CN114042860B - Low-emission environment-friendly casting mold material recycling process - Google Patents
Low-emission environment-friendly casting mold material recycling process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114042860B CN114042860B CN202111432296.0A CN202111432296A CN114042860B CN 114042860 B CN114042860 B CN 114042860B CN 202111432296 A CN202111432296 A CN 202111432296A CN 114042860 B CN114042860 B CN 114042860B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003110 molding sand Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010405 clearance mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/06—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by sieving or magnetic separating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/04—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by grinding, blending, mixing, kneading, or stirring
- B22C5/0409—Blending, mixing, kneading or stirring; Methods therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/08—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by sprinkling, cooling, or drying
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-emission environment-friendly casting material recycling process, which relates to the technical field of casting material recycling and comprises the steps of dispersing, cooling, demagnetizing, collecting magnetic impurities, crushing, grinding, dedusting, purifying, recovering waste heat, roasting at high temperature and mixing auxiliary materials; wherein, after the three-layer filtration of a large amount of high temperature flue gas that produce in the dispersion cooling process through just effective filter screen, well effect filter screen and high-efficient filter screen, get the purification flue gas by removing granule dust and various suspended matters below 0.5um, reduced the emission of polluting the flue gas, promoted the heat reuse in the high temperature flue gas, practiced thrift the energy consumption of calcination heating, the recovery recycle of magnetic impurity is convenient for be collected in the clearance of magnetic impurity, this cyclic utilization technology is realizing the low energy consumption cyclic recycle of casting mould material under the low emission of realization, environmental protection's requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of casting material recovery, in particular to a process for recycling a low-emission environment-friendly casting material.
Background
All materials used for manufacturing casting molds, such as molding sand, paint and the like are molding materials, in modern casting production, castings manufactured by the sand mold still account for about 90% of the total yield of the castings, and for the casting industry, the important points are the formula of the molding sand (containing sand cores), the mode of sand mixing, the process performance and the influence on the quality of the castings, and when the molding sand is used for manufacturing the castings, a large amount of high-temperature waste sand is discharged, if the waste sand is not subjected to regeneration and circulation treatment, the quality of raw yarns is recycled, so that not only is the waste of resources caused, but also the serious pollution is caused to the environment;
the Chinese patent of the issued publication No. CN104162630B discloses a recycling method of waste molding sand for casting, which mainly adopts a centrifugal regenerator to recycle old sand, can recycle more than 90 percent of the old sand, carries out crushing, magnetic separation and screening and sorting treatment on the old sand more than 90 percent of the old sand, carries out twice roasting, cooling treatment after roasting, adding new sand, bentonite and water glass, and stirring and mixing in a sand mixer to obtain novel sand suitable for casting production; the method has the advantages that the mode of combining secondary roasting and low-temperature roasting is utilized, waste heat of the countercurrent heat exchanger in the furnace is fully utilized, pollution of waste gas is reduced, quality of regenerated sand is improved, damage to a hearth and a furnace core is reduced, and service life of equipment is prolonged; however, it has been found that the following technical problems still exist: the magnetic impurities are not collected and recovered in a concentrated way, and high-temperature flue gas is not purified, so that emission is reduced, and the recycling of the casting mold material with low energy consumption is realized;
in view of the technical drawbacks of this aspect, a solution is now proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-emission environment-friendly casting material recycling process, which is used for solving the technical problems that magnetic impurities are not collected and recovered intensively, high-temperature flue gas is not purified, emission is reduced, and the recycling of the casting material with low energy consumption is realized in the prior art.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
a process for recycling low-emission environment-friendly casting materials comprises the following steps:
dispersing, cooling and demagnetizing: introducing the waste casting materials into a low-emission environment-friendly casting material recycling system, stirring and dispersing, and spraying and cooling with normal-temperature water to generate a large amount of high-temperature smoke;
magnetic impurity collection: high-pressure gas is introduced into the air inlet cavity along the air inlet pipe, the formed air flow is blown into the inner cavity of the mounting head through the air inlet, the movable joint continuously rotates due to the high-pressure air flow, the movable joint drives the mounting column and the connecting rod to rotate, the brush cleans and removes magnetic impurities adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic rod, and the magnetic impurities are adsorbed and collected by negative pressure after the negative pressure port is communicated with the vacuum pump;
crushing and grinding: the casting material after temperature reduction and demagnetization is crushed, milled and sieved to obtain a demagnetized and refined casting material;
dust removal and purification: under the negative pressure centrifugal effect generated by the first centrifugal pump, the high-temperature flue gas sequentially passes through three layers of filter screens of the primary filter screen, the medium-efficiency filter screen and the high-efficiency filter screen, and then particles dust and various suspended matters below 0.5um are removed to obtain purified flue gas;
waste heat recovery: after heat of the purified flue gas exchanges heat with the heat exchange fin plates, the heat stored by the heat exchange fin plates continuously enters a jacket layer of the roasting chamber along an air outlet pipe under the negative pressure effect of the vacuum pump, and waste heat is provided for the roasting chamber;
high-temperature roasting: roasting the demagnetized and refined casting material at a high temperature of 600-700 ℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain a roasted casting material;
mixing auxiliary materials: and adding the binder and the auxiliary materials into the roasted casting material, and uniformly mixing to obtain the regenerated casting material.
Further, the discarded casting materials are selected from discarded lost foam hot molding sand, and the temperature is 200-300 ℃; the specific process of dispersing, cooling and demagnetizing is as follows: adding waste casting materials from a feed inlet, falling into a cooling and demagnetizing cavity, driving a first stirring shaft, a dispersing frame and a spray box to rotate by a first motor, stirring and dispersing the high-temperature casting materials by the dispersing frame, spraying normal-temperature water in the spray box through a spray pipe and a spray header, rapidly exchanging heat with the high-temperature casting materials and cooling to generate a large amount of high-temperature smoke, and enabling the high-temperature smoke to flow upwards into a dust removal pipe; the second motor drives the magnetic removing shaft and the magnetic removing rod to rotate, the cooled casting mold material is stirred and dispersed, the magnetic impurities contained in the casting mold material are adsorbed and removed by the magnetic removing rod, and the cooled and demagnetized casting mold material is discharged into the crushing and grinding cavity through the discharge hole.
Further, the concrete process of crushing and grinding is as follows: the third motor drives the driving belt pulley to rotate through the driving shaft, the driving belt pulley drives the driving belt and the driven belt pulley to rotate, the driven belt pulley drives the main grinding shaft and the main grinding roller to rotate, the main grinding roller drives the auxiliary grinding roller meshed with the main grinding shaft to rotate, the auxiliary grinding roller drives the auxiliary grinding shaft to rotate, and in the process of rotating the main grinding roller and the auxiliary grinding roller, the cooling and demagnetizing casting materials are ground and crushed, and the demagnetizing refined casting materials are obtained after the screen is screened.
Further, the specific process of high-temperature roasting is as follows: and after the demagnetizing and refining casting materials are sent into the inner cavity of the roasting chamber through the material conveying pipe by the material conveying pump, the fourth motor drives the second stirring shaft and the stirring blades to rotate, so that the dispersing of the demagnetizing and refining casting materials is promoted, the inner cavity of the roasting chamber is heated to 600-700 ℃ by the quartz heating rod, and the roasting casting materials are obtained after heat preservation and heating for 1-2 hours.
Further, the binder is selected from water glass, and the dosage is 3-6% of the weight of the roasted casting material; the auxiliary materials are selected from bentonite and coal dust, the dosage of the bentonite is 0.8-1.5% of the weight of the roasted casting material, and the dosage of the coal dust is 0.2-0.4% of the weight of the roasted casting material.
Further, the low-emission environment-friendly casting material recycling system comprises a cooling, crushing and demagnetizing box, a waste heat recovery box, a roasting chamber and an auxiliary material mixing chamber; the inner chamber from the top down of cooling smashing and removing the magnetism case is equipped with the cooling and removes magnetism chamber, smashes the chamber of milling in proper order, and one side wall portion in cooling and removing magnetism chamber is equipped with the feed inlet, and another side wall portion is equipped with the dust removal pipe, and cooling removes magnetism chamber department and is equipped with stirring spraying mechanism and removes magnetism clearance mechanism.
Further, stirring spraying mechanism includes first motor, first (mixing) shaft and dispersion frame, and the top in cooling degaussing chamber is located to first motor, and the motor shaft of first motor stretches into cooling degaussing intracavity and is connected with first (mixing) shaft, and the periphery from the top down of first (mixing) shaft is equipped with spray box and dispersion frame in proper order, and spray box is interior to hold has the warm water, and spray box's bottom is through a plurality of shower and the shower head intercommunication of arranging dispersion frame bottom outer fringe in.
Further, the magnetic removal cleaning mechanism comprises a second motor, a magnetic removal shaft and magnetic removal rods, wherein the second motor is arranged on the outer wall of the cooling magnetic removal cavity below the stirring spraying mechanism, the second motor is connected with the magnetic removal shaft which horizontally penetrates through the cooling magnetic removal cavity, and a plurality of magnetic removal rods are fixed on the path of the magnetic removal shaft at equal intervals through a shaft sleeve; an air inlet pipe is arranged at one end, far away from the second motor, of the magnetic removal shaft, and an air inlet cavity communicated with the air inlet pipe is arranged in the center of the magnetic removal shaft.
Further, a cleaning mechanism is arranged between the adjacent magnetic removal bars, the cleaning mechanism comprises a mounting head, a movable joint and a mounting column, the mounting head is arranged on the outer wall of the magnetic removal shaft and is communicated with the air inlet cavity through an air inlet, the movable joint is rotationally connected to the mounting head and can rotate relative to the mounting head, the mounting column is vertically arranged on the movable joint, a plurality of connecting rods facing the magnetic removal bars are arranged on two sides of the length direction of the mounting column, and the tail ends of the connecting rods are provided with brushes in contact with the surfaces of the magnetic removal bars.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the process for recycling the casting mold material, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas generated in the dispersing and cooling process is filtered through the primary filter screen, the medium-efficiency filter screen and the high-efficiency filter screen in three layers, and then particle dust and various suspended matters below 0.5um are removed to obtain purified flue gas, so that the emission of polluted flue gas is reduced, the recycling of heat in the high-temperature flue gas is promoted, the energy consumption of roasting and heating is saved, the magnetic impurities are cleaned and collected to be convenient for recycling the magnetic impurities, and the recycling process realizes the recycling of the casting mold material with low energy consumption under the requirements of low emission and environmental protection.
2. The stirring and spraying mechanism realizes synchronous stirring and dispersing and spraying cooling of the waste high-temperature casting materials, the contact area between the waste high-temperature casting materials and the water after dispersing and refining is increased, and the cooling efficiency is improved.
3. The magnetic impurities in the casting mold materials are adsorbed and cooled by the magnetic removing and cleaning mechanism, meanwhile, the connecting rod and the hairbrush are rotated by wind power, the magnetic impurities adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic removing rod are cleaned and collected, the magnetic impurities are convenient to recycle, and the benefit of recycling the casting mold materials is improved.
4. Grinding and crushing the temperature-reducing and demagnetizing casting materials in the process of rotating the main grinding roller and the auxiliary grinding roller, and sieving to obtain demagnetizing and refining casting materials; the belt transmission is matched with the grinding and crushing of the grinding roller, the noise is low, the transmission is stable, and the demagnetizing refined casting material with uniform particle size is obtained through uniform crushing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of recycling low-emission environment-friendly casting materials in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a low emission environmental protection molding material recycling system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a low-emission environment-friendly casting material recycling system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a stirring and spraying mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a demagnetizing and cleaning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an internal cross-sectional view of a demagnetizing shaft in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a sweeping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a comminution milling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a side view of a comminution milling mechanism in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals: 10. cooling, crushing and demagnetizing the box; 11. cooling and demagnetizing the cavity; 12. crushing the milling cavity; 13. a feed inlet; 14. a dust removal pipe; 15. a discharge port; 16. a negative pressure port; 17. a first centrifugal pump; 18. a feed pipe; 19. a material conveying pump; 20. a waste heat recovery box; 21. an air inlet end; 22. a heat exchange fin plate; 23. an air outlet end; 24. an air outlet pipe; 25. a vacuum pump; 29. a screen; 30. a roasting chamber; 31. a jacket layer; 32. a fourth motor; 33. a second stirring shaft; 34. stirring blades; 35. a quartz heating rod; 36. a powder feeding pipe; 37. a second centrifugal pump; 40. an auxiliary material mixing chamber; 41. a fifth motor; 42. a third stirring shaft; 43. a stirring frame; 44. a hopper; 50. a stirring and spraying mechanism; 51. a first motor; 52. a first stirring shaft; 53. a dispersion frame; 54. a spray box; 55. a spray header; 56. a spray header; 60. a demagnetizing and cleaning mechanism; 61. a second motor; 62. a demagnetizing shaft; 63. removing a magnetic rod; 64. an air inlet pipe; 65. an air inlet cavity; 66. a mounting head; 67. a movable joint; 68. a mounting column; 69. an air inlet; 70. a crushing and grinding mechanism; 71. a third motor; 72. a main milling shaft; 73. a secondary grinding shaft; 74. a drive shaft; 75. a driving pulley; 76. a driven pulley; 77. a drive belt; 78. a main grinding roller; 79. an auxiliary grinding roller; 80. a shaft sleeve; 681. a connecting rod; 682. a brush.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a low-emission environment-friendly casting material recycling system, which comprises a cooling, crushing and demagnetizing box 10, a waste heat recovery box 20, a roasting chamber 30 and an auxiliary material mixing chamber 40. The cooling, crushing and demagnetizing box 10 is used for spraying, cooling, demagnetizing, crushing and sieving the abandoned casting materials to obtain demagnetized and refined casting materials; the waste heat recovery box 20 is used for dedusting and recovering waste heat of hot flue gas generated in the spray cooling and crushing processes; the roasting chamber 30 is used for roasting the demagnetized and refined casting material at high temperature to obtain a roasted casting material, and the auxiliary material mixing chamber 40 is used for mixing the roasted casting material with the binder and the auxiliary material to obtain a regenerated casting material.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2-4, the inner cavity of the cooling, crushing and demagnetizing box 10 is sequentially provided with a cooling and demagnetizing cavity 11 and a crushing and grinding cavity 12 from top to bottom, one side wall part of the cooling and demagnetizing cavity 11 is provided with a feed inlet 13, the other side wall part is provided with a dust removing pipe 14, and the cooling and demagnetizing cavity 11 is provided with a stirring spraying mechanism 50 and a demagnetizing cleaning mechanism 60. The stirring spraying mechanism 50 comprises a first motor 51, a first stirring shaft 52 and a dispersing frame 53, wherein the first motor 51 is arranged at the top of the cooling and demagnetizing cavity 11, a motor shaft of the first motor 51 stretches into the cooling and demagnetizing cavity 11 and is connected with the first stirring shaft 52, a spraying box 54 and the dispersing frame 53 are sequentially arranged on the periphery of the first stirring shaft 52 from top to bottom, water is contained in the spraying box 54, and the bottom of the spraying box 54 is communicated with a spraying head 56 arranged at the outer edge of the bottom of the dispersing frame 53 through a plurality of spraying pipes 55.
When waste casting materials such as molding sand are added from the feed inlet 13, the waste casting materials fall into the cooling and demagnetizing cavity 11, the first motor 51 drives the first stirring shaft 52, the dispersing frame 53 and the spray box 54 to rotate, the dispersing frame 53 stirs and disperses the high-temperature casting materials, normal-temperature water in the spray box 54 is sprayed out through the spray pipe 55 and the spray header 56, and rapidly exchanges heat with the high-temperature casting materials to cool the casting materials to generate a large amount of high-temperature smoke, and the high-temperature smoke flows upwards into the dust removal pipe 14. The stirring and spraying mechanism 50 realizes synchronous stirring, dispersing and spraying cooling of the waste high-temperature casting materials, and increases the contact area between the waste high-temperature casting materials and the water after dispersing and refining, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 5-7, the magnetic removal cleaning mechanism 60 includes a second motor 61, a magnetic removal shaft 62 and magnetic removal bars 63, the second motor 61 is disposed on an outer wall of the cooling magnetic removal cavity 11 below the stirring spraying mechanism 50, the second motor 61 is connected with the magnetic removal shaft 62 horizontally penetrating through the cooling magnetic removal cavity 11, and a plurality of magnetic removal bars 63 are fixed on a path of the magnetic removal shaft 62 at equal intervals through a shaft sleeve 80. The magnetic removing rod 63 is selected from high temperature and high strength neodymium iron boron permanent magnets. An air inlet pipe 64 is arranged at one end of the demagnetizing shaft 62 far away from the second motor 61, and an air inlet cavity 65 communicated with the air inlet pipe 64 is arranged in the center of the demagnetizing shaft 62.
The cleaning mechanism is arranged between the adjacent magnetic removal rods 63 and comprises a mounting head 66, a movable joint 67 and a mounting column 68, wherein the mounting head 66 is arranged on the outer wall of the magnetic removal shaft 62 and is communicated with the air inlet cavity 65 through an air inlet 69, the movable joint 67 is rotatably connected to the mounting head 66 and can rotate relative to the mounting head 66, the mounting column 68 is vertically arranged on the movable joint 67, a plurality of connecting rods 681 facing the magnetic removal rods 63 are arranged on two sides of the length direction of the mounting column 68, and the tail ends of the connecting rods 681 are provided with brushes 682 in contact with the surfaces of the magnetic removal rods 63. The bottom of the cooling and demagnetizing cavity 11 is provided with a discharge port 15, and the bottom of the side wall of the cooling and demagnetizing cavity 11 is provided with a negative pressure port 16.
In the process of driving the magnetic removing shaft 62 and the magnetic removing rod 63 to rotate by the second motor 61, the cooled casting material is stirred and dispersed, the magnetic impurities contained in the casting material are adsorbed and removed by the magnetic removing rod 63, and the cooled and demagnetized casting material is discharged into the crushing and grinding cavity 12 through the discharge port 15. After high-pressure gas is introduced into the air inlet cavity 65 along the air inlet pipe 64, the formed air flow is blown into the inner cavity of the mounting head 66 through the air inlet 69, the movable joint 67 continuously rotates due to the high-pressure gas flow, the movable joint 67 drives the mounting column 68 and the connecting rod 681 to rotate, the brush 682 cleans and removes magnetic impurities adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic removing rod 63, and the negative pressure port 16 is communicated with the vacuum pump, so that the magnetic impurities are adsorbed and collected by negative pressure. The magnetic impurities in the casting mold material after the temperature reduction can be adsorbed by the magnetic removing and cleaning mechanism 60, meanwhile, the connecting rod 681 and the brush 682 are rotated by wind power, the magnetic impurities adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic removing rod 63 are cleaned and collected, the magnetic impurities are convenient to recycle, and the benefit of recycling the casting mold material is improved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-2 and fig. 8-9, in the low-emission environment-friendly casting material recycling system of the present embodiment, a crushing and grinding mechanism 70 is disposed at the crushing and grinding chamber 12, the crushing and grinding mechanism 70 includes a third motor 71, a main grinding shaft 72 and a secondary grinding shaft 73, the third motor 71 is disposed outside the crushing and grinding chamber 12, a motor shaft of the third motor 71 is connected with a driving shaft 74, the driving shaft 74 penetrates through the axle center of a driving pulley 75, a driven pulley 76 is disposed above the driving pulley 75, and a driving belt 77 is sleeved on the peripheries of the driving pulley 75 and the driven pulley 76. The drive shaft 74, the drive pulley 75 and the driven pulley 76 are all disposed outside the crushing mill chamber 12. The driven pulley 76 has a main grinding shaft 72 penetrating the grinding chamber 12, a plurality of main grinding rollers 78 are provided on the outer periphery of the main grinding shaft 72 in the grinding chamber 12 at equal intervals, a sub-grinding shaft 73 is provided on one side of the main grinding shaft 72, and a plurality of sub-grinding rollers 79 engaged with the main grinding rollers 78 are provided on the outer periphery of the sub-grinding shaft 73 at equal intervals. A screen 29 is provided below the pulverizing and grinding mechanism 70, and the mesh size of the screen 29 is 40 to 70 mesh.
After the cooling and demagnetizing casting material falls into the crushing and grinding cavity 12, the third motor 71 drives the driving pulley 75 to rotate through the driving shaft 74, the driving pulley 75 drives the driving belt 77 and the driven pulley 76 to rotate, the driven pulley 76 drives the main grinding shaft 72 and the main grinding roller 78 to rotate, the main grinding roller 78 drives the auxiliary grinding roller 79 meshed with the main grinding roller to rotate, the auxiliary grinding roller 79 drives the auxiliary grinding shaft 73 to rotate, and the cooling and demagnetizing casting material is crushed by grinding and screened to obtain the demagnetizing and refining casting material in the rotating process of the main grinding roller 78 and the auxiliary grinding roller 79. The belt transmission is matched with the grinding and crushing of the grinding roller, the noise is low, the transmission is stable, and the demagnetizing refined casting material with uniform particle size is obtained through uniform crushing.
The dust removal pipe 14 is connected with an air inlet end 21 of the waste heat recovery box 20 through a first centrifugal pump 17, a bent heat exchange fin plate 22 is arranged in the waste heat recovery box 20, an air outlet end 23 of the waste heat recovery box 20 is communicated with a jacket layer 31 of the roasting chamber 30 through an air outlet pipe 24, and a vacuum pump 25 is arranged on the air outlet pipe 24. The inner cavity of the dust removing pipe 14 is detachably connected with a primary filter screen, a medium-efficiency filter screen and a high-efficiency filter screen from the end far away from the first centrifugal pump 17 to the end close to the first centrifugal pump 17.
Under the negative pressure centrifugal effect generated by the first centrifugal pump 17, a great amount of high-temperature flue gas generated by heat exchange and cooling of the high-temperature casting material is filtered sequentially through three layers of a primary filter screen, a medium-efficiency filter screen and a high-efficiency filter screen, and then particle dust and various suspended matters below 0.5um are removed to obtain purified flue gas, and after heat of the purified flue gas exchanges heat with the heat exchange fin plates 22, heat stored by the heat exchange fin plates 22 can continuously enter the jacket layer 31 of the roasting chamber 30 along the air outlet pipe 24 under the negative pressure effect of the vacuum pump 25, so that initial roasting temperature is provided for the roasting chamber 30, emission of polluted flue gas is reduced, reuse of heat in the high-temperature flue gas is promoted, and energy consumption of roasting and heating is saved.
The bottom of the crushing and grinding cavity 12 is communicated with the inner cavity of the roasting chamber 30 through a feeding pipe 18, and a feeding pump 19 is arranged on the feeding pipe 18. The top of roasting chamber 30 is equipped with fourth motor 32, and fourth motor 32 is connected with the second (mixing) shaft 33 that stretches into roasting chamber 30 inner chamber, and the radial of second (mixing) shaft 33 is equipped with a plurality of stirring vane 34, and the inner chamber of roasting chamber 30 stretches into has quartz heating rod 35. The bottom of the roasting chamber 30 is communicated with the top of the auxiliary material mixing chamber 40 through a powder feeding pipe 36, and a second centrifugal pump 37 is arranged on the powder feeding pipe 36. The top of auxiliary material mixing chamber 40 is equipped with fifth motor 41, and fifth motor 41 is connected with the third (mixing) shaft 42 that stretches into auxiliary material mixing chamber 40 inner chamber, and the periphery of third (mixing) shaft 42 is equipped with stirring frame 43, and the top of auxiliary material mixing chamber 40 is equipped with hopper 44.
After the demagnetizing and refining casting materials are sent into the inner cavity of the roasting chamber 30 through the material sending pipe 18 by the material sending pump 19, the fourth motor 32 drives the second stirring shaft 33 and the stirring blades 34 to rotate, so that the dispersion of the demagnetizing and refining casting materials is promoted, and the inner cavity of the roasting chamber 30 is heated to the roasting temperature by the quartz heating rod 35, so that the roasting casting materials are obtained. Under the centrifugal negative pressure of the second centrifugal pump 37, the roasted casting material enters the inner cavity of the auxiliary material mixing chamber 40 through the powder feeding pipe 36, after the binder and the auxiliary materials are added into the charging hopper 44, the fifth motor 41 drives the third stirring shaft 42 and the stirring frame 43 to rotate, so that the roasted casting material is fully mixed with the binder and the auxiliary materials, and the regenerated casting material is obtained.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1-9, the embodiment provides a process for recycling a low-emission environment-friendly casting material, which comprises the following steps:
dispersing, cooling and demagnetizing: introducing the waste casting materials into a low-emission environment-friendly casting material recycling system, stirring and dispersing, and spraying and cooling with normal-temperature water to generate a large amount of high-temperature smoke. Wherein the discarded casting materials are selected from discarded lost foam hot molding sand, and the temperature is 200-300 ℃. The specific process is as follows: the waste casting materials are added from the feed inlet 13 and fall into the cooling and demagnetizing cavity 11, the first motor 51 drives the first stirring shaft 52, the dispersing frame 53 and the spray box 54 to rotate, the dispersing frame 53 stirs and disperses the high-temperature casting materials, normal-temperature water in the spray box 54 is sprayed out through the spray pipe 55 and the spray header 56, and a large amount of high-temperature smoke is generated by rapid heat exchange and cooling with the high-temperature casting materials and flows upwards into the dust removal pipe 14. The second motor 61 drives the magnetic removing shaft 62 and the magnetic removing rod 63 to rotate, the cooled casting material is stirred and dispersed, the magnetic impurities contained in the casting material are adsorbed and removed by the magnetic removing rod 63, and the cooled and demagnetized casting material is discharged into the crushing and grinding cavity 12 through the discharge port 15.
Magnetic impurity collection: high-pressure gas is introduced into the air inlet cavity 65 along the air inlet pipe 64, the formed air flow is blown into the inner cavity of the mounting head 66 through the air inlet 69, the movable joint 67 continuously rotates due to the high-pressure gas flow, the movable joint 67 drives the mounting column 68 and the connecting rod 681 to rotate, the brush 682 cleans and removes magnetic impurities adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic removal rod 63, and the negative pressure port 16 is communicated with the vacuum pump, so that the magnetic impurities are adsorbed and collected by negative pressure.
Crushing and grinding: and (3) crushing, grinding and sieving the cooled and demagnetized casting material to obtain the demagnetized refined casting material. The specific process is as follows: the third motor 71 drives the driving pulley 75 to rotate through the driving shaft 74, the driving pulley 75 drives the driving belt 77 and the driven pulley 76 to rotate, the driven pulley 76 drives the main grinding shaft 72 and the main grinding roller 78 to rotate, the main grinding roller 78 drives the auxiliary grinding roller 79 meshed with the main grinding roller 78 to rotate, the auxiliary grinding roller 79 drives the auxiliary grinding shaft 73 to rotate, and in the process of rotating the main grinding roller 78 and the auxiliary grinding roller 79, the cooling and demagnetizing casting materials are ground and crushed, and the screen 29 is screened to obtain the demagnetizing and refining casting materials.
Dust removal and purification: under the negative pressure centrifugal effect generated by the first centrifugal pump 17, the high-temperature flue gas sequentially passes through three layers of filter of a primary filter screen, a medium-efficiency filter screen and a high-efficiency filter screen, and then particles dust and various suspended matters below 0.5um are removed to obtain purified flue gas;
waste heat recovery: after heat of the purified flue gas exchanges heat with the heat exchange fin plates 22, the heat stored by the heat exchange fin plates 22 continuously enters the jacket layer 31 of the roasting chamber 30 along the air outlet pipe 24 under the negative pressure effect of the vacuum pump 25 to provide waste heat for the roasting chamber 30;
high-temperature roasting: the demagnetizing refinement casting material is roasted for 1 to 2 hours at a high temperature of 600 to 700 ℃ to obtain a roasted casting material. The specific process is as follows: after the demagnetizing and refining casting materials are sent into the inner cavity of the roasting chamber 30 through the material conveying pipe 18 by the material conveying pump 19, the fourth motor 32 drives the second stirring shaft 33 and the stirring blades 34 to rotate, the dispersing of the demagnetizing and refining casting materials is promoted, the inner cavity of the roasting chamber 30 is heated to 600-700 ℃ by the quartz heating rod 35, and the roasting casting materials are obtained after heat preservation and heating for 1-2 hours.
Mixing auxiliary materials: and adding the binder and the auxiliary materials into the roasted casting material, and uniformly mixing to obtain the regenerated casting material. Wherein the binder is selected from water glass, and the dosage is 3-6% of the weight of the roasted casting material; the auxiliary materials are selected from bentonite and coal dust, the dosage of the bentonite is 0.8-1.5% of the weight of the roasted casting material, and the dosage of the coal dust is 0.2-0.4% of the weight of the roasted casting material.
The process for recycling the low-emission environment-friendly casting material comprises the steps of dispersing, cooling, demagnetizing, collecting magnetic impurities, crushing, grinding, dedusting, purifying, recovering waste heat, roasting at high temperature and mixing auxiliary materials. Wherein, after the three-layer filtration of a large amount of high temperature flue gas that produce in the dispersion cooling process through just effective filter screen, well effect filter screen and high-efficient filter screen, get the purification flue gas by removing granule dust and various suspended matters below 0.5um, reduced the emission of polluting the flue gas, promoted the heat reuse in the high temperature flue gas, practiced thrift the energy consumption of calcination heating, the recovery recycle of magnetic impurity is convenient for be collected in the clearance of magnetic impurity, this cyclic utilization technology is realizing the low energy consumption cyclic recycle of casting mould material under the low emission of realization, environmental protection's requirement.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the structures of this invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions for those skilled in the art can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention or from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. The process for recycling the low-emission environment-friendly casting mold material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
dispersing, cooling and demagnetizing: the discarded casting materials are selected from discarded lost foam hot molding sand, and the temperature is 200-300 ℃; introducing the waste casting materials into a low-emission environment-friendly casting material recycling system, stirring and dispersing, and spraying and cooling with normal-temperature water to generate a large amount of high-temperature smoke; the low-emission environment-friendly casting material recycling system comprises a cooling, crushing and demagnetizing box (10), a waste heat recovery box (20), a roasting chamber (30) and an auxiliary material mixing chamber (40); the inner cavity of the cooling, crushing and demagnetizing box (10) is sequentially provided with a cooling and demagnetizing cavity (11) and a crushing and grinding cavity (12) from top to bottom, one side wall part of the cooling and demagnetizing cavity (11) is provided with a feed inlet (13), the other side wall part is provided with a dust removing pipe (14), and the cooling and demagnetizing cavity (11) is provided with a stirring and spraying mechanism (50) and a demagnetizing and cleaning mechanism (60);
magnetic impurity collection: high-pressure gas is introduced into the air inlet cavity (65) along the air inlet pipe (64), the formed air flow is blown into the inner cavity of the mounting head (66) through the air inlet (69), the movable joint (67) continuously rotates due to the high-pressure air flow, the movable joint (67) drives the mounting column (68) and the connecting rod (681) to rotate, the brush (682) cleans and removes magnetic impurities adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic removing rod (63), and the negative pressure port (16) is communicated with the vacuum pump, and then the magnetic impurities are adsorbed and collected by negative pressure; the magnetic removal cleaning mechanism (60) comprises a second motor (61), a magnetic removal shaft (62) and magnetic removal rods (63), wherein the second motor (61) is arranged on the outer wall of the cooling magnetic removal cavity (11) positioned below the stirring spraying mechanism (50), the second motor (61) is connected with the magnetic removal shaft (62) horizontally penetrating through the cooling magnetic removal cavity (11), and a plurality of magnetic removal rods (63) are fixed on the path of the magnetic removal shaft (62) at equal intervals through a shaft sleeve (80); an air inlet pipe (64) is arranged at one end, far away from the second motor (61), of the magnetic removal shaft (62), and an air inlet cavity (65) communicated with the air inlet pipe (64) is arranged at the center of the magnetic removal shaft (62); a cleaning mechanism is arranged between the adjacent magnetic removal rods (63), the cleaning mechanism comprises a mounting head (66), a movable joint (67) and a mounting column (68), the mounting head (66) is arranged on the outer wall of the magnetic removal shaft (62) and is communicated with the air inlet cavity (65) through an air inlet (69), the movable joint (67) is rotatably connected to the mounting head (66) and can rotate relative to the mounting head (66), the mounting column (68) is vertically arranged on the movable joint (67), a plurality of connecting rods (681) facing the magnetic removal rods (63) are arranged on two sides of the length direction of the mounting column (68), and hair brushes (682) in contact with the surfaces of the magnetic removal rods (63) are arranged at the tail ends of the connecting rods (681); the bottom of the cooling and demagnetizing cavity (11) is provided with a discharge port (15), and the bottom of the side wall of the cooling and demagnetizing cavity (11) is provided with a negative pressure port (16);
crushing and grinding: the casting material after temperature reduction and demagnetization is crushed, milled and sieved to obtain a demagnetized and refined casting material;
dust removal and purification: under the negative pressure centrifugal effect generated by the first centrifugal pump (17), the high-temperature flue gas sequentially passes through three layers of filter screens of the primary filter screen, the medium-efficiency filter screen and the high-efficiency filter screen, and then particles dust and various suspended matters below 0.5um are removed to obtain purified flue gas;
waste heat recovery: after heat of the purified flue gas exchanges heat with the heat exchange fin plates (22), the heat stored by the heat exchange fin plates (22) continuously enters a jacket layer (31) of the roasting chamber (30) along an air outlet pipe (24) under the negative pressure of a vacuum pump (25) to provide waste heat for the roasting chamber (30);
high-temperature roasting: roasting the demagnetized and refined casting material at a high temperature of 600-700 ℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain a roasted casting material;
mixing auxiliary materials: and adding the binder and the auxiliary materials into the roasted casting material, and uniformly mixing to obtain the regenerated casting material.
2. The process for recycling the low-emission environment-friendly casting material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the specific process of dispersing, cooling and demagnetizing is as follows: waste casting materials are added from a feed inlet (13) and fall into a cooling and demagnetizing cavity (11), a first motor (51) drives a first stirring shaft (52), a dispersing frame (53) and a spray box (54) to rotate, the dispersing frame (53) stirs and disperses the high-temperature casting materials, normal-temperature water in the spray box (54) is sprayed out through a spray pipe (55) and a spray header (56), and rapidly exchanges heat with the high-temperature casting materials to cool to generate a large amount of high-temperature smoke, and the high-temperature smoke flows upwards into a dust removing pipe (14); the second motor (61) drives the magnetic removing shaft (62) and the magnetic removing rod (63) to rotate, the cooled casting material is stirred and dispersed, the magnetic impurities contained in the casting material are adsorbed and removed by the magnetic removing rod (63), and the cooled casting material is discharged into the crushing and grinding cavity (12) through the discharge port (15); stirring sprays mechanism (50) including first motor (51), first (52) and dispersion frame (53), the top in cooling degaussing chamber (11) is located to first motor (51), the motor shaft of first motor (51) stretches into in cooling degaussing chamber (11) and is connected with first (52) stirring axle, the periphery from the top down of first (52) is equipped with spray box (54) and dispersion frame (53) in proper order, hold the warm water in spray box (54), spray header (56) intercommunication of bottom outer fringe of arranging dispersion frame (53) are passed through in the bottom of spray box (54) through a plurality of shower (55).
3. The process for recycling low-emission environment-friendly casting materials according to claim 1, wherein the specific crushing and grinding process is as follows: the third motor (71) drives the driving pulley (75) to rotate through the driving shaft (74), the driving pulley (75) drives the driving belt (77) and the driven pulley (76) to rotate, the driven pulley (76) drives the main grinding shaft (72) and the main grinding roller (78) to rotate, the main grinding roller (78) drives the auxiliary grinding roller (79) meshed with the main grinding shaft to rotate, the auxiliary grinding roller (79) drives the auxiliary grinding shaft (73) to rotate, the main grinding roller (78) and the auxiliary grinding roller (79) grind and crush cooling and demagnetizing casting materials in the rotating process, and the screen mesh (29) is sieved to obtain demagnetizing refined casting materials.
4. The process for recycling the low-emission environment-friendly casting material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the specific process of high-temperature roasting is as follows: after the demagnetizing and refining casting materials are sent into the inner cavity of the roasting chamber (30) through the material conveying pipe (18), the fourth motor (32) drives the second stirring shaft (33) and the stirring blades (34) to rotate, so that the dispersing of the demagnetizing and refining casting materials is promoted, the inner cavity of the roasting chamber (30) is heated to 600-700 ℃ by the quartz heating rod (35), and the roasting casting materials are obtained after heat preservation and heating for 1-2 hours.
5. The process for recycling low-emission environment-friendly casting materials according to claim 1, wherein the binder is selected from water glass, and the dosage is 3% -6% of the weight of the roasted casting materials; the auxiliary materials are selected from bentonite and coal dust, the dosage of the bentonite is 0.8-1.5% of the weight of the roasted casting material, and the dosage of the coal dust is 0.2-0.4% of the weight of the roasted casting material.
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