CN114034206A

CN114034206A - Automatic mortar coordination arm front loading device and loading method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114034206A
Application number: CN202111296241.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘宁; 陈靖沅; 张雅斌; 梁雨霞; 谢子豪; 崔金彪
Original assignee: Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-11-03
Filing date: 2021-11-03
Publication date: 2022-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-03
Also published as: CN114034206B

Abstract

The invention relates to a front loading device of a coordination arm of an automatic mortar and a loading method thereof, and the front loading device comprises a coordination arm, a cartridge receiver, an operating panel, a connecting mechanism and a power system, wherein the front end of the coordination arm is connected with the cartridge receiver, the rear end of the coordination arm is rotatably connected with the front end of the connecting mechanism, the cartridge receiver comprises a barrel body for accommodating pills, the tail end of the rear end of the coordination arm is provided with an operator, the operating panel is fixed on a mortar cradle, the rear end of the connecting mechanism is connected with the power system, the power system can drive the connecting mechanism to rotate so as to drive the coordination arm to ascend, the operator can be in contact with the operating panel in the ascending process of the coordination arm so that the coordination arm rotates around the operator, and when the barrel body rotates to be coaxial with a barrel, the pills slide into the barrel body to complete loading. The invention can realize automatic front loading of the mortar: the cannonball loading can be automatically finished in the shooting process without manpower participation.

Description

Automatic mortar coordination arm front loading device and loading method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of weapons and artillery, and particularly relates to an automatic mortar coordination arm front loading device and a loading method thereof.

Background

The mortar is an important gun weapon for supporting and accompanying infantry combat, has the characteristics of specially bent trajectory, simple structure, simple and convenient operation, easy variable charging and the like, and has the irreplaceable status of other types of guns in the combat of complex terrains such as cities, hills, mountains and the like. However, the traditional manually operated mortar has the defects of difficult movement, more operators, low reaction speed to a maneuvering target and the like, and particularly, the actions of bullet taking, loading and the like of the traditional medium-small diameter mortar depend on manpower, so that the automation degree and the operational efficiency of the mortar are greatly influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the automatic mortar coordination arm front loading device which is simple in structure and good in reliability and can load at any firing angle of a mortar and the loading method thereof.

The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:

an automatic mortar coordination arm front loading device comprises a coordination arm, a cartridge receiver, an operation panel, a connecting mechanism and a power system,

the front end of coordination arm with embrace the shell drum and be connected, the rear end is rotated with coupling mechanism's front end and is connected, embrace the shell drum including the barrel that is used for holding the pellet, the end of the rear end of coordination arm is provided with the manipulator, the control panel is fixed in on the mortar cradle, coupling mechanism's rear end is connected with driving system, driving system can drive coupling mechanism is rotatory to it rises to drive coordination arm, at the in-process that coordination arm rises the manipulator can with the control panel contact makes coordination arm rotatory around self, works as when the barrel changes to coaxial with the barrel, the pellet slides in the barrel and accomplishes and loads.

Further, embrace a bullet section of thick bamboo and still include fender diving board, pin, spring and throw-out collar, the barrel is connected with the front end of coordination arm, and fender diving board passes through pivot and torsional spring and connects at barrel tail end bullet inlet department, and the throw-out collar is installed in the barrel with the spring, and the throw-out collar is connected with the pin to can be relative barrel seesaw, the shot can be from barrel tail end bullet inlet department entering barrel, and the shot head compresses the spring behind the barrel is whole to get into the barrel.

Further, the coordination arm further comprises a shaft arm and a bearing, the manipulator is mounted at the tail end of the shaft arm, the bearing is mounted at one end of the shaft arm close to the manipulator, the bearing is located in the front end of the connecting mechanism, and the front end of the shaft arm is fixedly connected with the barrel.

Further, the manipulator is a block body, the surface of the manipulating plate, which is in contact with the manipulator, is a curved surface, and the manipulator can rotate from the contact with the manipulator in the process of ascending.

Further, the surface of the manipulator contacting the manipulating plate is a curved surface.

Further, driving system sets up in the mortar cradle outside, including step motor, the reduction gear that links to each other with the step motor output, connect in the pinion of reduction gear output, with the gear wheel of pinion engagement, coupling mechanism's rear end with gear wheel fixed connection.

Further, coupling mechanism includes coordination arm axle room, end cover, internal connection board and outer connecting plate, and wherein internal connection board and outer connecting plate one end link to each other with the gear wheel, the other end is connected with coordination arm axle room, the bearing is located in coordination arm axle is indoor, the manipulator is located coordination arm axle is outdoor.

The filling method of the automatic mortar coordination arm front filling device comprises the following steps:

step one, when loading starts, the projectile is pushed into a projectile holding cylinder body, at the moment, a projectile blocking plate is in an open state, meanwhile, a push ring and a blocking rod are located at an initial position and the blocking rod is in contact with the projectile blocking plate, the projectile blocking plate is prevented from being closed, the push ring and the projectile move forwards together after being in contact and compress a spring, meanwhile, the blocking rod moves together with the push ring, and when the blocking rod and the projectile blocking plate are completely separated from contact, the projectile blocking plate closes a projectile inlet of the projectile holding cylinder body under the torsion action of a torsion spring, namely, the projectile holding cylinder body enters a working position, and the projectile is prevented from sliding out;

step two, after the bullet baffle completely enters the working position, the power system starts to work, the stepping motor rotates, the stepping motor drives the connecting mechanism, the coordination arm and the bullet holding barrel to start lifting through the transmission of the speed reducer, the pinion and the gear wheel, the manipulator starts to contact with the control plate after the coordination arm lifts a certain angle, the coordination arm and the bullet holding barrel are driven to rotate around the axis of the coordination arm and finally rotate, the axis of a bullet in the bullet holding barrel is aligned with the axis of the gun body, centering is completed, in the centering process, the bullet baffle is in contact with the outer wall of the gun body and is gradually pushed away, the bullet slides into the barrel under the action of self gravity and spring compression force, meanwhile, the push ring and the stop lever also move under the action of self gravity and spring compression force, and finally, the push ring and the stop lever return to the initial position to be in contact with the bullet baffle, and the bullet baffle is prevented from closing;

and step three, reversing a stepping motor in the power system to drive the connecting mechanism, the coordination arm and the bomb holding barrel to return to the bomb receiving position far away from the axis of the gun body, wherein in the returning process, the coordination arm and the bomb holding barrel integrally rotate reversely to pass through an angle, so that the bomb holding barrel returns to the position at the beginning of filling, and a filling period is completed.

Further, the action of holding the projectile away from the axis of the gun body in the third step is completed before the projectile is fired.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:

1. the automatic front loading of the mortar can be realized: the cannonball loading can be automatically finished in the shooting process without the participation of manpower;

2. the filling efficiency is high: the automatic filling does not become slow as the physical strength decreases with the increase of the filling times like the manual filling, and the filling speed can be faster than the manual filling;

3. reliability and safety are high: the automatic filling can avoid various accidents caused by improper operation in manual filling, and effectively protects the personnel safety.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a mortar coordination arm front loading device in a loading start position.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a mortar coordination arm forward loader device in the centering process.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the mortar coordination arm forward loading device when the centering is completed and the projectile enters the barrel.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the cartridge in the process of the projectile entering or sliding out of the cartridge.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the projectile embracing barrel after the projectile has completely entered the projectile embracing barrel.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the cartridge after the projectile has completely entered the cartridge.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the connection mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the coordinating arm.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the power system.

Fig. 10 is a state diagram of the manipulator ascent process.

Fig. 11 is a two-state diagram of the manipulator ascent process.

Fig. 12 is a three-state diagram of the manipulator ascent process.

Detailed Description

Specific implementations of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the following figures.

As shown in fig. 1-9, an automatic front loading device for a mortar comprises a coordination arm 1, a cartridge receiver 3, an operation panel 5, a connecting mechanism 7 and a power system 8. Referring to fig. 8, the coordination arm 1 includes a manipulator 11, a shaft arm 12, and a pair of bearings 13 mounted on the shaft arm 12, wherein the manipulator 11 contacts with the control plate 5 at a certain time and rotates together with the shaft arm 12; with reference to fig. 4-6, the bullet holding barrel 3 mainly includes a bullet stopping plate 31, a barrel 32, a stopping rod 33, a spring 34, and a pushing ring 35, the barrel 32 is used for accommodating the bullet 2 and is connected to the shaft arm 12 through a key, the bullet stopping plate 31 is connected to the tail end of the barrel 32 through a rotating shaft 36 and a torsion spring 37, the pushing ring 35 and the spring 34 are accommodated in the barrel 32, the stopping rod 33 is connected to the pushing ring 35 through the back-and-forth movement of a guide groove on the barrel 32, and the opening and closing of the bullet stopping plate 31 is controlled by the contact with the bullet stopping plate 31; the control plate 5 is fixed on a mortar cradle 6; with reference to fig. 7, the connecting mechanism 7 includes a shaft chamber 71, an end cover 72, an inner connecting plate 73 and an outer connecting plate 74, one end of each of the inner connecting plate 73 and the outer connecting plate 74 is connected to a gear set gearwheel 85 of the power system 8, and the shaft chamber 71 and the coordination arm 1 are matched through a bearing 13 to form a revolute pair; referring to fig. 9, the power system 8 includes a stepping motor 81, a speed reducer 82 connected to the output end of the stepping motor, a gear set pinion 84 connected to the output end of the speed reducer, and a gear set bull gear 85 connected to the connecting mechanism 7, and is integrally disposed outside the mortar upper frame and fixed by a motor mounting plate 83.

Further, the speed reducer 82 is a closed worm gear speed reducer or other type of high-transmission-ratio speed reducer.

Further, the pinion gear 84 and the bull gear 85 form an open first-stage reduction gear set.

Further, the bearing 13 is one of a deep groove ball bearing or an angular contact ball bearing.

The device comprises the following filling steps:

firstly, when loading starts, the projectile 2 starts to be pushed into the barrel body 32, at the moment, the bullet baffle 31 is in an open state, meanwhile, the push ring 35 and the stop lever 33 are in an initial position, the stop lever 33 is in contact with the bullet baffle 31, the bullet baffle 31 is prevented from being closed, the push ring 35 and the projectile 2 move forwards together after being in contact and compress the spring 34, meanwhile, the stop lever 33 moves together with the push ring 35, and when the stop lever 33 and the bullet baffle 31 are completely separated from contact, the bullet baffle 31 closes a bullet inlet of the projectile barrel body 32 under the torsion action of the torsion spring, namely, enters a working position, and the projectile 2 is prevented from sliding out;

step two, after the bullet baffle 31 completely enters the working position, the power system 8 starts to work, the stepping motor 81 rotates, the connection mechanism 7, the coordination arm 1 and the bullet holding barrel 3 are driven to start to lift through the transmission of the speed reducer 82, the gear pinion 84 and the gear bull gear 85, when the coordination arm 1 lifts to approach the axis of the gun body 4 to a certain angle, the manipulator 11 and the control plate 5 start to contact (as shown in fig. 10), the coordination arm 1 and the bullet holding barrel 3 are driven to rotate around the axis of the coordination arm 1 (as shown in fig. 11), and finally the rotation is carried out for 90 degrees (as shown in fig. 12), the axis of a bullet 2 in the bullet holding barrel 32 is aligned with the axis of the gun body 4, so that the centering is completed, in the centering process, the bullet baffle 31 is in contact with the outer wall of the gun body 4 and pushed away, the bullet 2 slides into the gun body 4 under the action of the self gravity and the compression force of the spring 34, and the push ring 35 and the stop rod 33 also move under the action of the self gravity and the compression force of the spring 34, finally, the push ring 35 and the stop lever 33 are returned to the initial position, so that the stop lever 33 is contacted with the retainer 31 to prevent the retainer 31 from closing;

and step three, the stepping motor 81 in the power system 8 rotates reversely to drive the connecting mechanism 7, the coordination arm 1 and the bullet holding barrel 3 to return to the bullet receiving position, namely the 0-degree position, far away from the axis of the gun body 4, and in the returning process, the coordination arm 1 and the bullet holding barrel 3 integrally rotate reversely through 90 degrees, so that the bullet containing hole of the bullet holding barrel body 32 is aligned to the bullet receiving position, and a loading period is completed.

Further, the action of holding the bullet barrel 3 away from the axis of the gun body 4 in the four steps is completed before the bullet is fired, so that the damage of the muzzle flame and the muzzle overpressure on the bullet holding barrel 3 is reduced.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. An automatic mortar coordination arm front loading device is characterized by comprising a coordination arm (1), a cartridge receiver (3), an operation plate (5), a connecting mechanism (7) and a power system (8),

the front end of the coordination arm (1) is connected with the bullet holding cylinder (3), the rear end is rotationally connected with the front end of the connecting mechanism (7), the bullet holding barrel (3) comprises a barrel body (32) used for containing the bullets (2), the tail end of the rear end of the coordination arm (1) is provided with a manipulator (11), the control plate (5) is fixed on the mortar cradle (6), the rear end of the connecting mechanism (7) is connected with a power system (8), the power system (8) can drive the connecting mechanism (7) to rotate so as to drive the coordination arm (1) to ascend, the manipulator (11) can contact the control plate (5) during the ascending process of the coordination arm (1) to enable the coordination arm (1) to rotate around the manipulator, when the barrel (32) rotates to be coaxial with the barrel (4), the projectile (2) slides into the barrel (4) to finish filling.

2. The automatic mortar coordination arm forward-loading device according to claim 1,

embrace a shot section of thick bamboo (3) and still include fender bullet board (31), pin (33), spring (34) and throw-out collar (35), barrel (32) are connected with the front end of coordination arm (1), and fender bullet board (31) are connected at barrel (32) tail end through pivot (36) and torsional spring (37) and advance bullet mouth department, and throw-out collar (35) are installed in barrel (32) with spring (34), and throw-out collar (35) are connected with pin (33) to can be relative barrel (32) seesaw, shot (2) can advance bullet mouth department from barrel (32) tail end and get into barrel (32), and shot (2) all get into barrel (32) back shot (2) head and compress spring (34).

3. The automatic mortar coordination arm forward-loading device according to claim 2,

the coordination arm (1) further comprises a shaft arm (12) and a bearing (13), the manipulator (11) is installed at the tail end of the shaft arm (12), the bearing (13) is installed on one end, close to the manipulator (11), of the shaft arm (12), the bearing (13) is located in the front end of the connecting mechanism (7), and the front end of the shaft arm (12) is fixedly connected with the cylinder body (32).

4. The automatic mortar coordination arm front loading device according to claim 3,

the manipulator (11) is a block body, the surface of the manipulating plate (5) contacted with the manipulator (11) is a curved surface, and the manipulator (11) can rotate 90 degrees from the contact with the manipulator (11) in the rising process.

5. The automatic mortar coordination arm preloading device according to claim 4, characterized in that the surface of the manipulator (11) in contact with the control plate (5) is a curved surface.

6. The automatic mortar coordination arm forward-loading device according to claim 5,

driving system (8) set up in the mortar cradle (6) outside, including step motor (81), reduction gear (82) that link to each other with step motor (81) output, connect in pinion (84) of reduction gear (82) output, with gear wheel (85) of pinion (84) meshing, the rear end of coupling mechanism (7) with gear wheel (85) fixed connection.

7. The automatic mortar coordination arm forward-loading device according to claim 6,

the connecting mechanism (7) comprises a coordination arm shaft chamber (71), an end cover (72), an inner connecting plate (73) and an outer connecting plate (74), wherein one end of the inner connecting plate (73) and one end of the outer connecting plate (74) are connected with a large gear (85), the other end of the inner connecting plate is connected with the coordination arm shaft chamber (71), a bearing (13) is located in the coordination arm shaft chamber (71), and a manipulator (11) is located outside the coordination arm shaft chamber (71).

8. Method for loading an automatic mortar coordination arm front loading device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

step one, when filling is started, a bullet (2) is pushed into a bullet holding cylinder body (32), at the moment, a bullet baffle (31) is in an open state, meanwhile, a push ring (35) and a stop lever (33) are located at an initial position, the stop lever (33) is in contact with the bullet baffle (31), the bullet baffle (31) is prevented from being closed, the push ring (35) and the bullet (2) are in contact and then move forwards together to compress a spring (34), meanwhile, the stop lever (33) moves together with the push ring (35), and when the stop lever (33) and the bullet baffle (31) are completely separated from contact, the bullet baffle (31) closes a bullet inlet of the bullet holding cylinder body (32) under the torsion action of a torsion spring, namely, the bullet enters a working position, and prevents the bullet (2) from sliding out;

step two, after the bullet baffle plate (31) completely enters a working position, the power system (8) starts to work, the stepping motor (81) rotates, the connecting mechanism (7), the coordination arm (1) and the bullet holding barrel (3) are driven to start to lift through the transmission of the speed reducer (82), the pinion (84) and the bull gear (85), when the coordination arm (1) lifts for a certain angle, the manipulator (11) starts to contact with the control panel (5), the coordination arm (1) and the bullet holding barrel (3) are driven to rotate around the axis of the coordination arm (1) and finally rotate for 90 degrees, the axis of a bullet (2) in the bullet holding barrel body (32) is aligned with the axis of the gun body (4), and centering is completed, in the centering process, the bullet baffle plate (31) contacts with the outer wall of the gun body (4) and is gradually rotated, the bullet (2) is pushed to slide into the gun body (4) under the action of self gravity and the compression force of the spring (34), meanwhile, the push ring (35) and the stop lever (33) move under the action of self gravity and the compression force of the spring (34), and finally the push ring (35) and the stop lever (33) return to the initial positions to enable the stop lever (33) to be in contact with the retainer plate (31) and prevent the retainer plate (31) from being closed;

and step three, a stepping motor (81) in the power system (8) rotates reversely to drive the connecting mechanism (7), the coordination arm (1) and the bomb-holding cylinder (3) to return to the bomb-receiving position far away from the axis of the gun body (4), and in the returning process, the coordination arm (1) and the bomb-holding cylinder (3) rotate reversely by 90 degrees integrally, so that the bomb-holding cylinder body (32) returns to the position when the loading starts, and a loading period is completed.

9. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the movement of the embracing drum (3) away from the axis of the barrel (4) in the third step is performed before the firing of the projectile (2).