CN114035058A - Low-temperature lithium battery test system and method - Google Patents
Low-temperature lithium battery test system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114035058A CN114035058A CN202111577714.5A CN202111577714A CN114035058A CN 114035058 A CN114035058 A CN 114035058A CN 202111577714 A CN202111577714 A CN 202111577714A CN 114035058 A CN114035058 A CN 114035058A
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000157 electrochemical-induced impedance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001453 impedance spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241001025261 Neoraja caerulea Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature lithium battery test system and a method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: testing the normal temperature performance of the lithium battery; performing low-temperature charge and discharge tests on the lithium battery, performing low-temperature storage tests on the lithium battery, and performing low-temperature cycle life tests on the lithium battery; carrying out low-temperature electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test on the lithium battery: respectively carrying out a direct current impedance test and an alternating current impedance test within the effective low-temperature range of the battery; and analyzing the low-temperature failure reason of the lithium battery. The method can judge the limit service temperature of the lithium battery under the low-temperature condition, and analyze and effectively improve the cycle life and the service performance of the low-temperature battery. The invention adopts low temperature test, considers the factors under natural conditions, more intuitively compares the performance difference under different temperature conditions, and has certain application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery testing, in particular to a low-temperature lithium battery testing system and method.
Background
The severe cold regions have higher requirements on the tolerance temperature of the battery, especially the durability and the safety of the battery under the low temperature condition, and directly influence the long-term stable operation of the power equipment. The capacity of a power supply is easy to drop sharply at extremely low temperature, so that the charging and discharging curve is not matched with the design curve, the battery material is aged, the capacity attenuation is serious, the power output power is reduced and other consequences are caused, the failure rate of power supply equipment is increased, and the instability factor is brought to the operation and maintenance of a power transmission line. Therefore, how to design a method for testing and evaluating the performance of a lithium battery under a low temperature condition is an urgent problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-temperature lithium battery testing system and a low-temperature lithium battery testing method, which are used for judging the limit service temperature of a lithium battery under a low-temperature condition and analyzing and effectively improving the cycle life and service performance of the low-temperature battery.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a low temperature lithium battery test system, including:
the high-low temperature box is used for containing batteries and providing different temperature environments for battery testing;
the charging and discharging equipment is electrically connected with the battery and is used for providing charging power supplies and discharging devices with different multiplying powers for battery testing;
and the testing equipment is electrically connected with the battery and used for testing various performance parameters of the battery in the testing process.
The invention also provides a low-temperature lithium battery testing method, which utilizes the low-temperature lithium battery testing system to test, and comprises the following steps:
testing the normal temperature performance of the lithium battery at normal temperature;
performing low-temperature charge and discharge test on the lithium battery at the temperature below 0 ℃, and judging the lowest charge and discharge temperature;
performing low-temperature storage test on the lithium battery at the temperature below 0 ℃, and judging the lowest storage temperature range;
performing low-temperature cycle life test on the lithium battery at the temperature below 0 ℃;
performing low-temperature electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test on the lithium battery at the temperature below 0 ℃: respectively carrying out a direct current impedance test and an alternating current impedance test within the effective low-temperature range of the battery;
and analyzing the low-temperature failure reason of the lithium battery.
Optionally, the normal temperature performance test of the lithium battery at normal temperature specifically includes:
and placing the lithium battery in a room temperature environment of 25 +/-5 ℃ for carrying out charge-discharge test, cycle life test, electrochemical alternating current impedance spectrum test and direct current impedance spectrum test to obtain a room temperature performance test result.
Optionally, the low-temperature charge and discharge test is performed on the lithium battery at a temperature below 0 ℃, and the minimum charge and discharge temperature is determined, which specifically includes:
from 0 ℃ to-40 ℃, charge and discharge tests were performed every 5 ℃, and charge and discharge curves at different temperatures were observed:
and a charging test stage: under the condition of the same charging temperature, charging at multiplying power of 0.1C, 0.5C, 1C and 1.5C respectively, changing to constant voltage charging when the voltage of the lithium battery reaches the charging limiting voltage until the charging limiting voltage is ended, and finding out the lowest charging temperature of the lithium battery; and increasing the charging temperature by 1 ℃ every time on the basis of the lowest charging temperature, discharging the lithium battery, and testing whether the lithium battery is completely failed; if the charging temperature is not completely failed, on the basis of the measured lowest charging temperature, reducing the temperature change interval to 1 ℃, and finding out a specific failure temperature; if the battery completely fails, recording failure temperature, taking out the lithium battery, placing for 1-2 hours at room temperature under a preset light ray, visually observing the appearance of the battery, checking whether deformation and cracks occur, whether burrs exist on the surface, and whether the battery is dry, free of trauma and free of dirt, then disassembling the lithium battery, and analyzing specific failure reasons;
and (3) a discharge test stage: placing the lithium battery charged at room temperature at a discharging temperature for 1-2 h at a constant temperature, and then discharging to a termination voltage at the multiplying power of 0.1C, 0.5C, 1C and 1.5C respectively to find out the lowest discharging temperature of the lithium battery; and increasing the temperature by 1 ℃ every time on the basis of the lowest discharge temperature, recharging the lithium battery, and testing whether the lithium battery is completely failed; if the failure is not completed, on the basis of the measured lowest discharge temperature, reducing the temperature change interval to 1 ℃, and finding out a specific failure temperature; and if the lithium battery is completely failed, taking out the lithium battery, placing the lithium battery for 1-2 hours at room temperature under a preset light ray, visually observing the appearance of the battery, checking whether deformation and cracks occur, whether burrs exist on the surface, and whether the lithium battery is dry, free of trauma and free of dirt, then disassembling the lithium battery, and analyzing specific failure reasons.
Optionally, the low-temperature storage test is performed on the lithium battery at a temperature below 0 ℃, and the minimum storage temperature interval is determined, specifically including:
after the lithium battery is fully charged, the lithium battery is respectively placed in the temperature environments of 0 ℃, 5 ℃, 10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 35 ℃ and 40 ℃ for about 48 hours by adjusting the temperature of a high-low temperature box, and the lowest storage temperature interval is tested;
after the placement is finished, carrying out appearance detection on the lithium battery under the condition of preset light, visually observing the appearance of the battery, and checking whether deformation and cracks occur, whether burrs exist on the surface, and whether the battery is dry, free of trauma and free of dirt; and then, carrying out charge and discharge tests on the lithium battery at room temperature, checking the storage capacity of the lithium battery in different low-temperature environments, checking whether the lithium battery is invalid, recording the invalid temperature, disassembling the lithium battery, and analyzing the reasons of the invalid lithium battery after storage.
Optionally, the low-temperature cycle life test of the lithium battery at a temperature below 0 ℃ specifically includes:
installing a lithium battery in a high-low temperature box, and performing cycle life test on the lithium battery at a rate of 0.1C from 0 ℃ to 5 ℃ every time according to the lowest charge-discharge temperature to obtain cycle curves at different temperatures;
after the cycle life test is finished, under the condition of preset light, the appearance of the lithium battery is detected, whether deformation and cracks occur or not is checked through visual inspection of the appearance of the battery, whether burrs exist on the surface or not is dry or not, and whether trauma or not and pollution are avoided, the lithium battery is disassembled, and the internal condition of the lithium battery is checked.
Optionally, the low-temperature electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test is performed on the lithium battery at a temperature below 0 ℃: in the effective low temperature range of battery, carry out direct current impedance test and interchange impedance test respectively, specifically include:
and (3) installing the lithium battery in a high-low temperature box, and performing electrochemical alternating current impedance spectrum analysis and direct current impedance spectrum analysis on the lithium battery from 0 ℃ to 5 ℃ every time according to the lowest charge-discharge temperature to obtain impedance curves at different temperatures.
Optionally, the analyzing the reason for the low-temperature failure of the lithium battery specifically includes:
obtaining an explicit failure result through external condition observation;
the lithium battery is disassembled, auxiliary analysis is observed through SEM, XRD and the like, the internal failure reason is checked, and a recessive failure result is obtained.
And comparing failure reasons of the failed lithium batteries at different temperatures, and further obtaining the failure temperature and reason of the lithium ions at low temperature by observing the states of the pole pieces in the failed lithium batteries at different temperatures.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects: the low-temperature lithium battery testing system and method provided by the invention simulate the low-temperature condition in the natural environment by adopting a research method combining theoretical analysis and engineering practice, obtain the performance of the lithium battery under the low-temperature condition, analyze the reason of the influence on the performance of the lithium battery under the low temperature, and provide technical reference for improving the low-temperature performance of the lithium battery. Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts low-temperature test, considers the factors under natural conditions, more intuitively compares the performance difference under different temperature conditions, and has certain application value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature lithium battery test system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for testing a low-temperature lithium battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a low temperature charging test of a lithium battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a low-temperature discharge test of a lithium battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the low-temperature storage current measurement of the lithium battery in the invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the low temperature cycle life test of the lithium battery of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a low-temperature lithium battery testing system and a low-temperature lithium battery testing method, which are used for judging the limit service temperature of a lithium battery under a low-temperature condition and analyzing and effectively improving the cycle life and service performance of the low-temperature battery.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a low temperature lithium battery test system, which includes:
the high-low temperature box is used for containing batteries and providing different temperature environments for battery testing;
the charging and discharging equipment is electrically connected with the battery and is used for providing charging power supplies and discharging devices with different multiplying powers for battery testing;
and the testing equipment is electrically connected with the battery and used for testing various performance parameters of the battery in the testing process.
Example 2
The embodiment proposes to provide a method for testing a low-temperature lithium battery, the method utilizes the above-mentioned system for testing a low-temperature lithium battery to perform a test, as shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
(1) testing the normal temperature performance of the lithium battery at normal temperature;
(2) performing low-temperature charge and discharge test on the lithium battery at the temperature below 0 ℃, and judging the lowest charge and discharge temperature;
(3) performing low-temperature storage test on the lithium battery at the temperature below 0 ℃, and judging the lowest storage temperature range;
(4) performing low-temperature cycle life test on the lithium battery at the temperature below 0 ℃;
(5) performing low-temperature electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test on the lithium battery at the temperature below 0 ℃: respectively carrying out a direct current impedance test and an alternating current impedance test within the effective low-temperature range of the battery;
(6) and analyzing the low-temperature failure reason of the lithium battery.
The following work is required during testing: placing the lithium battery into a high-low temperature box, installing the lithium battery, and adjusting the temperature according to the selected temperature; selecting a test temperature range, and determining a test temperature interval; the blue-ray battery testing system (the testing equipment selected in the embodiment) is combined to perform charging and discharging tests, low-temperature storage tests and cycle life tests, and experimental data are collected; performing electrochemical impedance test by combining an electrochemical workstation, and collecting experimental data; and analyzing the failure temperature and the reason of the lithium battery.
The specific implementation process of each step is as follows:
in the step (1), the lithium battery is placed in a room temperature environment of 25 +/-5 ℃ to carry out charge and discharge tests, cycle life tests, electrochemical alternating current impedance spectrum tests and direct current impedance spectrum tests, and a room temperature performance test result is obtained.
In the step (2), the battery is placed in a low-temperature environment for charge and discharge tests. The lithium battery is firstly arranged in a high-low temperature box, different temperatures are set, the test is carried out at intervals of 5 ℃ from 0 ℃ to-40 ℃, and the charging and discharging curves at different temperatures are observed. Since the charging efficiency is affected by the charging rate and the ambient temperature, the charging current must be within a certain range during charging, and if the current is too small or too large, the charging efficiency is reduced. The discharge is also affected by the discharge rate and the ambient temperature. In general, the higher the discharge rate or the lower the temperature, the lower the discharge efficiency.
When the charging test is performed, as shown in fig. 3, the battery is first discharged to the end voltage at 0.1C, then charged with 0.1C under different temperature conditions, and when the terminal voltage of the battery reaches the charging limit voltage, the battery is charged with constant voltage until the end. And charging is carried out at the same temperature and rate of 0.5C, 1C and 1.5C. After the charging test is finished, finding out the lowest charging temperature of the lithium battery, increasing the temperature by 1 ℃ every time on the basis of the temperature, discharging the lithium battery again, and testing whether the lithium battery is completely invalid or not. If the lithium battery is not completely failed, the temperature of the lithium battery is further changed to carry out a charging test, and on the basis of the tested lowest charging temperature, the temperature change interval is reduced to 1 ℃, and a more specific failure temperature is found out. And if the lithium battery completely fails, taking out the lithium battery, placing the lithium battery for 1-2 hours at room temperature with good light, visually observing the appearance of the battery, checking whether deformation and cracks occur, whether burrs exist on the surface, and whether the lithium battery is dry, free of trauma and free of dirt, then disassembling the lithium battery, and analyzing specific failure reasons.
When the discharge test is performed, as shown in fig. 4, the lithium battery is charged at room temperature, then placed at a constant temperature in a test environment for 1-2 hours, and then discharged to a termination voltage at a rate of 0.1C, 0.5C, 1C, and 1.5C, respectively. And after the discharge test is finished, finding out the lowest discharge temperature of the lithium battery, increasing the temperature by 1 ℃ on the basis of the lowest discharge temperature, and recharging the lithium battery again to test whether the lithium battery is completely failed. If the lithium battery is not completely failed, further changing the temperature of the lithium battery for a discharge test, reducing the temperature change interval to 1 ℃ on the basis of the measured lowest charging temperature, and finding out a more specific failure temperature. If the lithium battery completely fails, the lithium battery is taken out, placed for 1-2 hours at room temperature with good light, the appearance of the battery is visually observed, whether deformation and cracks occur or not, whether burrs exist on the surface or not, whether the lithium battery is dry or not, and whether trauma or dirt does not exist or not are detected, then the lithium battery is disassembled, and specific failure reasons are analyzed
In the step (3), after the lithium battery is fully charged, the lithium battery is placed in a temperature environment of 0 ℃, 5 ℃, 10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 35 ℃ and 40 ℃ for about 48 hours by adjusting the temperature of the high-low temperature box, and the lowest storage temperature range is tested. As shown in fig. 5. After placing, carry out outward appearance to the lithium cell under the good condition of light and detect, the outward appearance of range estimation battery looks over whether appear deformation and crackle, whether the surface has the burr, whether dry, do not have trauma, no filth. And then, carrying out charge and discharge tests on the lithium battery at room temperature, checking the storage capacity of the lithium battery in different low-temperature environments, checking whether the lithium battery is invalid, disassembling the lithium battery, and analyzing the reasons of the invalid lithium battery after storage.
In the step (4), as shown in fig. 6, the lithium battery is installed in a high-low temperature box, and the cycle life of the lithium battery is tested at a rate of 0.1C every time when the lowest charge-discharge temperature measured in the step (2) is reduced by 5 ℃ from 0 ℃, so as to obtain cycle curves at different temperatures. After the circulation, under the good condition of light, carry out outward appearance to the lithium cell and detect, the outward appearance of range estimation battery looks over whether appear warping and crackle, and whether the surface has the burr, whether dry, do not have trauma, no filth to disassemble the lithium cell, look over the interior condition of lithium cell.
And (5) installing the lithium battery in a high-low temperature box, and performing electrochemical alternating current impedance spectrum analysis and direct current impedance spectrum analysis on the lithium battery from 0 ℃ to 5 ℃ every time according to the lowest charge-discharge temperature measured in the step (2) to obtain impedance curves at different temperatures.
And (6) comprehensively analyzing the test results of the lithium battery under different low-temperature conditions by combining the test results of the previous step. And combining the change condition of the test result of the lithium battery before the failure temperature. The failure phenomenon of the lithium battery is generally divided into two parts, namely a dominant part and a recessive part, wherein the dominant part is a result observed directly through an external condition, the recessive part needs to disassemble the lithium battery, check the internal failure reason, judge the specific reason of the lithium ion failure by combining with observation means such as SEM, XRD, TEM and the like, and provide a corresponding improvement scheme.
In summary, in the embodiment, according to the low-temperature test requirement of the lithium battery, theoretical analysis and practice are combined, the performance test of the low-temperature lithium battery is performed in a laboratory environment, the low-temperature performance of the low-temperature lithium battery can be effectively analyzed, and the performance defects of the low-temperature lithium battery are further analyzed, so that the low-temperature lithium battery which is more suitable for practical use is further explored and designed.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A low temperature lithium battery test system, the system comprising:
the high-low temperature box is used for containing batteries and providing different temperature environments for battery testing;
the charging and discharging equipment is electrically connected with the battery and is used for providing charging power supplies and discharging devices with different multiplying powers for battery testing;
and the testing equipment is electrically connected with the battery and used for testing various performance parameters of the battery in the testing process.
2. A method for testing a low temperature lithium battery, the method using the system of claim 1, the method comprising:
testing the normal temperature performance of the lithium battery at normal temperature;
performing low-temperature charge and discharge test on the lithium battery at the temperature below 0 ℃, and judging the lowest charge and discharge temperature;
performing low-temperature storage test on the lithium battery at the temperature below 0 ℃, and judging the lowest storage temperature range;
performing low-temperature cycle life test on the lithium battery at the temperature below 0 ℃;
performing low-temperature electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test on the lithium battery at the temperature below 0 ℃: respectively carrying out a direct current impedance test and an alternating current impedance test within the effective low-temperature range of the battery;
and analyzing the low-temperature failure reason of the lithium battery.
3. The method for testing the low-temperature lithium battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step of testing the normal-temperature performance of the lithium battery at normal temperature specifically comprises the steps of:
and placing the lithium battery in a room temperature environment of 25 +/-5 ℃ for carrying out charge-discharge test, cycle life test, electrochemical alternating current impedance spectrum test and direct current impedance spectrum test to obtain a room temperature performance test result.
4. The method for testing a low-temperature lithium battery according to claim 2, wherein the step of performing a low-temperature charge and discharge test on the lithium battery at a temperature below 0 ℃ and judging the lowest charge and discharge temperature specifically comprises the steps of:
from 0 ℃ to-40 ℃, charge and discharge tests were performed every 5 ℃, and charge and discharge curves at different temperatures were observed:
and a charging test stage: under the condition of the same charging temperature, charging at multiplying power of 0.1C, 0.5C, 1C and 1.5C respectively, changing to constant voltage charging when the voltage of the lithium battery reaches the charging limiting voltage until the charging limiting voltage is ended, and finding out the lowest charging temperature of the lithium battery; and increasing the charging temperature by 1 ℃ every time on the basis of the lowest charging temperature, discharging the lithium battery, and testing whether the lithium battery is completely failed; if the charging temperature is not completely failed, on the basis of the measured lowest charging temperature, reducing the temperature change interval to 1 ℃, and finding out a specific failure temperature; if the lithium battery is completely failed, taking out the lithium battery, placing the lithium battery for 1-2 hours under the room temperature condition of preset light, visually observing the appearance of the battery, checking whether deformation and cracks occur, whether burrs exist on the surface, and whether the lithium battery is dry, free of trauma and free of dirt, then disassembling the lithium battery, and analyzing specific failure reasons;
and (3) a discharge test stage: placing the lithium battery charged at room temperature at a discharging temperature for 1-2 h at a constant temperature, and then discharging to a termination voltage at the multiplying power of 0.1C, 0.5C, 1C and 1.5C respectively to find out the lowest discharging temperature of the lithium battery; and increasing the temperature by 1 ℃ every time on the basis of the lowest discharge temperature, recharging the lithium battery, and testing whether the lithium battery is completely failed; if the failure is not completed, on the basis of the measured lowest discharge temperature, reducing the temperature change interval to 1 ℃, and finding out a specific failure temperature; and if the lithium battery is completely failed, taking out the lithium battery, placing the lithium battery for 1-2 hours at room temperature under the condition of preset light, visually observing the appearance of the battery, checking whether deformation and cracks occur, whether burrs exist on the surface, and whether the lithium battery is dry, free of trauma and free of dirt, then disassembling the lithium battery, and analyzing specific failure reasons.
5. The method for testing a low-temperature lithium battery according to claim 2, wherein the step of performing a low-temperature storage test on the lithium battery at a temperature below 0 ℃ and determining the lowest storage temperature interval specifically comprises:
after the lithium battery is fully charged, the lithium battery is respectively placed in the temperature environments of 0 ℃, 5 ℃, 10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 35 ℃ and 40 ℃ for about 48 hours by adjusting the temperature of a high-low temperature box, and the lowest storage temperature interval is tested;
after the placement is finished, carrying out appearance detection on the lithium battery under the condition of preset light, visually observing the appearance of the battery, and checking whether deformation and cracks occur, whether burrs exist on the surface, and whether the battery is dry, free of trauma and free of dirt; and then, carrying out charge and discharge tests on the lithium battery at room temperature, checking the storage capacity of the lithium battery in different low-temperature environments, checking whether the lithium battery is invalid, disassembling the lithium battery, and analyzing the reasons of the invalid lithium battery after storage.
6. The method for testing a low-temperature lithium battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein the low-temperature cycle life test of the lithium battery at a temperature below 0 ℃ specifically comprises:
installing a lithium battery in a high-low temperature box, and performing cycle life test on the lithium battery at a rate of 0.1C from 0 ℃ to 5 ℃ every time according to the lowest charge-discharge temperature to obtain cycle curves at different temperatures;
after the cycle life test is finished, under the condition of preset light, the appearance of the lithium battery is detected, whether deformation and cracks occur or not is checked through visual inspection of the appearance of the battery, whether burrs exist on the surface or not is dry or not, and whether trauma or not and pollution are avoided, the lithium battery is disassembled, and the internal condition of the lithium battery is checked.
7. The method for testing a low-temperature lithium battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein the low-temperature electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test is performed on the lithium battery at a temperature below 0 ℃: in the effective low temperature range of battery, carry out direct current impedance test and interchange impedance test respectively, specifically include:
and (3) installing the lithium battery in a high-low temperature box, and performing electrochemical alternating current impedance spectrum analysis and direct current impedance spectrum analysis on the lithium battery from 0 ℃ to 5 ℃ every time according to the lowest charge-discharge temperature to obtain impedance curves at different temperatures.
8. The method for testing the low-temperature lithium battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein the analyzing the reason for the low-temperature failure of the lithium battery specifically comprises:
obtaining an explicit failure result through external condition observation;
disassembling the lithium battery, checking the internal failure reason and obtaining a recessive failure result.
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| CN115639490A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-01-24 | 北京集度科技有限公司 | Battery performance testing method and device, battery, vehicle and computer program product |
| CN116449235A (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-07-18 | 江苏安之技科技发展有限公司 | Method and system for processing test data of energy storage battery |
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