CN114032767A - Suspension bridge gravity type anchorage and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Suspension bridge gravity type anchorage and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114032767A CN114032767A CN202111414668.7A CN202111414668A CN114032767A CN 114032767 A CN114032767 A CN 114032767A CN 202111414668 A CN202111414668 A CN 202111414668A CN 114032767 A CN114032767 A CN 114032767A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/14—Towers; Anchors ; Connection of cables to bridge parts; Saddle supports
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D11/00—Suspension or cable-stayed bridges
- E01D11/02—Suspension bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of bridges, in particular to a suspension bridge gravity type anchorage and a construction method thereof, wherein an anchorage structure comprises a foundation, the foundation comprises a side surface, a bottom surface and a top surface, the side surface is obliquely arranged from top to bottom towards the bottom surface, and the top surface is larger than the bottom surface in size; the width of the cross section of the side surface along the transverse bridge direction is gradually narrowed from back to front along the longitudinal bridge direction towards the side where the main cable is located. The suspension bridge gravity type anchorage provided by the invention has the advantages of excellent stress performance, strong anti-slip and anti-overturning capabilities, low requirement on the bearing capacity of a substrate, adaptability to different terrain and geological conditions around the anchorage by adopting different inclination angles in various directions on the side surface of the foundation, and strong environmental adaptability; in addition, due to the structural characteristics of the anchorage foundation, the excavated earth volume is small, the concrete pouring volume is small, the influence on the environment is small, the cost is reduced, the excavation gradient of the pit is consistent with the inclination degree of the foundation during construction, formwork erection and backfilling procedures are not needed, and the construction period is short.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridges, in particular to a suspension bridge gravity type anchorage and a construction method thereof.
Background
The anchor is one of core components of a suspension bridge, the suspension bridge mostly adopts gravity anchors, the difference of the structure of various gravity anchors is mainly reflected in the foundation, and the common foundation form is as follows: enlarged foundations, box foundations, diaphragm wall foundations, caisson foundations, pile foundations, and composite foundations.
The topography is flat in coastal area and inland river beach area, and the construction operation face is wide and the ground is mostly sandy cobble or soft rock, is fit for adopting open caisson, underground continuous wall or pile foundation + to enlarge the basis. In mountainous areas, particularly western areas of China, the working conditions are complex, the terrain relief is large, the seismic intensity is high, the ecological environment is weak, great difficulty and requirements are provided for selecting the anchor foundation structural form and selecting the geographical environment which is adaptive to the requirements of the basic geological environment and has a proper position, the construction difficulty is large, the risk is high, and the cost is high, for example:
firstly, large construction equipment is difficult to enter a field due to steep terrain in mountainous areas, manual excavation is performed most of the time, the operating space of the underground continuous wall foundation is small, the foundation is deep, and the construction risk is high; secondly, the pile foundation is high in cost, and steep terrain cannot be constructed by a drilling machine, so that the risk of manual hole digging is high; and thirdly, in order to meet the bearing capacity requirement, the traditional enlarged foundation and box type foundation are deeply embedded, the side slope excavation amount is large, the influence on the environment is large, a formwork is built after the side slope is set to be slope for construction safety, then concrete is poured, the side slope is backfilled after concrete anchor is formed, the concrete pouring amount is large, and the construction cost is high.
Therefore, for the construction of the suspension bridge in the mountainous area environment, the construction form and the construction scheme of the anchorage of the suspension bridge need to be innovated, the influence on the environment is reduced to the minimum according to local conditions, the construction investment is saved to the minimum, and the technical problem which needs to be overcome all the time is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the suspension bridge gravity type anchorage and the construction method thereof are provided, aiming at the problems that the suspension bridge gravity type anchorage in the prior art is high in terrain construction difficulty and construction risk in mountainous areas, large in required side slope excavation and concrete volume, high in construction cost and large in environmental influence, and the suspension bridge gravity type anchorage is novel in structural form, excellent in stress performance, low in construction cost, high in environmental adaptability, small in required excavation amount and concrete pouring volume during construction, short in construction period, low in construction risk and environment-friendly.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a suspension bridge gravity type anchorage comprises a foundation, wherein the foundation comprises a side surface, a bottom surface and a top surface, the side surface is obliquely arranged from top to bottom towards the bottom surface, and the size of the top surface is larger than that of the bottom surface; the width of the cross section of the side surface along the transverse bridge direction is gradually narrowed from back to front along the longitudinal bridge direction towards the side where the main cable is located.
According to the gravity type anchorage of the suspension bridge, the side surface of the foundation is obliquely arranged from top to bottom towards the bottom surface of the foundation, wherein the size of the bottom surface is smaller than that of the top surface, so that the oblique side surfaces in all directions on the foundation and the bottom surface of the foundation bear load together, the bearing area is increased, and the stress level of the foundation is reduced (the bearing capacity of the foundation is higher); under the action of the tension of the main cable strands, compared with a box-type foundation, the anchor structure mainly utilizes the frictional resistance of the base to resist sliding, and can also utilize the component force generated by gravity in the tangential direction on a pressed inclined plane as the anti-sliding resistance besides utilizing the frictional resistance of the base to resist sliding; in addition, as the foundation of the anchor structure is obliquely arranged on the side surface facing the side of the main cable, compared with a box-type foundation with the same floor area, the force arm of the main cable rotating around the upper edge of the front side surface is reduced, so that the anti-overturning capacity of the structure is improved; in addition, the width of the cross section of the side surface of the foundation in the transverse bridge direction is gradually narrowed from back to front in the longitudinal bridge direction towards the side where the main cable is located, so that the bearing action surface between the foundation and the foundation pit is increased, the frictional resistance is increased, the embedding effect of the foundation and the foundation is fully exerted, and the anti-sliding and anti-overturning capacity of the structure is further improved.
The suspension bridge gravity type anchorage provided by the invention has the advantages that the bearing performance is excellent, the anti-sliding and anti-overturning capabilities are strong, the requirement on the bearing capacity of a base is low, technicians can adapt to different terrains and geological conditions around the anchorage by adopting different inclination angles in each direction of the side surface of the base, the environmental adaptability is strong, and the construction difficulty is reduced; in addition, due to the structural characteristics of the anchor foundation, under the condition of the same floor area and the same excavation foundation burial depth, compared with the condition of enlarging the foundation and the box type foundation, the excavated earth volume is small, the concrete pouring volume is small, the environmental influence is small, and the cost is also reduced.
Preferably, the side face includes a front end inclined face, a rear end inclined face and two lateral inclined faces, the front end inclined face and the rear end inclined face are oppositely arranged along the longitudinal bridge direction, two sides of the front end inclined face and two sides of the rear end inclined face are respectively connected through one lateral inclined face, and the front end inclined face is arranged facing one side of the main cable.
The anchor foundation model is simple in structure and convenient to simplify, so that structural parameters such as the inclination angle of the anchor foundation structure can be obtained according to actual working conditions, the stress performance is excellent, and construction is convenient.
Preferably, the included angle of the front end inclined plane and the lateral inclined planes on the two sides on the cross section is larger than 90 degrees, so that the side face of the foundation facing the side where the main cable is located has pressure bearing faces along the two sides in the longitudinal bridge direction, the pressure bearing area is large, the embedding effect is more remarkable, and the anti-sliding performance is favorably improved.
Preferably, the included angle alpha between the front end inclined plane and the horizontal plane is 29-45 degrees, so that the foundation can be safely constructed, and the slope is stable.
Preferably, the included angle beta between the rear end inclined plane and the horizontal plane is more than or equal to alpha, and the inclination degree of the front end inclined plane should be slower than that of the rear end inclined plane, so that the front end bearing acting surface has enough frictional resistance. The inclination angles of the front end inclined plane and the rear end inclined plane are determined according to the slope releasing requirement and the actual situation of contact stress relation between the gravity anchor and the foundation.
Preferably, the gravity type anchorage also comprises a bearing platform and an anchor body, wherein the anchor body is positioned at the upper part of the bearing platform, the foundation is positioned at the lower part of the bearing platform, the anchor body, the bearing platform and the foundation are of an integrally cast structure, and the size of the cross section of the bearing platform is larger than that of the cross section of the foundation.
Preferably, the side surface comprises at least two side surface sections, and the two adjacent side surface sections are connected through a step surface.
The arrangement of the step surface further increases the gravity bearing surface, is beneficial to reducing the stress of the substrate, and can also be used as a horizontal table surface corresponding to the step surface in the deep foundation pit excavation, so that the stability of the side slope is improved, the construction safety is improved, and then the horizontal table surface is used as a construction machinery bearing platform, so that the construction and earthwork transportation are facilitated, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the inclination degrees of the two side surface sections adjacent to each other above and below each step surface are the same, that is, the inclination degrees of all the side surface sections in the same side surface are the same, which is favorable for simplifying the design calculation of the inclination angle.
On the other hand, the construction method provided by the invention based on the suspension bridge gravity type anchorage comprises the following steps:
A. acquiring inclination angles alpha and beta of a suspension bridge gravity type anchorage arranged along a longitudinal bridge direction, wherein alpha is an inclination angle between the side of an anchorage foundation facing a main cable and a horizontal plane, and beta is an inclination angle between the side of the foundation far away from the main cable and the horizontal plane;
B. excavating the whole foundation pit according to the designed inclination angle and the shape and the structural size of the anchorage foundation;
C. and taking a horizontal table surface formed by excavating the corresponding step surface in the foundation pit as a bearing platform of the construction machinery, binding reinforcing steel bars, taking the excavated slope surface as a template, and pouring concrete into the foundation pit in layers.
According to the construction method of the gravity type anchorage of the suspension bridge, provided by the invention, the slope gradient of the release slope is determined by selecting a reasonable inclination angle in advance according to actual geological conditions and the cable tension of the main cable, so that the anti-sliding and anti-overturning performances of the structure are ensured; when a foundation pit is excavated, the excavation is directly carried out according to the designed foundation shape and the structural size thereof and the inclination degree of the foundation relative to the horizontal plane, then the casting construction of the anchorage concrete structure is implemented, and the foundation structure formed by taking the excavated slope surface as a template is basically consistent with the foundation structure designed according to the stress requirement.
Compared with the traditional box-type foundation construction which is safe in maintenance and construction, the actual excavation volume of the box-type foundation construction is far larger than the foundation occupation volume, the influence on the environment is large, the foundation pit is deep, and the construction risk is high; in addition, when the construction, through the horizontal mesa that corresponds with basic step face of construction on slope surface, alleviated the domatic ground gliding thrust of deep basal pit excavation, improved side slope stability, improved construction safety nature, horizontal mesa also can be used for construction machinery's load-bearing platform simultaneously, and convenient construction has reduced the construction degree of difficulty, has improved the efficiency of construction.
Preferably, the excavation of the foundation pit comprises the following steps: B1. firstly, excavating a foundation pit corresponding to the part above the step surface of the foundation; B2. after excavation of a foundation pit corresponding to the part above the step surface of the foundation is finished, reserving a horizontal table surface with a set distance and leveling, wherein the position and the size of the horizontal table surface correspond to those of the step surface; B3. and continuously excavating the foundation pit inwards from the part below the step surface of the foundation corresponding to the horizontal table surface.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the suspension bridge gravity type anchorage provided by the invention has the advantages that the bearing performance is excellent, the anti-sliding and anti-overturning capabilities are strong, the requirement on the bearing capacity of a base is low, technicians can adapt to different terrains and geological conditions around the anchorage by adopting different inclination angles in each direction of the side surface of the base, the environmental adaptability is strong, and the construction difficulty is reduced; in addition, due to the anchor foundation structure, under the condition of the same floor area and the same excavation foundation burial depth, compared with the condition of enlarging the foundation and the box type foundation, the excavation earth and stone volume of the anchor foundation structure is less, the excavation earth and stone volume can be reduced by 35% compared with the similar gravity anchor structure, the influence on the environment is small, the concrete pouring volume is small, the cost is reduced, the excavation slope of the pit is consistent with the inclination degree of the foundation during construction, the formwork erection and backfilling procedures are not needed, the construction period is short, and the construction difficulty is small.
2. The gravity type anchorage of the suspension bridge provided by the invention utilizes the advantages of the structure, not only resists the pulling force by the self weight, but also combines the stress characteristic between the structure and the foundation to resist the sliding and overturning together, thereby furthest exerting the structural potential and saving the material cost: on the premise of the same safety factor, concrete and steel are saved by 30% and 25%.
3. According to the gravity type anchorage of the suspension bridge, the step surface is arranged on the inclined side surface, the gravity bearing surface is further increased, the reduction of the base stress is facilitated, correspondingly, a horizontal table top matched with the step surface needs to be constructed in the deep foundation pit construction stage, the stability of a side slope can be improved based on the arrangement of the horizontal table top, the risk factors of leakage, slippage, cracking, instability and the like caused by the traditional deep foundation pit excavation are avoided, the construction safety is improved, the horizontal table top can be further used as a construction machinery bearing platform, the construction and earthwork transportation are facilitated, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.
4. Compared with the traditional box-type foundation construction which is safe in maintenance and construction, the actual excavation volume of the box-type foundation construction is far larger than the foundation occupation volume, the influence on the environment is large, the foundation pit is deep, and the construction risk is high; in addition, when the construction, through the horizontal mesa that corresponds with basic step face of construction on slope surface, alleviated the domatic ground gliding thrust of deep basal pit excavation, improved side slope stability, improved construction safety nature, horizontal mesa also can be used for construction machinery's load-bearing platform simultaneously, and convenient construction has reduced the construction degree of difficulty, has improved the efficiency of construction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a suspension bridge gravity type anchorage in use.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a suspension bridge gravity type anchor in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a front view of a suspension bridge gravity tie back.
Figure 4 is a bottom view of a suspension bridge gravity tie back.
Figure 5 is a right side view of a suspension bridge gravity anchorage.
Icon: 1-a base; 11-side; 111-front end inclined plane; 112-rear inclined plane; 113-a laterally inclined plane; 11A-step surface; 12-a bottom surface; 2-a bearing platform; 3-an anchor body; 31-a saddle buttress; 32-a front anchor chamber; 33-an anchor block; 4-main cable.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
A suspension bridge gravity type anchorage is disclosed, as shown in figures 1-5, comprising a foundation 1, wherein the foundation 1 comprises a side surface 11, a bottom surface 12 and a top surface, the side surface 11 of the foundation 1 is obliquely arranged from top to bottom towards the bottom surface 12, and the size of the bottom surface 12 is smaller than that of the top surface; the width of the cross section of the side surface 11 along the transverse bridge direction is gradually narrowed from back to front along the longitudinal bridge direction towards the side where the main cable is located.
In the suspension bridge gravity type anchorage provided by the embodiment, the base side surface is obliquely arranged from top to bottom towards the base bottom surface, wherein the size of the bottom surface is smaller than that of the top surface, so that the oblique side surfaces in all directions on the base and the base bottom surface bear load together, the bearing area is increased, and the stress level of the base is reduced (the bearing capacity of the base is higher); under the action of the tension of the main cable strands, compared with a box-type foundation, the anchor structure mainly utilizes the frictional resistance of the base to resist sliding, and can also utilize the component force generated by gravity in the tangential direction on a pressed inclined plane as the anti-sliding resistance besides utilizing the frictional resistance of the base to resist sliding; in addition, as the foundation of the anchor structure is obliquely arranged on the side surface facing the side of the main cable, compared with a box-type foundation with the same floor area, the force arm of the main cable rotating around the upper edge of the front side surface is reduced, so that the anti-overturning capacity of the structure is improved; in addition, the width of the cross section of the side surface of the foundation in the transverse bridge direction is gradually narrowed from back to front in the longitudinal bridge direction towards the side where the main cable is located, so that the bearing action surface between the foundation and the foundation pit is increased, the frictional resistance is increased, the embedding effect of the foundation and the foundation is fully exerted, and the anti-sliding and anti-overturning capacity of the structure is further improved.
The suspension bridge gravity type anchorage provided by the embodiment has the advantages that the bearing performance is excellent, the anti-sliding and anti-overturning capabilities are strong, the requirement on the bearing capacity of the base is low, technicians can adapt to different terrains and geological conditions around the anchorage by adopting different inclination angles in each direction of the side surface of the base, the environmental adaptability is strong, and the construction difficulty is reduced; in addition, due to the structural characteristics of the anchor foundation, under the condition of the same floor area and the same excavation foundation burial depth, compared with the condition of enlarging the foundation and the box type foundation, the excavated earth volume is small, the concrete pouring volume is small, the environmental influence is small, and the cost is also reduced.
In one embodiment, the side surface 11 includes a front end inclined surface 111, a rear end inclined surface 112 and two side inclined surfaces 113, the front end inclined surface 111 and the rear end inclined surface 112 are disposed opposite to each other in the longitudinal bridge direction, both sides of the front end inclined surface 111 and the rear end inclined surface 112 are connected by one side inclined surface 113, and the front end inclined surface 111 is disposed facing the main cable 4. The anchor foundation 1 model is simple in structure and convenient to simplify, so that structural parameters such as the inclination angle of the anchor foundation 1 structure can be obtained according to actual working conditions, the stress performance is excellent, and construction is convenient.
The included angles of the front end inclined plane 111 and the lateral inclined planes 113 on the two sides on the cross section are larger than 90 degrees, so that the side face of the foundation facing the side where the main cable is located has pressure bearing faces along the two sides in the longitudinal bridge direction, the pressure bearing area is large, the embedding effect is more remarkable, and the anti-sliding performance is favorably improved. The included angle alpha between the front end inclined surface 111 and the horizontal plane ranges from 29 degrees to 45 degrees, so that the foundation can be safely constructed, and the slope is released stably; the inclination of the front inclined surface should be less than that of the rear inclined surface, so that the front pressure-bearing surface has enough frictional resistance, i.e. the included angle beta between the rear inclined surface 112 and the horizontal plane is not less than alpha. In practice, the inclination angles of the front end inclined surface 111 and the rear end inclined surface 112 are determined according to the requirements of grade release and the actual situation of contact stress relation between the gravity anchor and the foundation.
As a specific implementation mode, the side face comprises at least two side face sections, and the two adjacent side face sections are connected through a step face 11A.
The arrangement of the step surface further increases the gravity bearing surface, is beneficial to reducing the stress of the substrate, and can also be used as a horizontal table surface corresponding to the step surface in the deep foundation pit excavation, so that the stability of the side slope is improved, the construction safety is improved, and then the horizontal table surface is used as a construction machinery bearing platform, so that the construction and earthwork transportation are facilitated, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Further, the inclination degrees of the two adjacent side surface sections above and below each step surface 11A are the same, that is, the inclination degrees of all the side surface sections in the same side surface are the same, which is beneficial to the simplified design calculation of the inclination angle.
Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the front end inclined surface 111, the rear end inclined surface 112 and the side inclined surfaces 113 on both sides are provided with a step surface 11A, and the step surfaces 11A are arranged in the circumferential direction.
The gravity type anchorage also comprises a bearing platform 2 and an anchor body 3, wherein the anchor body 3 is positioned on the upper part of the bearing platform 2, the foundation 1 is positioned on the lower part of the bearing platform 2, the anchor body 3, the bearing platform 2 and the foundation 1 are of an integrated pouring structure, and the cross section size of the bearing platform 2 is larger than that of the foundation 1. Specifically, the anchor body 3 comprises a saddle-dispersed buttress 31, a front anchor chamber 32 and an anchor block 33, wherein the front anchor chamber 32 is positioned at the front end of the anchor block 33, the saddle-dispersed buttress 31 is positioned at the front end of the front anchor chamber 32, and the anchor block 33 and the saddle are integrally connected on the bearing platform 2 to form a triangular space component. The whole structure of the anchorage is as high as about 3460cm, the length of the anchorage is 4792cm along the longitudinal bridge direction, the width of the anchorage is 5731cm along the transverse bridge direction, the depth of a foundation 1 is 1310cm, and the total weight of gravity anchor concrete is 25373.7m for carrying out tophan; on the premise of the same safety factor, concrete and steel are saved by 30% and 25%.
As another specific embodiment, the front end inclined surface 111, the rear end inclined surface 112, and the side inclined surface 113 may be a compound curved surface, a compound plane of a plane and a curved surface, or the like, without being limited to the compound plane; or, in the case of shallow pit excavation, the stepped surface 11A is not provided, and the front end inclined surface 111, the rear end inclined surface 112, and the side inclined surface 113 are flat surfaces, curved surfaces, or the like. In addition, the base side surface is not limited to the shape of a quadrangle in cross section, and can also be a circle, an ellipse or other irregular shapes.
It should be noted that the cross section herein refers to a section parallel to the horizontal plane.
Example 2
Based on embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a construction method for a suspension bridge gravity type anchorage, including the following steps:
A. and obtaining inclination angles alpha and beta of the suspension bridge gravity type anchorage arranged along the longitudinal bridge direction, wherein alpha is the inclination angle between the side of the anchorage foundation facing the main cable and the horizontal plane, and beta is the inclination angle between the side of the foundation far away from the main cable and the horizontal plane. The placement inclination angle of the anchorage can be directly determined according to geological data of the position of the anchorage.
B. Excavating the whole foundation pit by adopting small machinery according to the designed inclination angle, the shape and the structural size of the anchorage foundation 1, and simultaneously carrying out excavation from the inclined planes in four directions to the center of the anchorage;
specifically, a temporary road is built at the uppermost end of the front end inclined plane with a relatively low gradient in advance, and excavated earth and stones are transported to a specified spoil area from the foundation pit through the front end inclined conical surface and the temporary road by an engineering truck.
The method comprises the following steps of: B1. firstly, excavating a part of foundation pit corresponding to the part above the step surface 11A of the foundation 1; B2. after excavation of an upper part of foundation pit (namely the foundation pit corresponding to the part above the step surface 11A of the foundation 1) is finished, reserving a horizontal table surface with a set distance and leveling, wherein the position and the size of the horizontal table surface correspond to those of the step surface 11A; B3. and continuously excavating a lower part of foundation pit inwards from the horizontal table top, wherein the lower part of the foundation pit corresponds to the part below the step surface 11A of the foundation 1.
C. And (3) binding reinforcing steel bars by taking the horizontal table top as a bearing platform of the construction machinery, taking the excavation slope as a template (an unfixed template), and pouring concrete on the excavation slope tightly attached to the lower part of the foundation pit in a layered manner.
D. And (3) taking the ground surface as a bearing platform of the construction machinery, and continuously pouring concrete layer by layer on the excavation slope surface tightly attached to the horizontal table surface and the upper part of the foundation pit to finish the foundation construction.
E. And (4) installing an anchorage anchoring system, binding reinforcing steel bars, erecting a formwork, and pouring anchor body structures such as a construction bearing platform, a cable saddle buttress, a front anchor chamber, an anchor block and the like according to the sequence of design requirements.
According to the construction method of the suspension bridge gravity type anchorage provided by the embodiment, the slope gradient of the release slope needs to be determined in advance by selecting a reasonable inclination angle according to actual geological conditions and the tension of the main cable 4, so that the anti-sliding and anti-overturning performances of the structure are ensured; when a foundation pit is excavated, the excavation is directly carried out according to the shape and the structural size of the designed foundation 1 and the inclination degree of the foundation 1 relative to the horizontal plane, then the concrete structure of the anchorage is cast, and the structure of the foundation 1 formed by taking the excavated slope surface as a template is basically consistent with the structure of the foundation 1 designed according to the stress requirement.
Compared with the traditional box-type foundation construction which is safe in maintenance and construction, the actual excavation volume of the box-type foundation construction is far larger than the occupied area of the foundation 1, the influence on the environment is large, the foundation pit is deep, and the construction risk is high; in addition, during construction, through the horizontal table top corresponding to the foundation step surface 11A constructed on the inclined slope surface, the rock-soil gliding thrust of the deep foundation pit excavation slope surface is alleviated, the slope stability is increased, the construction safety is improved, meanwhile, the horizontal table top can also be used for a bearing platform of construction machinery, construction is facilitated, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A suspension bridge gravity type anchorage comprises a foundation (1), wherein the foundation (1) comprises a side surface (11), a bottom surface (12) and a top surface, and is characterized in that the side surface (11) is obliquely arranged from top to bottom towards the bottom surface (12), and the top surface is larger than the bottom surface in size; the width of the cross section of the side surface (11) along the transverse bridge direction is gradually narrowed from back to front along the longitudinal bridge direction towards the side where the main cable (4) is located.
2. The suspension bridge gravity type anchorage of claim 1, wherein the side surface (11) comprises a front end inclined surface (111), a rear end inclined surface (112) and two lateral inclined surfaces (113), the front end inclined surface (111) and the rear end inclined surface (112) are oppositely arranged along the longitudinal bridge direction, two sides of the front end inclined surface (111) and two sides of the rear end inclined surface (112) are respectively connected through one lateral inclined surface (113), and the front end inclined surface (111) is arranged facing one side of the main cable (4).
3. The suspension bridge gravity type anchorage of claim 2, wherein the included angles between the front end inclined plane (111) and the lateral inclined planes (113) on the two sides on the cross section are both larger than 90 degrees.
4. The suspension bridge gravity type anchorage of claim 2, wherein the included angle α between the front end inclined plane (111) and the horizontal plane is 29-45 °, and the included angle β between the rear end inclined plane (112) and the horizontal plane is not less than α.
5. The suspension bridge gravity type anchorage of claim 1, further comprising a bearing platform (2) and an anchor body (3), wherein the anchor body (3) is located at the upper part of the bearing platform (2), the foundation (1) is located at the lower part of the bearing platform (2), the anchor body (3), the bearing platform (2) and the foundation (1) are of an integrally cast structure, and the cross section size of the bearing platform (2) is larger than that of the foundation (1).
6. The suspension bridge gravity type anchorage of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the side face comprises at least two side face sections, and the two adjacent side face sections are connected through a step face (11A).
7. The suspension bridge gravity type anchorage of claim 6, wherein the inclination degree of two adjacent side sections above and below each step surface (11A) is consistent.
8. The construction method of the suspension bridge gravity type anchorage of claim 6 or 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. the method comprises the steps that inclination angles alpha and beta of a suspension bridge gravity type anchorage arranged along a longitudinal bridge direction are obtained, wherein alpha is the inclination angle between the side of an anchorage foundation (1) facing a main cable (4) and a horizontal plane, and beta is the inclination angle between the side of the foundation (1) far away from the main cable (4) and the horizontal plane;
B. excavating the whole foundation pit according to the designed inclination angle and the shape and the structural size of the anchorage foundation (1);
C. and taking a horizontal table top formed by excavating the corresponding step surface (11A) in the foundation pit as a bearing platform of the construction machinery, binding reinforcing steel bars, taking the excavated slope surface as a template, and pouring concrete into the foundation pit in layers.
9. The construction method according to claim 8, wherein the step of excavating the foundation pit in the step B comprises the following steps:
B1. firstly, excavating a foundation pit corresponding to the part above the step surface (11A) of the foundation (1);
B2. reserving and leveling the horizontal table surface after excavation of a foundation pit corresponding to the part above the step surface (11A) of the foundation (1) is completed;
B3. and continuously excavating a foundation pit inwards from the part of the horizontal table top, which corresponds to the part below the step surface (11A) of the foundation (1).
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| CN116657506A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-08-29 | 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 | Method for arranging cable crane gravity anchors of highway and rail dual-purpose suspension bridge in deep soil layer |
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