for positioning and fixing the lifted gate.

A pair of guide plates which are symmetrically arranged is arranged on one side of the supporting rod, and a space for accommodating the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight is formed between the guide plates; the buffer pads are also connected between the guide plates in a sliding manner; the bottom of the buffer pad is connected with a fifth spring, and the bottom of the fifth spring is connected with the guide plate.

The lower positioning mechanism comprises a fixed seat arranged at the top of the water tank; a through sliding groove is formed in the fixed seat, and a limiting rod is connected in the sliding groove in a sliding manner; two ends of the limiting rod respectively extend out of the sliding grooves; a first spring is arranged in the sliding groove, one end of the first spring is connected with the limiting rod, and the other end of the first spring is connected with the inner wall of the sliding groove; the gate is provided with a limiting block, the limiting block is provided with a limiting hole, and a limiting rod is in adaptive insertion connection with the limiting hole; and the fixed seat is also in threaded connection with a positioning jackscrew for limiting the limiting rod.

The upper positioning mechanism comprises an upper wedge block, and the two sides of the top of the gate are connected with the upper wedge block; the fixing plate is connected with the supporting rod, a plurality of second guide rods are connected to the fixing plate in a sliding mode, third springs are sleeved on the second guide rods, one ends of the third springs are connected with the second guide rods, and the other ends of the third springs are connected with the fixing plate; the bottom surface of the fixed plate is provided with a linear guide rail, the linear guide rail is hung and connected with a hanging rod in a sliding manner, the bottom of the hanging rod is connected with an upper limiting seat, the upper limiting seat comprises a shell, the shell is connected with a first movable claw in a sliding manner, the first movable claw is connected with a sixth spring, and the sixth spring is connected with the shell; the first movable claw and the upper wedge block are both wedge-shaped and matched; the bottom of the fixing plate is also rotationally connected with a double-rotation-direction lead screw, the double-rotation-direction lead screw is connected with a nut, and the nut is connected with the corresponding shell; the fixing plate is provided with a rope penetrating hole, and the pull rope penetrates through the rope penetrating hole.

The suspension rod is connected with a first guide rod in a sliding manner, and a second spring is sleeved on the first guide rod; the bottom of the fixed plate is connected with a bearing seat, and the double-rotation-direction lead screw is rotationally connected with the bearing seat; one end of the second spring is connected with the hanging rod, and the other end of the second spring is connected with the bearing seat.

The fixed plate is connected with the supporting rod in a relative sliding mode, the supporting rod is connected with an inclined strut, and one end of the inclined strut is connected with the transverse arm; the support rod is movably sleeved with a movable seat, and one end of the fixed plate is connected with the movable seat; the bottom of the movable seat is connected with a fourth spring, and the bottom end of the fourth spring is connected with the inclined strut.

The invention also provides a use method of the automatic lifting type gate for simulating instant dam break, which comprises the following steps:

step one, when the gate needs to be lifted, the second balancing weight block is connected with the first balancing weight block, the first balancing weight block and the second balancing weight block form a whole, the gate is driven by a pull rope to be quickly lifted, water in the water tank is instantaneously released, and the purpose of simulating instantaneous dam break required by an experiment is achieved; along with the falling of the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight, the second balancing weight is hit on the cushion pad, at the moment, due to the action of inertia, relative displacement is generated between the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight, the first balancing weight moves relative to the second balancing weight, and at the moment, the second movable claw moves downwards relative to the movable ring; the second movable claw is contacted with the arc-shaped surface at the top of the movable ring and inwards compresses the seventh spring, the second movable claw continuously moves downwards and passes through the movable ring and then moves to the position below the movable ring, the second movable claw is reset under the elastic force of the seventh spring, and the second movable claw is clamped with the movable ring; meanwhile, after the gate is lifted to the right position, the gate is positioned and fixed by the upper positioning mechanism;

and step two, when the gate needs to reset and fall, the limit of the upper positioning mechanism on the gate is released, the gate drives the first balancing weight to lift through the pull rope, when the gate is lifted, the second movable claw is clamped below the arc-shaped surface at the bottom of the movable ring, the movable ring can be driven to slide upwards along the positioning column until the top surface of the movable ring moves to the cavity at the bottom of the fixed stop block, at the moment, the movable ring can not move any more, the second movable claw moves along the arc-shaped surface at the bottom of the movable ring, the seventh spring is compressed until the second movable claw is separated from the fixed stop block, so that the separation between the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight is completed, the gate falls, the first balancing weight is only driven to move upwards through the pull rope, the first balancing weight plays a role in resistance, and the slow falling of the gate is realized.

The invention also provides a using method of the automatic lifting gate for simulating instant dam break, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, in an initial state, a gate is hermetically arranged in a water tank, and a water body is injected into the water tank; fix a position the gate through positioning mechanism down, specifically do: loosening the positioning jackscrew, inserting the limiting rod into the limiting hole on the limiting block under the action of the elastic force of the first spring, and limiting the gate by the limiting rod;

connecting the second balancing weight block with the first balancing weight block to form an integral balancing weight;

step three, releasing the limit of the lower positioning mechanism on the gate, and under the gravity action of the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight, quickly lifting the gate and releasing the water tank through the traction of the pull rope, so as to achieve the purpose of simulating instantaneous dam break required by the experiment;

when the gate is lifted to the top end, the top of the gate collides with the second guide rod, the third spring is compressed, and the buffer effect is achieved under the elastic force effect of the third spring; along with the continuous upward movement of the gate, the gate is fixed by an upper positioning mechanism; the method specifically comprises the following steps: in the process that the upper wedge blocks on the two sides of the gate move upwards, the upper wedge blocks extrude the first movable claw and compress the sixth spring, the upper wedge blocks are clamped above the first movable claw, and the gate is limited and fixed to prevent downward falling;

step five, in the process of moving the gate upwards, the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight fall, the second balancing weight smashes onto the cushion pad, at the moment, due to the action of inertia, relative displacement is generated between the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight, the first balancing weight moves relative to the second balancing weight, and at the moment, the second movable claw moves downwards relative to the movable ring; the second movable claw is contacted with the arc-shaped surface at the top of the movable ring and compresses the seventh spring inwards, the second movable claw continuously moves downwards to pass through the movable ring and then reach the position below the movable ring, the second movable claw resets under the elastic force of the seventh spring, and the second movable claw is clamped with the movable ring; meanwhile, after the gate is lifted in place, the gate is positioned and fixed by the upper positioning mechanism;

step six, when the gate needs to reset after the experiment is finished, an operator rotates the double-rotation-direction screw rod to enable the screw nut to drive the upper limiting seat to move towards two sides until the first movable claw and the upper wedge block are separated; the gate falls, the gate drives the first balancing weight to lift through the stay cord, the first balancing weight is lifted, the second movable claw is clamped below the arc-shaped surface at the bottom of the movable ring, the movable ring can be driven to slide upwards along the positioning column until the top surface of the movable ring moves into the cavity at the bottom of the fixed stop block, at the moment, the movable ring can not move any more, the second movable claw moves along the arc-shaped surface at the bottom of the movable ring, the seventh spring is compressed until the second movable claw is separated from the fixed stop block, so that the separation between the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight is completed, only the first balancing weight is driven to move upwards through the stay cord, the first balancing weight plays a resistance role, and the slow falling of the gate is realized;

step seven, after the gate falls into the water tank and is sealed, loosening the positioning jackscrew to enable the limiting rod to reset into the limiting hole in the limiting block under the action of the first spring, and completing limiting self-locking of the gate;

step eight, an operator reversely rotates the double-rotation-direction screw rod, and drives the upper limiting seat to reset through a nut; and repeating the steps to finish the next experiment.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. according to the invention, the balancing weight is designed into a split structure, so that the carrying of workers is facilitated, the balancing weight is divided into a first balancing weight and a second balancing weight, the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight are detachably connected, and the automatic separation function is realized; when the counterweight device is used, the second counterweight block hits the cushion pad along with the falling of the first counterweight block and the second counterweight block, at the moment, the first counterweight block and the second counterweight block generate relative displacement under the action of inertia, the first counterweight block moves relative to the second counterweight block, and at the moment, the second movable claw moves downwards relative to the movable ring; the second movable claw is contacted with the arc-shaped surface at the top of the movable ring and compresses the seventh spring inwards, the second movable claw continuously moves downwards to pass through the movable ring and then reach the position below the movable ring, the second movable claw resets under the elastic force of the seventh spring, and the second movable claw is clamped with the movable ring; when the gate resets the whereabouts, the gate passes through the stay cord and drives first balancing weight promotion, when promoting, because second movable claw joint in movable ring bottom arcwall face below, can drive the movable ring and go up the slip along the reference column and remove to fixed dog bottom cavity until the movable ring top surface, at this moment, the movable ring can't remove again, second movable claw removes along movable ring bottom arcwall face, the seventh spring is compressed, break away from with fixed dog until the second movable claw, thereby accomplish the separation between first balancing weight and the second balancing weight, the gate whereabouts, only drive first balancing weight through the stay cord and shift up, first balancing weight plays the resistance effect, realize the slow whereabouts of gate. This counter weight device has simple structure, design benefit's advantage, has realized the purpose of gate "fast rising slowly falls", has automatic release and breaks away from the function, convenient transport and joint.

2. The invention can position and fix the position of the gate by arranging the lower positioning mechanism and the upper positioning mechanism; in addition, the upper positioning mechanism realizes the positioning of the gate by arranging the upper limiting seat to be clamped with the upper wedge block; the upper positioning mechanism is internally provided with a second guide post and a third spring, and the elasticity provided by the third spring can provide buffering, reduce the rigidity of the gate and prevent strong mechanical vibration, further reduce the vibration of the water tank and ensure the accuracy of experimental data acquisition; the limit formed by the upper limit seat in the upper limit mechanism is relieved by rotating the double-rotation-direction lead screw, and the upper limit mechanism has the advantage of convenient operation.

3. The buffer cushion, the fifth spring, the third spring, the fourth spring and the like are arranged in the spring. Can play the cushioning effect, avoid causing acutely rocking of basin, and then reduce the error to the experiment.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a part of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the upper restraint seat structure in the area a.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a connection relationship between the first weight block and the second weight block.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure of the region B.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the movable ring after moving up along the positioning post.

Description of the reference numerals:

1, a water tank; 2, a gate; 3, a limiting block; 4 a first spring; 5, fixing a base; 6, a limiting rod; 7, positioning a jackscrew; 8, wedge blocks are arranged; 9, pulling a rope; 10 a nut; 11, a double-rotation-direction screw rod; 12, an upper limiting seat; 13 a first guide bar; 14 a second spring; 15 fixing the plate; 16 linear guide rails; a 16-1 boom; 17 a second guide bar; 18 a third spring; 19 a first wheel; 20 cross arms; 21 a third guide bar; 22 a second wheel; 23, a movable seat; 24 a fourth spring; 25 a third wheel; 26, an inclined strut; 27 a first weight member; 28 a guide plate; 29 a second weight; 30 a cushion pad; 31 a fifth spring; 32 support rods; 12-1 of a shell; 12-2 sixth spring; 12-3 a first moveable jaw; 27-1 fixing block; 27-2 a second moveable jaw; 27-3 a seventh spring; 29-1 handle; 29-2 movable rings; 29-3 locating posts; 29-4 fixed stop.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1-6, the present embodiment provides an automatic lifting gate 2 for simulating instantaneous dam break, which includes a water tank 1, a gate 2 is disposed in the water tank 1, a support rod 32 is disposed on one side of the water tank 1, a cross arm 20 is connected to the top of the support rod 32, a plurality of pulleys are disposed on the cross arm 20, the pulleys include a first runner 19, a second runner 22 and a third runner 25 which are sequentially arranged on the cross arm 20, a pull rope 9 is connected to the top of the gate 2, the other end of the pull rope 9 is connected to a first balancing weight 27 by bypassing the pulleys, and the pull rope 9 is connected to the first balancing weight 27 by bypassing the first runner 19, the second runner 22 and the third runner 25 sequentially.

The bottom of the first balancing weight 27 is detachably connected with a second balancing weight 29, and the bottom of the first balancing weight 27 is provided with a groove; the inner wall of the groove is connected with a fixed block 27-1, the fixed block 27-1 is provided with a sliding hole, a second movable claw 27-2 is connected in the sliding hole in a sliding manner, and one end of the second movable claw 27-2 extends out of the sliding hole; a seventh spring 27-3 is arranged in the sliding hole, one end of the seventh spring 27-3 is connected with the second movable claw 27-2, and the other end is connected with the inner wall of the fixed block 27-1; second moveable jaw 27-2, when compressed, may compress seventh spring 27-3 to effect movement of second moveable jaw 27-2.

The top of the second balancing weight 29 is connected with a positioning column 29-3, the outer wall of the positioning column 29-3 is fixedly connected with a fixed stop block 29-4, and the top of the fixed stop block 29-4 is arranged in an arc shape; the second movable jaw 27-2 is wedge-shaped; the positioning column 29-3 is also movably sleeved with a movable ring 29-2, the movable ring 29-2 is arranged below the fixed stop block 29-4, and the movable ring 29-2 can slide up and down; the top surface and the bottom surface of the movable ring 29-2 are provided with arc surfaces; the bottom of the fixed block 29-4 is provided with a cavity for accommodating the top surface of the movable ring 29-2, and when the movable ring 29-2 moves upwards in use, the top surface of the movable ring 29-2 can enter the cavity of the fixed block 29-4; the positioning column 29-3 is provided with a shoulder which is arranged below the movable ring 29-2 and used for stopping the movable ring 29-2; a cushion pad 30 is arranged below the second balancing weight 29; the gate lifting device further comprises an upper positioning mechanism used for positioning and fixing the gate 2 after being lifted. Go up positioning mechanism and can adopt multiple structural style among the prior art, can be conventional structure, as long as satisfy can to the gate 2 rise the back position fix a position can.

A pair of guide plates 28 which are symmetrically arranged are arranged on one side of the support rod 32, and a space for accommodating the first balancing weight 27 and the second balancing weight 29 is formed between the guide plates 28; a buffer pad 30 is also connected between the guide plates 28 in a sliding way; a fifth spring 31 is connected to the bottom of the cushion pad 30, and the bottom of the fifth spring 31 is connected to the guide plate 28.

In order to facilitate the installation of the second balancing weight 29, a handle 29-1 is further disposed on the sidewall of the second balancing weight 29.

The use method of the automatic lifting type gate 2 for simulating instantaneous dam break provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:

step one, when the gate 2 needs to be lifted, the second balancing weight 29 is connected with the first balancing weight 27, the first balancing weight 27 and the second balancing weight 29 form a whole, the gate 2 is driven to be quickly lifted through the pull rope 9, water in the water tank 1 is instantaneously released, and the purpose of simulating instantaneous dam break required by an experiment is achieved; with the falling of the first balancing weight 27 and the second balancing weight 29, the second balancing weight 29 hits the cushion 30, at this time, due to the inertia, the first balancing weight 27 and the second balancing weight 29 generate relative displacement, the first balancing weight 27 moves relative to the second balancing weight 29, and at this time, the second movable claw 27-2 moves downward relative to the movable ring 29-2; the second movable jaw 27-2 contacts with the arc-shaped surface at the top of the movable ring 29-2 and compresses the seventh spring 27-3 inwards, the second movable jaw 27-2 moves downwards continuously, passes over the movable ring 29-2 and then comes below the movable ring 29-2, the second movable jaw 27-2 is reset under the elastic force of the seventh spring 27-3, and the second movable jaw 27-2 is clamped with the movable ring 29-2; meanwhile, after the gate 2 is lifted in place, the gate is positioned and fixed by the upper positioning mechanism;

step two, when the gate 2 needs to be reset and fall, the limit of the upper positioning mechanism on the gate 2 is released, the gate 2 drives the first balancing weight 27 to lift through the pull rope 9, when lifting, because the second movable claw 27-2 is clamped below the arc-shaped surface at the bottom of the movable ring 29-2, the movable ring 29-2 is driven to slide upwards along the positioning column 29-3 until the top surface of the movable ring 29-2 moves into the cavity at the bottom of the fixed stop 29-4, at this time, the movable ring 29-2 cannot move any more, the second movable claw 27-2 moves along the arc-shaped surface at the bottom of the movable ring 29-2, and the seventh spring 27-3 is compressed until the second movable claw 27-2 is separated from the fixed stop 29-4, so that the separation between the first balancing weight 27 and the second balancing weight 29 is completed, the gate 2 falls, only the first balancing weight 27 is driven to move upwards through the pull rope 9, and the first balancing weight 27 plays a role of resistance, so that the slow falling of the gate 2 is realized.

Example two

With continuing reference to fig. 1-6, on the basis of the first embodiment, the present embodiment provides an automatic lifting gate 2 for simulating an instantaneous dam break, further comprising a lower positioning mechanism, wherein the lower positioning mechanism comprises a fixing seat 5 arranged at the top of the water tank 1; a through sliding groove is formed in the fixed seat 5, and a limiting rod 6 is connected in the sliding groove in a sliding manner; two ends of the limiting rod 6 respectively extend out of the sliding grooves; a first spring 4 is arranged in the sliding chute, one end of the first spring 4 is connected with a limiting rod 6, and the other end of the first spring 4 is connected with the inner wall of the sliding chute; the gate 2 is provided with a limiting block 3, the limiting block 3 is provided with a limiting hole, and a limiting rod 6 is in adaptive insertion connection with the limiting hole; still threaded connection has on the fixing base 5 and is used for carrying on spacing location jackscrew 7 to gag lever post 6.

In this embodiment, the upper positioning mechanism may also adopt the following structural form:

the upper positioning mechanism comprises an upper wedge block 8, and the two sides of the top of the gate 2 are connected with the upper wedge block 8; the fixing plate 15 is connected with the supporting rod 32, the fixing plate 15 is connected with a plurality of second guide rods 17 in a sliding mode, and the second guide columns are arranged along the length direction of the fixing plate 15; the second guide rod 17 is sleeved with a third spring 18, one end of the third spring 18 is connected with the second guide rod 17, and the other end of the third spring 18 is connected with the fixed plate 15; a linear guide rail 16 is installed on the bottom surface of the fixed plate 15, a suspender 16-1 is hung on the linear guide rail 16 in a sliding connection mode, and the top of the suspender 16-1 can slide left and right along the linear guide rail 16; the bottom of the suspender 16-1 is connected with an upper limiting seat 12, the upper limiting seat 12 comprises a shell 12-1, the shell 12-1 is connected with a first movable claw 12-3 in a sliding manner, the first movable claw 12-3 is connected with a sixth spring 12-2, and the sixth spring 12-2 is connected with the shell 12-1; the first movable claw 12-3 and the upper wedge block 8 are both wedge-shaped and matched; the bottom of the fixing plate 15 is also rotatably connected with a double-rotation-direction screw rod 11, the double-rotation-direction screw rod 11 is connected with a nut, and the nut is connected with the corresponding shell 12-1; the fixing plate 15 is provided with a rope threading hole through which the rope 9 passes. The shell 12-1 can be driven to move left and right by rotating the double-rotation-direction screw rod 11 so as to realize the spacing release of the gate 2.

It should be noted that, as another embodiment: the suspender 16-1 is also connected with a first guide rod 13 in a sliding way, and the first guide rod 13 is sleeved with a second spring 14; the bottom of the fixing plate 15 is connected with a bearing seat, and the double-rotation-direction lead screw 11 is rotationally connected with the bearing seat; the second spring 14 is connected to the boom 16-1 at one end and to the bearing housing at the other end.

The fixing plate 15 is connected with a support rod 32 in a relative sliding manner, the support rod 32 is connected with an inclined strut 26, and one end of the inclined strut 26 is connected with the cross arm 20; the support rod 32 is movably sleeved with the movable seat 23, and one end of the fixed plate 15 is connected with the movable seat 23; the bottom of the movable seat 23 is connected with a fourth spring 24, and the bottom end of the fourth spring 24 is connected with an inclined strut 26. A third guide rod 21 is connected between the inclined strut 26 and the cross arm 20, the fixed plate 15 is connected with the third guide rod 21 in a relatively sliding manner, and the third guide rod 21 plays a role in guiding.

After the gate 2 is engaged with the upper limiting seat 12, the gate 2 and the fixing plate 15 form a whole body to drive the fixing plate 15 to slide along the supporting plate, and the fourth spring 24 generates elastic force to offset part of the impact force, so that the whole device is prevented from generating severe vibration.

According to the invention, the position of the gate 2 can be positioned and fixed by arranging the lower positioning mechanism and the upper positioning mechanism; in addition, the upper positioning mechanism realizes the positioning of the gate 2 by arranging the upper limiting seat 12 to be clamped with the upper wedge block 8; the upper positioning mechanism is internally provided with a second guide post and a third spring 18, and the elasticity provided by the third spring 18 can provide buffering, reduce the rigid blocking of the gate 2 to generate strong mechanical vibration, further reduce the vibration of the water tank 1 and ensure the accuracy of experimental data acquisition; the limit formed by the upper limit seat 12 in the upper limit mechanism is relieved by rotating the double-rotation-direction screw rod 11, and the upper limit mechanism has the advantage of convenient operation.

The invention is provided with the cushion pad 30, the fifth spring 31, the third spring 18, the fourth spring 24 and other components. Can play the cushioning effect, avoid causing the acutely rocking of basin 1, and then reduce the error to the experiment.

The embodiment also provides a use method of the automatic lifting type gate 2 for simulating instantaneous dam break, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, in an initial state, a gate 2 is hermetically arranged in a water tank 1, and a water body is injected into the water tank 1; fix a position gate 2 through positioning mechanism down, specifically do: the positioning jackscrew 7 is loosened, the limiting rod 6 is inserted into the limiting hole on the limiting block 3 under the elastic action of the first spring 4, and the limiting rod 6 limits the gate 2;

step two, connecting the second balancing weight 29 with the first balancing weight 27 to form an integral balance weight;

step three, the limit of the lower positioning mechanism on the gate 2 is released, the gate 2 is quickly lifted and the water tank 1 is released under the traction of the pull rope 9 under the gravity action of the first balancing weight 27 and the second balancing weight 29, and the purpose of simulating instant dam break required by the experiment is achieved;

step four, when the gate 2 is lifted to the top end, the top of the gate 2 collides with the second guide rod 17, the third spring 18 is compressed, and the buffer effect is achieved under the elastic force action of the third spring 18; along with the continuous upward movement of the gate 2, the gate is fixed by an upper positioning mechanism; the method comprises the following specific steps: in the process that the upper wedge blocks 8 on the two sides of the gate 2 move upwards, the upper wedge blocks 8 extrude the first movable claws 12-3 and compress the sixth springs 12-2, the upper wedge blocks 8 are clamped above the first movable claws 12-3, and the gate 2 is limited and fixed at the moment and is prevented from falling downwards;

step five, in the process of moving up the gate 2, the first balancing weight 27 and the second balancing weight 29 fall, the second balancing weight 29 smashes on the cushion pad 30, at the moment, due to the action of inertia, relative displacement is generated between the first balancing weight 27 and the second balancing weight 29, the first balancing weight 27 moves relative to the second balancing weight 29, and at the moment, the second movable claw 27-2 moves downwards relative to the movable ring 29-2; the second movable claw 27-2 is contacted with the arc-shaped surface at the top of the movable ring 29-2 and compresses the seventh spring 27-3 inwards, the second movable claw 27-2 moves downwards continuously, passes through the movable ring 29-2 and then reaches the position below the movable ring 29-2, the second movable claw 27-2 is reset under the elastic force of the seventh spring 27-3, and the second movable claw 27-2 is clamped with the movable ring 29-2; meanwhile, after the gate 2 is lifted in place, the gate is positioned and fixed by the upper positioning mechanism;

step six, when the gate 2 needs to be reset after the experiment is finished, an operator rotates the double-rotation-direction screw rod to enable the screw to drive the upper limiting seat 12 to move towards two sides until the first movable claw 12-3 is separated from the upper wedge block 8; the gate 2 falls, the gate 2 drives the first balancing weight 27 to lift through the pull rope 9, the first balancing weight 27 is lifted, the second movable claw 27-2 is clamped below the arc-shaped surface at the bottom of the movable ring 29-2, the movable ring 29-2 is driven to slide upwards along the positioning column 29-3 until the top surface of the movable ring 29-2 moves into the cavity at the bottom of the fixed stopper 29-4, at this time, the movable ring 29-2 cannot move any more, the second movable claw 27-2 moves along the arc-shaped surface at the bottom of the movable ring 29-2, the seventh spring 27-3 is compressed until the second movable claw 27-2 is separated from the fixed stopper 29-4, so that the separation between the first balancing weight 27 and the second balancing weight 29 is completed, the first balancing weight 27 is driven to move upwards through the pull rope 9, and the first balancing weight 27 plays a resistance role, so that the gate 2 slowly falls;

seventhly, after the gate 2 falls into the water tank 1 and is sealed, the positioning jackscrew is loosened, the limiting rod 6 is reset under the action of the first spring 4 and enters a limiting hole in the limiting block 3, and limiting self-locking of the gate 2 is completed;

step eight, an operator reversely rotates the double-rotation-direction screw rod, and drives the upper limiting seat 12 to reset through a nut; and repeating the steps to finish the next experiment.

According to the two embodiments, the balancing weight is designed into a split structure, so that the carrying of workers is facilitated, the balancing weight is divided into the first balancing weight 27 and the second balancing weight 29, the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight are detachably connected, and the automatic separation function is achieved; when the device is used, along with the falling of the first balancing weight 27 and the second balancing weight 29, the second balancing weight 29 smashes on the cushion pad 30, at this time, due to the action of inertia, relative displacement is generated between the first balancing weight 27 and the second balancing weight 29, the first balancing weight 27 moves relative to the second balancing weight 29, and at this time, the second movable claw 27-2 moves downwards relative to the movable ring 29-2; the second movable jaw 27-2 contacts with the arc-shaped surface at the top of the movable ring 29-2 and compresses the seventh spring 27-3 inwards, the second movable jaw 27-2 moves downwards continuously, passes over the movable ring 29-2 and then comes below the movable ring 29-2, the second movable jaw 27-2 is reset under the elastic force of the seventh spring 27-3, and the second movable jaw 27-2 is clamped with the movable ring 29-2; when the gate 2 is reset to fall, the gate 2 drives the first balancing weight 27 to lift through the pull rope 9, and when the gate 2 is lifted, the second movable claw 27-2 is clamped below the arc-shaped surface at the bottom of the movable ring 29-2, so that the movable ring 29-2 is driven to slide upwards along the positioning column 29-3 until the top surface of the movable ring 29-2 moves into the cavity at the bottom of the fixed stopper 29-4, at this time, the movable ring 29-2 cannot move any more, the second movable claw 27-2 moves along the arc-shaped surface at the bottom of the movable ring 29-2, the seventh spring 27-3 is compressed until the second movable claw 27-2 is separated from the fixed stopper 29-4, so that the separation between the first balancing weight 27 and the second balancing weight 29 is completed, the gate 2 falls, and only the first balancing weight 27 is driven to move upwards through the pull rope 9, and the first balancing weight 27 plays a resistance role, so that the gate 2 slowly falls. This counter weight device has simple structure, design benefit's advantage, has realized the purpose of gate 2 "fast rising slowly falls", has automatic release and breaks away from the function, convenient transport and joint.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. An automatic lifting gate for simulating instant dam break comprises a water tank, wherein a gate is arranged in the water tank, and the automatic lifting gate is characterized in that a supporting rod is arranged on one side of the water tank, the top of the supporting rod is connected with a cross arm, a plurality of pulleys are arranged on the cross arm, the top of the gate is connected with a pull rope, and the other end of the pull rope is connected with a first balancing weight by bypassing the pulleys; the bottom of the first balancing weight block is detachably connected with a second balancing weight block, and the bottom of the first balancing weight block is provided with a groove; the inner wall of the groove is connected with a fixed block, the fixed block is provided with a sliding hole, a second movable claw is connected in the sliding hole in a sliding manner, and one end of the second movable claw extends out of the sliding hole; a seventh spring is arranged in the sliding hole, one end of the seventh spring is connected with the second movable claw, and the other end of the seventh spring is connected with the inner wall of the fixed block; the top of the second balancing weight is connected with a positioning column, the outer wall of the positioning column is fixedly connected with a fixed stop block, and the top of the fixed stop block is arranged in an arc shape; the second movable claw is wedge-shaped; the positioning column is also movably sleeved with a movable ring, and the movable ring is arranged below the fixed stop block; the top surface and the bottom surface of the movable ring are provided with arc surfaces; the bottom of the fixed stop block is provided with a cavity for accommodating the top surface of the movable ring; the positioning column is provided with a blocking shoulder which is arranged below the movable ring; a buffer cushion is arranged below the second balancing weight; the gate lifting device further comprises an upper positioning mechanism used for positioning and fixing the lifted gate.

2. The automatic lifting gate for simulating instant dam break according to claim 1, wherein a pair of symmetrically arranged guide plates are arranged at one side of the support rod, and a space for accommodating the first counterweight block and the second counterweight block is formed between the guide plates; the buffer pads are also connected between the guide plates in a sliding manner; the bottom of the buffer pad is connected with a fifth spring, and the bottom of the fifth spring is connected with the guide plate.

3. The automatic lifting gate for simulating instant dam break according to claim 1, further comprising a lower positioning mechanism, wherein the lower positioning mechanism comprises a fixed seat arranged at the top of the water tank; a through chute is formed in the fixed seat, and a limiting rod is connected in the chute in a sliding manner; two ends of the limiting rod respectively extend out of the sliding groove; a first spring is arranged in the sliding groove, one end of the first spring is connected with the limiting rod, and the other end of the first spring is connected with the inner wall of the sliding groove; the gate is provided with a limiting block, the limiting block is provided with a limiting hole, and a limiting rod is in adaptive insertion connection with the limiting hole; and the fixed seat is also in threaded connection with a positioning jackscrew for limiting the limiting rod.

4. The automatic lifting gate for simulating instant dam break according to claim 3, wherein the upper positioning mechanism comprises an upper wedge block, and the upper wedge block is connected to two sides of the top of the gate; the fixing plate is connected with the supporting rod, a plurality of second guide rods are connected to the fixing plate in a sliding mode, third springs are sleeved on the second guide rods, one ends of the third springs are connected with the second guide rods, and the other ends of the third springs are connected with the fixing plate; the bottom surface of the fixed plate is provided with a linear guide rail, the linear guide rail is hung and connected with a hanging rod in a sliding manner, the bottom of the hanging rod is connected with an upper limiting seat, the upper limiting seat comprises a shell, the shell is connected with a first movable claw in a sliding manner, the first movable claw is connected with a sixth spring, and the sixth spring is connected with the shell; the first movable claw and the upper wedge block are both wedge-shaped and matched; the bottom of the fixing plate is also rotatably connected with a double-rotation-direction lead screw, the double-rotation-direction lead screw is connected with a nut, and the nut is connected with the corresponding shell; the fixing plate is provided with a rope penetrating hole, and the pull rope penetrates through the rope penetrating hole.

5. The automatic lifting gate for simulating instantaneous dam break according to claim 4, wherein the suspension rod is slidably connected with a first guide rod, and a second spring is sleeved on the first guide rod; the bottom of the fixed plate is connected with a bearing seat, and the double-rotation-direction lead screw is rotationally connected with the bearing seat; and one end of the second spring is connected with the hanging rod, and the other end of the second spring is connected with the bearing seat.

6. The automatic lifting gate for simulating instantaneous dam break according to claim 5, wherein the fixed plate is connected with the supporting rod in a relatively sliding manner, the supporting rod is connected with a diagonal brace, and one end of the diagonal brace is connected with a cross arm; the support rod is movably sleeved with a movable seat, and one end of the fixed plate is connected with the movable seat; the bottom of the movable seat is connected with a fourth spring, and the bottom end of the fourth spring is connected with the inclined strut.

7. The use of an automatic lifting gate for simulating instantaneous dam break as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, when the gate needs to be lifted, the second balancing weight block is connected with the first balancing weight block, the first balancing weight block and the second balancing weight block form a whole, the gate is driven by a pull rope to be quickly lifted, water in the water tank is instantaneously released, and the purpose of simulating instantaneous dam break required by an experiment is achieved; along with the falling of the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight, the second balancing weight is hit on the cushion pad, at the moment, due to the action of inertia, relative displacement is generated between the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight, the first balancing weight moves relative to the second balancing weight, and at the moment, the second movable claw moves downwards relative to the movable ring; the second movable claw is contacted with the arc-shaped surface at the top of the movable ring and compresses the seventh spring inwards, the second movable claw continuously moves downwards to pass through the movable ring and then reach the position below the movable ring, the second movable claw resets under the elastic force of the seventh spring, and the second movable claw is clamped with the movable ring; meanwhile, after the gate is lifted to the right position, the gate is positioned and fixed by the upper positioning mechanism;

and step two, when the gate needs to reset and fall, the limit of the upper positioning mechanism on the gate is released, the gate drives the first balancing weight to lift through the pull rope, when the gate is lifted, the second movable claw is clamped below the arc-shaped surface at the bottom of the movable ring, the movable ring can be driven to slide upwards along the positioning column until the top surface of the movable ring moves to the cavity at the bottom of the fixed stop block, at the moment, the movable ring can not move any more, the second movable claw moves along the arc-shaped surface at the bottom of the movable ring, the seventh spring is compressed until the second movable claw is separated from the fixed stop block, so that the separation between the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight is completed, the gate falls, the first balancing weight is only driven to move upwards through the pull rope, the first balancing weight plays a role in resistance, and the slow falling of the gate is realized.

8. The method of using an automatic elevating gate for simulating a transient dam break as claimed in claim 6, comprising the steps of:

firstly, in an initial state, a gate is sealed and arranged in a water tank, and a water body is injected into the water tank; fix a position the gate through positioning mechanism down, specifically do: loosening the positioning jackscrew, inserting the limiting rod into the limiting hole on the limiting block under the action of the elastic force of the first spring, and limiting the gate by the limiting rod;

connecting the second balancing weight with the first balancing weight to form an integral balancing weight;

thirdly, the limit of the lower positioning mechanism on the gate is released, the gate is quickly lifted and released in the water tank under the gravity action of the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight through the traction of the pull rope, and the purpose of simulating instantaneous dam break required by the experiment is achieved;

when the gate is lifted to the top end, the top of the gate collides with the second guide rod, the third spring is compressed, and the buffer effect is achieved under the elastic force effect of the third spring; along with the continuous upward movement of the gate, the gate is fixed by an upper positioning mechanism; the method specifically comprises the following steps: in the process that the upper wedge blocks on the two sides of the gate move upwards, the upper wedge blocks extrude the first movable claw and compress the sixth spring, the upper wedge blocks are clamped above the first movable claw, and the gate is limited and fixed to prevent downward falling;

step five, in the process of moving the gate upwards, the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight fall, the second balancing weight smashes onto the cushion pad, at the moment, due to the action of inertia, relative displacement is generated between the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight, the first balancing weight moves relative to the second balancing weight, and at the moment, the second movable claw moves downwards relative to the movable ring; the second movable claw is contacted with the arc-shaped surface at the top of the movable ring and compresses the seventh spring inwards, the second movable claw continuously moves downwards to pass through the movable ring and then reach the position below the movable ring, the second movable claw resets under the elastic force of the seventh spring, and the second movable claw is clamped with the movable ring; meanwhile, after the gate is lifted to the right position, the gate is positioned and fixed by the upper positioning mechanism;

step six, when the gate needs to reset after the experiment is finished, an operator rotates the double-rotation-direction screw rod to enable the screw nut to drive the upper limiting seat to move towards two sides until the first movable claw and the upper wedge block are separated; the gate falls, the gate drives the first balancing weight to lift through the pull rope, the first balancing weight is lifted, the second movable claw is clamped below the arc-shaped surface of the bottom of the movable ring, the movable ring can be driven to slide up along the positioning column until the top surface of the movable ring moves into the cavity of the bottom of the fixed stop block, at the moment, the movable ring can not move any more, the second movable claw moves along the arc-shaped surface of the bottom of the movable ring, the seventh spring is compressed until the second movable claw is separated from the fixed stop block, so that the separation between the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight is completed, only the first balancing weight is driven to move up through the pull rope, the first balancing weight plays a role in resistance, and the slow falling of the gate is realized;

step seven, after the gate falls into the water tank and is sealed, loosening the positioning jackscrew to enable the limiting rod to reset into the limiting hole in the limiting block under the action of the first spring, and completing limiting self-locking of the gate;

step eight, an operator reversely rotates the double-rotation-direction screw rod, and drives the upper limiting seat to reset through a nut; and repeating the steps to complete the next experiment.

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