CN114029721A

CN114029721A - Actuating mechanism of flexible automatic equipment for assembling piston check ring

Info

Publication number: CN114029721A
Application number: CN202111398165.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙浩然; 方喜峰; 张胜文
Original assignee: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-11-24
Filing date: 2021-11-24
Publication date: 2022-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-24
Also published as: CN114029721B

Abstract

The invention discloses an actuating mechanism of flexible automatic equipment for assembling a piston retainer ring. The invention divides the installation of the piston retainer ring and automatically designs each action, thereby realizing automatic continuous installation, having certain flexibility and greatly improving the assembly efficiency and the automation degree.

Description

Actuating mechanism of flexible automatic equipment for assembling piston check ring

Technical Field

The invention relates to flexible automatic equipment for assembling and an operation method, in particular to flexible automatic equipment for assembling a piston check ring and an operation method, and belongs to the technical field of assembling.

Background

The connecting rod and the piston of the marine diesel engine are connected in series through the piston pin, and the piston check ring limits the piston pin so as to prevent the piston pin from axially moving in the pin hole. Therefore, the installation of the piston check ring is very important. At present, there are mainly two kinds of modes to the installation of piston retaining ring:

(1) the manual installation is carried out, in the mode, the steps of feeding of the piston component, positioning of the piston component, clamping of the piston component, feeding of the piston check ring, assembling of the piston check ring and the like all depend on manual work, the labor intensity is high, and when the check ring caliper is adopted for assembly, if the clamping is improper, the check ring is easy to fly out, and certain potential safety hazards exist;

(2) and (3) equipment is installed, wherein a special retainer ring installer is adopted to assemble the retainer ring, but the steps of feeding the piston part, positioning the piston part, clamping the piston part, feeding the piston retainer ring and the like are still completely dependent on manual work, and the automation degree is low. Meanwhile, an enterprise often adopts a mixed production mode, namely the check rings of various specifications are assembled in series and in parallel, the existing installation mode of the special check ring installer only can install the check ring of one specification, does not have a flexible function, and cannot adapt to the mixed production mode of the enterprise.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to:

the flexible automatic equipment for assembling the piston check ring and the operation method thereof are provided, and the problems of low automation degree, low production efficiency, high manual labor intensity, lack of flexibility and the like of the conventional piston check ring assembly are solved. By means of an automatic method, the feeding of the piston component, the positioning of the piston component, the clamping of the piston component, the feeding of the piston retainer ring and the assembling of the piston retainer ring can be realized in a short time. Meanwhile, a structure capable of being replaced quickly is adopted, the assembling units are replaced quickly, and the mounting requirements of check rings of different specifications can be met. Finally, the assembly efficiency of the piston check ring is greatly improved, the labor cost is reduced, and the automation degree and the flexibility degree of the assembly equipment are improved to a certain extent.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:

the utility model provides a flexible automation is equipped for piston retainer ring assembly, includes piston part transfer dolly, piston part clamping device, piston part guider, piston retainer ring loading attachment, piston retainer ring assembly quality and assembly platform.

Preferably, the piston component transfer trolley mainly comprises a trolley frame, universal wheels with brakes, directional wheels and a fence. The universal wheel with the brake can lock the transfer trolley after the transfer trolley moves in place. The gate serves to limit the position of the piston member. When the piston components are transferred, the four piston components are used as a group for transferring.

More preferably, the piston member clamping device is mainly composed of a lifting mechanism and a flexible clamp.

Preferably, the piston member guiding device is mainly composed of a piston member guiding shaft, a guiding shaft seat and a hydraulic cylinder.

Further preferably, the feeding device of the piston retainer ring mainly comprises a retainer ring guide shaft, a pressing mechanism and a feeding mechanism.

More preferably, the piston retainer assembling apparatus is mainly composed of a press-fitting mechanism, a guide mechanism, and the like.

An automated method for assembly of a piston check ring, characterized by:

and S1, confirming the specification of the required assembly retainer ring: the specification of the piston retainer ring to be assembled is confirmed, and based on the specification, the whole equipment is subjected to assembly unit adjustment and replacement so as to adapt to the geometric dimension of the retainer ring to be assembled.

S2, transferring the piston component: and hoisting the piston parts which are partially assembled to the transfer trolley, wherein the four piston parts are in a group, transferring the piston parts to a piston part loading station, and locking the transfer trolley in a fixed area through a brake to wait for loading.

S3, piston component feeding: hoisting devices such as a portal frame start to work, a piston part hoisting tool is combined to hoist and load the piston part, the piston part is placed on a piston part placing seat in the piston part clamping device, and the space posture is roughly adjusted, so that the end face of a piston pin hole is parallel to the end face of a guide sleeve in the piston check ring assembling device.

S4, piston member positioning: the piston guide shaft stretches into the piston pin hole under the driving of the hydraulic cylinder, drives the piston part through the wedge-shaped surface on the guide shaft, further drives the piston part to place the seat and carry out rotary motion, thereby adjusting the space posture of the piston part and enabling the end surface of the guide sleeve in the piston pin hole and the piston check ring assembling device to be completely parallel.

S5, clamping the piston component: the V-shaped clamping claws on the two sides move oppositely under the driving of the hydraulic cylinder respectively to clamp the part between the top of the piston component and the first piston ring of the piston component so as to clamp the piston component, and the piston guide shaft retracts into the guide shaft seat under the driving of the hydraulic cylinder.

S6, feeding the piston retainer ring: the initial state of pay-off picture peg is the state of stretching out, and the initial position of pressing head is in the one end of keeping away from the retaining ring guiding axle, reserves certain space between pressing head and the retaining ring guiding axle this moment and is used for the material loading of piston retaining ring, adopts artificial mode to overlap the piston retaining ring on the guiding axle in proper order to press on the pay-off picture peg. After the feeding is finished, the feeding inserting plate retracts under the driving of the hydraulic cylinder, the pressing head extends out under the driving of the motor, and the check ring is tightly pressed against the discharging baffle plate along the check ring guide shaft.

S7, feeding of a piston retainer ring: the pressing head retracts under the driving of the motor, so that the pressing force on the piston retainer ring is reduced, and the retainer ring is still pressed on the discharging baffle plate. The feeding insertion plate extends out under the driving of the hydraulic cylinder, the first check ring which is propped against the discharging baffle plate is pushed out from a gap between the discharging baffle plate and the check ring guide shaft, and the check ring falls into the guide sleeve through a feeding groove in the piston check ring assembling device.

S8, assembling a piston retainer ring: the press-fitting push rod extends out under the driving of the hydraulic cylinder to press the check ring on the wedge-shaped surface of the guide sleeve. The motor begins work, and the drive assembly quality stretches out for the stair structure of uide bushing front end stretches into in the piston pin hole, and the ladder terminal surface flushes with retaining ring slot end face. The hydraulic cylinder continues to work, and the check ring is pressed into the check ring groove of the piston component to complete assembly.

S9, entering the next assembly station: the motor starts to work, and drives the assembling device to retract, so that the stepped structure at the front end of the guide sleeve is withdrawn from the piston pin hole. And the motor of the linear module starts to work to drive the piston part clamping device to move to the next assembly station.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) through an automatic means, manual intervention during installation of the piston check ring is reduced, and automation of the process of feeding, feeding and assembling the piston check ring is realized;

(2) the special placing seat capable of being replaced quickly is adopted in the piston component placing seat, the special placing seat can be replaced quickly through the common joint and the common joint bolt, the geometric dimensions of different series of piston components can be adapted, and the piston component placing seat has high flexibility;

(3) the piston part guide shaft is divided into a plurality of sections, the outer diameter of each section corresponds to the inner diameter of a piston pin hole of one piston part, different series of piston parts can be positioned respectively, and the piston part guide shaft has high flexibility;

(4) the piston part clamping device can clamp different series of piston parts, has higher flexibility, and can adjust the centers of the piston pin holes of the different series of piston parts to a uniform height, thereby facilitating subsequent assembly operation;

(5) different from the traditional method of manually assembling the piston check ring by using the calipers, the device is used for press-mounting the piston check ring in the guide sleeve by the press-mounting push rod, so that the assembly efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the potential safety hazard that the check ring is easy to pop out when the calipers mount the check ring is avoided;

(6) the press-fitting push rod is a quick-change part, and can be replaced through a quick-change structure at the tail part of the press-fitting push rod, so that piston check rings with different specifications can be press-fitted, and the press-fitting push rod has high flexibility;

(7) the press-fitting guide sleeve is a quick-replaceable part, and piston check rings of different specifications can be press-fitted by replacing the press-fitting guide sleeve, so that the press-fitting guide sleeve has high flexibility;

(8) when the piston retainer ring is fed, the guide shaft which is profiled with the retainer ring is adopted, so that the feeding directionality of the retainer ring is ensured, and the feeding of the retainer rings with different specifications can be met;

(9) when the piston retainer rings are loaded, the retainer rings are firstly sequentially pushed against the discharge baffle by the compressing device, then slowly loosened, and then loaded by the loading push plate, so that only one retainer ring is loaded each time, and the phenomenon that the retainer rings are clamped due to too tight compression of the retainer rings during loading is avoided;

(10) when the piston retainer ring is fed, the retainer ring is pushed out by the feeding push plate, and then falls into the press-fitting guide sleeve through the groove above the press-fitting guide sleeve by the gravity of the retainer ring. Different lengths of grooves are respectively arranged on different press-fitting guide sleeves, so that the situation that the check ring cannot accurately fall into the grooves when being fed is avoided, and the feeding accuracy is ensured;

(11) when the automation of the process of feeding, feeding and assembling the piston retainer rings is realized, the device also realizes the assembling of the retainer rings with different specifications and has higher flexibility.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an automated method for piston retainer assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the flexible automated assembly for assembling a piston retainer according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the mounting platform of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the piston assembly transfer cart of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the piston assembly guide of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a side view of the guide shaft of the piston assembly of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a piston assembly guide for guiding a first embodiment of a piston assembly;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a piston member guide for guiding a second embodiment of the piston member;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a piston member guide for guiding a third embodiment of the piston member;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the piston member clamping arrangement of FIG. 2;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the construction of the lift mechanism of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the construction of the flexible clamp of FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the piston member seat of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a piston assembly receiving seat of FIG. 12;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the piston member seat of FIG. 12;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of the piston member seat of FIG. 12;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a piston assembly gripping device gripping a first embodiment of a piston assembly;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a piston assembly gripping device gripping a second embodiment of the piston assembly;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a piston assembly clamping device clamping a third embodiment of a piston assembly;

FIG. 20 is a schematic structural view of a piston retainer ring loading device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the feed mechanism of FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is a schematic structural view of the hold-down mechanism of FIG. 20;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of a piston retainer ring loading assembly loading a first embodiment of a piston retainer ring;

FIG. 24 is a schematic illustration of a piston retainer ring loading apparatus loading a second embodiment of a piston retainer ring;

FIG. 25 is a schematic view of a piston retainer ring loading assembly loading a third embodiment of a piston retainer ring;

FIG. 26 is a side view of a compression mechanism compressing a first embodiment of a piston retainer ring;

FIG. 27 is a side view of a second piston retainer embodiment compressed by a compression mechanism;

FIG. 28 is a side view of a third embodiment of a piston retainer pressed by a pressing mechanism;

FIG. 29 is a schematic view of a piston assembly feeder feeding a first embodiment of a piston check ring;

FIG. 30 is a schematic view of a piston assembly feeder feeding a second embodiment of a piston check ring;

FIG. 31 is a schematic view of a piston assembly feeder feeding a third embodiment of a piston check ring;

FIG. 32 is a schematic view of the piston assembly loading apparatus completing loading of one embodiment of the piston retainer;

FIG. 33 is a schematic view of a piston assembly loading apparatus completing loading of a second embodiment of a piston check ring;

FIG. 34 is a schematic view of a piston assembly loading apparatus completing loading of a piston retainer embodiment III;

FIG. 35 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the piston retainer assembly apparatus of FIG. 2;

FIG. 36 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the piston retainer assembly apparatus of FIG. 2;

FIG. 37 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the piston retainer assembly apparatus of FIG. 2;

fig. 38 is a schematic structural view of the quick-change mechanism of fig. 35-37;

FIG. 39 is an exploded view of a first embodiment of a press-fit mechanism;

FIG. 40 is an exploded view of a second embodiment of the press-fit mechanism;

FIG. 41 is an exploded view of a third embodiment of the press-fit mechanism;

FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a guide mechanism;

FIG. 43 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the guide mechanism;

FIG. 44 is a sectional view of a third embodiment of a guide mechanism;

FIG. 45 is a schematic view of a press-fit mechanism assembling a first embodiment of a piston retainer ring;

FIG. 46 is a schematic view of a press-fit mechanism assembling a second embodiment of a piston retainer;

FIG. 47 is a schematic view of a press-fit mechanism assembling a third embodiment of a piston retainer ring;

FIG. 48 is a schematic view of the press-fit mechanism completing assembly of one embodiment of the piston retainer;

FIG. 49 is a schematic view of a press-fit mechanism completing assembly of a second embodiment of a piston retainer;

fig. 50 is a schematic view of a press-fit mechanism completing assembly of a piston retainer embodiment.

In the figure: the piston ring assembling device comprises an assembling platform 1, a piston component transferring trolley 2, a piston component guiding device 3, a piston component clamping device 4, a piston ring feeding device 5 and a piston ring assembling device 6.

Assembling the platform 1: the device comprises a fixed base 1-1, a linear module 1-2 and a first motor 1-3.

Piston part transfer trolley 2: 2-1 of a frame, 2-2 of a fence, 2-3 of a directional wheel and 2-4 of a universal wheel with a brake.

Piston member guide 3: a piston component guide shaft 3-1, a first hydraulic cylinder 3-2 and a guide shaft seat 3-3.

Piston member clamping device 4: an elevating mechanism 4-1 and a flexible clamp 4-2.

Lifting mechanism 4-1: the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting mechanism base 4-1-1, a connecting flange 4-1-2, a guide shaft limiting nut 4-1-3, a first guide shaft 4-1-4, a guide shaft limiting sleeve 4-1-5 and a second hydraulic cylinder 4-1-6.

Flexible clamp 4-2: the flexible clamp comprises a flexible clamp base 4-2-1, a third hydraulic cylinder 4-2-2, a first V-shaped jaw 4-2-3, a second V-shaped jaw 4-2-4, a fourth hydraulic cylinder 4-2-5, a second guide shaft 4-2-6, a spring 4-2-7 and a piston part placing seat 4-2-8.

Piston member mount 4-2-8: 4-2-8-1 part of a placing seat body, 4-2-8-2 parts of a circlip for a hole, 4-2-8-3 parts of an inner hexagonal cylinder head bolt, 4-2-8-4 parts of a public joint, 4-2-8-5 parts of a bearing, 4-2-8-6 parts of a circlip for a shaft, 4-2-8-7-C1 parts of a special placing seat, 4-2-8-7-C2 parts and 4-2-8-7-C3 parts.

Piston stopper ring loading attachment 5: 5-1 parts of feeding mechanism, 5-2 parts of bracket, 5-3 parts of pressing mechanism and 5-4 parts of retainer ring guide shaft.

A feeding mechanism 5-1: a fifth hydraulic cylinder 5-1-1, a third guide shaft 5-1-2, a feeding inserting plate 5-1-3 and a discharging baffle plate 5-1-4.

5-3 of a pressing mechanism: 5-3-1 parts of a pressing head, 5-3-2 parts of a supporting end bearing seat, 5-3-3 parts of a fixed end bearing seat, 5-3-4 parts of a second motor, 5-3-5 parts of a lead screw, 5-3-6 parts of a lead screw nut and 5-3-7 parts of a fourth guide shaft.

Piston retainer ring assembling device 6: 6-1 parts of a quick-change mechanism, 6-2-D1 parts of a press-fitting mechanism, 6-2-D2 parts of 6-2-D3 parts of a sixth hydraulic cylinder, 6-4 parts of a third motor, 6-5 parts of a dovetail sliding table, 6-6 parts of a supporting seat, 6-7-E1 parts of a guide mechanism, 6-7-E2 parts of 6-7-E3 parts of a guide mechanism.

Quick change mechanism 6-1: a buckle 6-1-1 and a barrier strip 6-1-2.

Press-fitting mechanism 6-2-D: the press-fitting device comprises a press-fitting head 6-2-D-1, a pin 6-2-D-2, a quick-change connector 6-2-D-3, a sixth hydraulic cylinder 6-3, a common connector 6-2-D-4 and a compression spring 6-2-D-5.

Guide mechanism 6-7-E: a guide sleeve 6-7-E-1 and a feeding groove 6-7-E-2.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an automated method for assembling a piston retainer ring, which mainly comprises the following steps:

Referring to fig. 2, the flexible automatic device for assembling the piston retainer ring provided by the invention mainly comprises six parts:

the piston component assembling device comprises an assembling platform 1, a piston component transferring trolley 2, a piston component guiding device 3, a piston component clamping device 4, a piston retainer ring assembling device 5 and a piston retainer ring feeding device 6.

Piston member clamping device 4: a supporting mechanism 4-1 and a flexible clamp 4-2.

Quick change mechanism 6-1: a buckle 6-1-1 and a barrier strip 6-1-2.

Guide mechanism 6-7-E: a guide sleeve 6-7-E-1 and a feeding groove 6-7-E-2.

Referring to fig. 3, the assembly platform 1 is mainly composed of a fixed base 1-1, a linear module 1-2, a first motor 1-3 and the like. The fixed base 1-1 is formed by welding various sectional materials. The linear module 1-2 consists of a linear guide rail pair and a roller screw pair. The linear module 1-2 is arranged on the fixed base 1-1, and the first motor 1-3 is connected with the linear module 1-2 and used for driving the linear module. The piston part clamping device 4 moves linearly on the linear module, so that the assembly stations are changed.

Referring to fig. 4, the piston component transfer trolley 2 mainly comprises a trolley frame 2-1, a grid 2-2, a plurality of directional wheels 2-3, a plurality of universal wheels 2-4 with brakes and the like. A grill 2-2 is mounted on the top outside of the frame for limiting the position of the piston part being transferred. The directional wheels 2-3 are arranged at the front section and the middle section of the bottom of the frame and are used for ensuring the moving direction of the trolley. The universal wheels 2-4 with brakes are arranged at the rear section of the bottom of the frame and used for controlling the steering of the trolley, and the trolley can be locked through the brakes of the universal wheels 2-4.

Referring to fig. 5, the piston member guiding device 3 is mainly composed of a piston member guiding shaft 3-1, a first hydraulic cylinder 3-2, and a guiding shaft seat 3-3. The first hydraulic cylinder 3-2 is arranged at the tail part of the guide shaft seat 3-3 and is connected with the tail part of the piston component guide shaft 3-1 for driving the piston component guide shaft 3-1 to extend and retract.

Referring to fig. 6, the piston member guide shaft 3-1 has three different outer diameters, each of which corresponds to the inner diameter of the piston pin bore of the piston member a1, a2, A3 in each embodiment.

Referring to fig. 7-9, the piston member guide shaft 3-1 uses three different outer diameters to match the inner diameters of the piston pin bores of the piston members a1, a2, A3 in the embodiments, respectively, to position the piston members a1, a2, A3 in the embodiments. When positioning, the first hydraulic cylinder 3-2 drives the piston component guide shaft 3-1 to extend into a piston pin hole of the piston component, and when the outer diameter of a certain section of the piston component guide shaft 3-1 is completely matched with the inner diameter of the piston pin hole, the piston component is positioned.

Referring to fig. 10, the piston member clamping means 4 is mainly composed of a support mechanism 4-1 and a flexible clamp 4-2. The supporting mechanism 4-1 is arranged at the bottom of the flexible clamp 4-2 and used for adjusting the height of the flexible clamp 4-2, so that the central heights of the piston pin holes of different piston parts clamped by the flexible clamp 4-2 can be in the same position.

Referring to fig. 11, the lifting mechanism 4-1 mainly comprises a lifting mechanism base 4-1-1, a connecting flange 4-1-2, a guide shaft limit nut 4-1-3, a first guide shaft 4-1-4, a guide shaft limit sleeve 4-1-5, a second hydraulic cylinder 4-1-6 and the like. Four corners of the upper surface of the lifting mechanism base 4-1-1 are respectively provided with a first guide shaft 4-1-4, the head of each first guide shaft 4-1-4 is provided with a guide shaft limit nut 4-1-3, and each first guide shaft 4-1-4 is sleeved with a guide shaft limit sleeve 4-1-5. The guide shaft limit nut 4-1-3 and the guide shaft limit sleeve 4-1-5 simultaneously limit the stroke of the flexible clamp 4-2. The second hydraulic cylinder 4-1-6 is arranged in the middle of the lifting mechanism 4-1, the connecting flange 4-1-2 is arranged at the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 4-1-6, and the flexible clamp 4-2 is arranged at the top of the connecting flange 4-1-2. The second hydraulic cylinder 4-1-6 drives the flexible clamp 4-2 to do linear motion in the vertical direction along the first guide shaft 4-1-4, so that the center heights of the piston pin holes of the piston components A1, A2 and A3 clamped by the flexible clamp 4-2 in each embodiment are adjusted to be at the same room height position, and subsequent actions are convenient to perform.

Referring to fig. 12, the flexible clamp 4-2: the flexible clamp base 4-2-1 mainly comprises a third hydraulic cylinder 4-2-2, a first V-shaped jaw 4-2-3, a second V-shaped jaw 4-2-4, a fourth hydraulic cylinder 4-2-5, a second guide shaft 4-2-6, a spring 4-2-7, a piston part placing seat 4-2-8 and the like. The piston part placing seat 4-2-8 is installed in the middle of the flexible clamp base 4-2-1, and the first V-shaped clamping jaw 4-2-3 and the second V-shaped clamping jaw 4-2-4 are respectively installed on two sides of the piston part placing seat 4-2-8 and are connected with the piston part placing seat through a plurality of second guide shafts 4-2-6. The third hydraulic cylinder 4-2-2 is arranged at the tail part of the first V-shaped jaw 4-2-3, and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 4-2-5 is arranged at the tail part of the second V-shaped jaw 4-2-4. The first V-shaped jaw 4-2-3 and the second V-shaped jaw 4-2-4 move oppositely or reversely along the second guide shaft 4-2-6 under the driving of the third hydraulic cylinder 4-2-2 and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 4-2-5 respectively, so that the piston part is clamped and loosened.

Referring to fig. 13-16, the piston component placing seat 4-2-8 mainly comprises a placing seat body 4-2-8-1, a circlip for hole 4-2-8-2, a hexagon socket head cap screw 4-2-8-3, a common joint 4-2-8-4, a bearing 4-2-8-5, a circlip for shaft 4-2-8-6, a special placing seat 4-2-8-7-C1, a special placing seat 4-2-8-7-C2, a special placing seat 4-2-8-7-C3 and the like. The inner ring of the bearing 4-2-8-5 is arranged on the common joint 4-2-8-4, the elastic retainer ring 4-2-8-6 for the shaft is arranged in the retainer ring groove of the common joint 4-2-8-4, the outer ring of the bearing 4-2-8-5 is arranged in the placing seat body 4-2-8-1, the elastic retainer ring 4-2-8-2 for the hole is arranged in the retainer ring groove of the placing seat body 4-2-8-1, and the common joint 4-2-8-4 can rotate in the placing seat body 4-2-8-1 through the bearing 4-2-8-5. The special placing seats 4-2-8-7-C1, 4-2-8-7-C2 and 4-2-8-7-C3 are connected with the common joint 4-2-8-4 through the hexagon socket head cap bolts 4-2-8-3. The piston component placing seats 4-2-8 are used for preventing the piston components A1, A2 and A3, and can meet the placing requirements of piston components A1, A2 and A3 of different series by replacing special placing seats 4-2-8-7-C1, 4-2-8-7-C2 and 4-2-8-7-C3. When the piston components A1, A2 and A3 are initially hoisted to the piston component placing seats 4-2-8, the piston components are not positioned, and certain angle deviation exists. When the piston component guiding device 3 positions the piston components A1, A2 and A3, the piston components A1, A2 and A3 need to be driven to rotate by a small angle, and at the moment, the special placing seats 4-2-8-7-C1, 4-2-8-7-C2 and 4-2-8-7-C3 can rotate along with the piston components, so that the piston components A1, A2 and A3 can be conveniently positioned.

Referring to fig. 17-19, in the piston part clamping device 4, the flexible clamp 4-2 can clamp the piston parts a1, a2 and A3 of different embodiments, and the lifting mechanism 4-1 can adjust the space height of the flexible clamp 4-2, so that the centers of piston pin holes of different series of piston parts a1, a2 and A3 can be located at the same height position, thereby facilitating the positioning of the piston parts and the assembly of piston check rings.

Referring to fig. 20, the piston retainer ring feeding device 5 mainly comprises a feeding mechanism 5-1, a support 5-2, a pressing mechanism 5-3, a retainer ring guide shaft 5-4 and the like. The feeding mechanism 5-1 is arranged on the upper surface of the support 5-2, the check ring guide shaft 5-4 is arranged on the front section of the lower surface of the support 5-2, and the pressing mechanism 5-3 is arranged on the rear section of the lower surface of the support 5-2 and is coaxial with the check ring guide shaft 5-4.

Referring to fig. 21, the feeding mechanism 5-1 mainly comprises a fifth hydraulic cylinder 5-1-1, a third guide shaft 5-1-2, a feeding inserting plate 5-1-3, a discharging baffle plate 5-1-4 and the like. The discharge baffle 5-1-4 is arranged at the front end of the bracket 5-2, a certain gap is reserved between the discharge baffle 5-1-4 and the retainer ring guide shaft 5-4, and the gap is approximately equal to 1.2 times of the thickness of a single piston retainer ring. The fifth hydraulic cylinder 5-1-1 is arranged at the tail part of the feeding inserting plate 5-1-3, and the feeding inserting plate 5-1-3 is connected with the bracket 5-2 through a third guide shaft 5-1-2. The fifth hydraulic cylinder 5-1-1 drives the feeding inserting plate 5-1-3 to extend or retract from a gap reserved between the discharging baffle plate 5-1-4 and the retainer guide shaft 5-4 along the third guide shaft 5-1-2, so as to feed the piston retainers B1, B2 and B3.

Referring to fig. 22, the pressing mechanism 5-3 mainly comprises a pressing head 5-3-1, a supporting end bearing block 5-3-2, a fixed end bearing block 5-3-3, a third motor 5-3-4, a screw rod 5-3-5, a screw rod nut 5-3-6, a fourth guide shaft 5-3-7 and the like. The pressing head 5-3-1 is installed at the supporting end of the lead screw 5-3-5, the third motor 5-3-4 is installed at the fixed end of the lead screw 5-3-5, the lead screw nut 5-3-6 is matched with the lead screw 5-3-5 through a thread pair, and the fourth guide shaft 5-3-7 is used for connecting the pressing head 5-3-1 and the lead screw nut 5-3-6. The third motor 5-3-4 drives the screw rod 5-3-5 to rotate, and the rotation is converted into linear motion of the screw rod nut 5-3-6 through the thread pair, so that the compression head 5-3-1 is driven to extend and retract.

Referring to fig. 23-25, the initial state of the feeding insert plate 5-1-3 is an extended state, and the feeding insert plate 5-1-3 occupies a gap between the discharging baffle plate 5-1-4 and the retainer guide shaft 5-4, so that the piston retainer plate can be prevented from falling out of the gap when being charged. The initial position of the pressing head 5-3-1 is at one end far away from the retainer guide shaft 5-4, a certain space is reserved between the pressing head 5-3-1 and the retainer guide shaft 5-4 for feeding of piston retainers B1, B2 and B3, and the piston retainers B1, B2 and B3 are sequentially sleeved on the retainer guide shaft 5-4 in a manual mode and pressed on the feeding insertion plate 5-1-3.

Referring to fig. 26-28, the feeding flashboard 5-1-3 is driven by the fifth hydraulic cylinder 5-1-1 to retract, the compaction head 5-3-1 is driven by the second motor 5-3-4 to extend, and the piston retaining rings B1, B2 and B3 in the embodiment are tightly pressed against the discharging baffle 5-1-4.

Referring to fig. 29-31, the pressing head 5-3-1 is driven by the second motor 5-3-4 to retract, so that the pressing force on the piston check rings B1, B2 and B3 is reduced, but the piston check rings B1, B2 and B3 are still pressed against the discharging baffle 5-1-4 in the embodiment. The feeding inserting plate 5-1-3 is driven by the sixth hydraulic cylinder 5-1-1 to extend to push the first piston check rings B1, B2 and B3 of the embodiment which are pressed against the discharging baffle plate 5-1-4 out of the gap between the discharging baffle plate 5-1-4 and the check ring guide shaft 5-4. The pushed piston check rings B1, B2 and B3 do free-fall movement and accurately fall into the feeding groove 6-7-E-2. The retainer guide shaft 5-4 is at a fixed height, and the height required to fall before it falls into the feed chute 6-7-E-2 is different due to the different specifications of the piston retainers B1, B2 and B3 in the embodiment. When feeding the piston check rings B1, B2 and B3 in the embodiment, the corresponding feeding grooves 6-7-E1-2, 6-7-E2-2 and 6-7-E3-2 are adopted to make up the falling height difference of the piston check rings B1, B2 and B3 in different embodiments, so that the falling heights of the piston check rings B1, B2 and B3 in different embodiments are the same before falling into the corresponding feeding grooves 6-7-E1-2, 6-7-E2-2 and 6-7-E3-2, and the feeding of the piston check rings is quicker and more accurate.

Referring to fig. 32-34, in the embodiment, piston retainer rings B1, B2 and B3 accurately fall into corresponding guide sleeves 6-7-E1-1, 6-7-E2-1 and 6-7-E3-1 through corresponding feed grooves 6-7-E1-2, 6-7-E2-2 and 6-7-E3-2 respectively, so that feeding is completed. In the embodiment, the press-fit mechanisms 6-2-D1, 6-2-D2 and 6-2-D3 tightly push the piston check rings B1, B2 and B3 in the corresponding guide sleeves 6-7-E1-1, 6-7-E2-1 and 6-7-E3-1 respectively.

Referring to fig. 35-37, the piston retainer ring assembling device 6 mainly comprises a quick-change mechanism 6-1, a press-fitting mechanism 6-2-D1, a press-fitting mechanism 6-2-D2, a press-fitting mechanism 6-2-D3, a sixth hydraulic cylinder 6-3, a third motor 6-4, a dovetail sliding table 6-5, a supporting seat 6-6, a guide mechanism 6-7-E1, a guide mechanism 6-7-E2, a guide mechanism 6-7-E3 and the like. The third motor 6-4 is installed at the tail of the dovetail sliding table 6-5, the supporting seat 6-6 is installed above the dovetail sliding table 6-5, the quick-change mechanism 6-1 is installed on the supporting seat 6-6, the guide mechanisms 6-7-E1, 6-7-E2 and 6-7-E3 can be quickly replaced through the quick-change mechanism 6-1, and the sixth hydraulic cylinder 6-3 is installed at the tail of the press-mounting mechanism 6-2.

Referring to fig. 38, the quick-change mechanism 6-1 mainly comprises a buckle 6-1-1, a barrier strip 6-1-2 and the like. The buckle 6-1-1 and the barrier strip 6-1-2 are respectively connected with the support seat 6-6 through hinges.

Referring to fig. 39-41, the press-fitting mechanism 6-2-D mainly comprises a press-fitting head 6-2-D-1, a pin 6-2-D-2, a quick-change connector 6-2-D-3, a sixth hydraulic cylinder 6-3, a common connector 6-2-D-4, a compression spring 6-2-D-5 and the like. The press-fitting head 6-2-D-1 is connected with the quick-change connector 6-2-D-3 through a thread pair, the pin 6-2-D-2 is installed on two sides of the quick-change connector 6-2-D-3, the common connector 6-2-D-4 is installed at the head of a hydraulic rod in the sixth hydraulic cylinder 6-3 through the thread pair, and the compression spring 6-2-D-5 is installed in the common quick-change connector 6-2-D-4. Firstly, a compression spring 6-2-D-5 is pressed into a public connector 6-2-D-4 by using a quick-change connector 6-2-D-3, then the quick-change connector 6-2-D-3 is rotated, so that pins 6-2-D-2 at two sides of the quick-change connector can be clamped into clamping grooves of the public connector 6-2-D-4, namely, the quick replacement of the press-mounting head 6-2-D-1 is carried out according to the specification of a piston retainer ring required to be assembled.

Referring to fig. 42-44, the guide mechanism 6-7-E mainly comprises a guide sleeve 6-7-E-1, a feeding chute 6-7-E-2 and the like. The feed chute 6-7-E-2 is arranged at the top of the guide sleeve 6-7-E-1, and the feed chute 6-7-E-2 is aligned with the groove on the guide sleeve 6-7-E-1. The guide sleeve 6-7-E-1 is used for guiding the press-fitting direction of the piston retainer rings, so that the piston retainer rings can be accurately assembled into the retainer ring grooves of the piston components A1, A2 and A3, and the feeding groove 6-7-E-2 is used for receiving the piston retainer rings B1, B2 and B3 fed by the piston component feeding device 5. D1, D2 and D3 respectively correspond to the outer diameter sizes of the piston retaining rings B1, B2 and B3 before press fitting, and D1, D2 and D3 respectively correspond to the outer diameter sizes of the piston retaining rings B1, B2 and B3 before press fitting. b1, b2, b3 correspond to the distance from the end face of the piston pin bore to the piston land groove in piston parts a1, a2, A3, respectively. h1, h2 and h3 are respectively used for making up the height difference of piston retainer rings B1, B2 and B3 falling into the guide mechanism by self weight.

Referring to fig. 45-47, the front end stepped structures of the guide sleeves 6-7-E1-1, 6-7-E2-1 and 6-7-E2-1 in the guide mechanisms 6-7-E1, 6-7-E2 and 6-7-E3 extend into piston pin holes of the piston components a1, a2 and A3 in the embodiment, and the end surfaces of the front end stepped structures of the guide sleeves 6-7-E1-1, 6-7-E2-1 and 6-7-E2-1 are flush with retainer grooves of the corresponding piston components a1, a2 and A3 respectively. The press-fitting mechanisms 6-2-D1, 6-2-D2 and 6-2-D3 push the piston check rings B1, B2 and B3 in the embodiments along the guide sleeves 6-7-E1-1, 6-7-E2-1 and 6-7-E2-1 in the guide mechanisms 6-7-E1, 6-7-E2 and 6-7-E3 to assemble.

Referring to fig. 48-50, the press-fitting mechanisms 6-2-D1, 6-2-D2 and 6-2-D3 push the piston check rings B1, B2 and B3 in the embodiment into check ring grooves of the corresponding piston parts a1, a2 and A3, and the assembly is completed.

Claims

1. An actuator of flexible automated equipment for piston retainer assembly, the actuator is used for assembling piston retainers (B1, B2, B3) into a piston part (A1, A2, A3), the bottom of the piston part (A1, A2, A3) is in a cylinder shape, the upper part of the piston part is provided with a plane, the plane is provided with a through round hole, and the inner side of the round hole is provided with a retainer groove for placing a piston ring; the actuating mechanism comprises an assembly platform (1), a piston retainer ring feeding device (5) and a piston retainer ring assembly device (6), wherein the piston retainer ring feeding device (5) and the piston retainer ring are arranged right below the assembly device (6);

the piston retainer ring feeding device (5) is characterized by comprising a discharge baffle (5-1-4), the end part of the discharge baffle (5-1-4) is in a circular arc shape matched with piston retainer rings (B1, B2 and B3), and the discharge baffle (5-1-4) downwards presses and conveys the piston retainer rings (B1, B2 and B3) on the feeding device into a piston retainer ring assembling device (6);

the piston retainer ring assembling device (6) comprises guide sleeves (6-7-E1-1, 6-7-E2-1 and 6-7-E2-1), and the end faces of the front end stepped structures of the guide sleeves (6-7-E1-1, 6-7-E2-1 and 6-7-E2-1) are flush with retainer ring grooves of corresponding piston components (A1, A2 and A3) respectively and can extend into piston pin holes of the piston components (A1, A2 and A3); the piston retainer rings (B1, B2, B3) falling from the piston retainer ring feeding device (5) fall into the grooves of the guide sleeves (6-7-E1-1, 6-7-E2-1, 6-7-E2-1), and the piston retainer rings (B1, B2, B3) are pushed into the retainer ring grooves of the corresponding piston components (A1, A2, A3) by the press-fit mechanisms (6-2-D1, 6-2-D2, 6-2-D3) so as to complete assembly.

2. The actuating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the piston retainer ring feeding device (5) comprises a support (5-2), a feeding mechanism (5-1) is arranged on the upper surface of the support (5-2), a retainer ring guide shaft (5-4) is arranged at one end of the lower surface of the support, which is close to the feeding mechanism, and a pressing mechanism (5-3) is arranged at the lower surface of the other end of the support, the pressing mechanism (5-3) is coaxial with the retainer ring guide shaft (5-4), and the retainer ring guide shaft (5-4) is used for accommodating a piston retainer ring to be installed.

3. An actuator according to claim 2, wherein the feeding mechanism (5-1) comprises a feeding insert (5-1-3), the feeding insert (5-1-3) is slidably assembled in the frame of the feeding mechanism (5-1) through a guide shaft (5-4), and the discharging baffle (5-1-4) is fixed at one end of the feeding insert (5-1-3); the driving feeding inserting plate (5-1-3) is driven by a hydraulic cylinder (5-1-1) to slide along the guide shaft (5-1-2), so that the discharging baffle plate (5-1-4) is driven to extend or retract.

4. An actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that the discharge baffle (5-1-4) is mounted at the front end of the support (5-2), and that a clearance, which is approximately equal to 1.2 times the thickness of a single piston ring, is left between the discharge baffle (5-1-4) and the ring guide shaft (5-4).

5. An actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressing means (5-3) comprises a pressing head (5-3-1), which pressing head (5-3-1) is mounted at the output of the drive means by means of a guide shaft (5-3-7), which pressing head (5-3-1) can be moved towards or away from the guide shaft (5-4); the pressing head (5-3-1) is in a semi-circular arc shape with a central hole, the diameter of the central hole is slightly larger than that of the guide shaft (5-4), so that the pressing head (5-3-1) can penetrate through the guide shaft (5-4) to contact with a piston retaining ring (B1, B2, B3) to be assembled.

6. An actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston collar mounting means (6) comprises a support (6-6), which support (6-6) is mounted on a dovetail slide (6-5), which dovetail slide (6-5) is fixed to the mounting platform (1); the guide sleeves (6-7-E1-1, 6-7-E2-1, 6-7-E2-1) are arranged on the partition plate of the supporting seat (6-6) through a quick-change mechanism (6-1), and the supporting seat (6-6) can transversely move along the dovetail groove direction, so that the guide sleeves (6-7-E1-1, 6-7-E2-1, 6-7-E2-1) are driven to extend into the piston parts (A1, A2, A3).

7. An actuator according to claim 1, wherein the guide sleeve (6-7-E1-1, 6-7-E2-1, 6-7-E2-1) is provided with a guide hole and a feed chute, the feed chute is arranged at the top of the guide sleeve and corresponds to the discharge hole of the feed mechanism (5-1), and the feed chute is used for receiving piston retaining rings (B1, B2, B3) conveyed by the piston part feeding device (5); the diameter of the outer side opposite to the piston part (A1, A2, A3) is the same as the diameter of the through round hole, thereby ensuring the correct assembly of the piston retainer (B1, B2, B3).

8. Actuator according to claim 1, wherein the press-fit means (6-2-D1, 6-2-D2, 6-2-D3) comprise a common joint (6-2-D-4), the common joint (6-2-D-4) being fixed to the output of a hydraulic cylinder mounted on a support (6-6).

9. An actuator according to claim 1, wherein the press-fitting mechanism (6-2-D1, 6-2-D2, 6-2-D3) further comprises a press-fitting head (6-2-D-1) and a quick-change connector (6-2-D-3), the press-fitting head (6-2-D-1) and the quick-change connector (6-2-D-3) being fixedly connected; the quick-change connector (6-2-D-3) is pressed into the public connector (6-2-D-4) through a compression spring (6-2-D-5) and is quickly fixed through a fastening device; the press-fitting head (6-2-D-1) has push plates extending radially from the bottom thereof and separated from each other.

10. An actuator according to claim 9, wherein the press-fit head (6-2-D-1) and the guide sleeve (6-7-E1-1, 6-7-E2-1, 6-7-E2-1) are dimensioned to match the dimensions of their respective piston collars (B1, B2, B3).