CN114042940B - Clamping device and turning method of round rod-shaped workpiece - Google Patents
Clamping device and turning method of round rod-shaped workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN114042940B CN114042940B CN202111420673.9A CN202111420673A CN114042940B CN 114042940 B CN114042940 B CN 114042940B CN 202111420673 A CN202111420673 A CN 202111420673A CN 114042940 B CN114042940 B CN 114042940B
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- round rod
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B25/00—Accessories or auxiliary equipment for turning-machines
- B23B25/06—Measuring, gauging, or adjusting equipment on turning-machines for setting-on, feeding, controlling, or monitoring the cutting tools or work
Abstract
The invention relates to a clamping device and a turning method of a round rod-shaped workpiece. The clamping device is used for turning round rod-shaped workpieces and comprises a clamping part and a correcting part, wherein the clamping part comprises a base and a tool rest arranged on the base; the correcting part is connected with the clamping part and is used for supporting the round rod-shaped workpiece and straightening the round rod-shaped workpiece by taking the axis of the lathe spindle as a reference; the correcting part comprises a correcting ring, the correcting ring comprises a cylinder, the cylinder is used for arranging the round rod-shaped workpiece, and the round rod-shaped workpiece can rotate around the axis of the round rod-shaped workpiece in the cylinder. The clamping device is used for turning long and thin rod workpieces, can be efficiently calibrated and positioned, and greatly improves the turning efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a clamping device, in particular to a clamping device for turning long and thin round rod workpieces.
Background
In the process of machining a round rod piece with a large length-diameter ratio by using a lathe, in order to improve machining precision, the rotation center of the contact part of a workpiece and a cutter needs to be ensured to coincide with the center of a main shaft. If the rotation center of the contact part of the workpiece and the cutter is not positioned on the rotation center of the main shaft, a special straightening and clamping tool is needed to clamp and straighten the part, so that the rotation center of the contact part of the workpiece and the cutter is positioned on the rotation center of the main shaft, and the turning processing is finished.
In the conventional turning process, the rotation center of the portion of the workpiece in contact with the tool can be adjusted to the rotation center of the spindle at the beginning of the process. However, because the two ends of the workpiece are fixedly supported, the two support positions are far apart, and along with the processing, the processed part of the workpiece is easy to generate flexural deformation under the propping action of the cutter, so that the workpiece needs to be turned repeatedly, and the efficiency and the precision of turning processing are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing analysis, an embodiment of the present invention is directed to a clamping device for solving the problems of low efficiency and low precision in turning round-rod-like workpieces with a large length-diameter ratio in the prior art.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a clamping apparatus for turning a round-bar-shaped workpiece, where the clamping apparatus includes:
the clamping part comprises a base and a tool rest arranged on the base; and
the correcting part is connected with the clamping part and is used for supporting the round rod-shaped workpiece and straightening the round rod-shaped workpiece by taking the axis of the lathe spindle as a reference;
the correcting part comprises a correcting ring, the correcting ring comprises a cylinder, the cylinder is used for arranging the round rod-shaped workpiece, and the round rod-shaped workpiece can rotate around the axis of the round rod-shaped workpiece in the cylinder.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the correction portion includes a connection member connected to the clamping portion, a second through hole is provided in the connection member, and the correction ring is provided in the second through hole.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the correction ring is an annular cylinder having a first through hole, the second through hole is a stepped hole, and the correction ring is embedded in the second through hole.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second through hole is a circular stepped hole, and the first through hole and the second through hole have the same axis.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tool holder has a connecting end for setting a tool, and a projection of the connecting end coincides with a partial projection of the correcting portion in an axial direction of the correcting ring.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, along an axial direction of the first through hole, the calibration ring includes a first end portion, and the connecting member is sleeved outside the first end portion; the cutter comprises a cutter point vertex, the connecting end is provided with a cutter point, and the cutter point vertex and the cutter point are positioned on the same straight line along the direction vertical to the axis of the correction ring; and the distance between the knife tip point and the end surface of the first end part is 65-70 mm along the axial direction of the correction ring.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a cavity is provided in the base, the tool holder is provided in the cavity, and the connecting end is located outside the cavity.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the base includes two bottom surfaces disposed opposite to each other and a first side surface interposed between the two bottom surfaces, and the correcting portion and the opening of the cavity are both disposed on the first side surface.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the base is a rectangular parallelepiped, the cavity is opened parallel to a bottom surface of the rectangular parallelepiped, and the first side surface is one side surface of the rectangular parallelepiped.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the correction portion includes a connection member provided to the first side surface, the connection member including an annular structure having a second through hole, the correction ring being provided to the second through hole; the knife rest is a cuboid and is parallel to the annular structure.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a turning method of a round bar-shaped workpiece, including: in the turning process, acting force perpendicular to the axial direction of the round rod-shaped workpiece is provided for the round rod-shaped workpiece, and the distance between the position of the acting force acting on the round rod-shaped workpiece and the position of the turning tool for processing the round rod-shaped workpiece is kept unchanged along the axial direction of the round rod-shaped workpiece.
The clamping device provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for turning long and thin rod workpieces, can be efficiently calibrated and positioned, and greatly improves the turning efficiency.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Wherein:
fig. 1 and 2 are schematic perspective views of a clamping device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a clamping device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a correction portion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 4;
the reference numerals are explained below:
10. a workpiece; 20. a base; 30. a tool holder; 31. a cutter; 41. a correction loop; 42. and a connecting member.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the embodiments of the invention serve to explain the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a clamping apparatus, which can be disposed on a lathe, for processing a round bar-shaped workpiece (hereinafter, referred to as a "workpiece"). The clamping device comprises a clamping part and a correcting part connected with the clamping part, and the clamping part is connected with a tool turret of a lathe so that the clamping device can move along the axial direction of a workpiece under the driving of the tool turret; the correction portion is used for providing support for the workpiece 10 and performing positioning correction so that the axis of the workpiece 10 can be kept on the same straight line with the axis of the lathe spindle during operation.
The clamping part may include a base 20 and a tool holder 30 disposed on the base 20, a tool 31 for machining a workpiece may be mounted on the tool holder 30, and the clamping part may be connected to a turret of a lathe through the base 20. The calibration part comprises a calibration ring 41, the calibration ring 41 comprises a cylinder, and the workpiece 10 is arranged in the cylinder and can rotate around the axis of the workpiece under the driving of the lathe spindle.
In one embodiment, the calibration ring 41 is an annular cylinder having a first through hole, and the workpiece 10 can be inserted into the annular cylinder.
In one embodiment, when the workpiece 10 is inserted into the cylinder of the calibration ring 41, there is a gap between the cylinder and the workpiece 10, and the gap is not greater than 0.3mm, i.e. the difference between the radius of the cross section of the workpiece 10 perpendicular to the axial direction and the radius of the first through hole is not greater than 0.3mm, and this gap fit will not affect the rotation of the workpiece 10 and can make it provide the acting force for the workpiece 10 in all directions (radial direction of the cross section of the workpiece 10) perpendicular to the axial line of the workpiece 10, and the acting force includes forces in multiple directions, which may be a supporting force or a restraining force for limiting the movement. Thereby, the workpiece 10 is prevented from moving in a direction (or radial direction) perpendicular to its axis.
According to the clamping device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the middle support is provided for the workpiece in the machining process through the correcting part, so that the rigidity of the workpiece is improved; specifically, the workpiece 10 is restricted from moving in the Y and Z directions (see fig. 1 to 4) perpendicular to the axial direction thereof by the correction ring 41, and alignment of the workpiece 10 during machining is achieved; meanwhile, when turning is performed, both ends of the workpiece 10 in the X direction (axis direction) are restricted, thereby realizing restriction of 5 degrees of freedom of the workpiece, improving the concentricity and straightness of the workpiece, and further greatly improving the turning efficiency.
Further, since the clamping portion is connected to the correcting portion, the correcting portion can move along with the tool 31, so that a specific distance is always kept between a supporting position on the workpiece 10, which is connected to the correcting portion, and a machining position of the tool 31, and further a center of a circle of the machining position of the workpiece 10 and a rotation center of the spindle are always located on the same horizontal line in the turning process, so that the workpiece 10 can meet machining requirements of concentricity, straightness, tolerance and the like, and the problem of workpiece deformation caused by a long distance (large span) between the supporting position and the machining position in the prior art is avoided.
The present invention is not limited to the type of the tool 31, and an appropriate tool can be selected according to the work requirement.
In one embodiment, the round rod-shaped workpiece may be an elongated rod with a large length-to-diameter ratio, and further may be a cylindrical rod-shaped workpiece.
In one embodiment, during machining, one end of the workpiece 10 is connected to a main shaft of a lathe, and the workpiece 10 can rotate around its own axis in the calibration ring 41 under the driving of the main shaft, so that different positions on the circumferential surface of the workpiece can be machined by the tool 31. When the workpiece 10 is rotated, the correction ring 41 is not rotated.
In one embodiment, the workpiece 10 may be aligned by the calibration ring 41 during the machining process, so that the axis of the workpiece 10, the axis of the calibration ring 41 and the axis of the lathe spindle are located on the same horizontal line. Specifically, the lathe axis direction correcting ring 41 is located in front of the tool 31, and as the turning process progresses, the turret moves the correcting ring 41, the tool rest 30, and the tool 31 together along the lathe axis direction, and the correcting ring 41 contacts the portion to be processed of the workpiece 10 before the tool 31, so that the workpiece 10 is corrected by the correcting ring 41 before the processing.
In one embodiment, the calibration portion further includes a connection member 42, the connection member 42 is connected to the clamping portion, and the calibration ring 41 and the connection member 42 are in an interference fit, so that the calibration ring 41 and the connection member 42 do not move relative to each other during the machining process.
In one embodiment, the connecting member 42 has a second through hole, the second through hole is a step hole, further, the second through hole has a T-shaped cross section along the direction parallel to the axis thereof, and the calibration ring 41 can be embedded in the hole with a larger diameter of the second through hole, i.e., the connecting member 42 is sleeved outside the calibration ring 41 through the second through hole. The stepped holes are provided to enable the correction ring 41 to be quickly disassembled and assembled, so that the correction ring 41 can be detachably installed on the connection member 42, and the correction ring 41 having first through holes with different diameters can be installed on the connection member 42 as needed to process workpieces 10 with different sizes.
In one embodiment, the connecting member 42 may be disposed on the base 20.
In one embodiment, the calibration ring 41 is a cylinder, and the calibration ring 41 has a first end along the axial direction of the first through hole, and the connection member 42 is sleeved outside the first end.
In one embodiment, the first through hole and the second through hole may be circular holes, and both have the same axis, and further, the calibration ring 41, the first through hole and the second through hole have the same axis.
In one embodiment, the connecting member 42 includes a ring-shaped structure, and the second through hole is disposed in the ring-shaped structure.
In one embodiment, the connecting member 42 is located between the calibration ring 41 and the cutter 31 in the axial direction of the calibration ring 41.
In one embodiment, the second through hole is a stepped hole including two through holes, the correction ring 41 is embedded in the hole with a larger diameter of the second through hole, and the hole with a smaller diameter is located between the correction ring 41 and the tool holder 30 along the axial direction of the correction ring 41.
In one embodiment, the tool holder 30 has a connecting end for direct connection with the tool 31, the tool 31 includes a cutting tip, and the connecting end has a cutting tip point (a point corresponding to the cutting tip), and the cutting tip point are located on the same line along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the correction ring 41 after the tool 31 is disposed on the tool holder 30. The distance between the knife edge point of the connecting end and the end face of the first end of the correction ring 41 along the axial direction of the correction ring 41 is 65 to 70mm. The distance is also the distance from the end face of the end part of the correction ring 41 facing the tool 31 to the tool tip apex along the axial direction of the correction ring 41, and the span is far smaller than the total length of the slender round-bar workpiece, so that the rigidity of the workpiece 10 is improved, and the flexible deformation of the workpiece 10 caused by the radial force generated by the tool and the axial extrusion force of the two end face apexes is reduced.
In addition, the distance between the connecting end and the first end is set, so that the processing position (contact position) of the tool 31 on the workpiece 10 and the supporting position provided by the correcting ring 41 for the workpiece 10 are not too far away in the processing process, and the problem that the rotation center of the processing position on the workpiece 10 deviates from the axis of the lathe spindle due to the processing of the tool 31, and further the workpiece 10 deforms along the radial direction, so that the straightness is reduced is further avoided.
In one embodiment, a cavity is defined in the base 20, and the tool holder 30 can be disposed in the cavity with the connecting end outside the cavity and adjacent to the axis of the calibration ring 41.
In one embodiment, the tool 31 is connected to the tool holder 30 through a rack and pinion mechanism (not shown), and the movement of the tool 31 along the radial direction of the workpiece 10 can be controlled by adjusting the gear on the tool holder 30, so as to change the machining position of the tool 31.
In one embodiment, the base 20 includes a first side surface, and the calibration portion and the tool holder 30 are located outside the first side surface, i.e., the side of the first side surface away from the base 20. Furthermore, the correcting portion and the opening of the cavity can be both disposed on the first side surface.
In one embodiment, the connecting member 42 is disposed on the first side of the base 20.
In one embodiment, the projection of the connecting end of the tool holder 30 coincides with a partial projection of the calibration portion 41 along the axial direction of the calibration ring 41.
In one embodiment, the base 20 includes two bottom surfaces disposed oppositely, and the first side surface is sandwiched between the two bottom surfaces, and the first side surface may be a concave arc surface; the connecting part 42 is arranged on the arc-shaped surface, and the shape of the arc-shaped surface is matched with the annular structure of the connecting part 42.
In one embodiment, the base 20 may be a rectangular parallelepiped, the cavity is parallel to the bottom surface of the rectangular parallelepiped, and the first side surface is a side surface of the rectangular parallelepiped.
In one embodiment, the tool 31 may be disposed on the tool holder 30 at a position closest to the calibration ring 41. For example, the tool holder 30 has a rectangular bar shape, and the tool 31 may be disposed near the apex of the tool holder closer to the connecting member 42.
In one embodiment, the tool holder 30 is a rectangular parallelepiped and is disposed parallel to the annular configuration of the attachment member 42.
In one embodiment, the turret may hold the base 20 with the clamp to move the clamping device along the axis of the workpiece 10.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a turning method of a rod-shaped workpiece, including: during the turning process, acting force perpendicular to the axial direction of the round rod-shaped workpiece is applied to the round rod-shaped workpiece, and the distance between the position of the acting force acting on the round rod-shaped workpiece and the position of the turning tool for processing the round rod-shaped workpiece is kept constant along the axial direction of the rod-shaped workpiece.
In one embodiment, the distance between the position where the force acts on the round bar-shaped workpiece and the position where the turning tool machines the round bar-shaped workpiece is 65 to 70mm.
Hereinafter, a clamping apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention and a use thereof will be further described with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Examples
A clamping device comprises a clamping part and a correcting part connected with the clamping part, wherein the clamping part comprises a base 20 and a tool rest 30 arranged on the base 20, and a cutter 31 is arranged on the tool rest 30. The base 20 is a cuboid which comprises a first side face, the first side face is a sunken arc-shaped face, a cavity is formed in the cuboid, and an opening of the cavity is formed in the first side face; the tool holder 30 is disposed in the cavity of the base 20 through the opening, and one end of the tool holder, at which the tool 31 is disposed, is located outside the base 20; a rack and pinion drive connected to the tool holder 30 is also provided in the cavity.
The correcting part comprises a correcting ring 41 and a connecting part 42, wherein the correcting ring 41 is a cylinder, and a circular first through hole is formed in the cylinder; the connecting member 42 is disposed on the first side surface of the base 20; the connecting member 42 has a second through hole which is a stepped hole and has a T-shaped cross section along a direction parallel to the axis thereof; the correction ring 41 is fitted in the hole having a larger diameter of the second through hole, and the correction ring 41 and the connection member 42 are in interference fit. The distance from the end surface of the end portion of the correction ring 41 facing the cutter 31 to the tip apex of the cutter edge of the cutter 31 in the axial direction of the correction ring 41 is 65mm.
In operation, the base 20 is connected to the turret of a lathe, the workpiece 10 is inserted into the calibration ring 41, a gap of 0.2mm is formed between the workpiece 10 and the inner wall of the calibration ring 41, and one end of the workpiece 10 is connected to the spindle of the lathe. The turret drives the base 20 to move along the axial direction of the workpiece 10, and simultaneously the workpiece 10 rotates along with the lathe spindle, the correction ring 41 reaches the processing position of the workpiece 10 first, the supporting force of the correction ring 41 plays a role in straightening, and then the tool 31 reaches the processing position to perform processing operation.
In the clamping apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, when the turning operation of the workpiece 10 is performed, the workpiece 10 may be first aligned and positioned by the alignment portion so that the axis of the workpiece 10, the axis of the alignment ring 41, and the axis of the lathe spindle are on the same horizontal line. The position of the tool 31 along the radial direction of the workpiece 10 is adjusted by moving the tool post 30 in the cavity of the base 20 in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the workpiece 10 to determine the working position of the tool 31 on the workpiece 10. Under the drive of the main shaft, the workpiece 10 rotates around the axis thereof, the turret drives the clamping device to move along the axis direction of the workpiece 10, and the cutter 31 and the correction ring 41 move along with the movement.
Along with the rotation of the workpiece 10 and the movement of the clamping device, the cutter 31 performs turning operation on different parts of the workpiece 10, and in the operation process, the distance between the support position provided by the correction ring 41 for the workpiece 10 and the cutter 31 is smaller and is kept unchanged all the time, so that the operation span is reduced, the workpiece 10 is straightened in the processing process, and the straightness of the workpiece 10 is improved. Meanwhile, the axis of the workpiece 10, the axis of the correction ring 41, and the axis of the main spindle can be made to lie on the same horizontal line in both the stationary and moving states.
The clamping device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of accurate positioning, high correction precision and simple and reliable structure.
The clamping device provided by the embodiment of the invention can enable the axes of the workpiece to be positioned on the same horizontal line in the straightening and turning processes, and meets the processing requirements of concentricity and straightness.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A clamping device for turning round rod-shaped workpieces, the clamping device comprising:
the clamping part comprises a base and a tool rest arranged on the base; and
the correcting part is connected with the clamping part and is used for supporting the round rod-shaped workpiece and straightening the round rod-shaped workpiece by taking the axis of the lathe spindle as a reference;
the correcting part comprises a correcting ring, the correcting ring comprises a cylinder, the cylinder is used for arranging the round rod-shaped workpiece, and the round rod-shaped workpiece can rotate around the axis of the round rod-shaped workpiece in the cylinder.
2. The clamping device according to claim 1, wherein the correcting portion comprises a connecting part, the connecting part is connected with the clamping portion, a second through hole is formed in the connecting part, and the correcting ring is arranged in the second through hole.
3. The clamping device according to claim 2, wherein the correction ring is an annular cylinder body with a first through hole, the second through hole is a stepped hole, and the correction ring is embedded in the second through hole;
and/or the second through hole is a circular stepped hole, and the first through hole and the second through hole have the same axis.
4. The clamping device according to claim 3, wherein the tool holder has a connecting end for arranging a tool, and a projection of the connecting end coincides with a partial projection of the correcting portion in the axial direction of the correcting ring.
5. The clamping device according to claim 4, wherein the correction ring comprises a first end part along the axial direction of the first through hole, and the connecting part is sleeved outside the first end part; the cutter comprises a cutter point vertex, the connecting end is provided with a cutter point, and the cutter point vertex and the cutter point are positioned on the same straight line along the direction vertical to the axis of the correction ring;
and the distance between the knife tip point and the end surface of the first end part is 65-70 mm along the axial direction of the correction ring.
6. The clamping device of claim 4, wherein a cavity is provided in the base, the tool holder is provided in the cavity, and the connecting end is located outside the cavity.
7. The clamping device according to claim 6, wherein the base comprises two bottom surfaces which are arranged oppositely and a first side surface which is arranged between the two bottom surfaces in a clamping mode, and the correcting portion and the opening of the cavity are arranged on the first side surface.
8. The clamping device of claim 7, wherein the base is a cuboid, the cavity opens parallel to a bottom surface of the cuboid, and the first side surface is one side surface of the cuboid.
9. The clamping device according to claim 7, wherein the correction portion comprises a connecting member disposed on the first side surface, the connecting member comprising an annular structure having a second through hole, the correction ring being disposed on the second through hole; the knife rest is a cuboid and is parallel to the annular structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111420673.9A CN114042940B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Clamping device and turning method of round rod-shaped workpiece |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111420673.9A CN114042940B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Clamping device and turning method of round rod-shaped workpiece |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114042940A CN114042940A (en) | 2022-02-15 |
| CN114042940B true CN114042940B (en) | 2023-01-10 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102380623A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-03-21 | 深圳市鸿益进五金有限公司 | High-speed profiling turning mechanism |
| CN203371041U (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2014-01-01 | 大连中野电气自动化有限公司 | Cam numerical control shaft for machining tip surface of piston ring on copying lathe |
| CN103537716A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-29 | 湖州松华橡塑有限公司 | Special-purpose lathe for polytetrafluoroethylene water-pressure blanks |
| CN204075232U (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2015-01-07 | 汤子尧 | Turnery processing bends the device of major axis |
| CN205362708U (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-07-06 | 江西昌河航空工业有限公司 | Simple and easy turning auxiliary device |
| CN111545773A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-18 | 上海运城制版有限公司 | Turning device for printing roller with shaft |
| CN212857774U (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2021-04-02 | 大连职业技术学院 | Shock-proof device for slender shaft turning |
| CN113478186B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-03-03 | 齐齐哈尔建华机械有限公司 | Machining method of slender threaded workpiece |
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