CN114040809A - 用于萃取原料以生产富含植物化学品的制剂的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明描述了一种用于萃取原料或原料的组合以产生制剂(NEATTM)的方法，所述制剂富含植物化学品，并且其基于或富含油和蛋白质，所述方法包括：‑使原料或原料的组合与为二氧化碳的溶剂接触并且任选地用为GRAS的一种或多种共溶剂辅助(通常被认为是安全的)，所述共溶剂诸如但不限于水、乙醇、碳酸二甲酯；‑在250‑800巴的压力范围内并且在15‑45℃的温度范围内，在二氧化碳中，在亚临界条件到超临界条件的范围内于高压条件下执行萃取，以提供制剂，所述制剂富含植物化学品，例如脂质、酚类、萜类化合物、生物碱以及蛋白质，其中对在该用于萃取的方法中获得的残余物在高于72巴的压力和31℃下在超临界条件下于二氧化碳中进行萃取，并且其中加压热水用作共溶剂或在用二氧化碳萃取之后使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于萃取原料以生产富含植物化学品的不同制剂(NEATTM(自然环境适应性技术(Natural Environmentally Adapted Technology))的方法。
背景技术
存在用于萃取原料和原油以生产精制油的若干已知方法。本发明涉及此类方法。
为了提供现有技术中的一些已知方法，可提及以下方法。例如，在CN103484238A中公开了一种通过使用超临界二氧化碳来萃取油莎豆油的方法。在20-35MPa的压力和40-45℃的温度下，在超临界二氧化碳中萃取经粉碎的油莎豆粉末，并且其中分离压力为8-10MPa并且温度为45-50℃。
还存在其他示例，其中在亚临界或超临界二氧化碳中萃取植物油材料。此类方法的示例公开于CN102138960A、CN101831351A和CN103450135A中。
本发明涉及一种对某些水果、蔬菜和谷类或它们的组合的改善的萃取方法，以生产植物化学品制剂，所述植物化学品制剂基于或富含油和可能的植物蛋白质。
发明内容
上述目的通过用于萃取原料或原料组合以产生制剂的方法来实现，所述制剂富含植物化学品，并且优选地植物蛋白质和游离氨基酸，其基于或富含油，所述方法包括：
-使原料或原料的组合与为二氧化碳的溶剂接触并且任选地用为GRAS的一种或多种共溶剂辅助(通常被认为是安全的)，所述共溶剂诸如但不限于水、乙醇、碳酸二甲酯；
-在250-800巴的压力范围内并且在15-45℃的温度范围内，在二氧化碳中，在亚临界条件到超临界条件的范围内于高压条件下执行萃取，以提供萃取物，所述萃取物富含植物化学品，例如脂质、酚类、萜类化合物和生物碱，
其中对在该用于萃取的方法中获得的残余物在高于72巴的压力和31℃下在超临界条件下于二氧化碳中进行萃取，
并且其中加压热水用作共溶剂或在用二氧化碳萃取之后使用。
根据本发明的方法具有若干优点。首先，在上文提供的条件下，可使富含/基于油的植物化学品的萃取最大化。其次，没有涉及危险化学品，并且仅涉及环境友好且安全的化学品(GRAS_通常被认为是安全的)，诸如水、乙醇、碳酸二甲酯和二氧化碳，或任何GRAS溶剂。根据本发明的方法的这个步骤和通用步骤意味着该方法可被认为是清洁且绿色的技术。
此外，获得的最终产物是基于100％的天然原料。这种最终产物是超纯的并且不含化学品。此外，最终产物的质量非常高。此外，当与当今使用的已知方法相比时，根据本发明的方法减少了浪费并降低了成本。最终产物具有积极的健康功能特性。
下文提供了关于某些已公布文件的一些信息。
首先，在JP2016011400A中，公开了一种用于产生含甘油糖脂的组合物的方法，其中超临界二氧化碳和极性溶剂可以一起用作萃取溶剂。如所描述的含甘油糖脂的组合物具有较少含量的还原糖，以用于生产软胶囊制剂。然而，本发明涉及富含植物化学品的制剂的生产。就这一点而言，存在清晰且重要的差异。此外，根据本发明的方法还涉及以下步骤，诸如还包括在高于72巴的压力和31℃下在超临界条件下于二氧化碳中后续萃取残余物。此外，根据本发明，将加压热水或其他GRAS溶剂(优选地加压热水)用作共溶剂或在用二氧化碳萃取之后使用。
其次，在Determination of Optimum Conditions for Supercritical F luidExtraction of Carotenoids from Carrot(Daucus carota L.)Tissue,J.Agri.FoodChem.1995,43,2876-2878(Barth等人)中，公开了抗氧化维生素胡萝卜素的萃取。研究的超临界萃取部分基于样品的冷冻干燥。当比较本研究中使用的方法与根据本发明的方法时，存在若干关键差异。此类非限制性差异的示例是所使用的起始原料、所采用的方法和该方法中涉及的步骤，以及当然也是最终结果。
此外，在例如，Development of Pressurized Extraction Processes for OilRecovery from Wild Almond(Amygdalus scoparia)(Balvardi等人)和High-powerultrasonic system for the enhancement of mass transfer in supercritical CO2extraction processes(Riera等人)中，还公开了从杏仁萃取油，但不涉及植物化学品。在这些情况下，当与根据本发明的方法进行比较时，与上述相同的关键差异是有效的。
具体实施方式
下文公开并进一步讨论了本发明的一些具体实施方案。
根据本发明的一个具体实施方案，在萃取中使用一种或多种绿色共溶剂。此外，根据本发明的又一实施方案，一种或多种绿色共溶剂是水、乙醇、碳酸二甲酯或它们的组合。
另外，并如上所述，根据本发明，对在该用于萃取的方法中获得的残余物在高于72巴的压力和31℃下在超临界条件下于二氧化碳中进行萃取。应注意，还可将新的起始材料与该附加步骤的残余物组合。
共溶剂可用于根据本发明的方法中。这意味着此类一种或多种共溶剂可与二氧化碳一起使用。在一些应用中，这可能是优选的。根据本发明，加压热水或其他GRAS溶剂用作共溶剂或在用二氧化碳萃取之后使用。可执行在用超临界二氧化碳萃取之后使用加压热水或乙醇，以获得不同级分的更好分离/分馏可能性。例如，这对于萃取亲水性分子可能是有利的。
此外，根据本发明的又一具体实施方案，萃取在超声处理和/或超声辅助萃取下进行。
此外，根据本发明的方法适当地还包括分离步骤。根据本发明的一个具体实施方案，该方法包括分离步骤，所述分离步骤是膜分离步骤。膜过滤适当地用作在线分离技术。
此外，还可在根据本发明的方法中使用极性控制。因此，根据本发明的一个具体实施方案，该方法涉及极性控制。一些脂质化合物是略微极性的，诸如磷脂和糖脂，并且使用近超临界二氧化碳本身来萃取它们可能是一个挑战。因此，并且如所提及的，根据本发明的方法可涉及添加共溶剂，如乙醇或另一种类型的绿色溶剂。这对于匹配极性可能是重要的。使用的萃取系统适当地配备有用于共溶剂添加的泵。可能重要的是通过增加压力来尝试添加最少量的溶剂，因为温度和压力的组合可增强超临界二氧化碳中的极性和溶解度。可通过使用旋转蒸发器、热水浴或使用氮气流从基于油的制剂中去除共溶剂。
另外，起始材料也与根据本发明的方法相关。根据本发明的一个具体实施方案，原料或原料的组合选自乳香、猴面包树、辣木、燕麦、蓝莓、兴安悬钩子、覆盆子、葡萄藤、胡萝卜、西红柿、万寿菊、羽衣甘蓝、橄榄和橄榄叶中的任一种或它们中的任一种的组合。
下文，提供了根据本发明可用的不同原料的列表。
1.乳香：科：橄榄科，学名：乳香(Boswellia sacra)
2.猴面包树：学名：猴面包树(Adansonia)，科：锦葵科
3.辣木：科：辣木科，学名：辣木(Moringa oleifera)
4.燕麦：科：禾本科，学名：燕麦(Avena sativa’)
5.蓝莓：科：杜鹃花科，名称：黑果越桔组青液果亚属(Vacciniumsect.Cyanococcus)
6.兴安悬钩子，科：蔷薇科；名称：云莓(cloudberry)、北欧浆果(nordic berry)
7.覆盆子，科：蔷薇科，名称：悬钩子(Rubus idaeus)
8.葡萄藤，科：葡萄科，名称：葡萄(Vitis vinifera)，
9.胡萝卜(野胡萝卜)；科：伞形科；名称：胡萝卜(D.c.subsp.Sativus)
10.西红柿；科：茄科；名称：番茄(S.lycopersicum)
11.羽衣甘蓝；科：甘蓝科，名称：羽衣甘蓝(Kale or leaf cabbage)
12.橄榄和橄榄叶，科：木犀科，名称：橄榄(Olea europaea)
13.万寿菊；科：菊科，名称：万寿菊(Tagetes)
14.荞麦，甜荞(Fagopyrum esculentum)，科：蓼科
15.苋属，统称为苋属植物，科：苋科
16.藜麦，昆诺阿藜(Chenopodium quinoa)，科：苋科
根据本发明的一个具体实施方案，该方法生产基于油的制剂，所述基于油的制剂包含植物化学品和/或植物甾醇。此外，根据本发明的又一具体实施方案，该方法生产基于油的制剂，所述基于油的制剂包含以下组分中的至少任三种：
-一种或多种甘油脂、磷脂、糖脂或萜类化合物或它们的组合；
-ω3、6或9、或它们的组合；
-一种或多种抗氧化剂，例如叶黄素、橄榄苦苷或一系列类胡萝卜素；
-至少一种植物蛋白，例如，赖氨酸、色氨酸、苏氨酸、天冬氨酸，和其他可能的必需氨基酸和含硫氨基酸，以及游离氨基酸；
-维生素A、E和/或维生素D；以及
-一种或多种酚类化合物。
可通过根据本发明的方法获得的最终产物还具有宽泛的有益健康的化合物范围，诸如植物甾醇，ω3、6和9，抗氧化剂，维生素A、E和D和必需脂肪酸，抗氧化剂，维生素、矿物质，包括番茄红素在内的胡萝卜素，其他类胡萝卜素；除了植物甾醇以及在皮肤的健康和光泽方面起重要作用的其他重要营养物之外。根据本发明的最终产物中的一者具有优异的皮肤渗透性并且不油腻。此外，它可深度滋养、修复干燥皮肤、改善皮肤弹性并降低粗糙度。此外，应注意，根据本发明的最终产物中还适当地涉及抗炎性和/或抗微生物活性化合物。应注意，本发明还可涉及将其他物质添加到最终产物/制剂中。这可例如旨在使制剂富集有基于植物的蛋白质和膳食纤维。一些示例是荞麦，甜荞(Fagopyrum e sculentum)，科：蓼科；苋属，统称为苋属植物，科：苋科；藜麦，昆诺阿藜(Chenopodium quinoa)，科：苋科。
应当注意，根据本发明的最终产物可以不同方式使用并用于不同的应用中。如应当从上文理解的，合适的领域是皮肤护理产品和美容产品，但也可以为食品应用、功能性食品、保健品和药物应用。
应当注意，根据本发明的最终产物可用于其他健康促进功能，例如用于眼睛健康的叶黄素和用于神经退行性疾病的橄榄苦苷。
下面关于实施例进一步讨论了原料组分的一些感兴趣的另选的替代方案。
附图和实施例的详细描述
萃取按照根据本发明的方法进行。实验室规模的超临界流体萃取系统(IscoTM)在300-800巴的压力范围、35-45℃的温度范围和15-30分钟的时间内使用。
在图1中，示出了根据本发明获得的萃取油的色谱图。以下内容在此处有效：1)在其说明样品_油_O的情况下，色谱图示出来自燕麦的内容物。2)在其说明样品_油_M的情况下，色谱图示出来自辣木的内容物。3)在其说明样品_油_L的情况下，色谱图示出来自乳香的内容物。4)在说明样品_油_B的情况下，色谱图示出来自猴面包树的内容物。5)在其说明样品_油_全部的情况下，色谱图示出来自辣木、燕麦、乳香和猴面包树的原料组合的内容物。这是这些原料同时混合和萃取的情况。
如从图1可以看出，对于根据本方法提萃取的油，辣木具有较高量的DAG和类固醇酯。所得混合物具有宽泛的化合物范围，包括甘油脂、磷脂和糖脂以及萜类化合物。通过将辣木和猴面包树混合，获得具有乳香酸、甘油二酯、甘油三酯、磷脂和类固醇酯的独特组合的均匀的基于油的制剂。
关于待在执行根据本发明的方法时使用的这些合适的原料，可以提及以下物质。辣根(M)油富含宽泛的TAG(甘油三酯)和磷脂范围，并且还包含DAG(甘油二酯)和类固醇酯。猴面包树油富含宽泛的TAG(甘油三酯)和磷脂范围。乳香富含宽泛的乳香酸范围。这意味着来自燕麦、辣木、猴面包树和乳香的所得混合物具有宽泛的功能性化合物的范围，所述功能性化合物包括糖脂、磷脂和糖脂和萜类化合物。
在图2中，示出了由与根据图1类似的测试获得的色谱图，但在这种情况下，将辣木与猴面包树混合。通过将辣木与猴面包树混合，获得具有甘油二酯、甘油三酯、磷脂和类固醇酯的独特组合的均匀的基于油的制剂。
关于待使用的合适原料，上文提及了一些但另一些未提及，还可提及以下物质。关于橄榄，橄榄含有基于橄榄中的干燥物质计浓度至多140mg/g，以及60-90mg/g叶中干燥物质的橄榄苦苷，所述橄榄苦苷是橄榄栽培品种中的一种酚类化合物，并且可达到。这可能是关于本发明所感兴趣的。此外，根据本发明也可使用的羽衣甘蓝包含20mg/100g原料的叶黄素和玉米黄质。此外，乳香富有约30％的油含量，其主要富含乳香酸，并且表现出一系列微生物活性。此外，覆盆子的油含量为大约15-20％，其主要富含约6-9种游离脂肪酸(FFA)，例如亚油酸；生育酚；植物甾醇；角鲨烯；不饱和油和酚类。此外，在执行根据本发明的方法时感兴趣的是用于合适的应用。此外，根据本发明还感兴趣的是猴面包树籽油的含量为大约20％，其主要富含棕榈酸、油酸。还报告了具有高含量的必需脂肪酸，例如维生素A、D、E和F。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于萃取原料或原料的组合以生产制剂的方法，所述制剂富含植物化学品，并且优选地植物蛋白质，并且基于或富含油，所述方法包括：
-使所述原料或原料的组合与为二氧化碳的溶剂接触并且任选地用为GRAS的一种或多种共溶剂辅助(通常被认为是安全的)，所述共溶剂诸如但不限于水、乙醇、碳酸二甲酯；
-在250-800巴的压力范围内并且在15-45℃的温度范围内，在二氧化碳中，在亚临界条件到超临界条件的范围内于高压条件下执行萃取，以提供制剂，所述制剂富含植物化学品，例如脂质、酚类、萜类化合物和生物碱，
其中对在所述用于萃取的方法中获得的残余物在高于72巴的压力和31℃下在超临界条件下于二氧化碳中进行萃取，
并且其中加压热水用作共溶剂或在用二氧化碳萃取之后使用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中在所述萃取中使用一种或多种绿色共溶剂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中所述一种或多种绿色共溶剂为水、乙醇、碳酸二甲酯或它们的组合。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其中所述萃取在超声处理和/或超声辅助萃取下进行。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中所述方法包括分离步骤，所述分离步骤是膜分离步骤。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中所述方法包括极性控制。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中所述原料或原材料的组合选自乳香、猴面包树、辣木、燕麦、蓝莓、兴安悬钩子、覆盆子、葡萄藤、胡萝卜、西红柿、万寿菊、羽衣甘蓝、橄榄和橄榄叶中的任一种或它们中的任一种的组合。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中所述方法生产基于油的制剂，所述基于油的制剂包含植物化学品和/或植物甾醇。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中所述方法生产基于油的制剂萃取物，所述基于油的制剂萃取物包含以下组分中的至少任三种：
-一种或多种甘油脂、磷脂、糖脂或萜类化合物或它们的组合；
-ω3、6或9、或它们的组合；
-一种或多种抗氧化剂；
-维生素A、E和/或维生素D；
-至少一种植物蛋白质和游离氨基酸；以及
-一种或多种酚类化合物。
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| PCT/SE2020/050626 WO2020256625A1 (en) | 2019-06-20 | 2020-06-16 | Method for extraction of a raw material to produce a formulation rich in phytochemicals |
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