CN114035223B - Dynamic compaction earthquake shear wave measuring device and method - Google Patents
Dynamic compaction earthquake shear wave measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114035223B CN114035223B CN202111230549.6A CN202111230549A CN114035223B CN 114035223 B CN114035223 B CN 114035223B CN 202111230549 A CN202111230549 A CN 202111230549A CN 114035223 B CN114035223 B CN 114035223B
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- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/20—Arrangements of receiving elements, e.g. geophone pattern
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Abstract
The invention provides a measuring device and a measuring method for dynamic compaction seismic shear waves. The measuring device comprises an engineering seismograph, a detection mechanism and a triggering mechanism; the detection mechanism comprises at least three 3-C detectors which are sequentially connected through signal cables and are arranged at equal intervals and connected to the engineering seismograph; the triggering mechanism comprises a triangular steel plate suspended below the rammer and a steel anchor welded on the upper surface of the rammer, and the steel anchor and the triangular steel plate are respectively connected with a signal triggering interface of the engineering seismograph through cables. And (3) dropping the rammer from the ramming height, receiving signals by the engineering seismograph when the rammer contacts with the triangular steel plate, starting working by the detection mechanism, detecting the actual measurement amplitude values of the measuring points at different distances, obtaining a function formula of the actual measurement amplitude values and the distances, and then sequentially calculating the dynamic compaction vibration influence energy levels at the different distances according to the formula. The dynamic compaction device is simple in structure and convenient to use, and the influence range of the dynamic compaction can be intuitively judged according to the magnitude of the shear wave energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation engineering and foundation treatment construction methods, in particular to a measuring device and a measuring method for dynamic compaction seismic shear waves.
Background
The dynamic compaction construction is mainly used for improving the bearing capacity of the foundation, is mainly used in the construction industry, is widely applied to construction engineering and sea filling engineering, and is characterized in that materials with good performances such as broken stone, sheet stone, slag and the like are forcedly extruded into the foundation by utilizing high impact energy generated by high fall of a heavy hammer, and a series of granular pier composite foundations are formed in the foundation so as to improve the bearing capacity of the foundation and reduce sedimentation. In construction, a crawler crane with an automatic unhooking device is generally adopted to lift the rammer.
In the dynamic compaction construction process, when the heavy rammer unhooks and falls down in a free falling body and strong force, strong impact force and shear wave can be generated on the ground, the impact on a building in a certain range nearby can be generated, and the building can be settled or even collapsed in the long-time ramming process, so that a certain danger exists. At present, the influence distance of the dynamic compaction construction in the horizontal direction is not provided with a theoretical formula, most designs are judged only by experience, so that the construction safety is uncertain, part of sites are detected during construction, and when the potential safety hazard is found, the dynamic compaction construction is canceled again, so that huge economic loss exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of the influence range in the horizontal direction in the existing dynamic compaction construction process, and provides a device and a method for measuring the seismic shear wave of the dynamic compaction.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides a measuring device for dynamic compaction seismic shear waves, which is characterized in that: the device comprises an engineering seismograph, a detection mechanism and a triggering mechanism; the detection mechanism comprises a signal cable and at least three 3-C detectors which are equidistantly arranged on the ground from a seismic source at a fixed distance of 5-20 m, the tip end of each detector is inserted into the ground, and the signal cable is connected with the round end of each detector in sequence and then connected with a signal input interface of the engineering seismograph; the triggering mechanism comprises a triangular steel plate positioned below the rammer and a steel anchor welded on the upper surface of the rammer, and the steel anchor is connected with a signal triggering interface of the engineering seismograph through a second cable; the triangular steel plate is connected with the rammer through a hose, and after the connection, an inclined included angle of 10-60 degrees exists between the triangular steel plate and the plane where the bottom surface of the rammer is located, and the triangular steel plate is connected with a signal triggering interface of the engineering seismograph through a third cable.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the triangular steel plate is connected with the rammer through three carbon fiber hoses, three first steel rings are welded on the side face of the rammer, the three carbon fiber hoses are respectively and fixedly connected to three top angles of the triangular steel plate, the other ends of the three carbon fiber hoses are respectively connected to the three first steel rings, one top angle of the triangular steel plate after connection is lifted upwards to enable an inclined included angle of 10-60 degrees to exist between the triangular steel plate and a plane where the bottom face of the rammer is located, and a third cable is connected to one end of the triangular steel plate.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: and a carbon fiber hose is wrapped at a distance of at least 10m between the third cable and the connecting part of the triangular steel plate.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the lengths of the third cable and the second cable are greater than the sum of the length of the engineering seismograph from the tamping pit and the tamping height of the tamping hammer.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the triangular steel plate is of an equilateral triangle, each vertex angle part of the triangular steel plate is welded with a second steel ring, one end of each of the three carbon fiber hoses is respectively wound on the three second steel rings, and the other end of each of the three carbon fiber hoses is wound on the corresponding first steel ring; the three first steel rings are distributed on the side face of the rammer at intervals of 120 degrees, one of the three carbon fiber hoses is shorter than the other two, and after the first steel rings are connected, one end of the triangular steel plate, which is connected with the shorter carbon fiber hose, is lifted upwards, and an inclined included angle of 10-30 degrees exists between the triangular steel plate and the plane where the bottom face of the rammer is located.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention also provides a method for measuring dynamic compaction seismic shear waves, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) At least three 3-C detectors are equidistantly arranged at a fixed distance of 5-20 m from a seismic source on the ground to form a combined detector, the tip of each 3-C detector is inserted into the ground, the tip of each 3-C detector is sequentially connected with the round end of each detector by using a signal cable, and finally the signal cable is connected to a signal input interface of an engineering seismograph;
(2) Welding a steel anchor on the top surface of the rammer, connecting three steel rings on the side surface of the rammer, winding and connecting a carbon fiber hose on each steel ring, respectively welding one steel ring at three corners of a triangular steel plate, respectively connecting the other ends of the three carbon fiber hoses connected to the side surface of the rammer to the vertex angle part of the triangular steel plate, wherein one end of the connected triangular steel plate is higher than the other two ends, and an included angle of 10-60 degrees exists between the connected triangular steel plate and a plane where the bottom surface of the rammer is located;
(3) Connecting the higher end angles of the steel anchor and the triangular steel plate with a signal trigger interface of the engineering seismograph through a second cable and a third cable respectively, wherein the lengths of the second cable and the third cable are larger than the sum of the length of the engineering seismograph from the tamping pit and the tamping height of the tamping hammer;
(4) Ramming the rammer to a ramming energy level T 0 According to the step (3), the tamping height falls down, the tamping pit is tamped, the first tamping operation is completed, and the tamping hammer is contacted with the triangular steel plate in the tamping process, so that the triggering mechanism is communicated;
(5) The engineering seismograph receives signals after the triggering mechanism is communicated, so that the detection mechanism starts to work, the 3-C detectors with different distances start to receive stratum shear wave types, convert the stratum shear wave types into electric signals, and return to the engineering seismograph to obtain shear wave energy with different distances, namely, the actual measurement amplitude V of measuring points with different distances n ；
(6) According to the measured amplitude V of different distances received by the instrument Cheng Dezhen in the step (5) n Drawing a relation diagram of measured amplitude values of different distances and the arrangement distances of the corresponding 3-C detectors, and performing linear fitting to obtain a function formula of the measured amplitude values and the distances;
(7) Calculating the actual measurement amplitude V at the center of the dynamic compaction point according to the fitted formula in the step (6) 0 And is combined with the ramming energy level T at the center of the dynamic compaction point 0 Measured amplitude V of different distances n The dynamic compaction vibration influence energy level T at different distances is calculated according to the following formula n :
(8) And (3) repeating the steps (4) to (7) in the same tamping pit, and sequentially performing the second time to the Nth time of tamping to finish the measurement work of the dynamic compaction earthquake shear wave of the tamping energy each time.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: in the step (2), three steel rings are welded on the side surface of the rammer in an equal division manner according to an included angle of 120 degrees, and carbon fiber hoses connected to the three steel rings are connected, wherein one length is smaller than the other two hoses; the triangular steel plates are equilateral triangles, one end of each triangular steel plate is higher than the other two ends, and an included angle of 10-30 degrees exists between each triangular steel plate and the plane where the bottom surface of the rammer is located.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: and (3) wrapping the carbon fiber hose outside the third cable within a range of at least 10m from the joint with the triangular steel plate.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the function formula of the measured amplitude V and the distance S obtained in the step (6) is as follows:
V＝aS+b
wherein: v-measured amplitude; detection distance of S-3-C detector
a. b-fitting constant.
According to the detection mechanism, the distance and arrangement range of the detectors can be flexibly adjusted according to the size of the ramming energy and the difference of soil layers, the number of the detectors can be changed to adjust the measurement precision, and the reliability of data is improved. The triggering mechanism is connected or wrapped by the carbon fiber hose around the boundary between the rammer and the rammer pit, the carbon fiber has high tensile strength and high flexibility, the cable is prevented from being broken or crushed at equal pressure when the rammer falls into the rammer pit, the triggering mechanism cannot trigger or poor contact, and meanwhile, the carbon fiber has the advantages of green and environment protection compared with other hoses, and the carbon fiber meets the policy requirements of corresponding green construction.
The triggering mechanism comprises a triangular steel plate and three carbon fiber hoses, wherein the triangular steel plate is connected and suspended through the three carbon fiber hoses, and the length of the hoses is adjusted according to the size of the rammer, so that the regular triangular steel plate and the horizontal direction form a certain included angle to incline, the steel plate can not be completely buried by soil and gravel in a rammer pit on one hand, and soil on the upper surface of the steel plate can naturally slide down when the rammer is lifted up on the other hand, so that current can smoothly flow when the triangular steel plate and the rammer are contacted; meanwhile, the steel plate is guaranteed to be in quick single-point contact with the rammer, a single signal is quickly generated, and the phenomenon that the steel plate is in multi-point contact with the rammer, the generated signals are multiple and mixed unordered is avoided.
The invention has simple integral structure and convenient measurement, can intuitively judge the influence range of dynamic compaction according to the magnitude of the shear wave energy, and can generate the grade of harm to the built buildings in the range; compared with the existing method for measuring the seismic shear wave, the method has the advantages of low difficulty, short time, low cost and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a test device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional top view of a triangular steel plate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of measured seismic shear wave versus distance for a first impact at a certain energy level in an example;
FIG. 5 is a graph of measured seismic shear wave versus distance for six impacts at a certain energy level in an example.
In the figure: 1-engineering seismometer, 2-signal cable, 3-C detector, 4-hose, 5-ram, 6-steel anchor, 7-triangle steel plate, 8-third cable, 9-second cable, 10-first steel ring, 11-ram pit, 12-second steel ring.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples. The drawings are drawings of embodiments, which are presented in a simplified manner, and serve only to clearly and briefly illustrate embodiments of the present invention. The following technical solutions presented in the drawings are specific to embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the directions or positional relationships conventionally put in place when the inventive product is used, or the directions or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The embodiment provides a measuring device of dynamic compaction earthquake shear waves, which is shown in fig. 1 to 2, and comprises an engineering seismograph 1, a detection mechanism and a triggering mechanism; the detection mechanism comprises a signal cable 2 and more than five 3-C detectors 3 which are equidistantly arranged on the ground at a fixed distance of 5-20 m from a seismic source, the tip of each detector 3 is inserted into 50mm below the ground, and the round end of each detector 3 is connected with a signal input interface of the engineering seismograph 1 after the signal cable 2 sequentially connects the round ends of the detectors; the triggering mechanism comprises a triangular steel plate 7 positioned below the rammer 5 and a steel anchor 6 welded on the upper surface of the rammer 5, wherein the steel anchor 6 is welded in the middle of the radius of the rammer 5, and the steel anchor 6 is connected with a signal triggering interface of the engineering seismograph 1 through a second cable 9; the triangular steel plate 7 is connected with the rammer 5 through the hose 4, an inclined included angle of 10-60 degrees exists between the triangular steel plate 7 and the plane where the bottom surface of the rammer 5 is located after the triangular steel plate 7 is connected with the rammer 5, the triangular steel plate 7 is connected with a signal triggering interface of the engineering seismograph 1 through a third cable 8, and a carbon fiber hose is wrapped at a position, at least 10m away from the connecting position of the third cable 8 and the triangular steel plate 7. The length of the third cable 8 and the second cable 9 is greater than the sum of the length of the engineering seismograph 1 from the tamping pit 11 and the tamping height of the tamping hammer 5.
The diameter of the rammer 5 in the embodiment is 2500mm, the triangular steel plate 7 is an equilateral triangular steel plate with the side length of 500mm and the thickness of 50mm, a second steel ring 12 is welded at each vertex angle part of the triangular steel plate 7, the triangular steel plate 7 is connected with the rammer 5 through three hoses 4, one of the three hoses 4 is shorter than the other two hoses, the short hose is 2650mm long, and the long hose is 3000mm long; three first steel rings 10 are welded on the side surface of the rammer 5, the three first steel rings 10 are distributed on the side surface of the rammer 5 at intervals of 120 degrees, one ends of three hoses 4 are respectively wound on three second steel rings 12, the other ends of the three hoses are wound on the corresponding first steel rings 10, one vertex angle of the triangular steel plates 7 is lifted upwards after connection, a 10-degree inclined included angle exists between the triangular steel plates 7 and the plane where the bottom surface of the rammer 5 is located, and a third cable 8 is connected to the lifted end of the triangular steel plates 7.
The method for measuring dynamic compaction seismic shear waves of the invention is further described in the following specific construction process, wherein the impact energy in the embodiment is 6000kN.m, and the specific measurement steps are as follows:
(1) Five 3-C detectors are equidistantly arranged on the ground from a seismic source at a fixed distance of 5-20 m to form a combined detector, the tip of each 3-C detector is inserted 50mm below the ground and is sequentially connected with the round end of each detector by using a signal cable, and finally the signal cable is connected to a signal input interface of an engineering seismometer;
(2) Welding a steel anchor on the top surface of the rammer, equally welding three first steel rings on the side surface of the rammer at 120 DEG intervals, and winding and connecting a carbon fiber hose on each first steel ring; the three corners of an equilateral triangle steel plate with the side length of 500mm and the thickness of 50mm are respectively welded with a second steel ring, the other ends of three carbon fiber hoses connected to the side face of the rammer are respectively connected to the vertex angle parts of the triangle steel plate 7, one end of the connected triangle steel plate is higher than the other two ends, and an included angle of 10 degrees exists between the connected triangle steel plate and the plane where the bottom face of the rammer is located;
(3) Connecting the steel anchor and the higher end corner of the triangular steel plate with a signal triggering interface of the engineering seismograph through a second cable and a third cable respectively, and wrapping a carbon fiber hose outside the third cable within a range of 10m from the joint of the steel anchor and the triangular steel plate; the lengths of the second cable and the third cable are larger than the sum of the length of the engineering seismograph from the tamping pit and the tamping height of the tamping hammer;
(4) The rammer falls down at the ramming height in the step (3) according to the ramming energy level of 6000kN.m, the rammer is rammed to the rammer pit, the first ramming work is completed, and the rammer contacts with the triangular steel plate in the ramming process, so that the triggering mechanism is communicated;
(5) The engineering seismograph receives signals after the triggering mechanism is communicated, so that the detection mechanism starts to work, the 3-C detectors with different distances start to receive stratum shear wave types, convert the stratum shear wave types into electric signals, and return to the engineering seismograph to obtain shear wave energy with different distances, namely, the actual measurement amplitude V of measuring points with different distances n The collected measured amplitude data for the five detectors under the first ramming condition at a ramming energy of 6000kN.m are shown in Table 1;
(6) According to the measured amplitude V of different distances received by the instrument Cheng Dezhen in the step (5) n Drawing a relation diagram of measured amplitude values of different distances and the arrangement distances of the corresponding 3-C detectors, as shown in fig. 4, and performing linear fitting on the relation diagram to obtain a function formula of the measured amplitude value V and the distance S, wherein the function formula is as follows:
V＝aS+b
wherein: v-measured amplitude; detection distance of S-3-C detector
a. b-fitting constant;
after linear fitting in fig. 4, a= -3520.4, b= 179151, correlation coefficient R is obtained 2 ＝0.9751；
(7) And calculating the actual measurement amplitude V of S=0 at the center of the dynamic compaction point according to the fitted formula in the step (6) 0 = 179151; and combining the dynamic compaction construction energy level T at the position of the dynamic compaction point center S=0 0 =6000 kn.m, measured amplitude V of different distances n The dynamic compaction vibration influence energy level T at different distances is calculated according to the following formula n :
Such as
According to the formula, the energy levels of the dynamic compaction vibration influence at different distances of the first impact of the dynamic compaction are calculated in sequence, and the details are shown in the table 1:
table 1 shows the measured amplitude values of five detectors and the corresponding energy levels of dynamic compaction vibration
| Sequence number of |
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Distance (m) of detector from the center of |
0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 |
| |
179151 | 149199 | 110193 | 66015 | 28025 | 14264 |
| Dynamic compaction vibration influencing energy level T n (kN.m) | 6000 | 4997 | 3691 | 2211 | 939 | 478 |
；
(8) Repeating the steps (4) to (7) in the same tamping pit for the second time to the sixth time in sequence to finish the measurement work of the dynamic compaction seismic shear wave of the tamping energy each time, wherein the measured amplitude data of five detectors for the six times of tamping are shown in a table 2, and the energy level data of the dynamic compaction vibration at different distances under the six times of tamping are shown in a table 3;
table 2 measured amplitude data for five detectors for six ramming
TABLE 3 dynamic compaction vibration influence energy level data at different distances under six impacts
On the other hand, a diagram of the vibration speed of the seismic shear wave under six ramming and the distance is drawn, and the diagram is shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from fig. 5, the closer the vibration distance is, the larger the measured shear wave signal value is, and as the distance is increased, the shear wave signal value is decreased, and each signal is significantly attenuated according to the distance, and the "industrial and commercial building safety allowable vibration speed is 2.5cm/s to 5cm/s" according to the explosion safety regulations (GB 6722-2014). As can be seen from FIG. 4, the vibration velocity is 2.51cm/s to 3.27cm/s at a distance of 30m from the vibration source, and the vibration safety allowable range is within; outside the range of 40m from the vibration source point, the vibration speed of the seismic wave is less than 2.5cm/s, the maximum vibration speed is 1.57cm/s, the vibration feeling is slight, the energy level dynamic compaction of 6000kN.m is basically free from influencing surrounding buildings, the influence condition on the surrounding in the dynamic compaction process can be directly judged through the measurement result, after the measurement of the compaction point is completed, the compactor can be moved to the next compaction position to carry out the next compaction energy measurement work according to the same steps, and the method is simple and convenient.
The measuring device of the present invention may be used for measurement in a dynamic compaction test, or may be used for measurement directly during construction. The method aims at a concrete project without any experience and foundation in the early stage, can be used in the dynamic compaction test by first carrying out the dynamic compaction test, and can be directly measured in the construction process for the construction project with experience and foundation.
In view of the foregoing, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and other embodiments can be easily proposed by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical teaching of the present invention, but such embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A measuring device of dynamic compaction earthquake shear wave is characterized in that: the device comprises an engineering seismograph (1), a detection mechanism and a triggering mechanism; the detection mechanism comprises a signal cable (2) and at least three 3-C detectors (3) which are equidistantly arranged on the ground at a fixed distance of 5-20 m from a seismic source, the tip of each detector (3) is inserted into the ground, and the signal cable (2) is used for connecting the round end of each detector (3) in sequence and then connecting the round end of each detector with a signal input interface of the engineering seismograph (1); the triggering mechanism comprises a triangular steel plate (7) positioned below the rammer (5) and a steel anchor (6) welded on the upper surface of the rammer (5), and the steel anchor (6) is connected with a signal triggering interface of the engineering seismograph (1) through a second cable (9); the triangular steel plate (7) is connected with the rammer (5) through a hose (4), and after the connection, an inclined included angle of 10-60 degrees exists between the triangular steel plate (7) and a plane where the bottom surface of the rammer (5) is located, and the triangular steel plate (7) is connected with a signal triggering interface of the engineering seismograph (1) through a third cable (8).
2. The dynamic compaction seismic shear wave measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the triangular steel plate (7) is connected with the rammer (5) through three carbon fiber hoses (4), three first steel rings (10) are welded on the side face of the rammer (5), the three carbon fiber hoses (4) are respectively fixedly connected to three top angles of the triangular steel plate (7), the other ends of the three carbon fiber hoses are respectively connected to the three first steel rings (10), one top angle of the triangular steel plate (7) is lifted upwards after connection to enable an inclined included angle of 10-60 degrees to exist between the triangular steel plate (7) and a plane where the bottom face of the rammer (5) is located, and a third cable (8) is connected to one end of the triangular steel plate (7) which is lifted.
3. The measuring device for dynamic compaction seismic shear waves according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: and a carbon fiber hose is wrapped at a distance of at least 10m between the connection part of the third cable (8) and the triangular steel plate (7).
4. The dynamic compaction seismic shear wave measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the lengths of the third cable (8) and the second cable (9) are larger than the sum of the length of the engineering seismograph (1) from the tamping pit (11) and the tamping height of the tamping hammer (5).
5. The dynamic compaction seismic shear wave measuring device according to claim 2, wherein: the triangular steel plates (7) are equilateral triangles, a second steel ring (12) is welded at each vertex angle part of the triangular steel plates (7), one end of each of the three carbon fiber hoses (4) is respectively wound on the three second steel rings (12), and the other end is wound on the corresponding first steel ring (10); the three first steel rings (10) are distributed on the side face of the rammer (5) at intervals of 120 degrees, one of the three carbon fiber hoses (4) is shorter than the other two, and after the first steel rings (10) are connected, one end, connected with the shorter carbon fiber hose, of the triangular steel plate (7) is lifted upwards, and an inclined included angle of 10-30 degrees exists between the triangular steel plate (7) and the plane where the bottom face of the rammer (5) is located.
6. A method for measuring dynamic compaction seismic shear waves is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) At least three 3-C detectors are equidistantly arranged at a fixed distance of 5-20 m from a seismic source on the ground to form a combined detector, the tip of each 3-C detector is inserted into the ground, the tip of each 3-C detector is sequentially connected with the round end of each detector by using a signal cable, and finally the signal cable is connected to a signal input interface of an engineering seismograph;
(2) Welding a steel anchor on the top surface of the rammer, connecting three steel rings on the side surface of the rammer, winding and connecting a carbon fiber hose on each steel ring, respectively welding one steel ring at three corners of a triangular steel plate, respectively connecting the other ends of the three carbon fiber hoses connected to the side surface of the rammer to the vertex angle part of the triangular steel plate, wherein one end of the connected triangular steel plate is higher than the other two ends, and an included angle of 10-60 degrees exists between the connected triangular steel plate and a plane where the bottom surface of the rammer is located;
(3) Connecting the higher end angles of the steel anchor and the triangular steel plate with a signal trigger interface of the engineering seismograph through a second cable and a third cable respectively, wherein the lengths of the second cable and the third cable are larger than the sum of the length of the engineering seismograph from the tamping pit and the tamping height of the tamping hammer;
(4) Ramming the rammer to a ramming energy level T 0 According to the step (3), the tamping height falls down, the tamping pit is tamped, the first tamping operation is completed, and the tamping hammer is contacted with the triangular steel plate in the tamping process, so that the triggering mechanism is communicated;
(5) The engineering seismograph receives signals after the triggering mechanism is communicated, so that the detection mechanism starts to work, the 3-C detectors with different distances start to receive stratum shear wave types, convert the stratum shear wave types into electric signals, and return to the engineering seismograph to obtain shear wave energy with different distances, namely, the actual measurement amplitude V of measuring points with different distances n ；
(6) According to the measured amplitude V of different distances received by the instrument Cheng Dezhen in the step (5) n Drawing a relation diagram of measured amplitude values of different distances and the arrangement distances of the corresponding 3-C detectors, and performing linear fitting to obtain a function formula of the measured amplitude values and the distances;
(7) Calculating the actual measurement amplitude V at the center of the dynamic compaction point according to the fitted formula in the step (6) 0 And is combined with the ramming energy level T at the center of the dynamic compaction point 0 Measured amplitude V of different distances n According to the following formulaCalculating the energy level T of dynamic compaction vibration influence at different distances n :
(8) And (3) repeating the steps (4) to (7) in the same tamping pit, and sequentially performing the second time to the Nth time of tamping to finish the measurement work of the dynamic compaction earthquake shear wave of the tamping energy each time.
7. The method for measuring dynamic compaction seismic shear waves according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step (2), three steel rings are welded on the side surface of the rammer in an equal division manner according to an included angle of 120 degrees, and carbon fiber hoses connected to the three steel rings are connected, wherein one length is smaller than the other two hoses; the triangular steel plates are equilateral triangles, one end of each triangular steel plate is higher than the other two ends, and an included angle of 10-30 degrees exists between each triangular steel plate and the plane where the bottom surface of the rammer is located.
8. The method for measuring dynamic compaction seismic shear waves according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and (3) wrapping the carbon fiber hose outside the third cable within a range of at least 10m from the joint with the triangular steel plate.
9. The method for measuring dynamic compaction seismic shear waves according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the function formula of the measured amplitude V and the distance S obtained in the step (6) is as follows:
V＝aS+b
wherein: v-measured amplitude; detection distance of S-3-C detector
a. b-fitting constant.
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