CN114045415A - High-strength 3003 aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-strength 3003 aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114045415A
CN114045415A CN202111309405.XA CN202111309405A CN114045415A CN 114045415 A CN114045415 A CN 114045415A CN 202111309405 A CN202111309405 A CN 202111309405A CN 114045415 A CN114045415 A CN 114045415A
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aluminum
aluminum alloy
alloy
smelting
refining
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崔建国
张政华
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Xinshen Aluminum Technology Devlopment Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising

Abstract

The application relates to the field of metal materials, in particular to a high-strength 3003 aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof. A high strength 3003 aluminum alloy comprising the following components: 1.42 to 1.47 percent of Mn1; 0.35 to 0.40 percent of Fe0; 0.12 to 0.2 percent of Cu0; 0.32% -0.37% of Si; ce0.02-0.05%; the balance being aluminum. The preparation method comprises the following steps: smelting: mixing and smelting aluminum, Ce, Si, Fe, Cu, Mn, Ti and Zr according to a proportion; refining: adjusting the temperature to 720-750 ℃ for refining, and adding an aluminum alloy refining agent for 20-30 min; casting: adopting aluminum-titanium-boron wires for online wire feeding and refining, wherein the pouring temperature is 695 and 720 ℃, and the pouring speed is 75-90 mm/min, so as to obtain a cast rod; extruding: heating the cast rod to 420-460 ℃ and extruding the cast rod into a mold, and heating the mold to 440-460 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy section. In this application adopted Ce to mix into the aluminum alloy, Ce can improve the distribution degree of consistency of Mn in the aluminum alloy to reduced the possibility that produces thick second phase in the aluminum alloy, and refined the crystalline grain, made the aluminum alloy can possess more excellent toughness and intensity.

Description

High-strength 3003 aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of metal materials, in particular to a high-strength 3003 aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Aluminum is a white light metal, is abundant on earth, is the highest metal element in earth crust, and has the characteristics of low strength and good plasticity.
The aluminum has good compatibility with other metal elements, the performance of the aluminum can be changed by adding other metal or nonmetal elements into the aluminum, and the aluminum has different performances by doping different elements into the aluminum. The 3003 aluminum alloy belongs to Al-Mn series alloy, the main doping elements are Mn, Cu, Fe and Si, and the 3003 aluminum alloy has strong plasticity, weldability, corrosion resistance and rust resistance. The existing 3003 aluminum alloy has limited bearing strength, and the tensile strength needs to be further enhanced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the tensile property of the 3003 aluminum alloy, the application provides the high-strength 3003 aluminum alloy and the preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a high strength 3003 aluminum alloy, using the following technical scheme:
a high strength 3003 aluminum alloy comprising the following components:
Mn1.42%-1.47%;Fe0.35%-0.40%;Cu0.12%-0.2%;Si0.32%-0.37%;Ce0.02-0.05%;
the balance being aluminum.
By adopting the technical scheme, Mn and aluminum form an A1-Mn solid solution, a small amount of Ce is added into the A1-Mn solid solution, so that the equilibrium distribution coefficient of Mn in the aluminum alloy can be reduced, Mn is difficult to cross a grain boundary in the process of alloy crystallization, the solubility gradient of solute elements Ce and Mn at the front boundary of the interface is increased, the density of Mn is reduced, the possibility that Mn is mutually aggregated in the process of alloy crystallization to form a coarse second phase is reduced, crystal grains are effectively refined, and the mechanical property of the 3003 aluminum alloy is improved.
Si in the aluminum alloy can improve the high-temperature fluidity of the alloy, improve the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy, reduce the hot cracking tendency of the aluminum alloy and effectively improve the casting performance of the aluminum alloy; cu can enhance the strength of the aluminum alloy in the aluminum alloy and can improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy.
Preferably, the sum of the weight of Fe and Mn is less than 1.85 percent of the total weight of the aluminum alloy.
By adopting the technical scheme, the Fe, the Mn and the aluminum form a solid solution, a small amount of Fe and Mn can be uniformly dispersed in the aluminum alloy solid solution to improve the hardness and the strength of the aluminum alloy, the Mn can prevent the recrystallization process of the aluminum alloy, improve the recrystallization temperature and obviously refine recrystallized grains, but the excessive Fe and Mn can cause the uneven distribution of Fe and Mn in the aluminum alloy, so that a coarse second phase can be formed, the brittleness of the aluminum alloy can be enhanced, and the aluminum alloy is easy to break.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the Cu in the aluminum alloy is 0.12-0.16%.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the proportion of Cu in the aluminum alloy is 0.12-0.16%, the gain effect of Cu on the aluminum alloy is maximum.
Preferably, the alloy also comprises 0.02 to 0.04 weight percent of Ti.
By adopting the technical scheme, in the process of cooling and crystallizing the aluminum alloy, small crystal grains formed inside the aluminum alloy can grow, and Ti existing in the aluminum alloy can reduce the growth range of the crystal grains inside the aluminum alloy, so that the effect of refining the crystal grains is achieved.
Preferably, the magnesium alloy also comprises 0.2 to 0.05 weight percent of Mg.
By adopting the technical scheme, the magnesium has smaller density, the total weight of the aluminum alloy can be reduced, and the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy can be improved by the magnesium.
Preferably, Zr with the weight percentage of 0.2 percent to 0.05 percent is also included.
By adopting the technical scheme, Zr has good plasticity and strong corrosion resistance, the Zr has great influence on the recrystallization of aluminum, the recrystallization temperature of the Zr can be improved, the segregation phenomenon is not easy to occur on 0.2-0.05 percent of Zr by weight, and excessive Zr can form coarse-phase Al3Zr。
Preferably, the Fe accounts for 0.35-0.37% of the aluminum alloy by weight.
By adopting the technical scheme, needle-shaped and flaky iron phases are formed in the aluminum alloy by excessive Fe, and the iron phases are brittle, so that the aluminum alloy is easy to break, and the brittleness influence of the Fe within the range of 0.35-0.37% on the aluminum alloy is small.
In a second aspect, the present application discloses a method of making a 3003 aluminum alloy.
A preparation method of a 3003 aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
smelting: mixing and smelting aluminum, Ce, Si, Fe, Cu, Mn, Ti and Zr according to a proportion;
refining: adjusting the temperature to 720-750 ℃ for refining, and adding an aluminum alloy refining agent for 20-30 min;
casting: adopting aluminum-titanium-boron wires for online wire feeding and refining, wherein the pouring temperature is 695 and 720 ℃, and the pouring speed is 75-90 mm/min, so as to obtain a cast rod;
extruding: heating the cast rod to 420-460 ℃ and extruding the cast rod into a mold, and heating the mold to 440-460 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy section.
By adopting the technical scheme, various metal raw materials are smelted and then refined, so that the distribution uniformity of various metals in aluminum can be enhanced.
Preferably, in the smelting step, Ce is added in the state of an aluminum-cerium alloy, Si is added in the state of an aluminum-silicon alloy, Fe is added in the state of an aluminum-iron alloy, Cu is added in the state of an aluminum-copper alloy, Mn is added in the state of an aluminum-manganese alloy, the smelting temperature is 730-750 ℃, and the smelting time is 4-5 hours.
By adopting the technical scheme, Ce, Si, Fe, Cu and Mn are added in the form of alloy, and after the alloy is formed with aluminum, the melting point of the aluminum alloy is relatively low, so that the aluminum alloy can be melted and doped with each other within the temperature range of 730-750 ℃, the melting temperature can be reduced, and the effects of saving energy and reducing reaction conditions are achieved.
Preferably, in the melting step, magnesium is added in the form of a magnesium ingot.
By adopting the technical scheme, the melting point of magnesium is lower, and the introduction of impurities can be reduced by adding magnesium ingots, so that the influence of the impurities on the performance of the aluminum alloy is reduced.
1. Because this application adopts Ce to mix into the aluminum alloy, Ce can improve the distribution degree of consistency of Mn in the aluminum alloy to reduced the possibility that produces thick second phase in the aluminum alloy, and refined the crystalline grain, made the aluminum alloy possess more excellent toughness and intensity.
2. Preferably, Ti and Zr are added into the aluminum alloy, and both Ti and Zr can block the growth of crystal grains in the aluminum alloy, so that the crystal grains are further refined, and the strength of the aluminum alloy is further improved.
3. According to the method, a plurality of alloys are used as raw materials, so that the smelting reaction condition is reduced, and the purity of the aluminum alloy solution is improved through refining, so that the prepared aluminum alloy has better strength.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a crystal phase diagram of example 1 of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a crystal phase diagram of comparative example 1 of the present application.
Detailed Description
The aluminum alloy refining agent in the application is purchased from Linyixing total die-casting machinery Co., Ltd, and has the name: an aluminum alloy refining agent; the cerium ingot in this application is purchased from 28095, science and technology, Inc., a New materials having the State Council.
Examples of preparation of raw materials and/or intermediates
Preparation example 1
And mixing the cerium ingot and the aluminum ingot, carrying out primary smelting at 1000 ℃ for 40min, and standing at normal temperature after the primary smelting is finished, so as to obtain the cerium-aluminum intermediate alloy.
Examples
Example 1
Preparing materials: a magnesium ingot, an aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy containing 5wt% of cerium, an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy containing 10wt% of silicon, an aluminum-iron intermediate alloy containing 12wt% of iron, an aluminum-copper intermediate alloy containing 20wt% of copper, an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy containing 80wt% of manganese, an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy containing 5wt% of titanium, and an aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy containing 5wt% of zirconium are prepared for melting, and the weight ratio of each element is magnesium 0.02%, Ce0.02%, Si0.32%, Fe0.35%, Cu0.12%, Mn1.42%, Ti0.02%, Zr0.2%, and the balance aluminum.
Smelting: putting the aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, the aluminum-iron intermediate alloy, the aluminum-copper intermediate alloy, the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, and mixing and smelting according to a proportion; the smelting temperature is 730 ℃, the smelting time is 5 hours, then magnesium ingots are added into the smelting furnace, stirring is carried out, the stirring speed is 30r/min, the stirring temperature is 730 ℃, the stirring time is 25 minutes, and slagging-off is carried out after the stirring is finished.
Refining: adjusting the furnace temperature to 750 ℃ for refining, adding an aluminum alloy refining agent, wherein the weight of the aluminum alloy refining agent is 0.13 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy, and the refining time is 20 min;
casting: adopting aluminum-titanium-boron wires to feed and refine wires on line, wherein the casting temperature is 720 ℃, the casting speed is 90mm/min, and obtaining a cast rod after cooling and forming;
extruding: heating the cast rod to 460 ℃ and extruding the cast rod into a die, and heating the die to 460 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy section;
cutting: cutting the aluminum alloy section into sections according to a certain length.
Example 2
Preparing materials: a magnesium ingot, an aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy containing 5wt% of cerium, an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy containing 10wt% of silicon, an aluminum-iron intermediate alloy containing 12wt% of iron, an aluminum-copper intermediate alloy containing 20wt% of copper, an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy containing 80wt% of manganese, an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy containing 5wt% of titanium, and an aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy containing 5wt% of zirconium are prepared for melting, and the weight ratio of each element is magnesium 0.02%, Ce0.02%, Si0.32%, Fe0.35%, Cu0.12%, Mn1.42%, Ti0.02%, Zr0.2%, and the balance aluminum.
Smelting: putting the aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, the aluminum-iron intermediate alloy, the aluminum-copper intermediate alloy, the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, and mixing and smelting according to a proportion; the smelting temperature is 750 ℃, the smelting time is 4 hours, then magnesium ingots are added into the smelting furnace, stirring is carried out, the stirring speed is 30r/min, the stirring temperature is 730 ℃, the stirring time is 25 minutes, and slagging-off is carried out after the stirring is finished.
Refining: adjusting the furnace temperature to 720 ℃ for refining, adding an aluminum alloy refining agent, wherein the weight of the aluminum alloy refining agent is 0.13 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy, and the refining time is 30 min;
casting: adopting aluminum-titanium-boron wires to feed and refine wires on line, wherein the casting temperature is 695 ℃, the casting speed is 75mm/min, and obtaining a cast rod after cooling and forming;
extruding: heating the cast rod to 420 ℃, extruding the cast rod into a die, and heating the die to 440 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy section;
cutting: cutting the aluminum alloy section into sections according to a certain length.
Examples 3 to 15
Examples 3-15 differ from example 1 only in the weight percentages of some of the elements in the aluminum alloy.
Table 1: weight percent of the elements of examples 3-15
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Example 16-example 27
Examples 16-27 differ from example 1 only in that certain weight percentages of Ti, Mg, Zr were added to the aluminum alloy.
Table 2: weight percent of the elements of examples 16-27
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 only in that Ce was not added in comparative example 1.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 only in that no Mn is added to comparative example 2.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from comparative example 1 only in that the weight percent of Fe is 0.50% and the weight percent of Mn is 1.40% in comparative example 3.
Performance detection method
1. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloys in the examples and comparative examples was measured by GB/T228.1-2010 "test method for tensile testing of metallic materials at room temperature".
2. The elongation at break of the aluminium alloys in the examples and comparative examples was determined by GB/T6892-2015 aluminium and aluminium alloy extruded sections for general industry.
Test results and analysis of results
Table 3: test results of examples and comparative examples
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
And (4) analyzing results:
combine table 3 and example 1 and comparative example 1-2, test result through tensile strength shows, Mn and Ce that adds in the aluminum alloy all can promote the tensile strength and the toughness of aluminum alloy, and Ce and Mn add the while, the tensile strength and the toughness of aluminum alloy have obtained obvious improvement, Ce can change the balanced distribution coefficient of Mn in the aluminum alloy, thereby can improve the distribution uniformity of Mn in the aluminum alloy, make Mn difficult polymerization in the aluminum alloy and form the second phase of great volume, thick second phase can make the aluminum alloy fracture more easily in the aluminum alloy.
By combining the table 3 and the examples 1-2, the strength and the toughness of the aluminum alloy prepared in the example 2 are better than those of the aluminum alloy prepared in the example 1, which shows that the effect generated by the refining temperature higher than the smelting temperature is better than that generated by the refining temperature lower than the smelting temperature, the aluminum alloy refining agent is mainly used for removing hydrogen and floating oxidation slag inclusion in molten aluminum liquid, so that the aluminum liquid is purer, and the aluminum alloy refining agent is easier to react with the total hydrogen included in the aluminum liquid in a high-temperature environment.
In combination with Table 3 and examples 3-15 and comparative example 3, the addition of Si, Fe, Cu, Mn all gives an increase in strength and toughness of the aluminum alloy within a certain range, but when added excessively, a second phase is easily formed in the aluminum alloy, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the aluminum alloy. When the amounts of Fe and Mn are added excessively, Fe and Mn attract each other to aggregate, and the strength and toughness of the aluminum alloy are further reduced.
Combining table 3 and examples 16-27, Ti, mg, Zr additions all served to refine the grains, but when added in excess, they combined with the aluminum to form a non-uniform second phase, and the ranges Ti, Mn, Zr disclosed in this application reduced the grain size in the aluminum alloy, which in turn improved the strength and toughness of the aluminum alloy.
With reference to comparative example 1 and example 1, and accompanying drawings 1 and 2, cerium is added in example 1, cerium is not added in comparative example 1, the size of crystal grains in example 1 is obviously smaller than that in comparative example 1, and surface cerium has the effect of reducing the size of crystal grains in aluminum alloy.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A high-strength 3003 aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
Mn1.42%-1.47%;Fe0.35%-0.40%;Cu0.12%-0.2%;Si0.32%-0.37%;Ce0.02-0.05%;
the balance being aluminum.
2. The high strength 3003 aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein: the sum of the weight of Fe and Mn is less than 1.85 percent of the total weight of the aluminum alloy.
3. The high strength 3003 aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein: the Cu accounts for 0.12-0.16% of the aluminum alloy by weight.
4. The high strength 3003 aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein: also comprises 0.02 to 0.04 weight percent of Ti.
5. The high strength 3003 aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein: also comprises 0.02 to 0.05 weight percent of Mg.
6. The high strength 3003 aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein: also comprises Zr with the weight percentage of 0.2 percent to 0.05 percent.
7. The high strength 3003 aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein: the Fe accounts for 0.35 to 0.37 percent of the aluminum alloy by weight.
8. A method of making a high strength 3003 aluminum alloy according to any of claims 1-7, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
smelting: mixing and smelting aluminum, Ce, Si, Fe, Cu, Mn, Ti and Zr according to a proportion;
refining: adjusting the temperature to 720-750 ℃ for refining, and adding an aluminum alloy refining agent for 20-30 min;
casting: adopting aluminum-titanium-boron wires for online wire feeding and refining, wherein the pouring temperature is 695 and 720 ℃, and the pouring speed is 75-90 mm/min, so as to obtain a cast rod;
extruding: heating the cast rod to 420-460 ℃ and extruding the cast rod into a mold, and heating the mold to 440-460 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy section.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the method comprises: in the smelting step, Ce is added in the state of aluminum-cerium alloy, Si is added in the state of aluminum-silicon alloy, Fe is added in the state of aluminum-iron alloy, Cu is added in the state of aluminum-copper alloy, Mn is added in the state of aluminum-manganese alloy, the smelting temperature is 730-750 ℃, and the smelting time is 4-5 h.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the method comprises: in the smelting step, magnesium is added in the state of a magnesium ingot.
CN202111309405.XA 2021-11-06 2021-11-06 High-strength 3003 aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN114045415A (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5120372A (en) * 1990-11-08 1992-06-09 Ford Motor Company Aluminum casting alloy for high strength/high temperature applications
JP2000104149A (en) * 1998-09-29 2000-04-11 Kobe Steel Ltd Production of aluminum-manganese alloy rolling stock having fine recrystallized grain structure
CN1752248A (en) * 2005-09-29 2006-03-29 郑州大学 Deformed Al-Mn series alloy and preparing process thereof
CN105441724A (en) * 2015-11-14 2016-03-30 合肥标兵凯基新型材料有限公司 Aluminum alloy resistant to corrosion and easy to process
CN109266888A (en) * 2018-12-03 2019-01-25 东北轻合金有限责任公司 A kind of 308 alloy cast ingot and its preparation method and application
CN109371295A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-02-22 沈阳航空航天大学 A kind of high Mn content Al-Mn alloy and preparation method thereof
CN109913715A (en) * 2019-04-16 2019-06-21 吴江市新申铝业科技发展有限公司 It is a kind of for producing the preparation method of the aluminium alloy extrusions of solar energy frame
CN111471901A (en) * 2020-05-22 2020-07-31 永杰新材料股份有限公司 Aluminium-manganese alloy and its production method

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5120372A (en) * 1990-11-08 1992-06-09 Ford Motor Company Aluminum casting alloy for high strength/high temperature applications
JP2000104149A (en) * 1998-09-29 2000-04-11 Kobe Steel Ltd Production of aluminum-manganese alloy rolling stock having fine recrystallized grain structure
CN1752248A (en) * 2005-09-29 2006-03-29 郑州大学 Deformed Al-Mn series alloy and preparing process thereof
CN105441724A (en) * 2015-11-14 2016-03-30 合肥标兵凯基新型材料有限公司 Aluminum alloy resistant to corrosion and easy to process
CN109371295A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-02-22 沈阳航空航天大学 A kind of high Mn content Al-Mn alloy and preparation method thereof
CN109266888A (en) * 2018-12-03 2019-01-25 东北轻合金有限责任公司 A kind of 308 alloy cast ingot and its preparation method and application
CN109913715A (en) * 2019-04-16 2019-06-21 吴江市新申铝业科技发展有限公司 It is a kind of for producing the preparation method of the aluminium alloy extrusions of solar energy frame
CN111471901A (en) * 2020-05-22 2020-07-31 永杰新材料股份有限公司 Aluminium-manganese alloy and its production method

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