CN114030217B - Cylindrical nano heat insulation material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cylindrical nano heat insulation material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114030217B CN114030217B CN202111431127.5A CN202111431127A CN114030217B CN 114030217 B CN114030217 B CN 114030217B CN 202111431127 A CN202111431127 A CN 202111431127A CN 114030217 B CN114030217 B CN 114030217B
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- heat insulation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/001—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure; Isostatic presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/02—Dies; Inserts therefor; Mounting thereof; Moulds
- B30B15/022—Moulds for compacting material in powder, granular of pasta form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
- C04B30/02—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders containing fibrous materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a cylindrical nano heat-insulating material and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the technical field of nano heat-insulating material preparation. The invention can solve the problems of uneven mechanical property of each area of the cylinder wall, serious material waste, high machining cost and the like of the cylindrical nano heat insulation material obtained by a machining mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of nanometer heat insulation materials, and particularly relates to a cylindrical nanometer heat insulation material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The nano heat insulating material is a light high-efficiency heat insulating material formed by mixing and pressing inorganic nano powder, inorganic fiber, radiation-resistant filler powder and the like, has the advantages of high heat resistance temperature, good heat insulating performance, low cost and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, ships, metallurgy, electronics and the like. With the continuous expansion of the application field of the nanometer heat insulation material, the demand for the cylindrical nanometer heat insulation material is increasingly urgent. At present, the cylindrical nano heat insulation material is mainly obtained by a block machining mode, and the method has the problems of serious waste of raw materials of powder of the nano heat insulation material, high machining cost, high manufacturing cost and the like. Meanwhile, the distribution orientation of the fibers and the powder of the nano heat insulation cylinder prepared by the method is inconsistent with the cylinder wall, so that the nano heat insulation cylinder has poor mechanical properties and nonuniform mechanical properties in all areas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cylindrical nano heat-insulating material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the cylindrical nano heat-insulating material is formed into a cylinder shape in one step through a special soft die, and the problems of non-uniform mechanical properties of each region of a cylinder wall, serious material waste, high machining cost and the like of the cylindrical nano heat-insulating material obtained in a machining mode are solved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a cylindrical nano heat insulation material comprises the following steps:
1) Designing and manufacturing a soft mold with a hollow structure containing a concave cavity, wherein the outer side surface of the soft mold is cylindrical, and injecting nano heat insulation material powder into the soft mold and sealing;
2) Placing a soft mold filled with nano heat-insulating material powder into a porous cylindrical female mold, and mounting a sealing cover above the cylindrical female mold to obtain a closed assembly M;
3) Adding a fluid with preset pressure into the assembly M, enabling the fluid to enter a concave cavity of the soft die to press the soft die and nano heat insulation material powder in the soft die, maintaining the pressure for a period of time, releasing the pressure, opening a sealing cover, and removing the fluid to obtain a semi-finished product N attached to the female die;
4) Dismantling the female die outside the semi-finished product N, and placing the male die in the concave cavity of the semi-finished product N to obtain a combination X;
5) Placing the whole combination X in an isostatic pressing container, pressing under another preset pressure, and removing the male die after maintaining the pressure for a period of time to obtain a cylindrical nano heat insulation material wrapping the soft die;
6) And removing the soft mold wrapping the surface of the cylindrical nano heat insulation material to obtain the cylindrical nano heat insulation material.
Further, the nano heat insulation material powder is a uniform composition of inorganic nano powder and inorganic fibers.
Further, the soft mould material is elastic rubber material, and the surface sets up the one-way pressure release hole that has filtering capability, and this one-way pressure release hole's function is: when the internal pressure of the hollow structure of the soft mold is greater than the external pressure, the gas is discharged to the external through the unidirectional pressure relief hole, and meanwhile, the nano heat insulation material powder is prevented from being discharged; when the internal pressure of the soft mold hollow structure is smaller than the external pressure, the unidirectional pressure relief hole is kept closed, and external gas or other fluid is prevented from entering the soft mold hollow structure through the unidirectional pressure relief hole.
Further, the seal cap is accompanied by a fluid inlet.
Further, in the step 3), a fluid with the pressure of 0.2-1 MPa is added into the assembly M, and the pressure is maintained for 1-30 min.
Further, the fluid is a gas or a liquid.
Further, the shape and the size of the contact surface of the cylindrical female die and the soft die are consistent.
Further, the surface shape and the size of the contact side of the male die and the semi-finished product N are consistent.
Further, the isostatic pressing container is filled with isostatic pressing fluid for pressing, and the isostatic pressing fluid is gas or liquid.
Further, the step 5) is to press under 1-10 MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 5-60 min.
A cylindrical nano heat insulation material is prepared by the method.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
1) The invention adopts the special soft mould, which can ensure shape following and gas discharge in the powder, and can realize shape following compression of the nano heat insulation material powder due to consistency of fluid pressure of each position area of the soft mould, and the mechanical property of each area is uniform and the density uniformity is good; 2) According to the invention, through the design of the soft mold shape, the female mold shape and the male mold shape, the net-size forming of the cylindrical nano heat insulation material with various sizes can be realized, the traditional mode of obtaining the cylindrical nano heat insulation material by a machining mode is replaced, and the raw material consumption is greatly saved; according to the spirit of the technical scheme of the invention, the nano heat insulation material can be manufactured into a cylinder shape and other shapes; 3) The method has simple operation process, and can realize the preparation of the cylindrical nanometer heat insulation material with specific size through simple soft mold, female mold and male mold design; by controlling the fluid pressure, the density of the cylindrical nano heat insulation material can be controlled. 4) The equivalent density range of the cylindrical nano heat insulation material prepared by the invention is 0.3-0.8 g/cm 3 The internal adjustable compression strength is larger than 1MPa, the equivalent heat conductivity coefficient of the product ranges from 0.025W/(mK) to 0.065W/(mK), the mechanical strength is high, the density is low, and the heat insulation performance is good.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of a cylindrical nano heat insulating material according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Examples
The embodiment discloses a preparation method of a cylindrical nano heat insulation material, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
1) A specially made soft mold of hollow structure (maximum diameter 100mm x maximum height 120mm; inner cavity with equal thickness of 24 mm), see A in figure 1, the nano heat insulation material powder is naturally filled into the special soft mold and sealed;
2) Placing the specially-made soft mould with the material in a porous cylindrical female mould with the same size as the specially-made soft mould, mutually attaching the two, and mounting a sealing cover above the cylindrical female mould to obtain a sealed assembly M, wherein the B is shown in figure 1;
3) Adding fluid with the pressure of 0.5MPa into the assembly M, maintaining the pressure for 15min, releasing pressure, opening a sealing cover and removing the fluid to obtain a semi-finished product N attached to the female die, wherein C is shown in fig. 1;
4) Dismantling the female die outside the semi-finished product N, and placing a male die with the same internal size as the semi-finished product N concave cavity into the semi-finished product N concave cavity to obtain a combination X, wherein D is shown in fig. 1;
5) Placing the whole assembly X in an isostatic pressing container, pressing at 10MPa, maintaining the pressure for 5min, and removing the male die to obtain a cylindrical nano heat insulation material wrapping the special soft die, wherein the cylindrical nano heat insulation material is shown as E in fig. 1;
6) And removing the special soft mold wrapping the surface of the cylindrical nano heat insulation material of the special soft mold to obtain the cylindrical nano heat insulation material.
The cylindrical nano heat insulation material prepared in the embodiment has the wall thickness of 5.8mm and the overall density of 0.48g/cm 3 The equivalent room temperature thermal conductivity is 0.040W/(mK), the structural strength is good, and the powder falling phenomenon is avoided.
Examples
The embodiment discloses a preparation method of a cylindrical nano heat insulation material, which comprises the following steps:
1) A specially made soft mold of hollow structure (maximum diameter 100mm x maximum height 120mm; the inner cavity is 24mm in thickness, and the nano heat insulation material powder is naturally filled into the specially-made soft mold and sealed;
2) Placing the special soft die with the material in a porous cylindrical female die with the same size as the special soft die, mutually attaching the special soft die and the porous cylindrical female die, and mounting a sealing cover above the cylindrical female die to obtain a sealed assembly M;
3) Adding fluid with the pressure of 0.2MPa into the assembly M, maintaining the pressure for 30min, releasing pressure, opening a sealing cover, and removing the fluid to obtain a semi-finished product N attached to the female die;
4) Dismantling a female die outside the semi-finished product N, and placing a male die with the same internal size as the semi-finished product N concave cavity into the semi-finished product N concave cavity to obtain a combination X;
5) Placing the whole combination X in an isostatic pressing container, pressing at 1MPa, maintaining the pressure for 60min, and removing a male die to obtain a cylindrical nano heat insulation material wrapping a special soft die;
6) And removing the special soft mold wrapping the surface of the cylindrical nano heat insulation material of the special soft mold to obtain the cylindrical nano heat insulation material.
The cylindrical nano heat insulation material prepared in the embodiment has the wall thickness of 7.9mm and the overall density of 0.25g/cm 3 Equivalent room temperature thermal conductivity 0.028W/(mK), structural strength significantly worse than example 1, slight dusting.
Examples
The embodiment discloses a preparation method of a cylindrical nano heat insulation material, which comprises the following steps:
1) A specially made soft mold of hollow structure (maximum diameter 100mm x maximum height 120mm; the inner cavity is 24mm in thickness, and the nano heat insulation material powder is naturally filled into the specially-made soft mold and sealed;
2) Placing the special soft die with the material in a porous cylindrical female die with the same size as the special soft die, mutually attaching the special soft die and the porous cylindrical female die, and mounting a sealing cover above the cylindrical female die to obtain a sealed assembly M;
3) Adding fluid with the pressure of 1.0MPa into the assembly M, maintaining the pressure for 1min, releasing pressure, opening a sealing cover, and removing the fluid to obtain a semi-finished product N attached to the female die;
4) Dismantling a female die outside the semi-finished product N, and placing a male die with the same internal size as the semi-finished product N concave cavity into the semi-finished product N concave cavity to obtain a combination X;
5) Placing the whole combination X in an isostatic pressing container, pressing at 5MPa, maintaining the pressure for 20min, and removing the male die to obtain a cylindrical nano heat insulation material wrapping the special soft die;
6) And removing the special soft mold wrapping the surface of the cylindrical nano heat insulation material of the special soft mold to obtain the cylindrical nano heat insulation material.
The cylindrical nano heat insulation material prepared in the embodiment has the wall thickness of 6.3mm and the overall density of 0.37g/cm 3 Equivalent room temperature thermal conductivity 0.036W/(mK), structural strength mediumBetween example 1 and example 2.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, and that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto by those skilled in the art, which modifications and equivalents are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the cylindrical nano heat insulation material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Designing and manufacturing a soft mold with a hollow structure containing a concave cavity, wherein the outer side surface of the soft mold is cylindrical, injecting nano heat insulation material powder into the soft mold and sealing the soft mold, and the nano heat insulation material powder is a uniform composition of inorganic nano powder and inorganic fibers; the soft mould material is elastic rubber material, and the surface sets up the one-way pressure release hole that has filtering capability, and this one-way pressure release hole's function is: when the internal pressure of the hollow structure of the soft mold is greater than the external pressure, the gas is discharged to the external through the unidirectional pressure relief hole, and meanwhile, the nano heat insulation material powder is prevented from being discharged; when the internal pressure of the soft mold hollow structure is smaller than the external pressure, the unidirectional pressure relief hole is kept closed, and external gas or other fluid is prevented from entering the soft mold hollow structure through the unidirectional pressure relief hole;
2) Placing a soft die filled with nano heat-insulating material powder into a porous cylindrical female die, wherein the shape and the size of the contact surface of the cylindrical female die and the soft die are consistent, and a sealing cover is arranged above the cylindrical female die to obtain a closed assembly M;
3) Adding a fluid with preset pressure into the assembly M, enabling the fluid to enter a concave cavity of the soft die to press the soft die and nano heat insulation material powder in the soft die, maintaining the pressure for a period of time, releasing the pressure, opening a sealing cover, and removing the fluid to obtain a semi-finished product N attached to the female die;
4) Dismantling a female die outside the semi-finished product N, placing a male die in a concave cavity of the semi-finished product N, and obtaining a combination X, wherein the surface shape and the size of the contact side of the male die and the semi-finished product N are consistent;
5) Placing the whole combination X in an isostatic pressing container, pressing under another preset pressure, and removing the male die after maintaining the pressure for a period of time to obtain a cylindrical nano heat insulation material wrapping the soft die;
6) And removing the soft mold wrapping the surface of the cylindrical nano heat insulation material to obtain the cylindrical nano heat insulation material.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the seal cap is accompanied by a fluid inlet.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fluid with the pressure of 0.2-1 mpa is added into the assembly M in the step 3), and the pressure is maintained for 1-30 min.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluid is a gas or a liquid.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the isostatic container is filled with an isostatic fluid for compaction, the isostatic fluid being a gas or a liquid.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein step 5) is performed under 1-10 mpa for 5-60 min.
7. A cylindrical nano-insulation material prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-6.
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| CN202111431127.5A CN114030217B (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Cylindrical nano heat insulation material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114030217B true CN114030217B (en) | 2023-06-20 |
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