CN216118037U - Device for measuring dynamic compaction earthquake shear wave in dynamic compaction process - Google Patents
Device for measuring dynamic compaction earthquake shear wave in dynamic compaction process Download PDFInfo
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- CN216118037U CN216118037U CN202122545929.0U CN202122545929U CN216118037U CN 216118037 U CN216118037 U CN 216118037U CN 202122545929 U CN202122545929 U CN 202122545929U CN 216118037 U CN216118037 U CN 216118037U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a device for measuring dynamic compaction earthquake shear waves in a dynamic compaction process. The measuring device comprises an engineering seismometer, a wave detection mechanism and a trigger mechanism; the wave detection mechanism comprises a signal cable and a plurality of wave detectors distributed on the ground at certain intervals from a seismic source, the tip end of each wave detector is inserted into the ground, and the signal cable connects the round end of each wave detector in sequence and then is connected with a signal input interface of the engineering seismometer; the triggering mechanism comprises a triangular steel plate suspended below the rammer and a steel anchor welded on the upper surface of the rammer, and the triangular steel plate and the steel anchor are respectively connected with a signal triggering interface of the engineering seismograph through a second cable and a third cable; the length of the second cable and the third cable is greater than the sum of the length of the engineering seismometer from the tamping pit and the tamping height of the rammer. The dynamic compaction device is simple in structure and convenient to use, and the influence range of dynamic compaction can be judged visually according to the magnitude of shear wave energy.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of foundation engineering, foundation treatment construction methods and technologies, in particular to a device for measuring dynamic compaction earthquake shear waves in a dynamic compaction process.
Background
The dynamic compaction construction is mainly used for improving the bearing capacity of a foundation, is mainly used in the building industry, is widely applied to construction projects and sea filling projects, and is characterized in that high impact energy generated by the high fall of a heavy hammer body is utilized to strongly extrude materials with better performance, such as broken stones, rubbles, slag and the like into the foundation to form a series of aggregate pier composite foundations in the foundation so as to improve the bearing capacity of the foundation and reduce settlement. The construction generally adopts a crawler crane with an automatic unhooking device to lift the rammer.
In the dynamic compaction construction process, when the heavy pound rammer is unhooked and falls down in a free-falling body strength manner, strong impact force and shear wave can be generated on the ground, and influence is generated on nearby buildings within a certain range, and the buildings can be settled or even collapsed in the long-time ramming process, so that certain danger is generated. At present, the influence distance in the horizontal direction of dynamic compaction construction does not have a specified theoretical formula, most designs are judged only by experience, so that the construction safety is uncertain, partial sites are detected during construction, and huge economic loss is caused when the dynamic compaction construction is cancelled after potential safety hazards are found.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the problem of influence range in the horizontal direction in the existing dynamic compaction construction process, and provides a device for measuring the seismic shear wave of the dynamic compaction in the dynamic compaction process.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the utility model provides a device for measuring dynamic compaction earthquake shear waves in the dynamic compaction process, which comprises an engineering seismograph, a wave detection mechanism and a trigger mechanism; the wave detection mechanism comprises a signal cable and a plurality of wave detectors distributed on the ground at certain intervals from a seismic source, the tip end of each wave detector is inserted into the ground, and the signal cable connects the round end of each wave detector in sequence and then is connected with a signal input interface of the engineering seismometer; the triggering mechanism comprises a triangular steel plate suspended below the rammer and a steel anchor welded on the upper surface of the rammer, and the triangular steel plate and the steel anchor are respectively connected with a signal triggering interface of the engineering seismograph through a second cable and a third cable; the length of the second cable and the third cable is greater than the sum of the length of the engineering seismometer from the tamping pit and the tamping height of the rammer.
The utility model has the following excellent technical scheme: the detectors are 3-C detectors, at least three detectors are arranged, and the detectors are equidistantly arranged at fixed distances of 5-20 m; each geophone tip is inserted 50mm below the ground.
The utility model has the following excellent technical scheme: the triangular steel plate is an equilateral triangular steel plate, the thickness of the equilateral triangular steel plate is 40-50 mm, the equilateral triangular steel plate is suspended at the bottom of the rammer through three first carbon fiber hoses, an inclined included angle of 10-60 degrees is formed between one vertex angle of the triangular steel plate and the plane where the bottom surface of the rammer is located, and the third cable is connected to one raised end of the triangular steel plate.
The utility model has the following excellent technical scheme: and a second carbon fiber hose is wrapped at the connecting part of the third cable and the triangular steel plate at least 10m away.
The utility model has the following excellent technical scheme: three first steel rings are welded on the side face of the rammer, and the three first steel rings are distributed on the side face of the rammer at intervals of 120 degrees; and a second steel ring is welded at each vertex angle part of the triangular steel plate, one end of each of the three first carbon fiber hoses is wound on the three second steel rings, and the other end of each of the three first carbon fiber hoses is wound on the corresponding first steel ring.
The utility model has the following excellent technical scheme: one of the three first carbon fiber hoses is shorter than the other two carbon fiber hoses, and after the three first carbon fiber hoses are connected with the first steel ring, one end of the triangular steel plate, which is connected with the shorter carbon fiber hose, is lifted upwards.
The detection mechanism can flexibly adjust the distance and the arrangement range of the detectors according to different ramming energy sizes and soil layers, and can also change the number of the detectors to adjust the measurement precision and increase the reliability of data. Trigger mechanism all adopts carbon fiber hose to connect or wrap up around rammer and rammer pit juncture, and the carbon fiber has high tensile strength and high flexibility, can prevent that the rammer from pressing the cable etc. to break or crushing when falling into the rammer pit, leads to unable triggering or contact failure, and carbon fiber has green's advantage, the policy requirement of corresponding green construction in comparison with other hoses simultaneously.
The trigger mechanism comprises a triangular steel plate and three carbon fiber hoses, wherein the triangular steel plate is connected with and suspended by the three carbon fiber hoses, and the length of the hose is adjusted according to the size of the rammer, so that the regular triangular steel plate is inclined at a certain included angle with the horizontal direction, on one hand, the steel plate can not be completely buried by soil and gravel in a rammer pit, and on the other hand, when the rammer is lifted up, soil on the upper surface of the steel plate can naturally slide down, so that the current can smoothly flow when the steel plate is contacted with the rammer pit; meanwhile, the steel plate is in quick single-point contact with the rammer, a single signal is quickly generated, and the steel plate is prevented from being in multi-point contact with the rammer, and the generated signals are mixed disorderly.
The dynamic compaction; compared with the existing method for measuring the seismic shear wave, the method has the advantages of low difficulty, short time, low cost and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional top view of a triangular steel plate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the first impact of the measured seismic shear wave versus distance at a certain energy level in the example;
FIG. 5 is a graph of measured seismic shear wave versus distance for six tamping events at a certain energy level in an example.
In the figure: the seismic detector comprises the following components, by weight, 1-an engineering seismograph, 2-a signal cable, 3-C geophones, 4-a first carbon fiber hose, 5-a rammer, 6-a steel anchor, 7-a triangular steel plate, 8-a third cable, 800-a second carbon fiber hose, 9-a second cable, 10-a first steel ring, 11-a ramming pit and 12-a second steel ring.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further illustrated by the following figures and examples. The drawings are for purposes of illustrating embodiments of the utility model in a simplified manner and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the utility model to the precise forms disclosed. The following claims presented in the drawings are specific to embodiments of the utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "left", "right", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, or the orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, and are used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The embodiment provides a device for measuring dynamic compaction earthquake shear waves in a dynamic compaction process, which comprises an engineering seismometer 1, a wave detection mechanism and a trigger mechanism, as shown in figures 1 to 2; the wave detection mechanism comprises a signal cable 2 and more than five 3-C wave detectors 3 which are equidistantly arranged on the ground at a fixed distance of 5-20 m from a seismic source, the tip of each wave detector 3 is inserted into the ground by 50mm, and the signal cable 2 is used for connecting the round end of each wave detector 3 in sequence and then is connected with a signal input interface of the engineering seismometer 1; the triggering mechanism comprises a triangular steel plate 7 positioned below the rammer 5 and a steel anchor 6 welded on the upper surface of the rammer 5, the steel anchor 6 is welded in the middle of the radius of the rammer 5, and the steel anchor 6 is connected with a signal triggering interface of the engineering seismograph 1 through a second cable 9; the triangular steel plate 7 is connected with the rammer 5 through the first carbon fiber hose 4, after the triangular steel plate 7 is connected with the rammer 5, an inclined included angle of 10-60 degrees exists between planes where the bottom surfaces of the triangular steel plate 7 and the rammer 5 are located, the triangular steel plate 7 is connected with a signal trigger interface of the engineering seismograph 1 through a third cable 8, and a second carbon fiber hose 800 is wrapped at a connecting part of the third cable 8 and the triangular steel plate 7 by a distance of at least 10 m. The length of the third cable 8 and the second cable 9 is larger than the sum of the length of the engineering seismograph 1 from the tamping pit 11 and the tamping height of the tamping hammer 5.
In the embodiment, the diameter of the rammer 5 is 2500mm, the triangular steel plate 7 is an equilateral triangular steel plate with the side length of 500mm and the thickness of 50mm, a second steel ring 12 is welded at each vertex angle part of the triangular steel plate 7, the triangular steel plate 7 is connected with the rammer 5 through three first carbon fiber hoses 4, one of the three first carbon fiber hoses 4 is shorter than the other two, the short hose is 2650mm long, and the long hose is 3000mm long; three first steel ring 10 of side welding at rammer 5, three first steel ring 10 interval 120 distributes in the side of rammer 5, wherein one end of three first carbon fiber hose 4 twines respectively at three second steel ring 12, the other end twines on corresponding first steel ring 10, and connect one of them apex angle of back triangle-shaped steel sheet 7 and upwards lift up and make and have 10 slope contained angles between the plane at triangle-shaped steel sheet 7 and rammer 5 bottom surface place, the one end of lifting is connected at triangle-shaped steel sheet 7 to third cable 8.
The method for measuring the dynamic compaction seismic shear wave is further explained in the following concrete construction process, wherein the compaction energy in the embodiment is 6000kN.m, and the concrete measurement steps are as follows:
(1) arranging five 3-C detectors at a fixed distance of 5-20 m at equal intervals on the ground from a seismic source to form a combined detector, inserting the tip of each 3-C detector into the ground by 50mm, connecting the tip of each detector with the round end of each detector in sequence by using a signal cable, and finally connecting the detector to a signal input interface of an engineering seismometer;
(2) welding a steel anchor on the top surface of the rammer, welding three first steel rings on the side surface of the rammer at intervals of 120 degrees, and winding and connecting a first carbon fiber hose on each first steel ring; respectively welding a second steel ring at three corners of an equilateral triangle steel plate with the side length of 500mm and the thickness of 50mm, respectively connecting the other ends of three first carbon fiber hoses connected to the side surface of the rammer to the vertex angle of the triangle steel plate 7, wherein one end of the connected triangle steel plate is higher than the other two ends, and a 10-degree included angle is formed between the connected triangle steel plate and the plane where the bottom surface of the rammer is located;
(3) connecting the steel anchor and the higher end corner of the triangular steel plate with a signal trigger interface of an engineering seismograph through a second cable and a third cable respectively, and wrapping a second carbon fiber hose outside the third cable within a range of 10m from the connection part with the triangular steel plate; the length of the second cable and the third cable is greater than the sum of the length of the engineering seismometer from the tamping pit and the tamping height of the tamping hammer;
(4) dropping the rammer at a ramming level of 6000kN.m according to the ramming height in the step (3), ramming the rammer to a ramming pit to finish the first ramming work, and enabling the rammer to be in contact with the triangular steel plate in the ramming process so as to enable the trigger mechanism to be communicated;
(5) the engineering seismograph receives signals after the trigger mechanism is communicated, so that the detection mechanism starts to work, the 3-C detectors with different distances start to receive the model of the stratum shear wave, convert the model into electric signals, return to the engineering seismograph to obtain shear wave energy with different distances, namely the measured amplitude V of the measured points with different distancesnCollected 6000kN.m rammingThe measured amplitude data of five detectors under the condition of first tamping is shown in table 1;
(6) according to the actually measured amplitude V of different distances received by the engineering seismograph in the step (5)nDrawing a relation graph of the actually measured amplitude values at different distances and the arrangement distances of the corresponding 3-C detectors, as shown in FIG. 4, and performing linear fitting on the relation graph to obtain a function formula of the actually measured amplitude values V and the distances S as follows:
V＝aS+b
wherein: v is the measured amplitude; detection distance of S-3-C detector
a. b-fitting constant;
after linear fitting in fig. 4, a-3520.4 and b-179151 are obtained, and the correlation coefficient R is obtained2＝0.9751；
(7) And (4) calculating the actually measured amplitude V of the center of the dynamic compaction point, namely S-0, according to the formula fitted in the step (6)0179151; and combining with the dynamic compaction construction energy level T at the position where the dynamic compaction point center S is equal to 006000kN. m, and measured amplitudes V at different distancesnCalculating the dynamic compaction vibration influence energy level T at different distances according to the following formulan:
Such as
According to the formula, the dynamic compaction vibration influence energy levels at different distances of the first dynamic compaction are calculated in sequence, and the detailed energy levels are shown in table 1:
table 1 shows the measured amplitudes of five detector instruments and the corresponding dynamic compaction vibration influence energy levels
| Number of |
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Distance (m) from detector to center of rammed |
0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 |
| Measured |
179151 | 149199 | 110193 | 66015 | 28025 | 14264 |
| Dynamic compaction vibration influence energy level Tn(kN.m) | 6000 | 4997 | 3691 | 2211 | 939 | 478 |
；
(8) Repeating the steps (4) to (7) in the same ramming pit, sequentially carrying out second ramming to sixth ramming to finish the measurement work of the dynamic compaction seismic shear wave of each time of the ramming energy, wherein the measured amplitude data of five detectors subjected to the six times of ramming are shown in a table 2, and the dynamic compaction vibration influence energy level data at different distances under the six times of ramming are shown in a table 3;
TABLE 2 measured amplitude data for five detectors with six tamping strokes
TABLE 3 data of dynamic compaction vibration influence energy levels at different distances under six times of compaction
On the other hand, a graph of the vibration speed of the seismic shear wave and the distance under six tamping strokes is drawn, and the graph is shown in detail in FIG. 5. As can be seen from fig. 5, the closer the vibration distance is, the greater the measured shear wave signal value is, the greater the distance is, the smaller the shear wave signal value is, and the more significant the attenuation of each signal according to the distance is, and the "safe allowable vibration speed for industrial and commercial buildings" according to the "safe allowable vibration speed for blasting vibration" in the blasting safety regulations (GB6722-2014) is 2.5cm/s to 5 cm/s. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the vibration velocity at 30m from the seismic source is 2.51cm/s to 3.27cm/s, within the allowable range of vibration safety; the vibration velocity of seismic waves is less than 2.5cm/s and the maximum vibration velocity is 1.57cm/s outside the range of 40m from the seismic source point, the vibration sense is slight, 6000kN.m energy level dynamic compaction has no influence on surrounding buildings basically, the influence condition on the surroundings in the dynamic compaction process can be judged directly through a measuring result, and after the measuring of the compaction point is completed, the compactor can be moved to the next compaction position to carry out the measuring work of the next compaction energy according to the same steps, so that the method is simple and convenient.
In summary, the disclosure of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and persons skilled in the art can easily set forth other embodiments within the technical teaching of the present invention, but such embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A device for measuring dynamic compaction earthquake shear wave in the dynamic compaction process is characterized in that: the device comprises an engineering seismograph (1), a detection mechanism and a trigger mechanism; the wave detection mechanism comprises a signal cable (2) and a plurality of wave detectors (3) distributed on the ground at certain intervals from a seismic source, the tip end of each wave detector (3) is inserted into the ground, and the signal cable (2) connects the round end of each wave detector (3) in sequence and then is connected with a signal input interface of the engineering seismograph (1); the trigger mechanism comprises a triangular steel plate (7) suspended below the rammer (5) and a steel anchor (6) welded on the upper surface of the rammer (5), and the triangular steel plate (7) and the steel anchor (6) are respectively connected with a signal trigger interface of the engineering seismograph (1) through a second cable (9) and a third cable (8); the length of the second cable (9) and the third cable (8) is larger than the sum of the length of the engineering seismograph (1) from the tamping pit (11) and the tamping height of the tamping hammer (5).
2. The apparatus for determining dynamic compaction seismic shear waves during dynamic compaction of claim 1, wherein: the detectors (3) are at least three 3-C detectors and are equidistantly arranged at fixed distances of 5-20 m; the tip of each detector (3) is inserted 50mm below the ground.
3. An apparatus for determining dynamic compaction seismic shear waves during dynamic compaction according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: triangle-shaped steel sheet (7) are equilateral triangle-shaped steel sheet, and its thickness is 40 ~ 50mm, suspends in midair in rammer (5) bottom through three first carbon fiber hose (4), and one of them apex angle of triangle-shaped steel sheet (7) upwards and with rammer (5) bottom surface place between have 10 ~ 60 slope contained angles, third cable (8) are connected in the one end that triangle-shaped steel sheet (7) were raised.
4. An apparatus for determining dynamic compaction seismic shear waves during dynamic compaction according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: and a second carbon fiber hose (800) is wrapped at the connecting part of the third cable (8) and the triangular steel plate (7) at least 10m away.
5. The apparatus of claim 3 for determining dynamic compaction seismic shear waves during dynamic compaction, wherein: three first steel rings (10) are welded on the side surface of the rammer (5), and the three first steel rings (10) are distributed on the side surface of the rammer (5) at intervals of 120 degrees; a second steel ring (12) is welded at each vertex angle part of the triangular steel plate (7), one end of each of the three first carbon fiber hoses (4) is wound on the three second steel rings (12) respectively, and the other end of each of the three first carbon fiber hoses is wound on the corresponding first steel ring (10).
6. The apparatus of claim 3 for determining dynamic compaction seismic shear waves during dynamic compaction, wherein: one of the three first carbon fiber hoses (4) is shorter than the other two carbon fiber hoses, and after the first steel ring (10) is connected, one end of the triangular steel plate (7) connected with the shorter carbon fiber hose is lifted upwards.
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