CN114039197A - Duckbilled antenna - Google Patents

Duckbilled antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114039197A
CN114039197A CN202111265849.8A CN202111265849A CN114039197A CN 114039197 A CN114039197 A CN 114039197A CN 202111265849 A CN202111265849 A CN 202111265849A CN 114039197 A CN114039197 A CN 114039197A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
feeder
antenna
shaped
line
feeder line
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Pending
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CN202111265849.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨运刚
肖汉
方文锋
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Shenzhen Yingjiachuang Electronic Technology Co ltd
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Shenzhen Yingjiachuang Electronic Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111265849.8A priority Critical patent/CN114039197A/en
Publication of CN114039197A publication Critical patent/CN114039197A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/25Ultra-wideband [UWB] systems, e.g. multiple resonance systems; Pulse systems

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Abstract

The application discloses a duckbilled antenna, which belongs to the field of antennas and comprises an antenna radiator made of metal pieces, a substrate and a signal chip connected with the antenna radiator; the shape of the wire of the antenna radiator comprises a shape like a Chinese character 'shan'; the shape of the Chinese character 'shan' includes: the grounding point is arranged on the substrate and is surrounded by an M-shaped feeder line and a linear feeder line which is arranged on the substrate and is close to the center of the M-shaped feeder line; a connecting piece connected with the M-shaped feeder is welded on the substrate and connected with the I-shaped feeder; an adjusting circuit for adjusting the frequency band is mounted on the side of the substrate facing away from the antenna radiator. The antenna gain control method and the antenna gain control device have the effect of improving the antenna gain.

Description

Duckbilled antenna
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a duckbilled antenna.
Background
The antenna is a radio device capable of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves, and its basic function is to convert the high-frequency current energy emitted from the transmitter into radio waves and transmit the radio waves to the space, and then the receiving end converts the radio wave energy transmitted from the space into high-frequency current energy transmitted to the receiver, thereby realizing electromagnetic signal transmission at any two points.
At present, the Wifi antenna that commonly uses includes duckbilled type antenna, and duckbilled type antenna is including joint, connecting cable and fixing base usually, and after duckbilled type antenna equipment, can put predetermined position duckbilled type antenna, carry out communication work.
In view of the related art in the above, the inventors consider that there are drawbacks in that: the traditional duckbill antenna adopts an on-line network matching method, the increasing effect of the antenna gain is not obvious, and the antenna gain still can not meet the actual requirement. For this reason, further improvement is awaited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the gain of the antenna, the application provides a duckbill antenna.
The utility model provides a duckbilled type antenna adopts following technical scheme:
a duckbilled antenna comprises an antenna radiator made of metal pieces, a substrate and a signal chip connected with the antenna radiator; the shape of the wiring of the antenna radiator comprises a shape like a Chinese character 'shan'; the shape of the Chinese character 'shan' includes: the grounding point is arranged on the substrate and is close to the center of the M-shaped feeder line; a connecting piece connected with the M-shaped feeder line is welded on the substrate, and the connecting piece is connected with the I-shaped feeder line; and an adjusting circuit for adjusting the frequency band is arranged on one side of the substrate, which is far away from the antenna radiator.
By adopting the technical scheme, the antenna radiator in the shape of the Chinese character shan can improve the matching degree of the impedance of the antenna radiator and the input antenna radiator, so that the frequency band is widened, and the gain of the antenna is improved; the adjusting circuit can further enable the impedance of the antenna to be more matched, and the standing-wave ratio is reduced, so that the gain of the antenna is further improved.
Preferably, the M-shaped feeder lines comprise two symmetrically distributed t-shaped feeder lines; the T-shaped feeder comprises: the feeder comprises an A feeder, a B feeder and a C feeder, wherein one end of the B feeder is connected with the side edge of the A feeder, and the other end of the B feeder is connected with one end of the C feeder; the A feeder line and the B feeder line are perpendicular to each other; the A feeder line is parallel to the C feeder line; c feeder lines of the two groups of T-shaped feeder lines are mutually connected;
the I-shaped feeder line comprises a D feeder line and an E feeder line, one end of the D feeder line, which is far away from the M-shaped feeder line, is connected with one end of the E feeder line, and the D feeder line is positioned in a cavity defined by the two T-shaped feeder lines; a feeding point is arranged at one end of the D-shaped feeder line close to the connection position of the two groups of T-shaped feeder lines; and the E feeder line is provided with a copper sinking hole.
By adopting the technical scheme, the feeder line is in an M shape and is embedded in the M shape, so that the impedance of the antenna can be matched, the standing-wave ratio is reduced, the frequency band is widened, and the gain of the antenna is improved.
Preferably, one end of the E feed line far away from the D feed line is provided with an arc shape.
By adopting the technical scheme, the arc-shaped design ensures that the electrical length from the feed point to the end part of the E feeder line is gradually changed, namely the upper part of the E feeder line is connected with different smooth transition sections, so that the reflection of the current along the surface of the antenna is small, the impedance and the bandwidth are effectively widened, and the ultra-wideband characteristic of the antenna is realized; the antenna has the coupling resonance effect in the aspect of impedance matching, forms the characteristics of ultra-wide band and low standing wave, and thus achieves the conjugate matching of the antenna impedance.
Preferably, the E feeder is provided with a plurality of elongated slots for increasing the length of the antenna radiator.
By adopting the technical scheme, the length of the antenna radiator can be increased by the extension slot, so that the bandwidth of the low frequency band of the antenna becomes wider, and the practicability of the antenna radiator is improved.
Preferably, the adjusting circuit includes a first impedance matching circuit and a second impedance matching circuit, the first impedance matching circuit is in a C shape, the first impedance matching circuit is located on one side of the substrate away from the M-shaped feeder line, the second impedance matching circuit is located on one side of the substrate away from the first-shaped feeder line, the first impedance matching circuit is not in contact with the M-shaped feeder line, and the second impedance matching circuit is connected with the E-shaped feeder line through a copper-sinking hole.
By adopting the technical scheme, the first impedance matching circuit and the second impedance matching circuit can enable the impedance of the antenna to be matched, reduce the standing-wave ratio, widen the frequency band, enlarge the ground feeding area, increase the radiation area of the antenna, increase the receiving efficiency of the antenna and further enhance the gain of the antenna.
Preferably, one side of the C feeder line close to the B feeder line is provided with an oblique angle.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ground feeding area can be enlarged by the arranged oblique angle, so that the gain effect is enhanced.
Preferably, the length of the feeder line and the line width of the feeder line of the antenna radiator are adjusted on the basis of meeting the requirements of a signal of a connecting cable, the length of the connecting cable and the following conditions, so as to adjust the bandwidth of the antenna: frequency range: 698-960/1710-2700MHz, input impedance: 50 ohm, standing wave ratio less than 2.0, gain: 3dBi, 360 degrees horizontal angle, 55 degrees vertical angle, power capacity: 50W.
By adopting the technical scheme, the antenna radiator can realize the coverage of double frequency bands on the basis of meeting the signal of the connecting cable, the length of the connecting cable and the following conditions, thereby improving the practicability of the antenna radiator.
Preferably, the connecting piece is a 47nH inductor.
By adopting the technical scheme, the 47nH inductor can change the inductive reactance and the capacitive reactance of the antenna, so that the impedance of the antenna is more matched, and the gain of the antenna is improved.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
the antenna radiator in the shape of the Chinese character shan can improve the matching degree of the impedance of the antenna radiator and the input antenna radiator, so that the frequency band is widened, and the gain of the antenna is improved; the adjusting circuit can further enable the impedance of the antenna to be more matched, and the standing-wave ratio is reduced, so that the gain of the antenna is further improved;
2. the arc-shaped design ensures that the electrical length from the feed point to the end part of the E feeder line is gradually changed, namely the upper part of the feeder line is connected with different smooth transition sections, so that the reflection of the current along the surface of the antenna is small, the impedance and the bandwidth are effectively widened, and the ultra-wideband characteristic of the antenna is realized; the antenna has the coupling resonance effect in the aspect of impedance matching, forms the characteristics of ultra-wide band and low standing wave, and thus achieves the conjugate matching of the antenna impedance.
The 3.47nH inductor can change the inductive reactance and the capacitive reactance of the antenna, so that the impedance of the antenna is more matched, and the gain of the antenna is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna radiator according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna radiator according to an embodiment of the present application and hiding a 47nH inductor.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a copper sinker according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of an elongated slot of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a second impedance matching circuit of an embodiment of the present application.
Description of reference numerals:
1. an antenna radiator; 11. a feeder line; 12. b, a feeder line; 13. c, a feeder line; 131. oblique angle; 14. a D feeder line; 15. e, a feeder line; 151. copper hole deposition; 152. an elongated slot; 16. a first impedance matching line; 17. a second impedance matching line;
2. a substrate;
3. a joint; 31. a lower fixed seat; 32. an upper fixed seat; 33. an antenna rubber sleeve;
4. and connecting the cable.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-6.
The embodiment of the application discloses a duckbill antenna.
Referring to fig. 1, the duckbilled antenna includes a joint 3, a lower fixing seat 31, an upper fixing seat 32 and a connecting cable 4, the lower fixing seat 31 is installed on the joint 3, the upper fixing seat 32 is hinged to one side of the lower fixing seat 31 far away from the joint 3, and an antenna rubber sleeve 33 is installed on one side of the upper fixing seat 32 far away from the lower fixing seat 31; when the connector is used, the connector 3 can be fixed on the terminal equipment, then the upper fixing seat 32 is rotated, the angle of the upper fixing seat 32 relative to the lower fixing seat 31 is adjusted, and the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the connecting cable 4 are adjusted.
In order to improve the oxidation resistance of the connection cable 4, both ends of the connection cable 4 are tinned.
Referring to fig. 2, the duckbilled antenna further includes an antenna radiator 1, a substrate 2, and a signal chip, the antenna radiator 1 is made of a metal piece, in this embodiment, the metal piece includes a material containing metal elements, such as aluminum, silver, and copper, and the antenna radiator 1 is not directly exposed on the work site due to the presence of the antenna rubber sleeve 33; and the signal chip is connected to the antenna radiator 1.
The dielectric constant is a main parameter reflecting the dielectric property or polarization property of a dielectric medium of a material under the action of an electrostatic field, the higher the dielectric constant is, the higher the loss of an antenna is, and the lower the loss of a high-frequency board is, but the high-frequency board is expensive and lacks price advantage, so in the embodiment, the flame-resistant material of the substrate 2 adopts a PCB board with the grade of FR-4 and the dielectric constant of 4.2-4.6; if the requirement for the use of the duckbill antenna is high, the substrate 2 may be a high-frequency plate having a frequency of 1GHz or more.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the shape of the trace of the antenna radiator 1 includes a "chevron" shape, wherein the "chevron" shape includes an "M" shaped feed line and a "straight" shaped feed line, and the "M" shaped feed line is surrounded by a feed line of the ground point; the linear feeder is arranged on the substrate 2, and one end of the linear feeder is close to the center of the M-shaped feeder; simultaneously, the welding has the connecting piece on base plate 2, and the connecting piece is connected with "M" style of calligraphy feeder, and one side that the connecting piece deviates from "M" style of calligraphy feeder is connected with "a" style of calligraphy feeder.
Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, in order to increase the gain of the antenna, the connection element is a 47nH inductor 18; if the use requirement of the duckbill antenna is low, a 33nH inductor can be adopted; the M-shaped feeder line and the I-shaped feeder line are connected and conducted through a welded 47nH inductor 18.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the "M" type feeder includes two sets of "t" type feeders, and the two sets of "t" type feeders are symmetrically distributed, wherein the "t" type feeder includes an a feeder 11, a B feeder 12, and a C feeder 13, one end of the B feeder 12 is connected to a side of the a feeder 11, and the other end of the B feeder 12 is connected to one end of the C feeder 13; the A feeder line 11 and the B feeder line 12 are perpendicular to each other, the A feeder line 11 is parallel to the C feeder line 13, and the B feeder line 12 is parallel to the C feeder line 13; in the present embodiment, two sets of "t" shaped feed lines are connected to each other by the C feed line 13.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the line-shaped feeder includes a D feeder 14 and an E feeder 15, one end of the D feeder 14 away from the M-shaped feeder is connected to one end of the E feeder 15, and the D feeder 14 is located in a cavity surrounded by two sets of t-shaped feeders; and a feeding point is arranged at one end of the D-shaped feeder 14 close to the connection position of the two groups of T-shaped feeders.
The inner conductor of the connecting cable 4 is connected and conducted with the E feeder 15 through the D feeder 14, and the outer conductor of the connecting cable 4 is connected and conducted with the M-shaped feeder to form a half-wave asymmetric oscillator of the antenna, so that the gain of the antenna is improved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, an end of the E-feed line 15 away from the D-feed line 14 is set to be arc-shaped, so that the electrical length from the feed point to the end of the E-feed line 15 is gradually changed, which is equivalent to that the upper part of the E-feed line 15 is connected with different smooth transition sections, thereby realizing the ultra-wideband characteristic of the antenna and achieving the conjugate matching of the impedance of the antenna.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the two C feed lines 13 are provided with oblique angles 131 on the sides close to the B feed line 12, so that the ground feeding area is increased, and the gain effect of the antenna is enhanced.
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, two elongated slots 152 are formed in the E-feed line 15, wherein one elongated slot 152 is in a straight shape, and the other elongated slot 152 is in an L shape, so that the length of the antenna radiator 1 is increased, and the bandwidth of the low frequency band of the antenna is wider.
Referring to fig. 2 and 6, in order to further improve the gain of the antenna, an adjusting circuit is installed on a side of the substrate 2 away from the antenna radiator 1, and in this embodiment, the adjusting circuit includes a first impedance matching circuit 16 and a second impedance matching circuit 17, where the first impedance matching circuit 16 is in a C shape, and the first impedance matching circuit 16 is located on a side of the substrate 2 away from the "M" shaped feeder; and a second impedance matching line 17 is located on the side of the substrate 2 facing away from the feed line of the "in" type.
In this embodiment, the first impedance matching line 16 is not in contact with the "M" shaped feeder, a copper sinking hole 151 is formed in the E feeder 15, and the second impedance matching line 17 is connected and conducted with the "M" shaped feeder through the copper sinking hole 151.
The feeder line length and the feeder line width of the antenna radiator 1 are adjusted according to actual use, and the signal of the connecting cable 4, the length of the connecting cable 4 and the following conditions are required to be met: the frequency range is 698-960/1710-2700MHz, the input impedance is 50 ohms, the standing-wave ratio is less than 2.0, the gain is 3dBi, the horizontal angle is 360 degrees, the vertical angle is 55 degrees, and the power capacity is 50W.
The implementation principle of the duckbilled antenna in the embodiment of the application is as follows: the trace shape of the antenna radiator 1 includes an "M" shaped feeder line and a "line" shaped feeder line, and a first impedance matching line 16 and a second impedance matching line 17 are mounted on the substrate 2.
The inventors performed a series of tests on the antenna structure in the present application, specifically as follows:
as can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the antenna of the present application meets the design requirements of industrial antennas, and has good coverage frequency, radiation efficiency and gain.
TABLE 1
Activity test data:
Figure BDA0003326906560000051
TABLE 2
4G test data:
Figure BDA0003326906560000061
Figure BDA0003326906560000071
Figure BDA0003326906560000081
the above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. A duckbill antenna, characterized in that: the antenna comprises an antenna radiator (1) made of metal pieces, a substrate (2) and a signal chip connected with the antenna radiator (1); the wiring shape of the antenna radiator (1) comprises a shape like a Chinese character 'shan'; the shape of the Chinese character 'shan' includes: the grounding point is arranged on the substrate (2) and is close to the center of the M-shaped feeder line; a connecting piece connected with the M-shaped feeder is welded on the substrate (2), and the connecting piece is connected with the I-shaped feeder; and an adjusting circuit for adjusting the frequency band is arranged on one side of the substrate (2) departing from the antenna radiator (1).
2. The duckbill antenna of claim 1, wherein: the M-shaped feeder lines comprise two groups of T-shaped feeder lines which are symmetrically distributed; the T-shaped feeder comprises: the feeder comprises an A feeder (11), a B feeder (12) and a C feeder (13), wherein one end of the B feeder (12) is connected with the side edge of the A feeder (11), and the other end of the B feeder (12) is connected with one end of the C feeder (13); the A feeder line (11) and the B feeder line (12) are perpendicular to each other; the A feeder line (11) is parallel to the C feeder line (13); c feeder lines (13) of the two groups of T-shaped feeder lines are connected with each other;
the I-shaped feeder comprises a D feeder (14) and an E feeder (15), one end, far away from the M-shaped feeder, of the D feeder (14) is connected with one end of the E feeder (15), and the D feeder (14) is located in a cavity defined by two groups of T-shaped feeders; a feeding point is arranged at one end of the D feeder (14) close to the connection position of the two groups of T-shaped feeders; and the E feeder (15) is provided with a copper sinking hole (151).
3. The duckbill antenna of claim 2, wherein: one end of the E feed line (15) far away from the D feed line (14) is arranged to be in an arc shape.
4. The duckbill antenna of claim 2, wherein: and the E feeder line (15) is provided with a plurality of elongated slots (152) for increasing the length of the antenna radiator (1).
5. The duckbill antenna of claim 2, wherein: the adjusting circuit comprises a first impedance matching circuit (16) and a second impedance matching circuit (17), wherein the wiring shape of the first impedance matching circuit (16) is C-shaped, the first impedance matching circuit (16) is positioned on one side, deviating from the M-shaped feeder line, of the substrate (2), the second impedance matching circuit (17) is positioned on one side, deviating from the M-shaped feeder line, of the substrate (2), the first impedance matching circuit (16) is not in contact with the M-shaped feeder line, and the second impedance matching circuit (17) is connected with the E feeder line (15) through a copper sinking hole (151).
6. The duckbill antenna of claim 2, wherein: and an oblique angle (131) is formed in one side, close to the B feeder line (12), of the C feeder line (13).
7. The duckbill antenna of claim 1, wherein: on the basis of meeting the following conditions, the feeder line length and the feeder line width of the antenna radiator (1) are adjusted to realize the adjustment of the antenna bandwidth: frequency range: 698-960/1710-2700MHz, input impedance: 50 ohm, standing wave ratio less than 2.0, gain: 3dBi, 360 degrees horizontal angle, 55 degrees vertical angle, power capacity: 50W.
8. The duckbill antenna of claim 1, wherein: the connecting piece is a 47nH inductor (18).
CN202111265849.8A 2021-10-28 2021-10-28 Duckbilled antenna Pending CN114039197A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116565543A (en) * 2023-06-05 2023-08-08 深圳市飞宇信电子有限公司 Multiport modularization sucking disc antenna

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013121004A (en) * 2011-12-06 2013-06-17 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Antenna device
CN211980896U (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-11-20 昆山立讯射频科技有限公司 Antenna structure
CN213636298U (en) * 2020-12-08 2021-07-06 李丽娜 Wide band omnidirectional antenna
CN213878417U (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-08-03 东莞市优比电子有限公司 Circuit board assembly, glass fiber reinforced plastic antenna and electronic equipment
CN215834697U (en) * 2021-08-12 2022-02-15 深圳市英佳创电子科技有限公司 4G antenna and wireless network terminal equipment

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013121004A (en) * 2011-12-06 2013-06-17 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Antenna device
CN211980896U (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-11-20 昆山立讯射频科技有限公司 Antenna structure
CN213636298U (en) * 2020-12-08 2021-07-06 李丽娜 Wide band omnidirectional antenna
CN213878417U (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-08-03 东莞市优比电子有限公司 Circuit board assembly, glass fiber reinforced plastic antenna and electronic equipment
CN215834697U (en) * 2021-08-12 2022-02-15 深圳市英佳创电子科技有限公司 4G antenna and wireless network terminal equipment

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116565543A (en) * 2023-06-05 2023-08-08 深圳市飞宇信电子有限公司 Multiport modularization sucking disc antenna
CN116565543B (en) * 2023-06-05 2024-02-27 深圳市飞宇信电子有限公司 Multiport modularization sucking disc antenna

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