CN114029700A - Manufacturing method of variable-thickness frame string type section bar part - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of variable-thickness frame string type section bar part Download PDFInfo
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- CN114029700A CN114029700A CN202111242365.1A CN202111242365A CN114029700A CN 114029700 A CN114029700 A CN 114029700A CN 202111242365 A CN202111242365 A CN 202111242365A CN 114029700 A CN114029700 A CN 114029700A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000013000 roll bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013072 incoming material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing variable-thickness frame string type section parts, which comprises the following steps of: step S1, fixing the section to be processed on a three-coordinate numerical control machine tool; step S2, milling the section to be processed to the thickness and the outline of the part at a high speed in a numerical control manner to obtain a section part; step S3, annealing the section parts; step S4, stretch bending the section parts by using a stretch bender; step S5, quenching the section parts; and step S6, roll-bending the section parts to obtain the variable-thickness frame string type section parts. The manufacturing method of the invention mills the section to be processed to the thickness dimension and the appearance dimension of the variable thickness frame string type section part, thereby ensuring the thickness dimension of the part and simultaneously reducing the thickness of the part in the forming process, thereby reducing the rebound, ensuring the quality of the part, improving the production efficiency, improving the qualification rate of the product and reducing the cost of manpower and material resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of profile forming, in particular to a manufacturing method of variable-thickness frame string type profile parts.
Background
The variable-thickness frame string type profile part is one of main structural parts forming an airplane framework, particularly is a large-size variable-thickness frame string type profile part which is widely applied to longitudinal and transverse components of an airplane, as shown in figures 1 and 2, the cross section of the variable-thickness frame string type profile part 1 is T-shaped and is composed of a transverse plate 11 and a vertical plate 12 which are integrated, the thickness of the transverse plate 11 in the formed part is gradually changed along the length direction of the large-size variable-thickness frame string type profile part, and the width of the vertical plate 12 is also gradually changed along the length direction of the large-size variable-thickness frame string type profile part.
In the part forming process, the thickness of the supplied material to be processed section bar of the section bar part selected as the frame string at present can not meet the requirement of the final part, namely the width of the transverse plate 11 and the width of the vertical plate 12 in the section bar to be processed are far larger than the width of the transverse plate 11 and the width of the vertical plate 12 in the part to be formed, the milling thickness is often needed, and the thickness of the transverse plate 11 in the part to be formed is gradually changed. The forming of the section is plastic deformation essentially, and the springback is a main factor influencing the forming quality, but is also influenced by a plurality of factors such as part structures, materials, tools and the like. For large-size variable-thickness frame string type section parts used on an airplane framework, if the parts are manufactured according to the manufacturing method, namely the parts are formed firstly and then the thickness is milled in a numerical control mode, the thickness of the section to be processed of the incoming material is far beyond the thickness of the conventional section, the yield strength is too large, and the numerical value is close to the upper limit value of a section stretch bender; and the resilience is too large after the forming, after multiple corrections, the sticking degree can not meet the technical requirements, and simultaneously, the positioning is not accurate during numerical control milling, and the thickness is out of tolerance and can not meet the requirements after milling, so that the product is scrapped and the qualified rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing formed large-size variable-thickness frame string section has large resilience and poor sticking degree, cannot meet the technical requirements, and causes the thickness after milling to be easily out of tolerance and low yield, and provides a manufacturing method of a large-size variable-thickness frame string section part.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing method of a large-size variable-thickness frame string type section part comprises the following steps:
step S1, fixing the section to be processed on a three-coordinate numerical control machine tool;
step S2, milling the section to be processed to the thickness and the outline of the part at a high speed in a numerical control manner to obtain a section part;
step S3, annealing the section part obtained in the step S2;
step S4, performing stretch bending forming on the profile part obtained in the step S3 by using a stretch bender;
step S5, quenching the section part obtained in the step S4;
and step S6, performing roll bending forming on the profile part obtained in the step S5 to obtain the variable-thickness chord frame profile part.
The variable thickness frame string type section part, particularly the large-size variable thickness frame string type section part, is characterized in that a section to be processed is milled to the thickness size and the appearance size of the variable thickness frame string type section part, the thickness size of the finally formed variable thickness part is ensured, the curved surface forming of the part is achieved through stretch bending and roll bending forming, the thickness of the section part in the forming process is reduced because the thickness size of the variable thickness frame string type section part is milled to be variable, the springback of the section part after stretch bending and roll bending forming is reduced, the quality of the variable thickness frame string type section part is ensured, the production efficiency is improved, the qualification rate of products is improved, and the cost of manpower, material resources and the like is also reduced.
In the invention, the profile to be processed is a straight profile, before the profile to be processed is milled to the profile dimension of a part, the profile dimension of the profile to be processed needs to be determined, the numerical model of the formed variable thickness frame string type profile part is unfolded, and then a proper proportional length is selected according to the dimension of the part to perform a stretch bending test, so that the profile dimension of the unfolded profile to be processed is determined.
Further, in step S4, the detailed steps of stretch bending forming are:
step S41, fixing the profile part obtained in the step S3 on a stretch bender;
step S42, stretch bending forming is carried out on the section parts, in the stretch bending process, the stretching force is 10000-40000 Kg, and the stretch bending speed is as follows: 10-50 mm/s;
and S43, standing for 0.4-3 min after the stretch bending forming is finished, loosening the stretch bending chuck and taking out the section parts.
Further, in step S42, a stretch bending mold is used for stretch bending forming, the stretch bending mold includes a main mold and a tongue-shaped cushion block, the main mold is used for forming a curved surface of the profile part, the tongue-shaped cushion block is used for fixing the variable thickness region of the profile part, and the tongue-shaped cushion block is matched with the variable thickness region of the profile part, so that the thickness of the variable thickness region is kept consistent, and the use of the tongue-shaped cushion block enables each part of the profile part to be stressed uniformly in the stretch bending process, thereby facilitating stretch bending forming.
Furthermore, the material of the main die is Q235 steel, the material of the tongue-shaped cushion block is polyurethane, and preferably, the material of the tongue-shaped cushion block is high-hardness polyurethane. Due to the fact that the extension rate of the section extending part is high, the material flowing of the die in the thickness-variable region during section stretch bending needs to be considered, and the stretch bending die can meet the requirements in the stretch bending process.
Further, the annealing temperature is 335-345 ℃, and air cooling is carried out. The section parts are subjected to stress relief annealing after high-speed milling, the processing stress generated in the milling process is eliminated by annealing, and then the section parts are subjected to air cooling to prevent cracks caused by stress concentration in the stretch bending and roll bending processes.
Further, the quenching temperature is 460-470 ℃, and the quenching is carried out by water cooling. Quenching the parts to make the section parts reach a solid solution treatment state, increasing the strength of the section parts, and then carrying out water cooling.
Further, after the quenching in step S5, the roll bending forming in step S6 is completed within 0.5-1.5 h. More preferably, the roll-bending formation in step S6 is completed within 1 h. Because the interval time between quenching and roll bending is too long, the aging treatment is equivalently carried out, so that the strength is improved, and the shaping of the part is poor.
Further, the manufacturing method further includes:
and S7, placing the section part which is formed in the rolling bending mode in the S6 in a correction die, performing local correction, trimming and checking to obtain the large-size variable-thickness frame string section part which meets the requirement, and checking the die attaching degree and the shape size of the part and the correction die to obtain the variable-thickness frame string section part which meets the requirement.
Furthermore, the die attaching degree is required to be that the gap value is not more than 0.5mm, if the die attaching degree is unqualified, the part is locally corrected manually, the tolerance required by the outline dimension is +/-0.5 mm, the outline of the part is trimmed, and finally the variable-thickness frame string type section bar part meeting the requirement is obtained. In the invention, the manufacturing method also comprises inspection and manual correction, and the qualification rate of products can be further improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for the variable-thickness frame-string section part, disclosed by the invention, is used for milling the section to be processed to the thickness dimension and the appearance dimension, so that the thickness dimension of the variable-thickness part is ensured, and meanwhile, the thickness of the section part in the forming process is reduced, so that the springback is reduced, the quality of the large-size variable-thickness frame-string section part is ensured, the production efficiency is improved, the qualification rate of products is improved, and the cost of manpower, material resources and the like is also reduced.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a variable thickness frame string type profile part;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a variable thickness frame string type profile component;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the method for manufacturing a variable thickness frame string type section bar part according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a variable thickness frame string type profile component;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a variable thickness frame string type profile component;
the labels in the figure are:
1-variable thickness frame string type section bar parts, 11-transverse plates and 12-vertical plates.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the section of the variable thickness frame string type profile part 1 is T-shaped and is composed of a horizontal plate 11 and a vertical plate 12 which are integrated, the thickness of the horizontal plate 11 in the formed part is gradually changed along the length direction of the variable thickness frame string type profile part, and the width of the vertical plate 12 is also gradually changed along the length direction of the variable thickness frame string type profile part. The yield strength is too high by adopting the existing manufacturing method, and the numerical value is close to the upper limit value of the section bar stretch bender; and the resilience is too large after the forming, after multiple corrections, the sticking degree can not meet the technical requirements, and simultaneously, the positioning is not accurate during numerical control milling, and the thickness is out of tolerance and can not meet the requirements after milling, so that the product is scrapped and the qualified rate is low.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-5, a method for manufacturing a variable thickness frame string type section part comprises the following steps:
step S1, fixing the section to be processed on a three-coordinate numerical control machine tool;
step S2, milling the section to be processed to the thickness and the outline of the part at a high speed in a numerical control manner to obtain a section part;
step S3, annealing the section part obtained in the step S2;
step S4, performing stretch bending forming on the profile part obtained in the step S3 by using a stretch bender;
step S5, quenching the section part obtained in the step S4;
and S6, performing roll bending forming on the section part obtained in the step S5 to obtain the large-size variable-thickness frame string section part.
In this embodiment, T-shaped profiles with thicknesses of 17.3mm and 12.95mm are selected for the to-be-processed profile, as shown in fig. 2, the to-be-processed profile is made of 7075 high-strength aluminum alloy in an O state, and the thickness of the large-size variable-thickness frame string profile part obtained after manufacturing is 8.84mm at most, 1.75mm at most, and 2900mm in length. Before milling the profile to be processed to the profile outline of the part, the profile outline of the profile to be processed needs to be determined, the formed part digifax of the variable-thickness frame string type profile is unfolded, and then a proper proportional length is selected according to the size of the part to perform a stretch bending test, so that the length of the profile to be processed is determined.
In step S3, the annealing temperature is 335 to 345 degrees celsius, and air cooling is performed.
In some embodiments, the detailed steps of stretch-bend forming performed in step S4 are:
step S41, fixing the profile part obtained in the step S3 on a stretch bender;
step S42, stretch bending forming is carried out on the section parts, in the stretch bending process, the stretching force is 10000-40000 Kg, and the stretch bending speed is as follows: 10-50 mm/s;
and S43, standing for 0.4-3 min after the stretch bending forming is finished, loosening the stretch bending chuck and taking out the section parts.
In step S41, the profile part is loaded into a stretch bending machine, fixed, the stretch bending machine parameters are set, the wrap is limited to sine only, the sine on the left side is set to 27.5, the sine on the right side is set to 27, the arm wrap speed is set to 1.3deg/sel, in step S41, the tensile force is 37000Kg, and the stretch bending speed is: 30 mm/s; and the stretch bending die is used for stretch bending forming and comprises a main die and a tongue-shaped cushion block, the main die is used for forming the curved surface of the section part, the tongue-shaped cushion block is used for fixing the thickness-variable region of the section part, and meanwhile, the tongue-shaped cushion block is matched with the thickness-variable region of the section part. Therefore, the tongue-shaped cushion block is also variable in thickness and is matched with the transverse plate 11, so that the thickness of the variable-thickness area of the transverse plate 11 along the length direction of the part is kept consistent, namely, the sum of the thickness of the tongue-shaped cushion block and the thickness of the transverse plate 11 is kept unchanged along the length direction of the part, and all parts of the profile part are uniformly stressed in the stretch bending process by using the tongue-shaped cushion block, so that the profile part is formed by utilizing stretch bending.
Due to the elongation of the profile, the material flow of the die in the thickened area must be considered when the profile is stretch-bent, the tongue pad is made of polyurethane, in particular high hardness polyurethane, and the main die is made of Q235 steel.
In step S5, the quenching temperature is 460 to 470 degrees celsius, water cooling is performed, and roll bending forming is completed within 1 hour after quenching.
In step S6, the part is roll-formed, and the detailed steps of roll-forming are:
step S61, determining roll bending forming parameters according to the part structure;
step S62, placing the section part obtained in the step S5 on a roll bending machine;
and step S63, performing roll bending forming on the section parts.
In some embodiments the method of manufacturing further comprises:
and S7, placing the profile part which is formed in the rolling bending mode in the step S6 in a correction die, and checking the die attaching degree and the outline dimension of the part and the correction die to obtain the large-size variable-thickness frame string type profile part which meets the requirements. And the die attaching degree is required to be that the gap value is not more than 0.5mm, if the die attaching degree is unqualified, the part is locally corrected manually, the tolerance required by the external dimension is +/-0.5 mm, and the external shape of the part is trimmed.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A manufacturing method of variable-thickness frame string type section parts is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, fixing the section to be processed on a three-coordinate numerical control machine tool;
step S2, milling the section to be processed to the thickness and the outline of the part in a numerical control manner to obtain a section part;
step S3, annealing the section part obtained in the step S2;
step S4, performing stretch bending forming on the profile part obtained in the step S3 by using a stretch bender;
step S5, quenching the section part obtained in the step S4;
and step S6, performing roll bending forming on the profile part obtained in the step S5 to obtain the variable-thickness chord frame profile part.
2. The method for manufacturing a variable thickness frame string type profile member according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 includes the detailed steps of:
step S41, fixing the profile part obtained in the step S3 on a stretch bender;
step S42, stretch bending forming is carried out on the section parts, in the stretch bending process, the stretching force is 10000-40000 Kg, and the stretch bending speed is as follows: 10-50 mm/s;
and S43, standing for 0.4-3 min after the stretch bending forming is finished, loosening the stretch bending chuck and taking out the section parts.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein in step S42, the stretch bending is performed by using a stretch bending die, and the stretch bending die includes a main die and a tongue-shaped pad, and the tongue-shaped pad is used for fixing the variable thickness region of the profile component to keep the thickness of the variable thickness region consistent.
4. The method for manufacturing a variable thickness frame string type section bar component according to claim 3, wherein the main die is made of Q235 steel, and the tongue-shaped cushion block is made of polyurethane.
5. The method for manufacturing a variable thickness frame string type section bar part according to claim 1, wherein the annealing temperature is 335-345 ℃ and the air cooling is carried out.
6. The method for manufacturing a variable-thickness frame string type section bar part according to claim 1, wherein the quenching temperature is 460-470 ℃ and the quenching temperature is water cooling.
7. The method for manufacturing a variable thickness frame string type section bar component according to claim 1, wherein the roll bending forming in the step S6 is performed within 0.5-1.5 hours after the quenching in the step S5.
8. The method of manufacturing a variable thickness frame string type profile part according to claim 1, further comprising:
and S7, placing the profile part which is formed in the rolling bending mode in the step S6 in a correction die, and checking the die attaching degree and the outline size of the part and the correction die to obtain the variable-thickness frame string type profile part meeting the requirements.
9. The method for manufacturing a variable thickness frame string type section bar part according to claim 8, wherein the die attaching degree is required to be a gap value not more than 0.5mm, if the die attaching degree is unqualified, the part is locally corrected by hand, the tolerance required by the external dimension is +/-0.5 mm, and the external shape of the part is trimmed.
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| CN202111242365.1A CN114029700A (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Manufacturing method of variable-thickness frame string type section bar part |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024093248A1 (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2024-05-10 | 天津航天长征火箭制造有限公司 | Roll-bending forming method for hollow inequilateral profile frame |
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| CN112813365A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-18 | 淮安和通汽车零部件有限公司 | Method for processing aluminum alloy section for automobile exterior trim |
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2021
- 2021-10-25 CN CN202111242365.1A patent/CN114029700A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101537449A (en) * | 2009-04-10 | 2009-09-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device for molding section variable camber part by one-step profile modeling and winding and method thereof |
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