CN114032382B - Equipment for strengthening titanium alloy plate by pulse magnetic field - Google Patents

Equipment for strengthening titanium alloy plate by pulse magnetic field Download PDF

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CN114032382B
CN114032382B CN202111326456.3A CN202111326456A CN114032382B CN 114032382 B CN114032382 B CN 114032382B CN 202111326456 A CN202111326456 A CN 202111326456A CN 114032382 B CN114032382 B CN 114032382B
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titanium alloy
magnetic field
solenoid
strengthening
plate
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CN114032382A (en
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韩劲
陈梦浩
倪志铭
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AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F3/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by special physical methods, e.g. treatment with neutrons

Abstract

The application provides a device for strengthening a titanium alloy plate by a pulse magnetic field, comprising: a hollow conductor having a cavity and a notch; the solenoid is arranged in the cavity and used for generating a strong magnetic field; wherein, resin glue is arranged between the solenoid and the cavity; the titanium alloy plate is arranged in the notch and forms a closed loop with the hollow conductor; the solenoid is provided with a coil and a straight rod with preset length connected with the coil; wherein the length direction of the straight rod is parallel to the axis of the solenoid; the apparatus further comprises: the high-voltage pulse power supply is connected with the straight rod; when the high-voltage pulse power supply supplies power to the solenoid, surface magnetic pressure is formed between current in the coil and induced current generated in the titanium alloy plate, and the surface magnetic pressure acts on the surface of the titanium alloy plate.

Description

Equipment for strengthening titanium alloy plate by pulse magnetic field
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of metal material surface strengthening, and particularly relates to equipment for strengthening a titanium alloy plate by a pulse magnetic field.
Background
In order to reduce the structural mass and improve the thrust-weight ratio, aircraft engine fans and compressor blades are generally prepared from titanium-based materials such as titanium alloy/titanium intermetallic compounds. Titanium-based materials have small specific gravity, high specific strength and good corrosion resistance, but have low fatigue strength, low hardness and insufficient erosion resistance, so that the surface of the titanium alloy needs to be strengthened.
The conventional surface mechanical treatment for strengthening the titanium alloy still has certain technical defects. If the laser shock surface strengthening technology utilizes a pulse laser beam to act on the surface of a sample, the process control is complicated, the whole sample is processed discontinuously, and the influence of an energy absorption layer on the surface of the sample is utilized, the release of shock wave energy can be influenced by the fact that the layer is too thick, and the sample surface can be thermally damaged by the too thin layer. Shot peening is relatively simple, and the main disadvantage is that the method is easy to deform a sample piece and even destroy the appearance of the sample when the method is used for processing a thin plate-shaped part. The rolling method has the problems that the selection of processed parts is single, the method is only suitable for samples with simple shapes, and complex samples or internal surfaces cannot be processed.
The pulsed magnetic field strengthening technology can generate impact pressure of hundreds of MPa to dozens of GPa on the surface of a good conductor material through a strong pulsed magnetic field generated by high-voltage and large-capacitance instantaneous discharge, and simultaneously, the strong magnetic field can transmit high-strength energy to the atomic scale of a substance in a non-contact manner, so that the electron spin state of atoms in the material is influenced, the arrangement, matching, migration and the like of the atoms are changed, the atom arrangement structure transformation such as dislocation initiation, movement and the like is generated, and the material structure can be optimized and the material performance can be strengthened by utilizing the effects. By using the principle, the pulse magnetic field strengthening of Cu, al and alloy thereof and high-speed tool steel is performed by using a solenoid and a wire coil with a certain number of turns, and obvious effects are achieved, but the strengthening of titanium alloy is difficult.
The strengthening of Cu, al and their alloys is mainly to utilize the current induced by strong magnetic field to be localized on the near surface of the part, i.e. skin effect, and the induced current and the cutting of the magnetic field form magnetic pressure. According to the formula of skin depth
Figure BDA0003347096290000021
(omega angular frequency; mu permeability; sigma conductivity), high conductivity is a key parameter for pulsed magnetic field intensification. The material data shows that the conductivity of the titanium alloy (taking TC4 as an example) is only 1% of that of the copper alloy, with very low conductivity.
Therefore, the titanium alloy sample had too great a skin depth when the pulsed magnetic field was treated to penetrate the thin plate sample and thus did not perform the strengthening effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application provides an apparatus for strengthening a titanium alloy sheet material by a pulsed magnetic field, the apparatus comprising:
a hollow conductor having a cavity and a notch;
a solenoid disposed within the cavity for generating a strong magnetic field; wherein a resin adhesive is arranged between the solenoid and the cavity;
and the titanium alloy plate is arranged in the notch and forms a closed loop with the hollow conductor.
Preferably, the solenoid has a coil and a straight rod of a preset length connected to the coil; wherein the length direction of the straight rod is parallel to the axis of the solenoid.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises:
the high-voltage pulse power supply is connected with the straight rod;
when the high-voltage pulse power supply supplies power to the solenoid, surface magnetic pressure is formed between current in the coil and induced current generated in the titanium alloy plate, and the surface magnetic pressure acts on the surface of the titanium alloy plate.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises:
and the clamping and fixing tool is used for fixing the hollow conductor.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises:
and the insulating sheet is arranged on the titanium alloy plate.
Preferably, the clamping and fixing tool includes:
the first pressing plate is arranged on the insulating sheet and used for pressing the titanium alloy plate;
the second pressing plate is arranged on the bottom surface of the hollow conductor; the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate are locked through bolts.
Preferably, the clamping and fixing tool further comprises:
a first cover plate disposed on a first end surface of the hollow conductor;
the second cover plate is arranged on the second end face of the hollow conductor; wherein the first end face is opposite to the second end face.
Preferably, the first cover plate and the second cover plate are locked by bolts; wherein the first cover plate and the second cover plate are steel plates.
The beneficial technical effect of this application:
the application ensures the magnetic field intensity, and the purpose of strengthening the surface of the titanium alloy plate can be achieved by utilizing the mutually repulsive acting force between the current in the coil and the induced current in the sample to act on the surface of the titanium alloy plate, so that the titanium alloy with optimized performance is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a stiffening device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application;
wherein, 1-solenoid; 2-titanium alloy sheet material; 3-insulating sheets; 4-a hollow conductor; 5-resin glue; 6-pressing a plate; 7-bolt; 8-straight bar.
Detailed Description
The application provides a method and a device for strengthening a titanium alloy plate by a pulse magnetic field, which achieve the strengthening effect on the surface of the titanium alloy plate by utilizing the electromagnetic mutual inductance coupling effect generated by placing a titanium plate in the pulse magnetic field. It is characterized by comprising: a set of magnetic field generating device is arranged in the high-voltage power supply device, when current is introduced into the component, the surface layer of the sample titanium alloy plate in the device generates induced current, and the surface layer magnetic pressure which is up to GPa grade and is formed between the surface layer and the sample titanium alloy plate acts on the surface of the titanium alloy plate. By the method, the purpose of strengthening the surface of the titanium alloy plate can be achieved, and the titanium alloy with optimized performance is obtained.
The technical problem mainly solved by the application is to provide a method and a device for strengthening a titanium alloy plate by a pulse magnetic field, which can be matched with a specific energy generating device to generate the pulse magnetic field to act on the titanium alloy plate fixed in a tool, and finally realize the strengthening treatment of the surface of a sample.
In an embodiment of the present application, a method for strengthening a surface of a titanium alloy plate by using a pulsed magnetic field includes the following steps:
(1) A clamp combined by the hollow conductor 4 and the solenoid 1 is placed in a clamping and fixing tool, so that the clamp is prevented from loosening due to magnetic field impact;
(2) Placing a titanium alloy plate 2 to be reinforced at two ends of a notch of a conductor to form a closed conductive loop, covering an insulating sheet 3 or a plate on the titanium alloy plate, and then pressing a plate 6, and connecting and pressing by using a bolt 7 and a tool;
(3) Leading the solenoid out of the conductive straight rod 8 and tightly connecting the solenoid with a device discharge binding post, wherein the contact area of the solenoid and the device discharge binding post is not less than the sectional area of the conductive rod;
(4) According to the requirements of technological system, charging capacitor to a certain voltage, then opening high-voltage discharge switch to discharge circuit, and the discharge frequency can be more than 1 time
In the embodiment of the application, the provided method for strengthening the pulsed magnetic field of the plate is to realize the strengthening of the titanium alloy plate by adopting high-voltage discharge of a capacitor and matching with a low-inductance magnetizing tool, wherein the tool consists of a high-voltage discharge red copper bar solenoid 1, a hollow conductor 4, resin glue 5, a left inner supporting plate, a right inner supporting plate, an upper pressing plate and a lower pressing plate 6, and the specific device is shown in figure 3.
Wherein, the calculation formula of the skin depth is as follows:
Figure BDA0003347096290000041
wherein, the calculation formula of the magnetic field frequency is as follows:
Figure BDA0003347096290000042
from the above formula, in order to achieve the magnetic field enhancement, the induced current must reach the ideal skin depth,
specifically, it is possible to increase the frequency of the pulsed magnetic field, that is, to reduce the inductance of the solenoid, to use a solenoid having a smaller number of turns and a wider wire diameter, and to appropriately reduce the capacitance capacity, and to achieve a sufficient magnetic pressure, it is necessary to increase the pulse energy, that is, to increase the discharge voltage. The induced current excited by the exciting magnetic field can be concentrated on the surface layer of the titanium plate by the treatment. In addition, in order to reduce heat loss in the electrifying process and ensure large current and high energy in the coil in the electrifying process, the copper bar with larger cross section area and high conductivity is adopted as a material for winding the solenoid. Thus, surface magnetic pressure up to GPa level is formed between the excitation magnetic field and the induced eddy magnetic field, and the surface strengthening treatment of the titanium alloy plate 2 is realized.
Furthermore, the extending parts at two sides of the red copper bar solenoid are parallel to the axis of the solenoid, so as to ensure that the magnetic field generated by the extending parts after the coil is electrified is vertical to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the spiral part and cannot interfere with each other. If the length of the copper rod part is not enough, thick copper plates can be connected to the two ends of the spiral rod, but the direction of the connected part is consistent with the original device.
Furthermore, the electric conductor matched with the solenoid is made into a hollow structure by adopting a pure aluminum or red copper metal block, a notch is machined by using a machining method, two end faces of the notch are attached to the titanium alloy plate to form a closed induction loop, and the sample can be subjected to impact strengthening by utilizing a strong magnetic field generated by the electrified copper rod solenoid. The voltage value and the impact frequency used in the impact process can be adjusted according to the actual requirement of the strengthening effect. The strengthening principle is shown in fig. 1.
Furthermore, the solenoid is placed in the hollow conductor with the notch, a small gap is kept between the outer edge of one part of the solenoid and the notch, resin glue is filled into the gap and is solidified and molded, and the copper rod solenoid can be supported, the whole device is protected, and the solenoid is isolated from the pure aluminum metal block.
Furthermore, the inner supporting plates are added on the left side and the right side of the device to ensure that the pulsed magnetic field processing device cannot be damaged by a strong impact magnetic field. And in order to ensure that the impacted sample is effectively processed and does not fly out to hurt people, pressing plates are used on the upper side and the lower side of the device and are fixed by bolts 7.
In other embodiments of the present application, please refer to fig. 1-4, which provide a specific implementation manner as follows:
1. preparing a tool:
the length, the width and the height of the original size of the used pure aluminum metal block are respectively 105mm, 60mm and 63mm, and then a notch is machined in the width direction of the metal block by using a machining method, wherein the length of the notch is 30mm, and the diameter of the semicircle at the two ends is 43mm. In order to match the shape of the notch on the pure aluminum metal block, a copper rod with the cross section of 10mm multiplied by 10mm is wound into a solenoid with the shape of the notch, the number of turns is only 3, the length of the solenoid is also 30mm, and the semi-circle diameter of the two ends is 40mm, which is slightly smaller than the size of the notch on the pure aluminum metal block.
The non-winding parts at two ends of the solenoid are parallel to the axis of the solenoid, so that the magnetic field generated by the extension part after the coil is electrified is vertical to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the spiral part, and mutual interference is avoided. The reserved lengths of the two ends are respectively 250mm, and thick copper sheets can be connected on the basis if the lengths are not enough. And winding the processed pure aluminum metal block into a notch-shaped solenoid by matching with a copper rod, sealing two ends of the notch by using a pouring plate, pouring transparent resin glue between the two ends of the notch, and taking down the pouring plate after the pouring plate is solidified. In order to protect the reinforcing device from being damaged by a strong impact magnetic field, thick steel plates which are matched with the pure aluminum metal block in height need to be added on the left side and the right side of the pure aluminum metal block, the length of each steel plate is 100mm, the height of each steel plate is 63mm, four M10 bolt holes are formed in four corners of each steel plate respectively for reinforcing and fastening, three M5.1 bolt holes are machined in the upper side of each steel plate, and the purpose of the steel plates are matched with a pressing plate on the outer side for fixing.
Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the impacted sample is effectively processed and does not fly out to hurt people, pressing plates are used on the upper side and the lower side of the device and are fixed by bolts. The length of the pressing plate is 160mm, the width is 80mm, and the thickness is 10mm. The two ends of the upper and lower pressure plates are respectively and uniformly distributed with 4M 10 bolt holes for fastening samples. Three screw holes of M5.1 are processed at the position 58mm away from the center of the plate on each side for matching with the supporting plate on the inner side for fixing. The preparation work of the pulse magnetic field device can be completed by the method.
2. Carrying out the step
(1) Placing TC titanium alloy samples with the size delta 2.0 x 100 x 30mm at two ends of a notch of an electric conductor to form a closed electric conduction loop, covering a polytetrafluoroethylene insulation sheet with the thickness of 0.3mm on a titanium alloy plate, covering a steel plate, and connecting and pressing by using bolts and a tool;
(2) Leading out a conductive straight rod of the solenoid and tightly connecting the conductive straight rod with a discharge binding post of the device, and using a copper bar with the thickness of 3.0mm and the width of 30mm for transition in the middle to ensure that the contact area of the conductive straight rod is larger than the sectional area of the conductive rod;
(3) And (3) charging the capacitor to the voltage of 10kV, then opening a high-voltage discharge switch, and discharging the loop for 2 times.
It should be noted that the application performs microhardness measurement on the TC4 sample after the pulsed magnetic field treatment, the hardness of the sample is increased from HV344 to HV375, and the highest point obtained by the measurement is located at a depth of 0.15mm from the surface.

Claims (8)

1. An apparatus for strengthening a titanium alloy sheet by a pulsed magnetic field, the apparatus comprising:
a hollow conductor having a cavity and a notch;
a solenoid disposed within the cavity for generating a strong magnetic field; wherein a resin adhesive is arranged between the solenoid and the cavity;
and the titanium alloy plate is arranged in the notch and forms a closed loop with the hollow conductor.
2. The apparatus for pulsed magnetic field strengthening of titanium alloy sheet according to claim 1, wherein the solenoid has a coil and a straight bar of a predetermined length connected to the coil; wherein the length direction of the straight rod is parallel to the axis of the solenoid.
3. The apparatus for pulsed magnetic field strengthening of titanium alloy sheet according to claim 2, further comprising:
the high-voltage pulse power supply is connected with the straight rod;
when the high-voltage pulse power supply supplies power to the solenoid, surface magnetic pressure is formed between current in the coil and induced current generated in the titanium alloy plate, and the surface magnetic pressure acts on the surface of the titanium alloy plate.
4. The apparatus for pulsed magnetic field strengthening of titanium alloy sheet according to claim 1, further comprising:
and the clamping and fixing tool is used for fixing the hollow conductor.
5. The apparatus for pulsed magnetic field strengthening of titanium alloy sheet according to claim 4, further comprising:
and the insulating sheet is arranged on the titanium alloy plate.
6. The equipment for strengthening the titanium alloy sheet material by the pulsed magnetic field according to claim 5, wherein the clamping and fixing tool comprises:
the first pressing plate is arranged on the insulating sheet and used for pressing the titanium alloy plate;
the second pressing plate is arranged on the bottom surface of the hollow conductor; the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate are locked through bolts.
7. The apparatus for strengthening titanium alloy sheet material by using pulsed magnetic field according to claim 6, wherein the clamping fixture further comprises:
a first cover plate disposed on a first end surface of the hollow conductor;
a second cover plate arranged on the second end surface of the hollow conductor; wherein the first end face is opposite to the second end face.
8. The apparatus for strengthening titanium alloy sheet material by using pulsed magnetic field according to claim 7, wherein the first cover plate and the second cover plate are locked by bolts; wherein the first cover plate and the second cover plate are steel plates.
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CN115896660B (en) * 2022-10-26 2024-02-13 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Titanium alloy strengthening device and method in plane convergence system in pulsed magnetic field

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CN110253449A (en) * 2019-07-11 2019-09-20 湖南科技大学 A kind of the surface shot blasting strengthening processing unit (plant) and method of high-frequency pulse current auxiliary

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009065486A1 (en) * 2007-11-19 2009-05-28 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Method and device for surface-layer strengthening of bores by means of magnetic fields and bore arrangement with surface-layer strengthened bores
RU2464355C1 (en) * 2011-04-19 2012-10-20 Белорусский Государственный Университет (Бгу) Strengthening method of surface of items from titanium alloys
CN107190222A (en) * 2017-05-27 2017-09-22 武汉理工大学 A kind of titanium alloy blade residual stress shot-peening electromagnetic field is combined regulation and control method
CN107299217A (en) * 2017-06-06 2017-10-27 武汉理工大学 A kind of aeroengine components surface residual stress electromagnetic field regulates and controls method
CN107653426A (en) * 2017-09-12 2018-02-02 西北工业大学 Ti is improved using magnetic field48Zr20Nb12Cu5Be15The method of mechanical property
CN110253449A (en) * 2019-07-11 2019-09-20 湖南科技大学 A kind of the surface shot blasting strengthening processing unit (plant) and method of high-frequency pulse current auxiliary

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