CN114033603A - Friction disc type wave-activated generator - Google Patents
Friction disc type wave-activated generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN114033603A CN114033603A CN202111416563.5A CN202111416563A CN114033603A CN 114033603 A CN114033603 A CN 114033603A CN 202111416563 A CN202111416563 A CN 202111416563A CN 114033603 A CN114033603 A CN 114033603A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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Abstract
The invention relates to a friction disc type wave-activated generator, belonging to the technical field of new energy; the barrel is arranged on the seat plate through the vertical plate, and a barrel groove is arranged on the barrel wall; a shaft groove is arranged on the thick shaft of the rotating shaft, and a key groove is arranged on the thin shaft; the outer edge and the center of the fixed disc body are respectively provided with a fixed disc bump and a fixed disc hole, and two sides of the fixed disc body are provided with fixed additional layers; the side wall of the movable disc hole of the movable disc is provided with a movable disc bump, and two sides of the movable disc hole are provided with movable additional layers; the outer edge of the swinging plate body is provided with an ear plate, two sides of the swinging plate body are respectively provided with a swinging plate hole and a sinking cavity, and a shifting piece is installed on the wall of the sinking cavity; the outer edge of the rotary table is provided with convex teeth; the rotating shaft is arranged in the barrel, the thick shaft is sleeved with the fixed moving disk, and the convex blocks of the thick shaft are respectively inserted into the barrel groove and the shaft groove; the outermost fixed disc presses the force adjusting spring in a spring seat hole on the bottom of the barrel or the end cover; the rotating shaft extends out of the barrel bottom and is sleeved with a swinging disc and a rotating disc, the free end of the shifting piece is inserted into a tooth gap of the rotating disc, and the rotating disc is fixedly connected with the thin shaft; the swing disc ear plate is connected with the swing arm, and the swing arm provided with the frequency modulation block is connected with the stand vertical plate through a frequency modulation spring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy, and particularly relates to a friction disc type wave-activated generator.
Background
In order to meet the power supply requirements of micro-power electronic products, remote sensing and embedded monitoring systems and the like and avoid environment pollution caused by a large number of waste batteries, research on micro-generators or energy harvesters based on the principles of electromagnetism, friction, piezoelectricity and the like has become a leading-edge hotspot at home and abroad. In the aspect of constructing a micro-generator by utilizing various principles, a plurality of patent applications are applied at home and abroad, and energy sources relate to multiple aspects of vibration energy, fluid energy, rotation kinetic energy, human body movement energy and the like in the environment. In contrast, the prime mover of wave energy has wide range and high energy density, and has more development and application potential as a clean energy source. At present, most wave energy collection technologies adopt electromagnetic power generation for collection, and the wave energy collection technologies are limited by complex technology, high cost and the like, wherein a vibrating electromagnetic generator is low in energy conversion efficiency under low-frequency wave excitation, and large-scale popularization and application are limited to a certain extent. In view of this, various piezoelectric and friction wave generators are gradually proposed to meet the recycling requirement of low-frequency wave energy. In practical application, due to the structural principle or device characteristics, the existing wave power generators are basically in a contact separation type, the natural frequency of the system is fixed, contact impact and noise exist in the working process, and most importantly, the application requirements under excitation conditions of different sea area wave beating frequencies, wave heights and the like cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The friction disc type wave-activated generator mainly comprises a frame, an end cover, a rotating shaft, a swing arm, a force adjusting block, a force adjusting spring, a frequency adjusting spring, a flat key, a swinging disc, a fixed disc, a movable disc, a shifting sheet and a rotating disc, wherein the swinging disc, the swing arm, the frequency adjusting block and the frequency adjusting spring form an exciter.
The rack consists of two drums, a seat plate and two vertical plates, each drum consists of a drum wall and a drum bottom, and a drum groove is formed in the inner side of the drum wall of each drum and is an axial groove; the end cover is arranged at the end part of the barrel wall through screws, and the end cover and the barrel bottom of the barrel are both provided with a barrel bottom hole and a group of uniformly distributed spring seat holes which are blind holes and are uniformly distributed on the circumference coaxial with the barrel bottom hole; the cask is installed on the bedplate through two risers, and the barrel bottom of two casks is installed relatively.
The rotating shaft is composed of a thick shaft and thin shafts at two ends of the thick shaft, the thick shaft is coaxial with the thin shafts, a shaft groove is formed in the thick shaft, and a key groove is formed in the longer thin shaft.
A fixed disc bump and a fixed disc hole are respectively arranged on the outer edge and the center of a fixed disc body of the fixed disc, fixed additional layers are arranged on two sides of the fixed disc body, the fixed additional layers are composite layers formed by fixed electrode layers and fixed electrification layers, and the fixed electrode layers are close to the fixed disc body; the fixed electrode layer is of an integral annular structure, and the shapes and the sizes of the fixed electrode layer and the fixed disk body are respectively the same; the fixed electrification layers are of fan-shaped structures and are uniformly distributed, and the sum of central angles of the fixed electrification layers is less than 180 degrees; or the fixed electrode layers are only fixed electrode layers which are of fan-shaped structures and are uniformly distributed, and the sum of central angles of all the fixed electrode layers is less than 180 degrees.
A movable disc hole is formed in the center of a movable disc body of the movable disc, movable disc bumps are arranged on the circumference of the movable disc hole, movable additional layers are arranged on two sides of the movable disc body, each movable additional layer is a composite layer formed by a movable electrode layer and a movable starting electrode layer, and the movable electrode layer is close to the movable disc body; the movable electrode layer is of an integral annular structure, and the shapes and the sizes of the movable electrode layer and the movable disc body are respectively the same; the movable starting layers are of fan-shaped structures and are uniformly distributed, and the sum of central angles of all the movable starting layers is less than 180 degrees; or the movable additional layer is only a movable electrode layer which is of a fan-shaped structure and is uniformly distributed, and the sum of central angles of all the movable electrode layers is less than 180 degrees.
The outer edge of a swinging disc body of the swinging disc is provided with an ear plate, one side of the swinging disc body is provided with a swinging disc hole, the other side of the swinging disc body is provided with a sinking cavity, slots are uniformly distributed on the cavity wall of the sinking cavity, the slots are parallel to the axis of the swinging disc body, the heights of two slot walls of the slots are different, the long slot wall is far higher than the short slot wall, and the plane where the short slot wall is located passes through the axis of the swinging disc; the slot is embedded with a shifting piece, the free end of the shifting piece is not contacted with the wall of the long slot, namely the length of the non-clamping part of the shifting piece is greater than the height of the wall of the long slot.
The center of the turntable is provided with a turntable hole, the outer edge of the turntable is provided with convex teeth, the hole wall of the turntable hole is provided with key grooves, the convex teeth are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the convex teeth comprise flat tooth surfaces and oblique tooth surfaces, the plane of the flat tooth surfaces passes through the center of the turntable, and the tooth sharp angle between the flat tooth surfaces and the oblique tooth surfaces is an acute angle.
The rotating shafts are arranged in the two drums and are arranged on the drum bottom and the end cover through bearings, the inner rings of the bearings are sleeved on the thin shafts, and the outer rings of the bearings are arranged in drum bottom holes in the drum bottom and the end cover; the thick shaft of the rotating shaft is arranged in the barrel, the thick shaft is alternately sleeved with a fixed disc and a movable disc, the fixed disc and the movable disc are respectively and fixedly installed with the barrel and the rotating shaft, the fixed disc lug and the movable disc lug are respectively inserted into the barrel groove and the shaft groove, and the movable disc rotates along with the rotating shaft; the fixed disc on the outermost side sequentially presses the force adjusting block and the force adjusting spring in a spring seat hole on the end cover or the barrel bottom; a thin shaft of the rotating shaft extends out of a barrel bottom hole on the barrel bottom, a swinging disc and a rotating disc are sleeved on the extended thin shaft, the rotating disc is positioned in a sinking cavity of the swinging disc, the free end of a shifting sheet is inserted into a tooth gap of the rotating disc, and the tooth gap refers to a part between a flat tooth surface and an inclined tooth surface of two adjacent convex teeth; the swing disc hole of the swing disc is sleeved on the thin shaft, the swing disc can rotate around the thin shaft, and the rotary disc hole of the rotary disc is sleeved on the thin shaft and fixed through the flat key; the extending ends of the rotating shafts arranged on the two round barrels are opposite, the sunk cavities of the swinging disks arranged on the two rotating shafts are opposite, the ear plates of the swinging disks are connected with one end of a swinging arm through screws, a frequency modulation block is arranged on the swinging arm through a screw, the swinging arm is connected with two vertical plates of the rack through two frequency modulation springs, the mounting positions of the frequency modulation block and the frequency modulation springs on the swinging arm are adjustable, and the frequency modulation springs are perpendicular to the swinging arm during non-working.
In the invention, the thickness of the force adjusting block is changed to adjust the interaction force between the fixed disc and the movable disc.
In the invention, the swing arm can be positioned in a vertical plane or a horizontal plane when not in work and is respectively used for collecting energy of transverse vibration and longitudinal vibration; when the swing arm is in the horizontal plane, the distances from the two frequency modulation springs to the center of the rotating shaft are unequal.
In the invention, two fixed additional layers and two movable additional layers which are mutually contacted form a friction power generation unit, wherein one of the fixed additional layers and the movable additional layers is a composite layer or both are composite layers; when the fixed additional layer is only the fixed electrode layer, the movable additional layer is a composite layer consisting of a movable electrode layer and a movable electrification layer; when the movable additional layer is only a movable electrode layer, the fixed additional layer is a composite layer consisting of a fixed electrode layer and a fixed electrification layer; the number and central angle of sector elements uniformly distributed on the fixed additional layer and the movable additional layer are respectively equal, and the sector elements are sector fixed electrode layers, sector starting electric layers, sector movable electrode layers and sector starting electric layers; the materials of the fixed electrode layer and the movable electrode layer are aluminum or copper; in a triboelectric power generation unit, the materials of the fixed and movable electrification layers are two materials which are far away from each other in the triboelectric series, such as nylon and polytetrafluoroethylene, aluminum and polytetrafluoroethylene, and the like.
In the invention, the swinging disk and the swinging arm are both made of light non-metallic materials, and the mass of the swinging disk and the swinging arm is far less than that of the frequency modulation block; the natural frequency of the exciter is determined by the structural size, the number, the space position parameters and the like of the swinging disc, the swinging arm, the frequency modulation block and the frequency modulation spring, and the natural frequency of the exciter is adapted to the environmental vibration frequency, so that each rotating shaft generates a large enough swinging angle; after other structures and parameters are determined, the natural frequency of the exciter is adjusted through the mass of the frequency modulation block on the swing arm, the rigidity of the frequency modulation spring and the installation positions of the frequency modulation block and the frequency modulation spring, and the natural frequency of the exciter is
In the formula: zeta is damping ratio, k is rigidity of the frequency modulation spring, y1 and y2 are distances from the two frequency modulation springs to the center of the rotating shaft respectively, and m and x are distances from the mass of the frequency modulation block and the center of mass of the frequency modulation block to the center of the rotating shaft respectively.
In operation, the generator needs to be sealed in a closed shell and fixed in seawater through a spring or a flexible rope; under the impact of sea waves, the exciter swings back and forth under the action of the frequency modulation block, the swinging exciter drives the turntables to rotate in one direction through the plectrum, the rotation directions of the two turntables are opposite, one of the turntables rotates clockwise, and the other of the turntables rotates anticlockwise; the exciter oscillates back and forth once and the two turntables rotate one step each, as shown in figures 1, 2 and 3.
When the swing arm swings far in fig. 1, the left side swing disc swings in the opposite tooth direction, namely the swing arm swings rightwards in fig. 2, the plectrum abuts against the long groove wall and the flat tooth surface, the length of a plectrum cantilever is short, bending deformation does not occur, and the plectrum pushes the right side turntable to rotate anticlockwise by one step through the flat tooth surface; meanwhile, the right side swing disc swings along the tooth direction, namely the swing arm swings leftwards in the figure 3, the plectrum is separated from the long groove wall and is propped against the inclined tooth surface, the cantilever part of the plectrum is long, slides over the contacted inclined tooth surface after being bent and deformed, and enters the next tooth gap from one tooth gap; due to the friction force between the fixed disc and the movable disc, the left rotating disc keeps relatively static, namely does not rotate along with the swinging of the swinging disc.
When the swing arm swings to the near side in fig. 1, the left swing disc swings along the tooth direction, namely the swing arm swings to the left in fig. 2, the plectrum is separated from the long groove wall and abuts against the inclined tooth surface, the cantilever part of the plectrum is long, slides over the contacted inclined tooth surface after being bent and deformed and enters the next tooth space, and the rotary disc on the left side keeps relatively static; meanwhile, the right side swing disc swings in the opposite tooth direction, namely the swing arm swings rightwards in the drawing 3, the shifting piece abuts against the long groove wall and the flat tooth surface, the length of the cantilever of the shifting piece is short, bending deformation does not occur, and the shifting piece pushes the left turntable to rotate clockwise by one step through the flat tooth surface.
In the step-by-step rotation process of the rotating disc driven by the exciter, the rotating disc drives the movable disc to rotate through the rotating shaft, the movable disc and the fixed disc slide relatively and convert mechanical energy into electric energy, and the electric energy is stored or output after conversion processing.
Advantages and features: the vibration caused by waves is converted into continuous rotation, so that impact and noise caused by contact-separation type friction power generation are avoided, and the motion conversion mechanism is simple and reliable; the multiple groups of power generation units generate power synchronously, and the energy density per unit volume is high; the natural frequency of the excitation system is easily obtained through the design of the spring stiffness and the mass of the inertia block, the natural frequency is easily adjusted by changing the position of the inertia block after delivery, and the frequency modulation method is simple and has wide application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a view B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the frame in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a left side view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a surface plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a left side view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the construction of the cam plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a left side view of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a structure of a rotating shaft according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a right side view of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a wobble plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a left side view of FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a turntable according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A friction disc type wave-activated generator mainly comprises a rack a, an end cover b, a rotating shaft c, a swing arm d, a force adjusting block e, a frequency adjusting block f, a force adjusting spring k1, a frequency adjusting spring k2, a flat key g, a swing disc h, a fixed disc j, a movable disc i, a shifting sheet m and a rotating disc n, wherein an exciter is formed by the swing disc h, the swing arm d, the frequency adjusting block f and the frequency adjusting spring k 2.
The machine frame a is composed of two drums a0, a seat plate a1 and two vertical plates a2, the drum a0 is composed of a drum wall a3 and a drum bottom a4, a drum groove a7 is arranged on the inner side of the drum wall a3 of the drum a0, and the drum groove a7 is an axial groove; the end cover b is arranged at the end part of the barrel wall a3 through screws, barrel bottom holes a5 and a group of uniformly distributed spring seat holes a6 are arranged on the end cover b and the barrel bottom a4 of the barrel a0, and the spring seat holes a6 are blind holes and are uniformly distributed on the circumference which is coaxial with the barrel bottom holes a 5; the barrel a0 is mounted on the seat plate a1 through two vertical plates a2, and the barrel bottoms a4 of the two barrels a0 are oppositely mounted.
The rotating shaft c is composed of a thick shaft c1 and thin shafts c2 at two ends of the thick shaft c1, the thick shaft c1 is coaxial with the thin shaft c2, a shaft groove a3 is formed in the thick shaft c1, and a key groove c4 is formed in the long thin shaft c 2.
A fixed disc bump j4 and a fixed disc hole j3 are respectively arranged on the outer edge and the center of a fixed disc j1 of the fixed disc j, fixed additional layers j2 are arranged on two sides of the fixed disc j1, the fixed additional layers j2 are composite layers formed by a fixed electrode layer j21 and a fixed starting electrical layer j22, and the fixed electrode layer j21 is close to the fixed disc j 1; the fixed electrode layer j21 is of an integral annular structure, and the shape and the size of the fixed electrode layer j21 are respectively the same as those of the fixed disc body j 1; the fixed electrification layers j22 are of sector structures and are uniformly distributed, and the sum of central angles of the fixed electrification layers j22 is less than 180 degrees; or the fixed electrode layer j2 is only the fixed electrode layer j21, the fixed electrode layer j21 is of a fan-shaped structure and is uniformly distributed, and the sum of central angles of the fixed electrode layers j21 is less than 180 degrees.
A movable disc hole i3 is formed in the center of a movable disc body i1 of the movable disc i, a movable disc bump i4 is arranged on the circumference of a movable disc hole i3, movable additional layers i2 are arranged on two sides of the movable disc body i1, a movable additional layer i2 is a composite layer formed by a movable electrode layer i21 and a movable starting electric layer i22, and a movable electrode layer i21 is close to the movable disc body i 1; the movable electrode layer i21 is an integral annular structure, and the shape and the size of the movable electrode layer i21 and the movable disc body i1 are respectively the same; the dynamic starting layers i22 are of sector structures and are uniformly distributed, and the sum of central angles of the dynamic starting layers i22 is less than 180 degrees; or the dynamic additional layer i2 is only the dynamic electrode layer i21, the dynamic electrode layer i21 is of a fan-shaped structure and is uniformly distributed, and the sum of central angles of the dynamic electrode layers i21 is less than 180 degrees.
The outer edge of a wobble plate h0 of the wobble plate h is provided with an ear plate h1, one side of the wobble plate h0 is provided with a wobble plate hole h2, the other side of the wobble plate h0 is provided with a sinking cavity h3, the cavity wall of the sinking cavity h3 is uniformly provided with slots h4, the slots h4 are parallel to the axis of the wobble plate h0, the heights of two slot walls of the slots h4 are different, the long slot wall h5 is far higher than the short slot wall h6, and the plane where the short slot wall h6 is located passes through the axis of the wobble plate h; a plectrum m is embedded in the slot h4, the free end of the plectrum m is not contacted with the long slot wall h5, namely the length of the non-clamping part of the plectrum m is greater than the height of the long slot wall h 5.
The center of the turntable n is provided with a turntable hole n0, the outer edge of the turntable n is provided with a convex tooth n1, the hole wall of the turntable hole n0 is provided with a key groove n2, the convex teeth n1 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the convex tooth n1 is composed of a flat tooth surface n3 and an inclined tooth surface n4, the plane where the flat tooth surface n3 is located passes through the center O of the turntable n, and the tooth sharp angle n5 between the flat tooth surface n3 and the inclined tooth surface n4 is an acute angle.
The rotating shafts c are arranged in the two drums a0 and are arranged on the drum bottom a4 and the end cover b through bearings, the inner rings of the bearings are sleeved on the thin shaft c2, and the outer rings of the bearings are arranged in drum bottom holes a5 on the drum bottom a4 and the end cover b; a thick shaft c1 of the rotating shaft c is arranged in the barrel a0, a fixed disc j and a movable disc i are alternately sleeved on the thick shaft c1, the fixed disc j and the movable disc i are fixedly installed with the barrel a0 and the rotating shaft c respectively, a fixed disc bump j4 and a movable disc bump i4 are inserted into the barrel groove a7 and the shaft groove a3 respectively, and the movable disc i rotates along with the rotating shaft c; the outermost fixed disc j presses the force adjusting block e and the force adjusting spring k1 in turn in the spring seat hole a6 on the end cover b or the barrel bottom a 4; a thin shaft c2 of the rotating shaft c extends out of a barrel bottom hole a5 on a barrel bottom a4, a swinging disc h and a rotating disc n are sleeved on the extended thin shaft c2, the rotating disc n is positioned in a sinking cavity h3 of the swinging disc h, the free end of a plectrum m is inserted into a tooth space n6 of the rotating disc n, and a tooth space n6 refers to a part between a flat tooth surface n3 and an inclined tooth surface n4 of two adjacent convex teeth n 1; a swinging disc hole h2 of the swinging disc h is sleeved on the thin shaft c2, the swinging disc h can rotate around the thin shaft c2, and a turntable hole n0 of the turntable n is sleeved on the thin shaft c2 and fixed through a flat key g; the extending ends of rotating shafts c arranged on two round barrels a0 are opposite, sunk cavities h3 of swinging disks h arranged on the two rotating shafts c are opposite, ear plates h1 of the swinging disks h are connected with one end of a swinging arm d through screws, a frequency adjusting block f is arranged on the swinging arm d through screws, the swinging arm d is connected with two vertical plates a2 of a rack a through two frequency adjusting springs k2, the installation positions of the frequency adjusting block f and the frequency adjusting spring k2 on the swinging arm d are adjustable, and the frequency adjusting spring k2 is perpendicular to the swinging arm d during non-work.
In the invention, the interaction force between the fixed disc j and the movable disc i can be adjusted by changing the thickness of the force adjusting block e.
In the invention, the swing arm d can be positioned in a vertical plane or a horizontal plane when not in work and is respectively used for collecting energy of transverse and longitudinal vibration; when the swing arm d is positioned in the horizontal plane, the distances from the two frequency modulation springs to the center of the rotating shaft c are unequal.
In the invention, a friction power generation unit is formed by a fixed additional layer j2 and a movable additional layer i2 which are mutually contacted, one of the fixed additional layer j2 and the movable additional layer i2 is a composite layer or both of the fixed additional layer j2 and the movable additional layer i2 are composite layers; when the fixed additional layer j2 is only the fixed electrode layer j21, the movable additional layer i2 is a composite layer consisting of a movable electrode layer i21 and a movable electrode layer i 22; when the dynamic additional layer i2 is only the dynamic electrode layer i21, the fixed additional layer j2 is a composite layer consisting of a fixed electrode layer j21 and a fixed electrode layer j 22; the number and central angle of sector elements uniformly distributed on the fixed additional layer j2 and the movable additional layer i2 are respectively equal, and the sector elements refer to a sector-shaped fixed electrode layer j21, a fixed starting electric layer j22, a movable electrode layer i21 and a movable starting electric layer i 22; the materials of the fixed electrode layer j21 and the movable electrode layer i21 are aluminum or copper; in a friction power generation unit, the materials of the static electrification layer j22 and the dynamic electrification layer i22 are two materials which are far away from each other in a friction power generation sequence, such as nylon and polytetrafluoroethylene, aluminum and polytetrafluoroethylene, and the like.
In the invention, the swinging disk h and the swinging arm d are both made of light non-metallic materials, and the mass of the swinging disk h and the swinging arm d is far less than that of the frequency modulation block f; the swinging disk h, the swinging arm d, the frequency modulation block f and the frequency modulation spring k2 form an exciter, the natural frequency of the exciter is determined by the structural size, the number, the space position parameters and the like of the swinging disk h, the swinging arm d, the frequency modulation block f and the frequency modulation spring k2, the natural frequency of the exciter is adapted to the environmental vibration frequency, and then the rotating shafts c generate a large enough swinging angle; after other structures and parameters are determined, the natural frequency of the exciter is adjusted through the mass of the frequency modulation block f on the swing arm d, the rigidity of the frequency modulation spring k2 and the installation positions of the frequency modulation block f and the frequency modulation spring k2, and the natural frequency of the exciter is
In the formula: ζ is the damping ratio, k is the stiffness of the tuning spring k2, y1 and y2 are the distances from the two tuning springs k2 to the center of the rotating shaft c, respectively, and m and x are the mass of the tuning mass f and the distance from the center of mass of the tuning mass f to the center of the rotating shaft c, respectively.
In operation, the generator needs to be sealed in a closed shell and fixed in seawater through a spring or a flexible rope; under the impact of sea waves, the exciter swings back and forth under the action of the frequency modulation block f, the swinging exciter drives the turntables n to rotate in a single direction through the plectrum m, the rotation directions of the two turntables n are opposite, one of the turntables n rotates clockwise, and the other turntable rotates anticlockwise; the exciter oscillates back and forth once and the two discs n rotate one step each, as shown in figures 1, 2 and 3.
When the swing arm d swings far in fig. 1, the left side swing disc h swings in the opposite tooth direction, namely the swing arm d swings rightwards in fig. 2, the plectrum m abuts against the long groove wall h5 and the flat tooth surface n3, the cantilever of the plectrum m is short in length and does not bend and deform, and the plectrum m pushes the right side turntable n to rotate anticlockwise by one step through the flat tooth surface n 3; meanwhile, the right side swinging disc h swings along the tooth direction, namely the swinging arm d swings leftwards in fig. 3, the plectrum m is separated from the long groove wall h5 and abuts against the inclined tooth surface n4, the cantilever part of the plectrum m is long, bends and deforms, then slides over the contacted inclined tooth surface n4, and enters the next tooth gap n6 from one tooth gap n 6; due to the friction force between the fixed disk j and the movable disk i, the rotating disk n on the left side keeps relatively static, namely does not rotate along with the swinging of the swinging disk h.
When the swing arm d swings to the near side in fig. 1, the left swing disc h swings along the tooth direction, namely the swing arm swings to the left in fig. 2, the plectrum m is separated from the long groove wall h5 and is abutted against the inclined tooth surface n4, the cantilever part of the plectrum m slides from the contacted inclined tooth surface n4 after being long and bent and deformed, and enters the next tooth space n6, and the rotary disc n on the left side keeps relatively static; meanwhile, the right side swing disc h swings in the opposite tooth direction, namely the swing arm swings rightwards in the drawing 3, the plectrum m abuts against the long groove wall h5 and the flat tooth surface n3, the cantilever of the plectrum m is short in length and does not bend and deform, and the plectrum m pushes the left side turntable n to rotate clockwise by one step through the flat tooth surface n 3.
In the step-by-step rotation process of the rotating disc n driven by the exciter, the rotating disc n drives the movable disc i to rotate through the rotating shaft c, the movable disc i and the fixed disc j slide relatively and convert mechanical energy into electric energy, and the electric energy is stored or output after conversion processing.
Claims (4)
1. A friction disc wave-activated generator characterized by: the barrel is arranged on the seat plate through the vertical plate to form a rack, and a barrel groove is formed in the inner side of the barrel wall of the barrel; the barrel bottom and the end cover at the end part of the barrel wall of the barrel are provided with barrel bottom holes and uniformly distributed spring seat holes; the rotating shaft consists of a thick shaft with a shaft groove and thin shafts at two ends of the thick shaft; a fixed disc bump and a fixed disc hole are respectively arranged on the outer edge and the center of the fixed disc body of the fixed disc, and fixed additional layers are respectively arranged on two sides of the fixed disc body; a movable disc bump is arranged on the side wall of a movable disc hole in the center of a movable disc body of the movable disc, and movable additional layers are arranged on both sides of the movable disc body; the outer edge of the swing disc body of the swing disc is provided with an ear plate, one side of the swing disc body is provided with a swing disc hole, the other side of the swing disc body is provided with a sinking cavity, inserting grooves are evenly distributed on the cavity wall of the sinking cavity, and poking sheets are embedded in the inserting grooves; convex teeth are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the turntable, and key grooves are formed in the hole wall of the turntable hole; the rotating shaft is arranged on the barrel bottom and the end cover, the fixed disc and the movable disc are alternately sleeved on the thick shaft in the barrel, and the fixed disc lug and the movable disc lug are respectively inserted into the barrel groove and the shaft groove; the fixed disc on the outermost side sequentially presses the force adjusting block and the force adjusting spring in a spring seat hole on the end cover or the barrel bottom; a thin shaft at one end of the rotating shaft extends out through a barrel bottom hole and is sleeved with a swinging disc and a rotating disc, and the free end of the shifting piece is inserted into a tooth gap of the rotating disc; the swinging disc can rotate around the thin shaft, and the rotating disc is fixed on the thin shaft through a flat key; the sinking cavities of the swinging plates arranged on the two rotating shafts are opposite; the ear plates of the two swing disks are connected with the end parts of the swing arms, the swing arms are provided with frequency modulation blocks, the swing arms are connected with the vertical plates of the rack through frequency modulation springs, and the installation positions of the frequency modulation blocks and the frequency modulation springs on the swing arms are adjustable.
2. A friction disc wave generator according to claim 1, wherein: the heights of the two slot walls of the slot are different, and the long slot wall is far higher than the short slot wall; the convex teeth are composed of flat tooth surfaces and inclined tooth surfaces, and the planes of the flat tooth surfaces and the short slot walls of the slots pass through the axis of the pendulum shaft.
3. A friction disc wave generator according to claim 1, wherein: one or both of the fixed additional layer and the movable additional layer are composite layers; when the fixed additional layer is only a fixed electrode layer, the movable additional layer consists of a movable electrode layer and a movable electrification layer; when the movable additional layer is only a movable electrode layer, the fixed additional layer is composed of a fixed electrode layer and a fixed electrification layer.
4. A friction disc wave generator according to claim 1, wherein: the swing arm can be vertically positioned in a vertical plane or a horizontal plane and is used for collecting energy of transverse vibration and longitudinal vibration respectively.
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