Utility model content
Based on this, it is necessary to which for the problem that existing indoor base station volume is larger, providing one kind, to be conducive to indoor base station small
The PIFA antenna of type.
A kind of PIFA antenna, comprising:
Floor is reflected, there is loading end, be provided with the feeder section being spaced apart from each other and short-circuited region on the loading end;
Feeding network is set to the feeder section, and is electrically connected with the reflection floor;And
Radiating element, including with the loading end be arranged in parallel and at interval metal plate, feed section, open circuit minor matters and
Short-circuit minor matters, the metal plate has feed end and short-circuit end, and is formed with hollow-out parts on the metal plate;
Wherein, one end of the feed section is electrically connected with the feed end, and the other end is electrically connected with the feeding network,
One end of the open circuit minor matters is electrically connected with the feed end, and the other end and the reflection floor interval are arranged, the short circuit branch
One end of section is electrically connected with the short-circuit end, and the other end is electrically connected with the short-circuited region.
The reflection floor is double-sided PCB board in one of the embodiments, and is formed on the reflection floor multiple
Metallization VIA.
The metallization VIA is close in the distribution of the feeder section and the short-circuited region in one of the embodiments,
Degree is greater than the distribution density in reflection remaining region of floor.
The feeding network is co-planar waveguide formula feeding network in one of the embodiments,.
The feed section, the open circuit minor matters and the short-circuit minor matters are in L shape in one of the embodiments,.
The feed section, the open circuit minor matters and the short-circuit minor matters vertically connect in one of the embodiments,
In the metal plate.
The edge of the short-circuit minor matters is jagged in one of the embodiments,.
The hollow-out parts are located at the edge of the metal plate in one of the embodiments, so that the metal plate
Edge be serrated.
The radiating element is axially symmetric structure in one of the embodiments, and the feed section is relative to described
The symmetrical axial symmetry of radiating element.
Above-mentioned PIFA antenna, impedance bandwidth is related to reflection the distance between floor and metal plate, and minor matters of opening a way
It is conducive to optimization impedance matching, further, the settings of hollow-out parts so that electric current is on metal plate with being provided with for short-circuit minor matters
Meander is formed, therefore current path is elongated.Moreover, short-circuit minor matters can be formed into a loop between short-circuit end and feed end, it can be further
Extend current path.Since current path extends, the signal frequency that radiating element can be received and dispatched also is changed correspondingly, so that radiating element
Working frequency range reduce.As it can be seen that above-mentioned PIFA antenna can reduce volume while expansion covers frequency range, therefore it is advantageously implemented
The miniaturization of indoor base station.
In addition, the utility model also provides a kind of indoor base station, comprising:
PIFA antenna as described in any one of above preferred embodiment;And
Signal receiving/transmission device is connect with the PIFA base station antenna communication.
Since above-mentioned PIFA antenna can reduce volume while expansion covers frequency range.Therefore, above-mentioned PIFA antenna is answered
When for indoor base station, it is possible to reduce the integrated quantity of PIFA antenna.Alternatively, in the case where integrated quantity is constant, due to list
The volume of a PIFA antenna is reduced significantly.Therefore, above-mentioned indoor base station can realize miniaturization.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is more fully retouched below with reference to relevant drawings for the ease of understanding the utility model,
It states.The preferred embodiment of the utility model is given in attached drawing.But the utility model can come in many different forms
It realizes, however it is not limited to embodiment described herein.On the contrary, purpose of providing these embodiments is makes to the utility model
The understanding of disclosure is more thorough and comprehensive.
It should be noted that it can directly on the other element when element is referred to as " being fixed on " another element
Or there may also be elements placed in the middle.When an element is considered as " connection " another element, it, which can be, is directly connected to
To another element or it may be simultaneously present centering elements.Term as used herein " vertical ", " horizontal ", " left side ",
" right side " and similar statement are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein are led with the technology for belonging to the utility model
The normally understood meaning of the technical staff in domain is identical.Terminology used in the description of the utility model herein only be
The purpose of description specific embodiment, it is not intended that in limitation the utility model.Term " and or " used herein includes
Any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.
The utility model provides a kind of indoor base station and PIFA antenna.Wherein, indoor base station includes above-mentioned PIFA days
Line, and the signal receiving/transmission device with above-mentioned PIFA antenna communication connection.Signal receiving/transmission device is for converting electrical signals into electricity
Magnetostatic wave signal, electromagnetic wave signal can be transmitted to antenna and be radiated from PIFA antenna to space.Moreover, signal receiving/transmission device can also incite somebody to action
The electromagnetic wave signal that PIFA antenna receives is converted to electric signal.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is please referred to, the PIFA antenna 100 in the utility model preferred embodiment includes reflection floor 110, feedback
Electric network 120 and radiating element 130.
Reflection floor 110 primarily serves reflection and enhances the effect of electromagnetic wave signal, generally metal plate-like structure.Its
In, reflection floor 110 can elongated, round or rectangle.Further, reflection floor 110 has loading end 111.And
And the feeder section 1112 being spaced apart from each other and short-circuited region 1114 are provided on loading end 111.
In the present embodiment, reflection floor 110 is double-sided PCB board, and reflects on floor 110 and be formed with multiple metallized
Hole 113.
Specifically, reflection floor 110 is made of media substrate and the layers of copper covered in media substrate opposite sides.Metallization
Via hole 113 refers to that through-hole internal curing has metal, so that through-hole realizes conduction.Metallization VIA 113 is for being electrically connected two
The layers of copper of side, so that connection and ground connection are realized in 110 two sides.Wherein, it can first drill on reflection floor 110, then into hole
Injection liquid metal (such as copper) simultaneously solidifies, to form metallization VIA 113.Preferably, media substrate is that (FR-4 is FR-4 medium
The code name of flame resistant material grade), dielectric constant is 4.4, and thickness is 1.6 millimeters.
Since reflection floor 110 is double-layer PCB board, therefore reflects floor 110 and can be not only used for matching PIFA antenna 100
Impedance and reflection electromagnetic wave, can be also used for the design of feeding network 120.Meanwhile the surface of double-layer PCB board can add and penetrate
Frequency or digital circuit, are advantageously implemented the Miniaturization Design of PIFA antenna 100.
Feeding network 120 is set to feeder section 1112, and is electrically connected with reflection floor 110.Wherein, radiating element 130
It is electrically connected with feeding network 120, feeding network 120 is used to feed electric current to radiating element 130.
Specifically in the present embodiment, feeding network 120 is co-planar waveguide (CPW) formula feeding network.Co-planar waveguide has work
Skill is simple and wide band characteristic, therefore is conducive to expand the frequency bandwidth of PIFA antenna 100.Moreover, the feed side of co-planar waveguide
Formula can make welding in the same plane of coaxial feeder, easy to process.
Radiating element 130 is for reception and radiated electromagnetic wave signal.Also referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, radiating element 130 is wrapped
Include metal plate 131, feed section 133, open circuit minor matters 135 and short-circuit minor matters 137.
Metal plate 131 is parallel with loading end 111 and interval is arranged.Metal plate 131 can by the good conductors such as copper, silver at
Type.Specifically in the present embodiment, radiating element 130 is integrally formed structures, can be by carrying out punching press, curved to sheet metal
Folding, punching milling are to respectively obtain metal plate 131, feed section 133, open circuit minor matters 135 and short-circuit minor matters 137.Preferably, it radiates
Unit 130 is foreign white copper material.
Metal plate 131 has feed end (figure is not marked) and short-circuit end (figure is not marked).The exterior contour of metal plate 131 can
Think the various shapes such as circle, rectangle, and feed end and short-circuit end are then located at the different both ends of metal plate 110.Specifically at this
In embodiment, metal plate 131 has two parallel and opposite edges, and feed end and short circuit are then located at above-mentioned two side
Edge.
Feed section 133, open circuit minor matters 135 and short-circuit minor matters 137 can be elongated plate structure.Wherein, it feeds
One end of part 133 is electrically connected with feed end, and the other end is electrically connected with feeding network 120.The one end for minor matters 135 of opening a way and feed
End electrical connection, the other end and reflection floor 110 interval are arranged.One end of short-circuit minor matters 137 is electrically connected with short-circuit end is stated, the other end
It is electrically connected with short-circuited region.
Specifically in the present embodiment, feeder section and short-circuited region are laid with steel mesh, feed section 133 and short-circuit minor matters 137
It is electrically connected respectively with the feeder section on reflection floor 110 and short-circuited region realization by crossing furnace welding manner.With it is traditional manual
Welding, riveting are compared, and may make that the reliability of connection and processing efficiency are effectively promoted.
As shown in figure 3, the open circuit minor matters 135 in the present embodiment are two, and it is located at the two sides of feed section 133.
In the present embodiment, radiating element 130 is axially symmetric structure, and symmetry axis pair of the feed section 133 relative to radiating element 130
Claim.
Therefore, the electric current entered by feed section 133 then can be along the two sides Uniform Flow of metal plate 110, to guarantee
Signal radiation it is symmetrical, and then be conducive to promoted 100 antenna pattern of PIFA antenna symmetry.
Electric signal is entered in radiating element 130 through feeding network 120 by feed section 133.Moreover, electric current can be from current feed department
133 are divided to flow to open circuit minor matters 135 and short-circuit minor matters 137.Minor matters 135 of opening a way and short-circuit minor matters 137 will be to radiating elements 130
Impedance bandwidth realize optimization, make PIFA antenna have wider impedance bandwidth.Feeding network 120 is with stronger electric current point
Cloth, i.e. perception are stronger.Open circuit minor matters 135 belong to capacitive load, by the optimization for 135 size of minor matters of opening a way, can eliminate by feeding
The inductive reactance that network 120 generates.The open circuit (high input impedance) of conventional PIFA antenna is changed into short circuit by short-circuit minor matters 137
(low input impedance), the adjustable input impedance with optimization antenna of the short-circuit minor matters 137 of different in width.When the input impedance of antenna
Real part close to 50 ohm, when imaginary part is close to 0 ohm, antenna can resonance, and realize wide impedance bandwidth.
In wireless communication field, in order to realize that PIFA antenna 100 is matched with feeder line, the impedance of radiating element 130 need be with
The impedance matching of feeder line.And 100 resonance point of PIFA antenna and impedance by its height (reflection floor 100 and metal plate 131 it
Between distance) realize tuning.Therefore, it then must be provided with higher in general PIFA antenna in order to guarantee preferable impedance matching
Highly, and then cause it with high section.And since open circuit minor matters 135 and short-circuit minor matters 137 realize optimization to impedance matching,
Therefore the height of radiating element 130 can be reduced while meeting impedance matching, so that above-mentioned PIFA antenna 100 has low section.
In addition, being formed with hollow-out parts 1312 on metal plate 131.Hollow-out parts 1312, which can be, is opened in metal plate 131
On the structures such as hole, slot.Further, the setting of hollow-out parts 1312, so that the process that electric current is flowed from feed end to short-circuit end
Middle formation meander, therefore current path is elongated.Moreover, short-circuit minor matters 137 can form complete return between short-circuit end and feed end
Road, therefore can further extend current path.Since current path extends, the signal frequency that radiating element 130 can be received and dispatched is also therewith
Change, so that the working frequency range of radiating element 130 broadens.Therefore, (the feed end in the case where 130 width of radiating element is constant
Arrive the distance between short-circuit end), the bin width of covering can be widened significantly.Alternatively, being covered not changing radiating element 130
Bin width in the case of, width can be reduced significantly.
Obviously, the PIFA antenna 100 including radiating element 130 can also realize the broadening or volume-diminished of working frequency range.
Therefore, when above-mentioned PIFA antenna 100 being applied to indoor base station, it is possible to reduce the integrated quantity of PIFA antenna 100 is conducive to reality
The miniaturization of existing indoor base station.Alternatively, in the case where integrated quantity is constant, since the volume of single PIFA antenna 100 is significant
It reduces, therefore is also able to achieve the miniaturization of indoor base station.
It is illustrated below with reference to a specific size of PIFA antenna 100 in the present embodiment.Wherein, floor is reflected
110 be the rectangular plate-like structure of long 180mm, width 180mm, thickness 1.6mm;Radiating element 130 with a thickness of 0.5mm, size is
Long 45mm, width 39mm, high 18mm.Width refer to short-circuit end the distance between to feed end, it is a length of perpendicular in width direction
Size, the distance between a height of metal plate 110 and reflection 2110.
Fig. 5 is reflection coefficient and the gain of PIFA antenna 100.As seen from the figure, the impedance bandwidth (S of PIFA antenna 10011≤-
10dB be 1650~2760MHz, gain about 4.8~6.2dBi.In broad frequency range, the change in gain of PIFA antenna 100
Less than 1.4dB.As it can be seen that PIFA antenna realizes preferable impedance matching in the working frequency range of common indoor base station.
However, the height of PIFA antenna 100 is about 19mm at this time, it is approximately equal to 0.14 λg(λgIt is 2.2GHz pairs of center frequency point
The free space wavelength answered).And in existing PIFA antenna, height is generally 0.25 λg.As it can be seen that meeting identical resistance
While anti-matching demand, the highly effective significant decrease of above-mentioned PIFA antenna 100, to have good low section characteristic.
Fig. 6 is the input impedance of PIFA antenna 100.As seen from the figure, PIFA antenna 100 is in 1650~2760 MHz frequency ranges
Interior, resistance and reactance value nearby change relatively small at 50 ohm and 0 ohm.As it can be seen that PIFA antenna 100 also has wideband
Band characteristic, working frequency range cover the common frequency range of indoor base station.When applied to indoor base station, the number of antenna can be effectively reduced
Amount (only needs 1), reduces material and cost of labor, while being also able to achieve the miniaturization of indoor base station.
In addition, PIFA antenna 100 also has lower directionality, PIFA antenna 100 has the radiation characteristic of monopole, i.e.,
Low directionality.Wherein.The antenna pattern of PIFA antenna 100 is cone, antenna gain about 4.8~6.2dBi, so as to reality
Existing indoor comprehensive covering.
Fig. 7 (a) to Fig. 9 (c) is PIFA antenna 100 respectively in the radiation direction of 1.7GHz, 2.3GHz, 2.7GHz frequency point
Figure, antenna pattern is in cone.
As shown in Fig. 7 (a), Fig. 7 (b) and Fig. 7 (c), on the two-dimensional directional of vertical plane φ=0 °, PIFA antenna 100 has
There is dissymmetrical structure, so that with the increase of frequency, aerial radiation directionality becomes strong.Wherein, 100 cross polarization ratio of PIFA antenna
Less than -30dB.
As shown in Fig. 8 (a), Fig. 8 (b) and Fig. 8 (c), on the two-dimensional directional of vertical plane φ=90 °, PIFA antenna 100
With good symmetry.But with the increase of frequency, EφIt is worth increasing.In 2.7GHz frequency point, EφValue is greater than EθValue.
As shown in Fig. 9 (a), Fig. 9 (b) and Fig. 9 (c), on the two-dimensional directional of horizontal plane θ=90 °, PIFA antenna 100 exists
Low frequency has good out-of-roundness, in 1.7GHz and 2.3GHz frequency point, respectively 1.3dB and 1.9dB.
In the present embodiment, metallization VIA 113 is greater than in the distribution density of feeder section and short-circuited region reflectingly
The distribution density in 110 remaining region of plate.
Specifically, radiating element 130 is realized and is connected in feeder section and short-circuited region and reflection floor 110.Due to this reality
Applying the reflection floor 100 in example is double-layer PCB board, and the layers of copper of two sides is connected to by metallization VIA 113.Therefore, it is feeding
Region and short-circuited region more metallization VIA 113 is set then can further be promoted radiating element 130 and metal floor 110 with
And the reliability that feeding network 120 is electrically connected with metal floor 110, so that it is guaranteed that effective transmission of electromagnetic wave.
In the present embodiment, feed section 133, open circuit minor matters 135 and short-circuit minor matters 137 are L-shaped.
By taking feed section 133 as an example, including main body 1332 and the bending part 1334 bent relative to main body 1332.Wherein,
Bending part 1334 is welded in the feeder section of metal base plate 110, to increase feed section 133 and metal base plate 110 and feedback
The contact area of electric network 120, the effect of promotion signal transmission.
Similarly, the structure of minor matters 135 of opening a way and short-circuit minor matters 137 is approximate with feed section 133, short-circuit minor matters 137 and gold
The contact area of possession plate 110 also increases.
Further, in the present embodiment, feed section 133, open circuit minor matters 135 and the vertical connection of short-circuit minor matters 137
In metal plate 131.
Specifically, the part that feed section 133, open circuit minor matters 135 and short-circuit minor matters 137 are connect with metal plate 131 is hung down
Directly in metal plate 131.By taking feed section 133 as an example, surface of the main body 1332 perpendicular to metal plate 131, and bending part
1334 are parallel to metal plate 131.On the one hand, the whole width of radiating element 130 can be reduced;On the other hand, bending part
1334 is also parallel with loading end 111, therefore is bonded with metal base plate 110 tighter.
In the present embodiment, the edge jagged 1372 of short-circuit minor matters 137.
Specifically, notch 1372 is identical as the effect of hollow-out parts 1312, notch 1372 can be symmetrically distributed in short-circuit minor matters 137
The edge of two sides.When electric current, which flows to reflection floor 110 through short-circuit minor matters 137, to be formed into a loop, since the presence of notch 1372 will
Meander is resulted in, to further extend current path, to further broaden the impedance bandwidth of radiating element 130.
In the present embodiment, hollow-out parts 1312 are located at the edge of metal plate 131, so that the edge of metal plate 131 is in
Zigzag.
Specifically, hollow-out parts 1312 are located at the edge of metal plate 131, then electric current needs first to flow to side in transmission process
For edge further around hollow-out parts 1312 are crossed, meander effect is more preferable.It is appreciated that hollow-out parts 1312 are also possible to be located in metal floor 110
The through-hole in portion.
Above-mentioned PIFA antenna 100, impedance bandwidth is related to reflection the distance between floor 100 and metal plate 131, and
Open circuit minor matters 135 and being provided with for short-circuit minor matters 137 are conducive to optimization impedance matching.Further, the setting of hollow-out parts 1312 makes
It obtains electric current and forms meander on metal plate 131, therefore current path is elongated.Moreover, short-circuit minor matters 137 can be in short-circuit end and feed
It is formed into a loop between end, can further extend current path.Since current path extends, the signal that radiating element 130 can be received and dispatched
Frequency also changes correspondingly, so that the working frequency range of radiating element 130 reduces.As it can be seen that above-mentioned PIFA antenna 100 can be covered in expansion
Reduce volume while frequency range, therefore is advantageously implemented the miniaturization of indoor base station.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
Above-described embodiments merely represent several embodiments of the utility model, the description thereof is more specific and detailed,
But it cannot be understood as the limitations to utility model patent range.It should be pointed out that for the common skill of this field
For art personnel, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, various modifications and improvements can be made, these are belonged to
The protection scope of the utility model.Therefore, the scope of protection shall be subject to the appended claims for the utility model patent.