CN114029339A - System and method for restoring polluted soil by using microbial degradation technology - Google Patents
System and method for restoring polluted soil by using microbial degradation technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN114029339A CN114029339A CN202111318693.5A CN202111318693A CN114029339A CN 114029339 A CN114029339 A CN 114029339A CN 202111318693 A CN202111318693 A CN 202111318693A CN 114029339 A CN114029339 A CN 114029339A
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for restoring polluted soil by utilizing a microbial degradation technology, which are characterized in that a soil sample is extracted, the isotope abundance ratio of polluted elements in different periods is determined by utilizing a secondary ion mass spectrometry, and the concentration of the residual polluted elements is calculated by utilizing a stable isotope analysis method, so that the input quantity of a microorganism input system is controlled. The change condition of pollutants in the soil is mastered in real time, a feedback mechanism is formed for the soil remediation condition and the input quantity of microorganisms, and the balance of the microorganisms in the soil is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polluted soil remediation, in particular to a system and a method for remediating polluted soil by utilizing a microbial degradation technology.
Background
Bioremediation refers to the conversion of toxic environmental polluting compounds into harmless substances by microbial digestion. Bioremediation has been successfully used to treat above-ground treatment systems, above-ground slurry bioreactors, slurry pits, above-ground soil piles, compost material and contaminated soil in situ.
Bioremediation is accelerated by adding nutrients, pH modifiers and oxygen (if aerobic microorganisms are used) to the soil and/or water of interest. By adjusting these parameters, indigenous microorganisms will multiply and become more active, resulting in faster waste degradation. If the indigenous microorganisms do not have the genes required to produce the enzymes necessary to degrade the contaminants, it may be necessary to add "foreign" microorganisms to the contaminated environment if the concentration of contaminants is so high that they are harmful to the native microorganisms or if the concentration of contaminants is so low that the native level of the microorganisms cannot further degrade them to acceptable levels.
However, in the contaminated soil remediation systems in the prior art, microorganisms required for degradation are added at one time, so that the microorganism input is too high or insufficient, and the fundamental is that no feedback process is provided in the contaminated soil remediation system, so that the contaminated soil remediation process is not thorough and the effect is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a system for remediating contaminated soil using a microbial degradation technique, comprising: the system comprises a microorganism input system, a soil sample extraction system and an analysis control system;
the microorganism input system comprises a microorganism storage tank and a microorganism input pipeline; the microorganism input pipeline is used for conveying mixed liquid of microorganisms and nutrient solution into polluted soil, the upper layer of the microorganism storage tank is used for storing microorganism solution, and the lower layer of the microorganism storage tank is used for storing nutrient controlled release particles;
the soil sample extraction system is used for extracting, processing and storing soil samples;
the analysis control system is used for periodically detecting and analyzing the soil sample and controlling the input quantity of the microorganisms to the input system.
Further, the soil sample extraction system comprises a soil sample extraction pipeline, a vacuum suction pump, a solid-liquid separation device, a liquid storage tank and a solid storage tank; the soil sample extraction pipeline extends into the polluted soil depth for periodically extracting soil samples and sending the soil samples to the solid-liquid separation device for centrifugal treatment, sewage obtained through centrifugal treatment enters the liquid storage tank, and the soil samples after centrifugal treatment enter the solid storage tank after vibration filtration.
Further, the analysis control system comprises a pollutant detection unit, a data input unit, an analysis controller and a main controller; the pollutant detection unit is used for respectively detecting the types and the contents of pollutants in the extracted soil sample and the extracted sewage sample; the data input unit is used for inputting the detection result of the pollutant detection unit into the analysis controller, the analysis controller analyzes the restoration degree of the polluted soil based on the detection data input by the data input unit and adjusts the input amount of the microorganisms according to the restoration degree of the polluted soil, and the master controller is used for controlling the input amount of the microorganism input system.
Further, the analysis controller adopts a stable isotope analysis method,
firstly, calculating the percentage alpha of the isotopic abundance ratio of elements in the pollutants according to the following formula:
α＝(TCQ/TQ-1)×1000；
in the formula, TCQIs the ratio of the abundance of isotopes of an element in the contaminant; t isQIs the ratio of the abundance of the isotope of the element in the standard substance;
secondly, the residual concentration C of said element in the contaminant is calculatedtAnd the initial value concentration C0The ratio f of the amounts of the components,
f＝e(α-α')/∈；
f＝Ct/C0；
wherein epsilon is an enrichment coefficient, and alpha' is an initial value of the element in a thousandth ratio before degradation.
Further, the nutrient controlled-release granule has a control coating on the outer layer and a water-soluble nutrient core encapsulated in the control coating on the inner layer.
Further, the microorganism input pipe is composed of an elongated hollow tube formed with a plurality of release holes along a length direction to allow the mixed liquid to be released outward in a direction substantially perpendicular to a central axis of the microorganism input pipe.
Further, the upper layer and the lower layer of the microorganism storage tank are separated by a biological membrane, and the biological membrane allows the microorganism solution to freely permeate but not allows the nutrient controlled release particles to permeate.
Further, the soil sample extraction pipe is composed of an elongated hollow tube formed with a plurality of extraction grooves along the length to allow soil samples to be extracted at different depths in the soil under the drive of a vacuum suction pump.
The invention also provides a method for restoring the polluted soil by using the system for restoring the polluted soil by using the microbial degradation technology, which comprises the following steps: periodically extracting soil samples, determining the isotope abundance ratio of the pollution elements in different periods by using a secondary ion mass spectrometry, and calculating the residual concentration of the pollution elements by using a stable isotope analysis method so as to control the input quantity of the microorganism input system.
Compared with the prior art, the system and the method for restoring the polluted soil by utilizing the microbial degradation technology have the following technical effects:
(1) the soil sample extraction system can realize real-time control of the change condition of pollutants in the soil; (2) by coupling the microorganism input system, the soil sample extraction system and the analysis control system, a feedback mechanism can be formed on the soil remediation condition and the microorganism input quantity, and the balance of microorganisms in the soil is ensured; (3) the microbial solution is continuously provided with effective microbial growth and activity promoting level nutrients through the nutrient controlled release particles, and the activity of the microbes is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a system for remediating contaminated soil using a microbial degradation technique according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a microorganism storage tank;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the analysis control system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the method for remediating contaminated soil using microbial degradation technology in accordance with the present invention.
10: a microorganism input conduit; 20: a soil sample extraction pipeline; 11: a release aperture; 13: a microorganism storage tank; 21: an extraction well; 22: a vacuum suction pump; 23: a solid-liquid separation device; 24: a liquid storage tank; 25 a solids storage tank; the analysis control system 30.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail. In order to explain the technical means of the present invention, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for remediating contaminated soil using a microbial degradation technique according to the present invention, which includes a microbial input system, a soil sample extraction system, and an analysis control system.
The microorganism input system comprises a microorganism storage tank 13 and a microorganism input pipeline 10; the microorganism input pipe 10 is used for delivering a mixed liquid of microorganisms and a nutrient solution into contaminated soil, and the microorganism input pipe 10 is constituted by an elongated hollow tube formed with a plurality of release holes 11 along a length direction thereof to allow the mixed liquid to be released outward in a direction substantially perpendicular to a central axis of the microorganism input pipe.
The state of different soil qualities is different according to the conditions of the soil formation to be purified, for example, water-permeable gravel, sand, cohesive soil, etc., and thus the injection rate of microorganisms needs to be adjusted.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of a microorganism storage tank, the microorganism storage tank is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the upper layer is used for storing a solution containing microorganisms, the lower layer is used for storing controlled release particles of nutrients, and the upper layer and the lower layer are separated by a biological membrane, which allows the microorganism solution to freely permeate but not allows the controlled release particles of nutrients to permeate. When the solution containing the microorganisms enters the lower layer space, the nutrient controlled-release particles continuously release nutrient substances, so that the microorganism solution is changed into a microorganism nutrient mixed solution, the microorganism nutrient mixed solution upwards permeates a biological membrane, the microorganism solution on the upper layer is also changed into a microorganism nutrient mixed solution, the microorganism nutrient mixed solution is input into a polluted underground soil layer through a microorganism input pipeline, and the microorganisms rich in nutrient solution are used for degrading polluting organic compounds in the environment within a time period.
In the understructure, the controlled release nutrient granules are capable of continuously providing effective microorganism growth and activity promoting levels of nutrient to said microbial solution for a period of at least about two months, the controlled release nutrient granules having an outer layer which is a control coating and an inner layer which is a water soluble nutrient core encapsulated in the control coating. Specifically, the control coating is linseed oil/DCPD copolymer resin, and the nutrients comprise nitrogen and one or more of phosphorus, sulfur, vitamins, buffers. The controlled release of nutrients comprises a particulate material having a particle diameter of from about 0.1mm to about 5 mm.
The soil sample extraction system is used for extracting, processing and storing soil samples, and comprises a soil sample extraction pipeline 20, a vacuum suction pump 22, a solid-liquid separation device 23, a liquid storage tank 24 and a solid storage tank 25.
The soil sample extraction pipe 20 extends deep into the contaminated soil for periodically extracting soil samples, and the soil sample extraction pipe 20 is also constituted by an elongated hollow tube formed with a plurality of extraction grooves 21 along the length thereof to allow soil samples to be extracted at different depths of the soil by the driving of a vacuum suction pump 22.
The soil sample taken up by the soil sample extraction pipe 20 enters the solid-liquid separation device 23, the solid-liquid separation device 23 centrifugally treats the soil sample, and the sewage water separated by centrifugation enters the liquid storage tank 24. The solid-liquid separation device 23 preferably employs a high-speed centrifugal dehydrator that generates a centrifugal force much larger than the acceleration of gravity, thereby performing solid-liquid separation of the extracted soil sample by a difference in specific gravity therein. Preferably, when the soil sample contains materials such as domestic garbage or industrial garbage, the extracted soil sample is crushed to minimize the volume before centrifugation, and then centrifugation is performed.
The dewatered soil sample is subjected to vibration filtration to filter large-particle garbage, and the filtered soil sample enters a solid storage box 25.
In the vibration filtering process, according to the type of sandy soil sludge or sludge to be treated, the meshes of the corresponding filter plates and the dewatering treatment time are properly adjusted.
The analysis control system performs contaminant detection on the sewage sample stored in the liquid storage tank 24 and the soil sample stored in the solid storage tank 25, respectively.
As shown in fig. 3, the analysis control system includes a contamination detection unit, a data input unit, an analysis controller, and a main controller.
And the pollutant detection unit is used for respectively detecting the types and the contents of pollutants in the extracted soil sample and the extracted sewage sample.
The data input unit is used for inputting the detection result of the pollutant detection unit into the analysis controller, the analysis controller analyzes the restoration degree of the polluted soil based on the detection data of the pollutant detection unit input by the data input unit, adjusts the input amount of the microorganism according to the restoration degree of the polluted soil, and controls the main controller to control the input amount of the microorganism input system. For example, the input amount of the microorganism into the system can be synchronously reduced after the pollutants in the soil sample gradually decline.
The analytical controller of the present invention preferably employs a stable isotope analysis method, specifically:
the carbon, hydrogen, chlorine and other elements forming the pollutant have stable isotopes, and the isotope abundance ratio of the elements in the pollutant has a relatively fixed range, which is expressed by a thousandth ratio alpha value relative to the isotope abundance ratio of the standard substance. The formula for calculating the thousandths of alpha is given below by taking the element C as an example:
α＝(TCQ/TQ-1)×1000；
in the formula, TCQIs in the pollutant13C and12abundance ratio of C; t isQIs in the standard substance13C and12abundance ratio of C.
Molecules containing lighter isotopes are less chemically bound, are more readily dissociated, and tend to react more rapidly than molecules containing heavier stable isotopes, resulting in the accumulation of heavy isotopes in the reactants in the degradation products. For example, because13Ratio of C to C12C is slightly heavier and is preferentially converted when the reaction takes place12C, so that as the reaction proceeds, the remaining contaminants are contained13The relative content of the molecules of C is continuously increased, namely the value of the alpha of the millesimal ratio is continuously increased, the change of the value of the alpha of the millesimal ratio of the C element in the pollutant relative to the initial value alpha' of the alpha of the millesimal ratio of the C element before the degradation of the pollutant is detected, and the current residual concentration C of the C element in the pollutant can be obtainedtAnd initial concentration C of element C0The ratio f, f is calculated by the following formula:
f＝e(α-α')/∈；
f＝Ct/C0；
wherein epsilon is the enrichment coefficient, the isotopic abundance ratio of different reaction or degradation paths, and the initial concentration C of C element0Measured by the laboratory.
Such that the isotopic abundance ratio for different periods is detected by the contaminant detection unitMeasuring the value, namely calculating the alpha value and the alpha' value in the contaminated soil sample, and further calculating the current residual concentration C of the C element of the contaminanttAnd initial concentration C of element C0If the initial concentration C is known0The residual concentration C of the contaminant can be further calculatedtThis residual concentration reflects the extent of remediation of the contaminated soil. The microbial import system can adjust the amount of microbial import based on the extent of remediation of the contaminant.
The pollutant detection unit can measure the isotope abundance ratio of different periods, and specifically, the abundance ratio of the stable isotope on the surface of the object which is in contact with the sample containing the target stable isotope can be two-dimensionally obtained according to each measurement range by using a secondary ion mass spectrometry.
As shown in fig. 4, which is a flow chart of the method for remediating contaminated soil using a microbial degradation technique according to the present invention, comprises the following steps:
periodically extracting soil samples, determining the isotope abundance ratio of the pollution elements in different periods by using a secondary ion mass spectrometry, and calculating the residual concentration of the pollution elements by using a stable isotope analysis method so as to control the input quantity of the microorganism input system.
The reaction between the microorganisms and the pollutants is diversified, and strains with high pollutant degradation efficiency under the condition of microbial growth need to be screened according to the types of pollutants in the polluted soil, so that the indigenous microorganisms in the soil and the exogenous microorganisms mutually promote and act together, and the remediation effect is enhanced.
The systematic method for remediating contaminated soil, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method embodiments may be implemented. . Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like.
The system and the method for restoring the polluted soil by utilizing the microbial degradation technology can remove most pollutants pertinently, have wide pollutant removal range, good removal effect, simple treatment difficulty and process flow, more convenient operation and greatly shortened soil restoration period, and the treated soil and water reach the standard.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A system for remediating contaminated soil using microbial degradation techniques, comprising: the system comprises a microorganism input system, a soil sample extraction system and an analysis control system;
the microorganism input system comprises a microorganism storage tank and a microorganism input pipeline; the microorganism input pipeline is used for conveying mixed liquid of microorganisms and nutrient solution into polluted soil, the upper layer of the microorganism storage tank is used for storing microorganism solution, and the lower layer of the microorganism storage tank is used for storing nutrient controlled release particles;
the soil sample extraction system is used for extracting, processing and storing soil samples;
the analysis control system is used for periodically detecting and analyzing the soil sample and controlling the input quantity of the microorganisms to the input system.
2. The system for remediating contaminated soil using a microbial degradation technique as set forth in claim 1, wherein the soil sample extraction system comprises a soil sample extraction pipe, a vacuum suction pump, a solid-liquid separation device, a liquid storage tank, and a solid storage tank; the soil sample extraction pipeline extends into the polluted soil depth for periodically extracting soil samples and sending the soil samples to the solid-liquid separation device for centrifugal treatment, sewage obtained through centrifugal treatment enters the liquid storage tank, and the soil samples after centrifugal treatment enter the solid storage tank after vibration filtration.
3. The system for remediating contaminated soil using a microbial degradation technique according to claim 2, wherein the analysis control system comprises a contaminant detection unit, a data input unit, an analysis controller, and a master controller; the pollutant detection unit is used for respectively detecting the types and the contents of pollutants in the extracted soil sample and the extracted sewage sample; the data input unit is used for inputting the detection result of the pollutant detection unit into the analysis controller, the analysis controller analyzes the restoration degree of the polluted soil based on the detection data input by the data input unit and adjusts the input amount of the microorganisms according to the restoration degree of the polluted soil, and the master controller is used for controlling the input amount of the microorganism input system.
4. The system for remediating contaminated soil using a microbial degradation technique as set forth in claim 3, wherein said analysis controller employs a stable isotope analysis method,
firstly, calculating the percentage alpha of the isotopic abundance ratio of elements in the pollutants according to the following formula:
α＝(TCQ/TQ-1)×1000；
in the formula, TCQIs the ratio of the abundance of isotopes of an element in the contaminant; t isQIs the ratio of the abundance of the isotope of the element in the standard substance;
secondly, the residual concentration C of said element in the contaminant is calculatedtAnd the initial value concentration C0The ratio f of the amounts of the components,
f＝e(α-α')/∈；
f＝Ct/C0；
wherein epsilon is an enrichment coefficient, and alpha' is an initial value of the element in a thousandth ratio before degradation.
5. The system for remediating contaminated soil using a microbial degradation technique as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controlled release nutrient particle comprises a control coating on an outer layer and a water soluble nutrient core encapsulated in the control coating on an inner layer.
6. The system for remediating contaminated soil using a microbial degradation technique as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial input pipe is formed of an elongated hollow tube having a plurality of release holes formed along a length thereof to allow the mixed liquid to be released outwardly in a direction substantially perpendicular to a central axis of the microbial input pipe.
7. The system for remediating contaminated soil using microbial degradation techniques as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper and lower microbial storage tanks are separated by a biofilm that allows free penetration of microbial solution and does not allow penetration of controlled release particles of nutrients.
8. The system for remediating contaminated soil using a microbial degradation technique as set forth in claim 2, wherein said soil sample extraction duct is comprised of an elongated hollow tube having a plurality of extraction grooves formed along a length thereof to allow soil samples to be extracted at different depths of the soil by driving of a vacuum suction pump.
9. A method for remediating contaminated soil using the system for remediating contaminated soil using microbial degradation technology as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: periodically extracting soil samples, determining the isotope abundance ratio of the pollution elements in different periods by using a secondary ion mass spectrometry, and calculating the residual concentration of the pollution elements by using a stable isotope analysis method so as to control the input quantity of the microorganism input system.
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