CN114045413A - High-strength near-beta titanium alloy and smelting method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength near-beta titanium alloy and smelting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114045413A CN114045413A CN202111409853.7A CN202111409853A CN114045413A CN 114045413 A CN114045413 A CN 114045413A CN 202111409853 A CN202111409853 A CN 202111409853A CN 114045413 A CN114045413 A CN 114045413A
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910001040 Beta-titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength near-beta titanium alloy and a smelting method thereof, belonging to the technical field of titanium alloys, wherein the high-strength near-beta titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al: 2.5% -6.0%, Mo: 3.0-8.0%, Cr: 2.0% -7.0%, Zr: 1% -5.0%, Fe: 0.2 to 2.0 percent, and the balance of Ti and other inevitable impurities. During smelting, mixing the sponge titanium and the intermediate alloy required by each electrode, and pressing into the electrode; then the electrode is put into a vacuum consumable electrode furnace for repeated smelting to prepare an ingot; then the cast ingot is processed by high-temperature homogenization treatment and forging rolling treatment, and finally the rolled plate is processed by heat treatment. In addition, the invention uses low-cost Fe element to replace V element, thus reducing the cost of the alloy, reducing the deformation resistance at high temperature, leading the crystal grains to be broken more fully and being beneficial to refining the structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of titanium alloy, in particular to a high-strength near-beta titanium alloy and a smelting method thereof.
Background
The titanium alloy has low density, high specific strength and strong corrosion resistance, and compared with common structural materials such as steel, copper, aluminum and the like, the titanium alloy has no magnetism and cold brittleness, simultaneously has excellent seawater scouring corrosion resistance, high sound transmission coefficient and excellent neutron irradiation attenuation performance, is a very ideal marine material, can well meet the application requirements of marine engineering, and is known as marine metal. Titanium and titanium alloy are developed, applied and popularized in ocean engineering, have very important significance for improving the operation capability, safety, reliability, service life and the like of ocean engineering equipment, and are one of important strategic materials for building ocean strong countries. The available strength of the titanium alloy with the existing structure is generally lower than 1200MPa, and the further improvement of the strength is limited by toughness and plasticity. The existing beta titanium alloy does not meet the comprehensive requirements of ultra-high-strength structural members on performance, and new alloy design and production are imperative, so that the design and production of ultra-thick high-strength corrosion-resistant titanium alloy and the material performance research are developed, a strategic reserve technology is provided for the future large-scale application of deep sea titanium manufacturing equipment, and the method has very important significance for promoting the industrialization process of titanium products for deep sea operation equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of insufficient strength performance and the like of the existing beta titanium alloy, the invention aims to solve the technical problems that: provides a high-strength near-beta titanium alloy with excellent performance and a smelting method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the high-strength near-beta titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al: 2.5% -6.0%, Mo: 3.0-8.0%, Cr: 2.0% -7.0%, Zr: 1% -5.0%, Fe: 0.2 to 2.0 percent, and the balance of Ti and other inevitable impurities.
Further, the paint comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al: 3.0%, Mo: 5.0%, Cr: 4.0%, Zr: 2.0%, Fe: 0.8 to 2.0 percent, and the balance of Ti and other inevitable impurities.
The smelting method of the high-strength near-beta titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
weighing the components according to the mass percentage, mixing the sponge titanium and the master alloy required by each electrode for more than or equal to 6min, uniformly mixing and pressing into the electrode;
step two, repeatedly smelting the electrode in a vacuum consumable electrode furnace for 2-4 times to prepare an ingot;
step three, carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the cast ingot, wherein the heating temperature is 930-1300 ℃, and the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 10 hours;
step four, forging and rolling the homogenized cast ingot to prepare a plate with the thickness of 10-60 mm;
and step five, carrying out heat treatment on the rolled plate to obtain the high-strength near-beta titanium alloy.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: al, Mo, Cr, Zr and Fe are selectively added to the alloy components, and a multi-element strengthening mode is adopted, so that the alloy has high strength and certain plasticity and toughness; the low-cost Fe element is used for replacing the V element, so that the cost of the alloy is reduced, the deformation resistance at high temperature is reduced, the crystal grains are crushed more fully, the structure is refined, and the near-beta titanium alloy with high strong plasticity is obtained; because the near-beta alloy has higher content of alloy elements and contains the elements Cr and Fe easy to segregate, the invention adds high-temperature long-time homogenization treatment before ingot forging and rolling, further improves the distribution uniformity of the alloy elements and ensures the uniformity of the structure and the performance of the plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The high-strength near-beta titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al: 2.5% -6.0%, Mo: 3.0-8.0%, Cr: 2.0% -7.0%, Zr: 1% -5.0%, Fe: 0.2 to 2.0 percent, and the balance of Ti and other inevitable impurities.
Wherein, the preferable mixture ratio is: al: 3.0%, Mo: 5.0%, Cr: 4.0%, Zr: 2.0%, Fe: 0.8 to 2.0 percent, and the balance of Ti and other inevitable impurities.
The smelting method of the high-strength near-beta titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
weighing the components according to the mass percentage, mixing the sponge titanium and the master alloy required by each electrode for more than or equal to 6min, uniformly mixing and pressing into the electrode;
step two, repeatedly smelting the electrode in a vacuum consumable electrode furnace for 2-4 times to prepare an ingot;
step three, carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the cast ingot, wherein the heating temperature is 930-1300 ℃, and the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 10 hours;
step four, forging and rolling the homogenized cast ingot to prepare a plate with the thickness of 10-60 mm;
and step five, carrying out heat treatment on the rolled plate to obtain the high-strength near-beta titanium alloy.
According to the invention, Al, Mo, Cr, Zr and Fe are selectively added to the alloy components, and a multi-element strengthening mode is adopted, so that the alloy has high strength and certain plasticity and toughness; the low-cost Fe element is used for replacing the V element, so that the cost of the alloy is reduced, the deformation resistance at high temperature is reduced, the crystal grains are more fully crushed, and the structure is favorably refined; because the near-beta alloy has higher content of alloy elements and contains the elements Cr and Fe easy to segregate, the invention adds high-temperature long-time homogenization treatment before ingot forging and rolling, further improves the distribution uniformity of the alloy elements and ensures the uniformity of the structure and the performance of the plate.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
weighing the components in percentage by weight, wherein the components in parts by weight are as follows:
al: 3%, Mo: 5%, Cr: 4%, Zr: 2%, Fe: 0.8 percent; the balance being Ti and other unavoidable impurities.
During smelting, placing the sponge titanium and the intermediate alloy required by each electrode in a V-shaped mixer for mixing for 6min, and pressing the materials into the electrode after uniform mixing; repeatedly smelting the electrode in a vacuum consumable electrode furnace for 3 times to prepare an ingot 1; carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the cast ingot, wherein the heating temperature is 1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 h; forging and rolling the homogenized cast ingot to prepare a plate with the thickness of 10 mm; and carrying out heat treatment on the rolled plate. The melted ingot 1 was sampled from the head to the tail and subjected to the composition measurement, and the results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 composition of ingot 1 found in the test, Wt%
Example two:
weighing the components in percentage by weight, wherein the components in parts by weight are as follows:
al: 3%, Mo: 5%, Cr: 4%, Zr: 2%, Fe: 1.4 percent; the balance being Ti and other unavoidable impurities.
During smelting, placing the sponge titanium and the intermediate alloy required by each electrode in a V-shaped mixer for mixing for 8min, and pressing the materials into the electrode after uniform mixing; repeatedly smelting the electrode in a vacuum consumable electrode furnace for 4 times to prepare an ingot 2; carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the cast ingot, wherein the heating temperature is 1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 14 h; forging and rolling the homogenized cast ingot to prepare a plate with the thickness of 20 mm; and carrying out heat treatment on the rolled plate. The melted ingot 2 was sampled from the head to the tail and subjected to the composition measurement, and the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 composition of ingot 2 found in% Wt
Example three:
weighing the components in percentage by weight, wherein the components in parts by weight are as follows:
al: 3%, Mo: 5%, Cr: 4%, Zr: 2%, Fe: 2.0 percent; the balance being Ti and other unavoidable impurities.
During smelting, placing the sponge titanium and the intermediate alloy required by each electrode in a V-shaped mixer for mixing for 6min, and pressing the materials into the electrode after uniform mixing; repeatedly smelting the electrode in a vacuum consumable electrode furnace for 3 times to prepare an ingot 3; carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the cast ingot, wherein the heating temperature is 1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 16 h; forging and rolling the homogenized cast ingot to prepare a plate with the thickness of 40 mm; and carrying out heat treatment on the rolled plate. The melted ingot 3 was sampled from the head to the tail to measure the composition, and the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 composition of ingot 3 found in the test, Wt%
Comparative example one:
weighing the components in percentage by weight, wherein the components in parts by weight are as follows:
al: 3%, Mo: 5%, Cr: 4%, Zr: 2%, Fe: 2.6 percent; the balance being Ti and other unavoidable impurities.
During smelting, placing the sponge titanium and the intermediate alloy required by each electrode in a V-shaped mixer for mixing for 8min, and pressing the materials into the electrode after uniform mixing; repeatedly smelting the electrode in a vacuum consumable electrode furnace for 3 times to prepare an ingot 4; carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the cast ingot, wherein the heating temperature is 900 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 8 h; forging and rolling the homogenized cast ingot to prepare a plate with the thickness of 50 mm; and carrying out heat treatment on the rolled plate. The melted ingot 4 was sampled from the head to the tail and subjected to the composition measurement, and the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 composition of ingot 4 found in% by weight
The mechanical properties of the plates prepared in the above examples and comparative examples after heat treatment are analyzed, and the results shown in table 5 are obtained, wherein when the content of Fe is between 0.6% and 2.0%, the plates are homogenized at high temperature, the heating temperature is 930-1300 ℃, and the holding time is not less than 10 hours, the plates have good combination of strength and plasticity after heat treatment; when the Fe content exceeds 2%, the heating temperature is less than or equal to 900 ℃, and the heat preservation time is less than or equal to 10 hours, the plasticity is reduced (the elongation is less than 6%), and the subsequent processing is difficult.
Table 5 shows the mechanical properties of the heat-treated sheets prepared in the different examples
| Examples | Rm(MPa) | Rp0.2(MPa) | A(％) | Z(％) |
| Example 1 | 1228 | 1164 | 9.5 | 19 |
| Example 2 | 1278 | 1186 | 8.2 | 18 |
| Example 3 | 1303 | 1241 | 7.6 | 13 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1396 | 1310 | 5.8 | 9 |
The components and the smelting method can be used for preparing the titanium alloy with higher strength and certain plasticity and toughness, compared with the traditional titanium alloy, the component and the smelting method have the advantages that the low-cost Fe element is used for replacing the V element, the alloy cost is reduced, the deformation resistance at high temperature is reduced, the crystal grains are broken more sufficiently, the structure is more favorably refined, the uniformity of the structure and the performance of the plate is guaranteed, and the titanium alloy has a good application prospect.
Claims (3)
1. The high-strength near-beta titanium alloy is characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al: 2.5% -6.0%, Mo: 3.0-8.0%, Cr: 2.0% -7.0%, Zr: 1% -5.0%, Fe: 0.2 to 2.0 percent, and the balance of Ti and other inevitable impurities.
2. The high strength near beta titanium alloy of claim 1, wherein: the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al: 3.0%, Mo: 5.0%, Cr: 4.0%, Zr: 2.0%, Fe: 0.8 to 2.0 percent, and the balance of Ti and other inevitable impurities.
3. The method of melting a high strength near beta titanium alloy as set forth in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
weighing the components according to the mass percentage, mixing the sponge titanium and the master alloy required by each electrode for more than or equal to 6min, uniformly mixing and pressing into the electrode;
step two, repeatedly smelting the electrode in a vacuum consumable electrode furnace for 2-4 times to prepare an ingot;
step three, carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the cast ingot, wherein the heating temperature is 930-1300 ℃, and the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 10 hours;
step four, forging and rolling the homogenized cast ingot to prepare a plate with the thickness of 10-60 mm;
and step five, carrying out heat treatment on the rolled plate to obtain the high-strength near-beta titanium alloy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111409853.7A CN114045413A (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | High-strength near-beta titanium alloy and smelting method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111409853.7A CN114045413A (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | High-strength near-beta titanium alloy and smelting method thereof |
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| CN114045413A true CN114045413A (en) | 2022-02-15 |
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| CN202111409853.7A Pending CN114045413A (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | High-strength near-beta titanium alloy and smelting method thereof |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106521236A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-03-22 | 南京工业大学 | Fe-containing low-cost near-beta type high-strength titanium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108486410A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-09-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of superelevation strength and ductility product low-cost titanium alloy and the preparation method and application thereof |
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- 2021-11-25 CN CN202111409853.7A patent/CN114045413A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106521236A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-03-22 | 南京工业大学 | Fe-containing low-cost near-beta type high-strength titanium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108486410A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-09-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of superelevation strength and ductility product low-cost titanium alloy and the preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220215 |