CN114039705A - Method for transmitting low-speed voice data by using E1 line - Google Patents
Method for transmitting low-speed voice data by using E1 line Download PDFInfo
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- CN114039705A CN114039705A CN202210019054.7A CN202210019054A CN114039705A CN 114039705 A CN114039705 A CN 114039705A CN 202210019054 A CN202210019054 A CN 202210019054A CN 114039705 A CN114039705 A CN 114039705A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0061—Error detection codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
- H04L1/0083—Formatting with frames or packets; Protocol or part of protocol for error control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L2212/00—Encapsulation of packets
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for transparently transmitting low-speed voice data by using an E1 line, belonging to the technical field of communication. According to the method, the low-speed voice data is transmitted through the high-speed channel on the E1 line through the splitting and merging operation of the low-speed voice data, the problem that the content of the voice data changes due to sound code conversion during network crossing is solved, and the requirement that the content of special voice data is not distorted during network crossing is met. The invention can be applied to the scene that the satellite mobile communication system or the ground mobile communication system transmits special voice data on the ground backbone network E1 line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for transparently transmitting low-speed voice data by using an E1 line, belonging to the technical field of communication.
Background
In the field of communication technology, the channel capacity varies, leading to a wide variety of speech rate designs, ranging from 0.6Kbps at low speed to 64Kbps at high speed. Voice intercommunication is needed among different networks, 64K voice is transmitted by using an E1 line in a traditional communication network backbone network, and various voices with different rates need to be converted into information in a standard E1 format for transmission through sound code conversion. In the sound code conversion process, the low-speed voice data is split into high-speed voice data, the high-speed voice data is transmitted through E1 and then is combined into the low-speed voice data, and the voice data is distorted in the process, but the sound wave demodulation of the voice data is hardly influenced. However, if the source of the speech data is specially processed data, which needs to be kept unchanged during transmission, the above-mentioned general vocoding and E1 transmission are no longer applicable.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for transparently transmitting low-speed voice data over an E1 line, which can meet the requirement of transparent transmission of low-speed voice data over an E1 line, and thus is used in a special voice data cross-network transparent transmission scenario.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for transmitting low-speed voice data by using E1 line includes a work flow of a sender and a work flow of a receiver;
the sender workflow comprises the following steps:
(101) a sender receives external original voice data;
(102) constructing corresponding split data for original low-speed voice data input externally and four kinds of original data including unique word identification data, E1 link identification data and CRC check data respectively, wherein the specific mode is as follows:
the original data is N bytes, the corresponding split data is 2N bytes, the ith byte in the original data corresponds to the 2i-1 th byte and the 2i th byte of the split data, the corresponding relation is that the lower 4 bits of the 2i-1 th byte of the split data are the upper 4 bits of the ith byte in the original data, and the lower 4 bits of the 2i th byte of the split data are the lower 4 bits of the ith byte in the original data;
(103) connecting the unique word identifier split data, the E1 link identifier split data, the low-speed voice split data and the CRC check split data in sequence, repeating the connected data once, and connecting the two data in sequence to obtain repeated connection data;
(104) respectively filling all 0 data before and after the repeated connection data by taking the middle position of the repeated connection data as a center, and forming a frame of data after filling, wherein the length of the frame of data is 160 bytes, 320 bytes or 480 bytes, and the corresponding transmission time is 20ms, 40ms or 60 ms;
(105) sending the frame data obtained in the step (104) to an E1 line by taking the corresponding transmission time as a fixed interval;
completing the work flow of the sender;
the receiver workflow comprises the following steps:
(201) receiving data on an E1 line according to a fixed interval of sending frame data by a sender;
(202) combining the lower 4 bits of the two bytes into one byte according to the reverse way of the step (102) for the received E1 data to form a combined data code stream;
(203) searching unique words from the combined data code stream, and determining the positions of E1 link identification data, low-speed voice data and CRC (cyclic redundancy check) data;
(204) e1 link identification data, low-speed voice data and CRC (cyclic redundancy check) data are extracted from the combined code stream, and the integrity of the low-speed voice data is verified through the CRC data;
(205) after the verification is passed, sending the low-speed voice data to a target application program;
completing the receiver workflow.
Further, the transmission rate of the E1 line is 64Kbps, and the rate of the original low-speed voice data is not higher than 16 Kbps.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method for transparently transmitting the low-speed voice data by using the E1 line can well meet the scene requirement of cross-network transparent transmission of special voice data.
2. The invention provides a method for packaging low-speed voice data by using a high-speed E1 frame format on the basis of the traditional E1 circuit, has flexible packaging structure and automatically matches various packaging requirements with different speeds.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of transparent transmission in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a transparent transmission frame structure in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a splitting and merging method of transparent transmission data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the operation of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A method for transmitting low-speed voice data by E1 line includes utilizing characteristics of E1 line gateway node in processing code conversion to split low-speed voice into multiple voice data blocks, filling the voice data blocks in E1 line in certain order at positions before and after code conversion, extracting said voice data blocks at receiving end, merging and restoring to low-speed voice.
The transparent transmission method comprises a sender workflow and a receiver workflow, wherein the sender workflow comprises the following specific steps:
(1) a sender entity receives external original voice data;
(2) splitting each byte of external original voice data according to high 4 bits and low 4 bits, placing the split high 4 bits into the low 4 bits of one byte, placing the split low 4 bits into the low 4 bits of another byte, and connecting the two bytes in front and back. The result of the operation according to the splitting method is that the low-speed voice data of N bytes is changed into split data of 2N bytes;
(3) splitting the unique word identification data, the E1 link identification data and the CRC data according to the splitting method in the step (2);
(4) arranging according to the sequence of the unique word identifier split data, the E1 link identifier split data, the original voice split data and the CRC check split data, and then repeating the arranged data once, wherein the two data are connected in front of and behind;
(5) filling all 0 data before and after the middle position of the arrangement data which is repeated twice as a center, and forming a frame of data after filling, wherein the length of each frame of data is 160 bytes/20 ms, or 320 bytes/40 ms, or 480 bytes/60 ms;
(6) sending each frame of data to an E1 line according to a fixed interval (20 ms or 40ms or 60 ms), and if no data is sent, sending custom filling data;
(7) and (4) after the transmission is finished, the step (1) of the flow of the transmitting party is carried out.
The receiver workflow comprises the following specific steps:
(1) receiving data on an E1 line according to the time interval of sending data by a sender, and receiving 160 bytes in 20ms, 320 bytes in 40ms, or 480 bytes in 60 ms;
(2) the received E1 data is operated according to the method of combining the low 4 bits of every two bytes into a byte, the low 4 bits of the first byte in every two bytes are placed at the high 4 bit position of the combined byte, the low 4 bits of the second byte are placed at the low 4 bit position of the combined byte, and a combined data code stream is formed after the combination operation is finished;
(3) searching a unique word from the combined data code stream, wherein the unique word is required to be consistent with the unique word filled by the sender, and determining the positions of E1 link identification data, low-speed voice data and CRC (cyclic redundancy check) data by searching the unique word;
(4) e1 link identification data, low-speed voice data and CRC (cyclic redundancy check) data are extracted from the combined code stream, and the integrity of the received low-speed voice data is verified through the CRC data;
(5) sending the low-speed voice data to a target application program, and if the unique word is not searched or the CRC check is not passed, sending fixed filling content;
(6) and (4) after the transmission is finished, the step (1) of the receiving side process is carried out.
In the above method, the physical medium form of the transmission line is not limited, and may be a coaxial cable, a twisted pair, or an optical fiber. However, the transmission signal must be in an E1 format, the service rate is 64Kbps, and the rate of the low-speed voice data needing to be transmitted through is not higher than 16 Kbps.
The following is a more specific example:
1. application scenarios
The application scenario is shown in fig. 1, low-speed voice data needs to be transmitted between a network a and a network B, the transmission line between the networks is in an E1 signal format, and the physical medium is not limited and may be a coaxial cable, a twisted pair, or an optical fiber. Both network a and network B have voice processing devices deployed therein, which are responsible for sending and receiving encapsulation and decapsulation of low-speed voice data.
2. E1 line frame format
The format of the encapsulated frame on the E1 line is shown in fig. 2, the frame length and the frame content size completely conform to the signal transmission standard of the E1 line, the frame length is 160 bytes per frame when being 20ms, 320 bytes per frame when being 40ms, 480 bytes per frame when being 60ms, that is, the transmission rate on the E1 line is 64 Kbps. However, the specific format of the frame is redesigned to adapt to the transmission of the low-speed voice data, and the middle point of the frame is taken as a boundary, the first half and the second half are filled with valid contents once, i.e. the header + the low-speed voice data + the check, and the rest are filled with invalid contents, such as all 0, all f or random numbers.
3. Data splitting and merging
The split and merge embodiment of the transparent data on E1 line is described in terms of PCMA coding, and the split and merge method between the low speed voice data and the E1 transmission data is shown in fig. 3. At a sending end, one byte data 0xAB of low-speed voice data is encapsulated on an E1 transmission line to become two bytes 0x0A0B, and the two bytes need to be disassembled; on the receiving side, data 0x0A0B on the E1 transmission line needs to be merged and restored to original low-speed voice data 0 xAB.
The PCMA coded data can be converted into a linear modulation coding PCM format in the transmission process and then converted back into the PCMA coding format, and the special low-speed voice data requires that the integrity of the data is ensured no matter how the coding mode is converted in the whole transmission process. The transcoding rules between PCM and PCMA are as follows:
PCM coding PCMA coding
000000001wxyza 0000wxyz
00000001wxyzab 0001wxyz
0000001wxyzabc 0010wxyz
000001wxyzabcd 0011wxyz
00001wxyzabcde 0100wxyz
0001wxyzabcdef 0101wxyz
001wxyzabcdefg 0110wxyz
01wxyzabcdefgh 0111wxyz
In the above-mentioned several kinds of code conversion between PCM and PCMA, four bits of wxyz remain unchanged all the time, and theoretically any one conversion can be selected, but it is recommended to select the conversion of 000001wxyz bcd and 0011wxyz in the implementation process, because the original low-speed voice data is half-byte aligned in PCM, which is convenient for debugging.
4. Transparent transmission workflow
As shown in fig. 4, described separately from the sender workflow and the receiver workflow.
The sender work flow is as follows:
(1) a sender entity receives external original voice data;
(2) packaging according to the E1 format and the splitting method, wherein the length of each frame of packaged data is 160 bytes/20 ms, or 320 bytes/40 ms, or 480 bytes/60 ms;
(3) and sending the encapsulated data to an E1 line at regular intervals, and if no original data is sent, sending the custom filling data.
The work flow of the receiver is as follows:
(1) receiving data on an E1 line at regular intervals;
(2) carrying out low-speed voice data decapsulation according to a merging method;
(3) searching the unique word from the decapsulated data code stream, extracting a low-speed voice number, and returning fixed filling content if the unique word is not searched;
(4) and performing CRC check on the low-speed voice data, and if the check is not passed, returning fixed filling content.
In a word, the invention realizes the transmission of the low-speed voice data through the high-speed channel on the E1 line by the splitting and merging operation of the low-speed voice data, solves the problem of content change of the voice data due to the sound code conversion during the network crossing, and meets the requirement of no content distortion during the network crossing of the special voice data. The invention can be applied to the scene that the satellite mobile communication system or the ground mobile communication system transmits special voice data on the ground backbone network E1 line.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for transmitting low-speed voice data by using E1 line is characterized by comprising a work flow of a sender and a work flow of a receiver;
the sender workflow comprises the following steps:
(101) a sender receives external original voice data;
(102) constructing corresponding split data for original low-speed voice data input externally and four kinds of original data including unique word identification data, E1 link identification data and CRC check data respectively, wherein the specific mode is as follows:
the original data is N bytes, the corresponding split data is 2N bytes, the ith byte in the original data corresponds to the 2i-1 th byte and the 2i th byte of the split data, the corresponding relation is that the lower 4 bits of the 2i-1 th byte of the split data are the upper 4 bits of the ith byte in the original data, and the lower 4 bits of the 2i th byte of the split data are the lower 4 bits of the ith byte in the original data;
(103) connecting the unique word identifier split data, the E1 link identifier split data, the low-speed voice split data and the CRC check split data in sequence, repeating the connected data once, and connecting the two data in sequence to obtain repeated connection data;
(104) respectively filling all 0 data before and after the repeated connection data by taking the middle position of the repeated connection data as a center, and forming a frame of data after filling, wherein the length of the frame of data is 160 bytes, 320 bytes or 480 bytes, and the corresponding transmission time is 20ms, 40ms or 60 ms;
(105) sending the frame data obtained in the step (104) to an E1 line by taking the corresponding transmission time as a fixed interval;
completing the work flow of the sender;
the receiver workflow comprises the following steps:
(201) receiving data on an E1 line according to a fixed interval of sending frame data by a sender;
(202) combining the lower 4 bits of the two bytes into one byte according to the reverse way of the step (102) for the received E1 data to form a combined data code stream;
(203) searching unique words from the combined data code stream, and determining the positions of E1 link identification data, low-speed voice data and CRC (cyclic redundancy check) data;
(204) e1 link identification data, low-speed voice data and CRC (cyclic redundancy check) data are extracted from the combined code stream, and the integrity of the low-speed voice data is verified through the CRC data;
(205) after the verification is passed, sending the low-speed voice data to a target application program;
completing the receiver workflow.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmission rate of the E1 line is 64Kbps, and the rate of the original low-speed voice data is not higher than 16 Kbps.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114944864A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Cross-network-area safe and efficient transmission method for remote sensing satellite original code stream data |
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