CN114034879A - Vehicle speed detection device for tail gas remote measurement - Google Patents
Vehicle speed detection device for tail gas remote measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN114034879A CN114034879A CN202111286071.9A CN202111286071A CN114034879A CN 114034879 A CN114034879 A CN 114034879A CN 202111286071 A CN202111286071 A CN 202111286071A CN 114034879 A CN114034879 A CN 114034879A
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- operational amplifier
- vehicle speed
- light
- speed detection
- tail gas
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000579895 Chlorostilbon Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052876 emerald Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010976 emerald Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/36—Devices characterised by the use of optical means, e.g. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle speed detection device for tail gas remote measurement, which comprises a receiving unit, a transmitting unit and a main control unit, wherein the receiving unit is used for receiving and transmitting tail gas; the receiving units are correlation receiving units or reflection receiving units, and at least two receiving units are provided; the main control unit comprises a power supply conversion circuit, a microcontroller and a communication interface circuit, the microcontroller collects signals of the two receiving units for state judgment and vehicle speed calculation processing, and outputs TP signals serving as calculation reference signals of response time. The invention effectively avoids the influence of factors such as natural light change, road vibration, environmental temperature change and the like on vehicle speed measurement, and greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of vehicle speed detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical, mechanical and electrical integration equipment, in particular to a vehicle speed detection device for tail gas remote measurement.
Background
The remote measurement of tail gas of motor vehicle is a method capable of detecting pollutant discharged from vehicle in normal running of vehicle, in order to realize validity judgment of remote measurement data and dynamic correction of remote measurement algorithm, the speed and acceleration of the detected vehicle are all detected, and the existing vehicle speed detection equipment has the problems of low vehicle speed detection precision and easy influence of road vibration and natural light.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem that the existing equipment is easily influenced and causes low detection precision, and effectively improves the data accuracy, the working stability and the operation convenience of vehicle speed detection by improving the aspects of an optical-mechanical structure, an electric control system and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a vehicle speed detection device for tail gas remote measurement comprises a receiving unit, a transmitting unit and a main control unit; the receiving units are correlation receiving units or reflection receiving units, and at least two receiving units are provided; the main control unit comprises a power supply conversion circuit, a microcontroller and a communication interface circuit, the microcontroller collects signals of the two receiving units for state judgment and vehicle speed calculation processing, and outputs TP signals serving as calculation reference signals of response time.
As a further improvement of the invention, the emission unit comprises a laser diode, a collimating lens and a constant power control circuit, and the laser diode is electrically connected with the constant power control circuit.
As a further improvement of the invention, the constant power control circuit comprises a high-precision reference voltage source, the high-precision reference voltage source is connected with an adjusting potentiometer, the adjusting potentiometer is connected with the non-inverting input end of the precise operational amplifier, the output end of the precise operational amplifier is sequentially connected with a current-limiting resistor and a laser diode, and the light intensity signal end of the laser diode is connected with the inverting input end of the precise operational amplifier through a feedback resistor to form a closed-loop control circuit.
As a further improvement of the invention, the reflective receiving unit comprises a light-shielding device, an emitting unit and a photoelectric conversion circuit, wherein a narrow-band filter is arranged at the front end of the light-shielding device, and a plurality of narrow-band filters form an array; the rear end of the light-avoiding device is provided with a photoelectric detector, and a plurality of photoelectric detectors form an array; and an emission unit is arranged in the light-avoiding device, and the emission unit and the photoelectric detector are electrically connected with a photoelectric conversion circuit.
As a further improvement of the invention, the correlation receiving unit comprises a light-shielding device and a photoelectric conversion circuit, a narrow-band filter is arranged at the front end of the light-shielding device, and a plurality of narrow-band filters form an array; the rear end of the light-avoiding device is provided with a photoelectric detector, and a plurality of photoelectric detectors form an array; the photoelectric detector is electrically connected with the photoelectric conversion circuit.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the photoelectric conversion circuit comprises a dual-path precision operational amplifier, the cathodes of the photodetectors are commonly connected to the first operational amplifier inverting input terminal of the dual-path operational amplifier, the anodes of the photodetectors are commonly grounded, and a sampling resistor and a filter capacitor are connected in parallel between the first operational amplifier inverting input terminal and the first operational amplifier output terminal of the dual-path operational amplifier; the output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the in-phase input end of the second operational amplifier through a resistor, the reverse-phase input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with a potentiometer, and the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected with a triode through a resistor; and the state voltage of the output end of the second operational amplifier is output to the main control unit as a signal.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the reflective receiving unit or the correlation receiving unit further includes a working indicator light, and the working indicator light is electrically connected to the photoelectric conversion circuit.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention effectively avoids the influence of factors such as natural light change, road vibration, environmental temperature change and the like on vehicle speed measurement, and greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of vehicle speed detection.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a reflective receiving unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a correlation receiving unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting unit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the constant power control circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a photoelectric conversion circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a main control unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a main control unit circuit according to the present invention.
Shown in the figure: the device comprises an emission unit 1, a protective lens 2, a working indicator lamp 3, a narrow-band filter 4, a light-avoiding device 5, a photoelectric detector 6, a photoelectric conversion circuit 7, a power conversion circuit 8, a microcontroller 9, a communication interface circuit 10, a constant power control circuit 101, a laser diode 102 and a collimation lens 103.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The receiving unit comprises a photoelectric conversion circuit, a photoelectric detector array, a light-avoiding device, a narrow-band filter array, a working indicator light and a protective lens. The photoelectric detector array consists of at least two photoelectric detectors and is electrically connected with the photoelectric conversion circuit; the light-shading device is provided with at least three deep holes, and the front ends of the deep holes are provided with lens mounting grooves; the narrowband filter array consists of at least two narrowband filters, and the central wavelength of the narrowband filters is the same as or similar to the wavelength of laser used by the vehicle speed detection system; the working indicator light is a high-brightness visible light LED and is electrically connected with the photoelectric conversion circuit; the protective lens is a transparent plane lens; the photoelectric detector array is arranged at the rear end in the light-avoiding device setting hole, the narrow-band light filter array and the protective lens are arranged in a groove at the front end of the light-avoiding device setting hole, and the working indicator lamp is arranged in the light-avoiding device setting hole and clings to the protective lens; the emitting unit comprises a laser diode, a collimating lens and a constant power control circuit, and the laser diode is electrically connected with the constant power control circuit; the main control unit comprises a power supply conversion circuit, a microcontroller and a communication interface circuit.
The receiving unit and the transmitting unit of the invention can be combined together and placed on the same side of the road, or can be placed on two sides of the road as two independent parts, and the two use cases are explained below respectively.
When the receiving unit and the transmitting unit are combined together, we call a reflective receiving unit, which is placed on one side of the road, in which case a retro-reflector is placed on the other side of the road to achieve the reflection of the laser light. The laser emitted by the emitting unit is reflected by the retro-reflecting plate and then received and processed by the receiving unit. As shown in fig. 1, the reflective receiving unit is composed of a photoelectric conversion circuit 7, a photodetector array 6, a light-shielding device 5, a narrowband filter array 4, a work indicator lamp 3, a protective lens 2 and an emitting unit 1. The photoelectric detector array 6 and the working indicator lamp 3 are electronically welded on the photoelectric conversion circuit 7 and then are installed at the rear end in a setting hole of the light-avoiding device 5; the narrow-band filter array 4 and the protective lens 2 are arranged in a groove at the front end of a set hole of the light-shading device 5; a longer pin is reserved when the work indicator lamp 3 is welded so as to ensure that the work indicator lamp is installed in a set hole of the light-shading device 5 and can be tightly attached to the protective lens 2 at the front end, so that observation in light focusing is facilitated; the emission unit 1 is installed in the center hole of the light-shielding device 5, and the lead thereof is electrically soldered to the photoelectric conversion circuit 7.
When the receiving unit is separately arranged on one side of a road for use, the receiving unit is called a correlation type receiving unit and receives laser emitted by an emitting unit on the other side of the road. As shown in fig. 2, the difference between the correlation receiving unit and the reflection receiving unit is that the transmitting unit 1 is replaced by a photodetector at the center of the light-shielding device 5.
In the embodiment, the photoelectric detector adopts a silicon PIN photodiode with good linearity, the model is SFH213, the spectral response range is 400 nm-1100 nm, the central wavelength of the narrow-band filter is 650nm, the diameter is 6mm, and the thickness is 1 mm. The work indicator lamp 3 uses a high-brightness emerald LED with a diameter of 3 mm. The light-shading device 5 is designed to have a hole depth of 40mm and a hole diameter of 5mm, and the deep hole can ensure that the detector only receives incident light from a small-range area opposite to a road, so that the influence of ambient light on measurement is eliminated to the maximum extent; the narrow-band filter ensures that the detector can only receive the laser with the specific wavelength emitted by the emission unit, further reduces the influence of ambient light on the measurement, and improves the accuracy of vehicle speed measurement; the detector array expands the detectable range of the light beam, and can ensure that laser can still be incident on at least one detector of the detector array when the vehicle passes through to cause small vibration of a road and further influence small deviation of a measuring laser beam, so that normal work of equipment is ensured, and the stability of the vehicle speed measuring system is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the emitting unit 1 includes a laser diode 102, a collimating lens 103, and a constant power control circuit 101, the laser diode 102 and the constant power control circuit 101 are electrically connected, and laser emitted by the laser diode 102 is expanded by the collimating lens 103 and collimated into a measuring beam with a spot diameter of about 3 mm. Under the drive of the constant power control circuit 101, the laser diode 102 emits measuring laser with highly stable power, the wavelength is 650nm, the power is 50mw, and the working stability of the system is greatly improved under the condition of meeting the measuring distance of 20 meters. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a constant power control circuit, in which U1 is a high-precision reference voltage source ADR03 to generate a precise 2.5V reference voltage Vref, a potentiometer VR1 is adjusted to obtain a laser power setting voltage Va and is connected to the non-inverting input terminal 3 pin of a U2 precision single power operational amplifier OPA2364, the output terminal 1 pin of U2 drives an LD1 laser diode through a current limiting resistor R3 to emit laser for measurement, and the light intensity signal terminal voltage Vb built in the laser diode is fed back to the inverting input terminal 2 pin of U2 through a feedback resistor R2, thereby forming a closed-loop control circuit. If the laser output power is reduced due to various factors, the voltage at the Vb point is reduced, the voltage at the Vc point is also reduced synchronously, the difference between Va and Vb is increased, the output voltage of U2 is increased proportionally, and the laser output power is improved and finally reaches an equilibrium state. Similarly, when the laser output power is increased due to various factors, the circuit system can also reduce the laser output power through light intensity signal feedback, and finally the laser output power reaches a balanced state. That is, when the laser power setting voltage Va is in a state where the accuracy and stability are ensured, the laser power emitted from the emitting unit is also accurate and stable.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a photoelectric conversion circuit, the PDs 1-PDn form a photodetector array, anodes of all photodetectors are connected to a power ground, cathodes of all photodetectors are connected to a pin 2 of the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OPA2364 of the U3 dual-channel precision operational amplifier, a generated photocurrent can be guided into a subsequent circuit when any detector receives a light signal, a resistor R4 is a current sampling resistor and is connected between the pin 2 and the pin 1 of the U3, the voltage value output by the pin 1 of the first operational amplifier output terminal of the U3 is equal to the product of the sum of the photocurrents generated by the detectors and the resistance value of R4, and a filter capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the R4. The output voltage of pin 1 of U3 is connected to pin 5 of the second operational amplifier non-inverting input terminal of U3 through resistor R5, pin 6 of the second operational amplifier inverting input terminal of U3 is connected to the adjusting terminal of potentiometer VR2, the second operational amplifier of U3 is used as a voltage comparator, and adjusting VR2 can adjust the comparison voltage Ve to eliminate the influence caused by factors such as dark current and ambient light of the detector. When the optical signal conversion voltage Vd is greater than the comparison voltage Ve, the pin 7 of the second operational amplifier output terminal of U3 outputs a high level 5V, and the transistor Q1 is controlled to be turned on through the resistor R7, so that the light emitting diode LED is driven to light up, and the indicating system is normal to light and no vehicle passes through. When Vd is less than Ve, the pin 7 of the second operational amplifier output terminal of U3 outputs a low level of 0V, indicating that there is an abnormal light or a vehicle passing through the light block. The state voltage of the pin 7 of the second operational amplifier output terminal of U3 is output to the main control unit as signal P1. Similarly, the other photoelectric conversion circuit of the two receiving units outputs a signal P2 to the main control unit.
The main control unit shown in fig. 6 is composed of a power conversion circuit 8, a microcontroller 9 and a communication interface circuit 10. The microcontroller 9 collects signals P1 and P2 from the two receiving units for system state judgment and vehicle speed calculation processing, and the communication interface circuit 10 transmits the vehicle speed detection system state and vehicle speed detection result to the exhaust telemetering host and receives control from the exhaust telemetering host. In fig. 7, pin 1 of the low dropout regulator U7 is a voltage input pin connected to a +15V power supply from the exhaust telemetry host, pins C10 and C11 are input filter capacitors, pin 3 of U7 outputs a low-noise 5V voltage as a system voltage of the main control unit, and pins C12 and C13 are output filter capacitors; u5 is the mixed microcontroller ADuC814 of modulus, Y1 is 32.768KHz system clock crystal, signal P1 and signal P2 from two receiving units are connected to two I/O ports of 24 feet and 23 feet of U5 respectively, jumper JP1 is used for switching the working state of microcontroller U5, U5 is in the program debugging state when JP1 is short-circuited, U5 is in the normal working state when JP1 is disconnected, and resistor R6 is used as a pull-down resistor to ensure that 2 feet of U5 are low level when JP1 is disconnected, so that U5 reliably keeps the normal working state. The pin U5 outputs TP signal as the reference signal for calculating the response time of the speed measuring system, and when the vehicle leaves the speed detecting system, it changes the level state once again, and when the speed detecting system outputs speed data, the time interval between two level state changes is the response time of the speed measuring system. The U6 is a dual-channel RS232 serial communication chip MAX232 and is used for converting TTL communication level of the microcontroller U5 into RS232 communication level and connecting the TTL communication level to an RS232 communication interface of the exhaust gas telemetry host.
The invention effectively avoids the influence of factors such as natural light change, road vibration, environmental temperature change and the like on vehicle speed measurement, and greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of vehicle speed detection.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the protection scheme of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various permutations, combinations and modifications can be made on the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the modifications are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A vehicle speed detection device for tail gas remote measurement is characterized by comprising a receiving unit, a transmitting unit and a main control unit; the receiving units are correlation receiving units or reflection receiving units, and at least two receiving units are provided; the main control unit comprises a power supply conversion circuit, a microcontroller and a communication interface circuit, the microcontroller collects signals of the two receiving units for state judgment and vehicle speed calculation processing, and outputs TP signals as calculation reference signals of response time.
2. The vehicle speed detection device for the remote measurement of the tail gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transmitting unit comprises a laser diode (102), a collimating lens (103) and a constant power control circuit (101), and the laser diode (102) is electrically connected with the constant power control circuit (101).
3. The vehicle speed detection device for the tail gas remote measurement according to claim 2, wherein the constant power control circuit (101) comprises a high-precision reference voltage source, the high-precision reference voltage source is connected with an adjusting potentiometer, the adjusting potentiometer is connected with a non-inverting input end of a precision operational amplifier, an output end of the precision operational amplifier is sequentially connected with a current-limiting resistor and a laser diode, and a light intensity signal end of the laser diode is connected with an inverting input end of the precision operational amplifier through a feedback resistor to form a closed-loop control circuit.
4. The vehicle speed detection device for tail gas remote measurement according to claim 1, wherein the reflection type receiving unit comprises a light-shielding device (5), a transmitting unit (1) and a photoelectric conversion circuit (7), a narrow-band filter (4) is arranged at the front end of the light-shielding device (5), and a plurality of narrow-band filters (4) form an array; the rear end of the light-avoiding device is provided with a photoelectric detector (6), and a plurality of photoelectric detectors (6) form an array; and an emission unit (1) is arranged in the light-avoiding device (5), and the emission unit (1) and the photoelectric detector (6) are electrically connected with a photoelectric conversion circuit (7).
5. The vehicle speed detection device for tail gas remote measurement according to claim 1, wherein the correlation type receiving unit comprises a light-shielding device (5) and a photoelectric conversion circuit (7), a narrow-band filter (4) is arranged at the front end of the light-shielding device (5), and a plurality of narrow-band filters (4) form an array; the rear end of the light-avoiding device is provided with a photoelectric detector (6), and a plurality of photoelectric detectors (6) form an array; the photoelectric detector (6) is electrically connected with the photoelectric conversion circuit (7).
6. The vehicle speed detection device for the tail gas remote measurement according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the photoelectric conversion circuit comprises a two-way precision operational amplifier, the cathodes of the photoelectric detectors are commonly connected to the first operational amplifier inverting input end of the two-way operational amplifier, the anodes of the photoelectric detectors are commonly grounded, and a sampling resistor and a filter capacitor are connected in parallel between the first operational amplifier inverting input end and the first operational amplifier output end of the two-way operational amplifier; the output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the in-phase input end of the second operational amplifier through a resistor, the reverse-phase input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with a potentiometer, and the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected with a triode through a resistor; and the state voltage of the output end of the second operational amplifier is output to the main control unit as a signal.
7. The vehicle speed detection device for tail gas remote measurement according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the reflection type receiving unit or the correlation type receiving unit further comprises a work indicator lamp (3), and the work indicator lamp (3) is electrically connected with the photoelectric conversion circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111286071.9A CN114034879A (en) | 2021-11-02 | 2021-11-02 | Vehicle speed detection device for tail gas remote measurement |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111286071.9A CN114034879A (en) | 2021-11-02 | 2021-11-02 | Vehicle speed detection device for tail gas remote measurement |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2528021Y (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2002-12-25 | 牛岗 | Laser speedometer for overspeed driving car |
| JP2003332662A (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-21 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Photoelectric conversion circuit, optical amplifier and optical amplification method |
| CN101806631A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-08-18 | 浙江大学 | Large dynamic high speed weak pulse signal linear measuring circuit |
| CN206208752U (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江多普勒环保科技有限公司 | Motor-vehicle tail-gas remote sensing detection system based on tunable laser |
| CN107340523A (en) * | 2017-06-11 | 2017-11-10 | 西安飞芯电子科技有限公司 | Test the speed range-measurement system and the distance-finding method that tests the speed based on heterodyne detection of laser |
| CN206728337U (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-12-08 | 江苏北方湖光光电有限公司 | LED light source direct current Constant-power drive circuit for photoelectric auto-collimator |
| CN207650102U (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-07-24 | 武汉万集信息技术有限公司 | A kind of vehicle speed and vehicle emission measurement system |
| CN112147358A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-29 | 东南大学 | Non-contact type speed measuring equipment and mounting rack thereof |
| CN216117665U (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-03-22 | 安徽三恩光电科技有限公司 | Correlation type receiving mechanism of vehicle speed detection device for tail gas remote measurement |
| CN218896125U (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-04-21 | 安徽三恩光电科技有限公司 | Reflective receiving mechanism of vehicle speed detection device for tail gas remote measurement |
-
2021
- 2021-11-02 CN CN202111286071.9A patent/CN114034879A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2528021Y (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2002-12-25 | 牛岗 | Laser speedometer for overspeed driving car |
| JP2003332662A (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-21 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Photoelectric conversion circuit, optical amplifier and optical amplification method |
| CN101806631A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-08-18 | 浙江大学 | Large dynamic high speed weak pulse signal linear measuring circuit |
| CN206208752U (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江多普勒环保科技有限公司 | Motor-vehicle tail-gas remote sensing detection system based on tunable laser |
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| CN112147358A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-29 | 东南大学 | Non-contact type speed measuring equipment and mounting rack thereof |
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| CN218896125U (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-04-21 | 安徽三恩光电科技有限公司 | Reflective receiving mechanism of vehicle speed detection device for tail gas remote measurement |
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