CN114043029A - Brazing method for welding molybdenum alloy and kovar alloy by using copper-platinum solder - Google Patents
Brazing method for welding molybdenum alloy and kovar alloy by using copper-platinum solder Download PDFInfo
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- CN114043029A CN114043029A CN202111310296.3A CN202111310296A CN114043029A CN 114043029 A CN114043029 A CN 114043029A CN 202111310296 A CN202111310296 A CN 202111310296A CN 114043029 A CN114043029 A CN 114043029A
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- welding
- alloy
- solder
- kovar
- molybdenum alloy
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Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910000833 kovar Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- WBLJAACUUGHPMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper platinum Chemical compound [Cu].[Pt] WBLJAACUUGHPMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002065 alloy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004021 metal welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
- B23K1/206—Cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/002—Soldering by means of induction heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of metal welding, and particularly relates to a brazing method using a copper-platinum alloy solder. The copper-platinum solder provided by the invention is a solder with copper and platinum elements as main components, and can realize good infiltration and diffusion of molybdenum alloy and kovar alloy in a hydrogen protection atmosphere, so that a good fireproof and sealed welding joint is formed. According to the method, the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy are subjected to hydrogen combustion treatment at the temperature of 800-1000 ℃ before welding, so that the residual stress of the molybdenum alloy, the oxide on the surface of the kovar alloy and the residual stress of parts of the kovar alloy can be removed, the method is more optimized than the conventional pickling treatment method, the internal defect rate and the welding stress of a welding line can be better reduced, and a copper platinum welding flux can be preset at the welding line for welding after being subjected to acetone ultrasonic cleaningThe seam can bear 1100 ℃ high temperature, and the leakage rate of the seam is less than or equal to 0.2 multiplied by 10‑10Pa·m3/S。
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal welding with temperature resistance, fire resistance and sealing requirements. In particular to a brazing method using a copper-platinum alloy solder.
Background
At present, the environment such as high temperature and high pressure needs to be contacted in a plurality of industrial fields, for example, a plurality of pipelines and devices in the aerospace field have the requirements of high temperature resistance and sealing property, and a plurality of fireproof products also have the requirements of high temperature resistance in the civil field. At present, the solder with wider application in the industry, such as silver-based solder, oxygen-free copper and the like, can not meet the requirement of bearing the high temperature of 1100 ℃, and the nickel-based solder can not easily realize the qualified rate of higher sealing property. In addition, the surface treatment mode of the part before welding and the protective atmosphere in the welding process are also key factors influencing the quality of the welding seam, the residual stress of the part cannot be well removed by the conventional acid washing mode, and the protective atmosphere with higher dew point can bring the problem of oxidation to the workpiece in the welding process. The high temperature resistance and the sealing performance of the welding seam are realized in the brazing process of the metal components.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: provides a brazing method for welding molybdenum alloy and kovar alloy with temperature resistance, fire resistance and sealing requirements.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a brazing method for welding a molybdenum alloy and a kovar alloy using a cuplatin solder, comprising the steps of:
1) selecting a copper platinum alloy solder form according to a welding seam structure;
2) performing surface cleaning treatment before welding on a molybdenum alloy, a kovar alloy and a copper-platinum solder, performing hydrogen burning treatment at 800-1000 ℃ on the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy, and performing acetone ultrasonic cleaning on the copper-platinum solder;
3) completing welding within 48 hours after cleaning, and presetting the copper platinum welding flux at a welding seam according to a welding seam structure;
4) placing the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy metal component assembled with the copper-platinum solder at a heating position in welding equipment;
5) heating the metal components of the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy in a hydrogen protective atmosphere with the dew point less than or equal to minus 40 ℃,
6) heating and welding;
7) removing the gas protective atmosphere when the temperature is reduced to be below 80 ℃, and taking out the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy metal component;
8) and detecting the appearance and the air tightness of the welding seam, wherein the welding seam is required to be smooth and full in appearance forming, have no air holes and have corrosion defects.
The copper platinum alloy solder in the step 1) is in a filiform or a sheet form.
And 3) when the solder needs to be bent and formed in the solder presetting process in the step 3), the annealed solder is selected.
And 3) controlling the gap of the welding seam in the step 3) to be 0.01-0.1 mm.
And 4) local heating modes comprise high-frequency brazing and furnace brazing, and the Kovar alloy is required to be fixed by a clamp during the high-frequency brazing.
And 5) before heating, heating is started after the concentration of the hydrogen at the exhaust port is qualified by purification.
The welding mode of the local heating in the step 6) is heated until the solder is fully melted and spread, the heating is stopped, and the cooling is carried out in the hydrogen atmosphere;
and 7) heating the whole body in the step 7) in a welding mode to be 30-50 ℃ above the liquidus line of the welding flux, preserving heat for 2-3 min, and cooling along with the furnace in a hydrogen atmosphere.
And 8) detecting the airtightness by a helium mass spectrometer leak detector, and detecting internal defects by X-ray or CT.
The invention has the technical effects that: the copper-platinum solder provided by the invention is a solder with copper and platinum elements as main components, and can realize good infiltration and diffusion of molybdenum alloy and kovar alloy in a hydrogen protection atmosphere, so that a good fireproof and sealed welding joint is formed. According to the invention, the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy are subjected to hydrogen combustion treatment at 800-1000 ℃ before welding, so that the residual stress of the molybdenum alloy, the oxide on the surface of the kovar alloy and the residual stress of the kovar alloy and the oxide on the surface of the kovar alloy and the parts can be removed, the treatment method is more optimized than the conventional acid pickling treatment method, the internal defect rate and the welding stress of a welding seam can be better reduced, the copper-platinum welding flux can be preset at the welding seam for welding after being subjected to acetone ultrasonic cleaning, the welding process is carried out under the hydrogen protection atmosphere, a high-quality brazing joint can be obtained without adding any brazing flux, and particularly, in the high-frequency brazing welding method, the welding structure can be obtained more than that in a furnaceAdding a fine and uniform weld joint. The invention realizes the welding of the metal component of the type, ensures that the welding seam can bear the high temperature of 1100 ℃, and has the welding seam leakage rate less than or equal to 0.2 multiplied by 10-10Pa·m3/S。
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
1) The method is characterized in that a proper welding flux form is selected according to a welding seam structure, the copper platinum alloy welding flux has a wire shape and a sheet shape, and when the welding flux needs to be bent and formed in the welding flux presetting process, an annealing state welding flux needs to be selected.
2) Performing surface cleaning treatment on a molybdenum alloy, a kovar alloy and a copper-platinum solder before welding, performing hydrogen burning treatment at the temperature of 800-1000 ℃ on the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy, and performing acetone ultrasonic cleaning on the copper-platinum solder;
3) welding is completed within 48 hours after cleaning, copper platinum welding flux is preset at a welding seam according to a welding seam structure, the gap of the welding seam is kept to be controlled between 0.01mm and 0.1 mm, and no brazing flux is required to be added;
4) placing the metal component assembled with the copper-platinum solder at a heating position in welding equipment, selecting a high-frequency brazing method in a local heating mode (the method needs to fix a kovar alloy by a clamp and prevent the kovar alloy from moving under the action of magnetic force), and selecting a furnace brazing method in an overall heating mode, wherein the high-frequency brazing method is smoother in welding seam and finer in structure grain size than the furnace brazing welding method;
5) heating the workpiece in a hydrogen protective atmosphere with the dew point less than or equal to minus 40 ℃, and starting heating after checking the hydrogen concentration of an exhaust port before heating;
6) and (3) heating and welding, stopping heating after the welding material is fully melted and spread by a local heating welding mode, cooling and cooling in a hydrogen atmosphere, heating to a temperature (30-50) DEG C above the liquidus line of the welding material by an overall heating welding mode, keeping the temperature for 2-3 min (the heat preservation time of a large workpiece can be prolonged according to the structure), and cooling along with the furnace in the hydrogen atmosphere.
7) And removing the gas protective atmosphere when the temperature is reduced to be below 80 ℃, and taking out the workpiece.
8) And detecting the appearance and the air tightness of the welding seam, wherein the welding seam is required to be smooth and full in appearance forming, have no air holes and have corrosion defects. The airtightness is detected by a helium mass spectrometer leak detector to reach 0.2 multiplied by 10-10Pa·m3And S, detecting the internal defects of the welding seam in an X-ray or CT mode as required, and using the welding seam as a product after the welding seam is qualified.
Example 1
Base material: the molybdenum alloy is tubular, the outer diameter is phi 3, and the inner diameter is phi 2
The kovar alloy is tubular with an outer diameter of phi 2 and an inner diameter of phi 0.5
Welding materials: BCu50Pt50, in a wire-like annealed state, with a diameter of 0.5
1) The filamentous solder is wound into a ring shape and can be sleeved on the outer wall of the kovar alloy tube.
2) Carrying out hydrogen burning treatment on the molybdenum alloy and kovar alloy metal components at 1000 ℃, and carrying out acetone ultrasonic cleaning on the copper-platinum solder for 20 min;
3) after cleaning, the kovar alloy pipe is inserted into the molybdenum alloy hole, the solder ring is placed at the joint, and the unilateral gap between the two parts is 0.01 mm.
4) At 47 hours after cleaning, the metal component assembled with the copper platinum solder is placed in the middle of an induction coil of high-frequency welding equipment, a clamp is used for fixing the metal component, hydrogen with the dew point of-40 ℃ is introduced into a sealing cover, heating is started after the hydrogen concentration at the exhaust port is qualified by purification,
5) performing high-frequency induction heating, and stopping heating after the solder is fully melted visually;
6) after continuously ventilating for 15min (the temperature is reduced to room temperature), closing the hydrogen, opening the sealing cover and taking out the welding part;
7) the welded parts are detected, and the result is that the welding seam is formed smoothly and fully without air holes and ablation defects. Leakage rate of 0.1 × 10 by helium mass spectrometer leak detector-10Pa·m3and/S, the brazing rate inside the welding seam reaches 94.5 percent through CT detection, and the standard requirement of the first-level welding seam is met.
Example 2
Base material: the molybdenum alloy is a cylinder with a diameter of phi 12 and a height of 2
The kovar alloy is tubular with an outer diameter of phi 12 and an inner diameter of phi 8
Welding materials: BCu75Pt25, sheet annealed, thickness 0.1
1) Punching the sheet solder into a ring shape, wherein the outer diameter is phi 12.5, and the inner diameter is phi 7.5;
2) carrying out hydrogen burning treatment on the molybdenum alloy and kovar alloy metal components at 800 ℃, and carrying out acetone ultrasonic cleaning on the copper-platinum solder for 20 min;
3) after cleaning, the solder sheet is clamped between the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy metal component and is fixed by a clamp.
4) In the 42 th hour after cleaning, the metal component assembled with the copper-platinum solder is placed in an effective heating zone of a hydrogen protection brazing furnace, a furnace door is closed, hydrogen with the dew point of-40 ℃ is introduced, and after the hydrogen concentration at an exhaust port is tested to be pure and qualified, a heating program is started;
5) heating to 1210 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 2min, and turning off the furnace while introducing hydrogen;
6) when the furnace temperature is reduced to 80 ℃, closing the hydrogen, opening the furnace door and taking out the welding part;
7) the welded parts are detected, and the result is that the welding seam is formed smoothly and fully without air holes and ablation defects. Leakage rate of 8.1 × 10 by helium mass spectrometer leak detector-11Pa·m3/S。
Claims (10)
1. A brazing method for welding a molybdenum alloy and a kovar alloy by using a cuplatin solder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting a copper platinum alloy solder form according to a welding seam structure;
2) performing surface cleaning treatment before welding on a molybdenum alloy, a kovar alloy and a copper-platinum solder, performing hydrogen burning treatment at 800-1000 ℃ on the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy, and performing acetone ultrasonic cleaning on the copper-platinum solder;
3) completing welding within 48 hours after cleaning, and presetting the copper platinum welding flux at a welding seam according to a welding seam structure;
4) placing the molybdenum alloy and kovar alloy metal component assembled with the copper platinum solder at an effective heating position in welding equipment;
5) heating the metal components of the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy in a hydrogen protective atmosphere with the dew point less than or equal to minus 40 ℃,
6) heating and welding;
7) removing the gas protective atmosphere when the temperature is reduced to below 80 ℃, and taking out the welding parts of the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy;
8) and detecting the appearance and the air tightness of the welding seam, wherein the welding seam is required to be smooth and full in appearance forming, have no air holes and have corrosion defects.
2. The brazing method for welding a molybdenum alloy and a kovar alloy using a cuplatin solder according to claim 1, wherein the cuplatin solder of step 1) has a wire-like and a sheet-like shape.
3. The brazing method for welding the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy by using the cuplatin solder according to claim 1, wherein the annealing state solder is selected when the solder bending forming is required in the step 3) presetting solder process.
4. The brazing method for welding the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy by using the cuplatin brazing filler according to claim 1, wherein the gap of the welding seam in the step 3) is controlled to be (0.01-0.1) mm.
5. The brazing method for welding the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy by using the cuplatin brazing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating mode of the step 4) comprises high-frequency brazing and furnace brazing.
6. The brazing method for welding the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy by using the cuplatin brazing filler according to claim 5, wherein the kovar alloy is required to be fixed by a clamp during the high-frequency brazing.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the heating step 5) is preceded by a purification of the vent hydrogen concentration.
8. The brazing method for welding the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy by using the cuplatin solder according to claim 1, wherein the welding mode of the step 6) high-frequency heating is heated until the solder is fully melted and spread, the heating is stopped, and the temperature is reduced by cooling in a hydrogen atmosphere.
9. The brazing method for welding the molybdenum alloy and the kovar alloy by using the cuplatin solder according to claim 1, wherein the welding mode of heating in the furnace in the step 6) is heated to be 30-50 ℃ above the liquidus line of the solder, and the temperature is kept for 2-3 min, and the furnace is cooled down in a hydrogen atmosphere.
10. The brazing method for welding a molybdenum alloy and a kovar alloy using a cuplatin solder according to claim 1, wherein step 8) hermeticity is detected by helium mass spectrometer leak detector and internal defect detection is detected by X-ray or CT.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111310296.3A CN114043029A (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Brazing method for welding molybdenum alloy and kovar alloy by using copper-platinum solder |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111310296.3A CN114043029A (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Brazing method for welding molybdenum alloy and kovar alloy by using copper-platinum solder |
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| CN114043029A true CN114043029A (en) | 2022-02-15 |
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| CN202111310296.3A Pending CN114043029A (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Brazing method for welding molybdenum alloy and kovar alloy by using copper-platinum solder |
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| US20180298468A1 (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2018-10-18 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Metal composition, intermetallic compound member and joined body |
| CN113351952A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-07 | 贵州黎阳国际制造有限公司 | Butt brazing method for valvable alloy and copper |
-
2021
- 2021-11-05 CN CN202111310296.3A patent/CN114043029A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101202404A (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2008-06-18 | 核工业第八研究所 | Method of making electric heater socket connector plug |
| CN103332872A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-10-02 | 南京三乐电子信息产业集团有限公司 | Direct matched sealing method of high borosilicate hard glass and kovar alloy |
| CN105149720A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-12-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Fixture used for braze welding of TZM alloy/ceramic sealing alloy butt-sealing structure for electronic vacuum tube and braze welding method |
| US20180298468A1 (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2018-10-18 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Metal composition, intermetallic compound member and joined body |
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| Title |
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| 刘联宝 等: "《电真空器件的钎焊与陶瓷-金属封》", 国防工业出版社 * |
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