CN114028677B - Breathing machine air pressure adjusting and monitoring system and application thereof - Google Patents
Breathing machine air pressure adjusting and monitoring system and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
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- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0051—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes with alarm devices
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- A61M16/021—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes operated by electrical means
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- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
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- A61M2016/0027—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure pressure meter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
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- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Abstract
The invention provides a breathing machine air pressure adjusting and monitoring system and application thereof, comprising: the data acquisition end is used for acquiring the real-time pressure in the air pipe of the breathing machine and the real-time pressure difference at the two ends of the throttling element of the breathing machine and obtaining corresponding real-time flow; the data analysis end is used for obtaining a corresponding respiratory phase judgment result, an abnormality identification result and a respiratory analysis result based on the real-time pressure and the real-time flow; the air pressure adjusting end is used for adjusting the output air pressure of the breathing machine in real time based on the abnormal identification result and the breathing analysis result; the transmission alarm terminal is used for transmitting the abnormal identification result, the breathing analysis result and the adjusted output air pressure to the user terminal and carrying out corresponding alarm reminding; the automatic monitoring device is used for improving deviation and adjustment delay of output pressure, realizing a reminding function, a data display function, a breathing machine autonomous monitoring function and a patient breathing data monitoring function based on data integration, and improving the intellectualization of the breathing machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of regulation and monitoring, in particular to a breathing machine air pressure regulation and monitoring system and application thereof.
Background
At present, respiratory diseases are common and frequent diseases in modern times, have serious influence on the health of people and even lead to death of people. Wherein obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (Obstructive sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome, OSAHS) refers to excessive daytime sleep without obvious causes during the daytime, increased fatigue, reduced attention, listlessness, repeated arousals during night sleep, accompanied by heavy wheezing or severe choking, and the occurrence of 5 or more obstructive respiratory events or other series of sleep disturbance events during each hour of sleep as indicated by overnight polysomnography. In modern clinical medicine, a respirator is used as an effective means capable of replacing autonomous ventilation by manpower, is widely used for respiratory failure caused by various reasons, anesthesia respiratory management during major surgery, respiratory support treatment and emergency resuscitation, and occupies a very important position in the field of modern medicine. The breathing machine is a vital medical device which can prevent and treat respiratory failure, reduce complications, save and prolong the life of patients.
The breathing machine is easy to be interfered by the outside during working, so that deviation is generated between the output pressure and the set pressure, the output pressure of the breathing machine is regulated, the adjustment of the output pressure is delayed, the parameter integration display function is not realized, the theoretical experience dependence of a clinician is too high, the breathing condition of a patient cannot be monitored, the autonomous monitoring of the breathing machine cannot be realized, the family members cannot be reminded when the breathing machine or the patient breathes abnormally, and the emergency time is delayed.
Therefore, the invention provides a breathing machine air pressure adjusting and monitoring system and application thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a breathing machine air pressure regulation monitoring system and application thereof, which are used for improving deviation and regulation delay of output pressure of a traditional breathing machine, avoiding deterioration of a patient caused by untimely emergency measures when the breathing machine is in fault or the breathing of the patient is abnormal, and reminding by arranging a transmission alarm terminal.
The invention provides a breathing machine air pressure adjusting and monitoring system, which comprises:
the data acquisition end is used for acquiring the real-time pressure in the air pipe of the breathing machine, and simultaneously acquiring the real-time pressure difference at the two ends of the throttling element of the breathing machine, and acquiring the corresponding real-time flow based on the real-time pressure and the real-time pressure difference;
the data analysis end is used for obtaining a corresponding respiratory phase judgment result based on the real-time pressure and the real-time flow, and obtaining an abnormal recognition result and a respiratory analysis result;
the air pressure adjusting end is used for adjusting the output air pressure of the breathing machine in real time based on the abnormal identification result and the breathing analysis result;
and the transmission alarm end is used for transmitting the abnormal identification result, the breathing analysis result and the adjusted output air pressure to the user end and carrying out corresponding alarm reminding.
Preferably, the ventilator includes: fan, throttling element, differential pressure sensor, heating humidifier, mask and air pipe.
Preferably, the data acquisition end includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the real-time pressure in the air pipe based on the pressure sensor and acquiring the real-time pressure difference at two ends of the throttling element based on the pressure difference sensor;
and the calculation module is used for calculating the real-time flow in the air pipe based on the real-time pressure difference.
Preferably, the data analysis end includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a current working mode from a main control end of the breathing machine, and the current working mode comprises: a continuous single-level output mode, an automatic continuous single-level output mode, and a double-level output mode;
the first calling module is configured to, when the current working mode is the continuous single-level output mode or the automatic continuous single-level output mode, call a corresponding inspiratory phase threshold and an expiratory phase threshold based on the current working mode, where the inspiratory phase threshold includes: an inspiratory phase pressure threshold and an inspiratory phase flow threshold, the expiratory phase threshold comprising: an expiratory phase pressure threshold and an expiratory phase flow threshold;
The first judging module is used for judging the breathing phase and the inspiration phase in a preset period as a breathing phase judging result based on the inspiration phase threshold and the expiration phase threshold when the current working mode is the continuous single-level output mode or the automatic continuous single-level output mode;
the second judging module is used for judging that the breathing phase and the inspiration phase in the preset period are used as breathing phase judging results based on a pressure curve corresponding to the real-time pressure in the preset period and a flow curve corresponding to the real-time flow when the current working mode is the double-level output mode;
the abnormality recognition module is used for judging whether the breathing machine fails or not to serve as a first abnormality recognition result based on the real-time pressure, the real-time flow and the breathing phase judgment result, and judging whether the patient has an apnea or not to serve as a second abnormality recognition result;
and the breath analysis module is used for obtaining a breath analysis result based on the real-time pressure, the real-time flow and the breath phase judgment result.
Wherein the anomaly identification result includes: the first abnormal recognition result and the second abnormal recognition result.
Preferably, the air pressure adjusting end includes:
the dividing module is used for dividing the pressure curve into a plurality of first sub-line segments based on the respiratory phase judging result, dividing the flow curve into a plurality of second sub-line segments, and enabling the first sub-line segments and the second sub-line segments to correspond one to one;
the second calling module is used for calling a pressure threshold value and a flow threshold value of the corresponding sub-line segment based on the current working mode;
the deviation calculation module is used for calculating the average pressure corresponding to the first sub-line segment, calculating the average flow corresponding to the second sub-line segment, calculating the first deviation value of the average pressure and the pressure threshold, calculating the second deviation value of the average flow and the flow threshold, obtaining a corresponding third deviation value based on the second deviation value and the functional relation between the flow and the pressure difference, calculating the first rotation speed adjustment value based on the first deviation value and the first calculation weight and the functional relation between the pressure and the rotation speed, calculating the second rotation speed adjustment value based on the third deviation value and the second calculation weight and the functional relation between the pressure difference and the rotation speed, and calculating the rotation speed adjustment value based on the first rotation speed adjustment value and the second rotation speed adjustment value;
And the control module is used for controlling the fan to adjust the rotating speed based on the rotating speed adjusting value.
Preferably, the second judging module includes:
the first fitting unit is used for fitting the real-time pressure in a preset period to a corresponding pressure curve when the current working mode is the double-level output mode, and fitting a corresponding duty cycle waveform according to the real-time pressure in the preset period based on pulse width modulation;
the second fitting unit is used for fitting out a corresponding flow curve and a flow change rate waveform based on real-time flow in a preset period when the current working mode is the double-level output mode;
an alignment unit, configured to align the pressure curve, the duty cycle waveform, the flow curve, and the flow rate change rate waveform to obtain an alignment graph;
a screening unit, configured to screen out the alignment graph while satisfying: the time period of the real-time pressure drop, the duty ratio increase, the real-time flow increase and the flow change rate greater than zero is used as the suction phase, and meanwhile, the alignment graph is screened to simultaneously satisfy the following conditions: the time period of the real-time pressure rise, the duty ratio reduction, the real-time flow rate reduction and the flow rate change rate less than zero is taken as the breathing phase.
Preferably, the abnormality identification module includes:
a first judging unit for judging whether abnormal time periods except the inhalation phase and the exhalation phase exist in a preset period, if yes, judging whether the flow change rate waveform section corresponding to the abnormal time period is constant to zero and the corresponding pressure curve section is a constant function,
if yes, judging that the patient has the apnea as the second abnormal recognition result, taking the corresponding respiratory phase as an apnea time period,
otherwise, whether the flow change rate waveform segment corresponding to the abnormal time segment is constant to zero or not and the corresponding real-time pressure is constant to be smaller than the maximum real-time pressure corresponding to the previous adjacent breath,
if so, judging that the ventilator has an air leakage fault as the first abnormal identification result, taking the corresponding abnormal time period as the air leakage fault time period,
otherwise, judging that the breathing machine has data acquisition faults as the first abnormal recognition result, and taking the corresponding abnormal time period as the data acquisition fault time period;
the first judging unit is further used for judging whether the duration time of each respiratory phase exceeds an apnea judging threshold value, if yes, judging that the patient has apnea as the second abnormal recognition result, and taking the corresponding respiratory phase as an apnea time period;
And the second judging unit is used for taking the failure-free breathing machine as the first abnormal recognition result and taking the failure-free breathing data as the second abnormal recognition result when the abnormal time period does not exist in the preset period and the duration time of each breathing phase does not exceed an apnea judging threshold value.
Preferably, the breath analysis module comprises:
a first calculation unit, configured to obtain a corresponding flow function based on a flow curve corresponding to each breath, and calculate a tidal volume corresponding to each breath based on a duration corresponding to each breath and the flow function;
the second calculation unit is used for counting the total number of the breathing processes in a preset period and calculating the real-time breathing frequency based on the total number of the breathing processes;
the third calculation unit is used for calculating the real-time inhalation-exhalation ratio based on the exhalation corresponding time length and the inhalation corresponding time length in the last respiration process;
a fourth calculation unit for calculating a corresponding minute ventilation based on the tidal volume and the real-time respiratory rate;
and the output unit is used for taking the tidal volume, the real-time respiratory frequency, the real-time respiratory ratio and the minute ventilation as respiratory analysis results.
Preferably, the transmission alarm terminal includes:
the transmission display module is used for transmitting the abnormal identification result, the breathing analysis result and the adjusted output air pressure to a user side and displaying the abnormal identification result, the breathing analysis result and the adjusted output air pressure;
the first alarm module is used for sending a corresponding first alarm instruction based on the apnea time period when the second abnormal identification result indicates that the patient has apnea, and keeping the current working state if not;
the second alarm module is used for sending a corresponding second alarm instruction based on the air leakage fault time period when the first abnormal identification result is that the air leakage fault occurs in the breathing machine, sending a corresponding third alarm instruction based on the data acquisition fault time period when the first abnormal identification result is that the data acquisition fault occurs in the breathing machine, and otherwise, keeping the current working state;
a third alarm module for analyzing the breath analysis result to obtain tidal volume, real-time respiratory rate and minute ventilation, and judging whether the tidal volume, the real-time respiratory rate and the minute ventilation meet the requirements,
if not, sending a corresponding fourth alarm instruction to the user terminal,
Otherwise, the current working state is maintained.
Preferably, an application method based on the ventilator air pressure adjustment monitoring system comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting real-time pressure in a gas pipe of the breathing machine, and meanwhile, collecting real-time pressure difference at two ends of a throttling element of the breathing machine, and obtaining corresponding real-time flow based on the real-time pressure and the real-time pressure difference;
step 2: based on the real-time pressure and the real-time flow, a corresponding respiratory phase judgment result is obtained, and an abnormal recognition result and a respiratory analysis result are obtained;
step 3: adjusting the output air pressure of the breathing machine based on the abnormality identification result and the breathing analysis result;
step 4: and transmitting the abnormal identification result, the respiration analysis result and the regulated output air pressure to a user side, and carrying out corresponding alarm reminding.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a ventilator pressure regulation monitoring system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a ventilator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition end according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a data analysis end according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an air pressure adjusting end according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second judging module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a pressure curve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a duty cycle waveform according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a flow curve and a flow rate curve and a respiratory phase determination according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of pressure flow rate variation in a continuous single level output mode and an automatic continuous single level output mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a bi-level pressure flow rate variation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an anomaly identification module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a breath analysis module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a transmission alarm terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a ventilator system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1:
the present invention provides a ventilator air pressure regulation monitoring system, referring to fig. 1 and 2, comprising:
the data acquisition end is used for acquiring the real-time pressure in the air pipe of the breathing machine, and simultaneously acquiring the real-time pressure difference at the two ends of the throttling element of the breathing machine, and acquiring the corresponding real-time flow based on the real-time pressure and the real-time pressure difference;
the data analysis end is used for obtaining a corresponding respiratory phase judgment result based on the real-time pressure and the real-time flow, and obtaining an abnormal recognition result and a respiratory analysis result;
the air pressure adjusting end is used for adjusting the output air pressure of the breathing machine in real time based on the abnormal identification result and the breathing analysis result;
And the transmission alarm end is used for transmitting the abnormal identification result, the breathing analysis result and the adjusted output air pressure to the user end and carrying out corresponding alarm reminding.
In this embodiment, the breathing machine records and stores the breathing data in text form through the SD card and the data monitoring terminal.
In this embodiment, the ventilator air pressure adjusting and monitoring system of the present invention is used in home as a main application range.
In this embodiment, the respiratory phase determination result is: judging a time period corresponding to an expiration process and a time period corresponding to an inspiration process in a preset period.
In this embodiment, the abnormality recognition result includes: and identifying whether the breathing machine has an air leakage fault or not and whether the patient has an apnea or not based on the real-time pressure, the real-time flow and the breathing phase judgment result.
In this embodiment, the breath analysis result is the breath data related to the patient obtained based on the real-time pressure, the real-time flow and the breath phase judgment result, for example, there are: tidal volume, real-time respiratory rate, minute flow.
In the embodiment, the user side is a mobile phone side or a PC side of a caretaker or a family, communication between the breathing machine and the upper computer is realized through serial communication, or network communication between the upper computer and the breathing machine is realized through network communication, the breathing waveform of a patient is uploaded to a corresponding website through the Ethernet driving chip which can be connected with an external network, and meanwhile, a doctor can log in the website at any time to know the condition of the patient in time, so that information management is facilitated.
In this embodiment, the output air pressure is the actual output air pressure of the breathing machine for assisting the patient to breathe.
The beneficial effects of the technology are as follows: the real-time flow is obtained through collecting the obtained real-time pressure in the trachea and the real-time pressure difference at two ends of the throttling element, the breathing data are recorded, so that the patient and the medical care workers can know the breathing condition and the treatment effect in time, the autonomous monitoring of the breathing condition of the patient and the autonomous monitoring of the breathing machine can be realized based on the obtained data, the deviation and the adjustment delay of the output pressure of the traditional breathing machine are improved, the transmission alarm end is arranged for reminding, the situation that the patient is deteriorated due to the fact that emergency measures are not timely taken when the breathing machine is faulty or the breathing of the patient is abnormal is avoided, meanwhile, the obtained data are further calculated, integrated and transmitted to the user end, the breathing data of the patient are more intuitively and conveniently displayed to the caretaker or family members, the dependence of doctors is reduced, and the intellectualization of the monitoring system of the breathing machine is improved.
Example 2:
on the basis of embodiment 1, the ventilator, referring to fig. 2, includes: fan, throttling element, differential pressure sensor, heating humidifier, mask and air pipe.
The beneficial effects of the technology are as follows: by arranging the pressure sensor in the air pipe of the breathing machine and arranging the differential pressure sensors at the two ends of the throttling element, the real-time pressure and the real-time differential pressure are acquired and obtained, a data basis is provided for further obtaining real-time flow, and a data basis is also provided for the autonomous monitoring of the subsequent breathing machine, the monitoring of the breathing data of the patient, the detection alarm function and the data display function.
Example 3:
on the basis of embodiment 2, the data acquisition end, referring to fig. 3, includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the real-time pressure in the air pipe based on the pressure sensor and acquiring the real-time pressure difference at two ends of the throttling element based on the pressure difference sensor;
and the calculation module is used for calculating the real-time flow in the air pipe based on the real-time pressure difference.
In this embodiment, calculating the real-time flow rate in the trachea based on the real-time differential pressure includes:
wherein Q is the real-time flow, deltaP is the real-time differential pressure, C 1 C is the relation coefficient of the real-time flow and the real-time pressure difference 2 Adjusting constant for real-time flow and real-time pressure difference, C 1 、C 2 Is obtained by fitting a delta P-Q experimental curve according to a breathing machine;
for example, ΔP is 100, C 1 0.1, C 2 If 1, Q is 2.
The beneficial effects of the technology are as follows: the real-time flow in the breathing machine is calculated through the acquired real-time pressure difference, and the acquired real-time pressure is added to provide a data basis for the automatic monitoring of the subsequent breathing machine, the monitoring of the breathing data of the patient, the detection alarm function and the data display function.
Example 4:
on the basis of embodiment 3, the data analysis end, referring to fig. 4, includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a current working mode from a main control end of the breathing machine, and the current working mode comprises: a continuous single-level output mode, an automatic continuous single-level output mode, and a double-level output mode;
the first calling module is configured to, when the current working mode is the continuous single-level output mode or the automatic continuous single-level output mode, call a corresponding inspiratory phase threshold and an expiratory phase threshold based on the current working mode, where the inspiratory phase threshold includes: an inspiratory phase pressure threshold and an inspiratory phase flow threshold, the expiratory phase threshold comprising: an expiratory phase pressure threshold and an expiratory phase flow threshold;
the first judging module is used for judging the breathing phase and the inspiration phase in a preset period as a breathing phase judging result based on the inspiration phase threshold and the expiration phase threshold when the current working mode is the continuous single-level output mode or the automatic continuous single-level output mode;
The second judging module is used for judging that the breathing phase and the inspiration phase in the preset period are used as breathing phase judging results based on a pressure curve corresponding to the real-time pressure in the preset period and a flow curve corresponding to the real-time flow when the current working mode is the double-level output mode;
the abnormality recognition module is used for judging whether the breathing machine fails or not to serve as a first abnormality recognition result based on the real-time pressure, the real-time flow and the breathing phase judgment result, and judging whether the patient has an apnea or not to serve as a second abnormality recognition result;
and the breath analysis module is used for obtaining a breath analysis result based on the real-time pressure, the real-time flow and the breath phase judgment result.
Wherein the anomaly identification result includes: the first abnormal recognition result and the second abnormal recognition result.
In this embodiment, the current operation mode is the current operation mode of the ventilator, and is controlled by the operation mode adjusting knob provided on the ventilator.
In this embodiment, continuous single level output mode (CPAP) is that the pressure in the airway is maintained above atmospheric pressure throughout the breathing cycle (inspiratory phase, expiratory phase) under spontaneous breathing conditions, and triggers are used to effect the transition between inspiration and expiration. CPAP mode can only be used to breathe the central normal, have patient of spontaneous breathing, accessible doctor sets up pressure support level and trigger sensitivity, when spontaneous breathing pressure reached the trigger sensitivity, according to the pressure level of setting up, gives once synchronous ventilation, and the airway pressure reaches the setting level, will remain unchanged, when the flow reaches 15% peak flow, and the inspiration phase ends, and expiration phase begins, makes the airway pressure when exhaling to set up the level value through PI control.
In this embodiment, the automatic continuous single level output mode (APAP) is that the pressure will change with the obstruction degree of the patient's airway, i.e. the obstruction degree is smaller, the pressure is smaller, and when the obstruction degree is more serious, the ventilator will automatically increase the pressure, so as to ensure the airway to be unobstructed. Thus, the APAP mode may be superior to the CPAP mode in terms of comfort. However, in the case where there is no problem in the pressure setting, the actual therapeutic effect is not so different.
In this embodiment, the bi-level output mode (BIPAP) provides two different positive pressures for the inspiratory phase and the expiratory phase, respectively, and during inspiration, the rotational speed of the blower is accelerated to increase the ventilator output pressure from the expiratory pressure (EPAP) to the inspiratory pressure (IPAP); during expiration, the rotating speed of the fan is accelerated and reduced, so that the output pressure of the breathing machine is rapidly reduced from IPAP to EPAP. Thus, by adjusting the rotational speed of the blower in an accelerated manner, the ventilator output pressure can be quickly increased from EPAP to IPAP or quickly decreased from IPAP to EPAP within a preset time. The preset time can be set in a range of 0.1S-2S according to the requirements of the user, so that the user breathes more smoothly, and the use comfort of the user is improved.
In this embodiment, the inspiratory phase threshold is: an inspiratory phase pressure threshold (LTP) and an inspiratory phase flow threshold (HTF).
In this embodiment, the expiratory phase threshold is: an expiratory phase pressure threshold (HTP) and an expiratory phase flow threshold (HTP).
In this embodiment, the inspiratory phase pressure threshold (LTP) is the maximum pressure value corresponding to inspiration.
In this embodiment, the inspiratory phase flow threshold (HTF) is the minimum flow value corresponding to inspiration.
In this embodiment, the expiratory phase pressure threshold (HTP) is the minimum pressure value corresponding to expiration.
In this embodiment, the expiratory phase flow threshold (LTF) is the maximum flow value corresponding to expiration.
In this embodiment, the judging of the respiratory phase and the inspiratory phase in the preset period as the respiratory phase judgment result based on the inspiratory phase threshold and the expiratory phase threshold includes:
when the real-time pressure is smaller than an inspiratory phase pressure threshold (LTP) and the real-time flow is larger than an inspiratory phase flow threshold (HTF), determining to enter an inspiratory phase;
when the real-time pressure is greater than an expiratory phase pressure threshold (HTP) and the real-time flow is less than an expiratory phase flow threshold (LTF), then an entry into the expiratory phase is determined.
In this embodiment, the breathing phase and the inspiration phase in the preset period are determined as the breathing phase determination result based on the real-time pressure and the real-time flow in the preset period.
In this embodiment, if the pressure or flow cannot meet the requirement that the real-time pressure be less than the inspiratory phase pressure threshold (LTP) and the real-time flow be greater than the inspiratory phase flow threshold (HTF) or the real-time pressure be greater than the expiratory phase pressure threshold (HTP) and the real-time flow be less than the expiratory phase flow threshold (LTF), then the respiratory phase may be considered to remain unchanged from the previous state; an apneic condition is considered when the pressure and flow values are in a steady state for a prolonged period of time such that the inspiratory phase is too long.
In this embodiment, the pressure curve is a curve obtained based on real-time pressure fitting.
In this embodiment, the flow curve is a curve obtained based on real-time flow fitting.
The beneficial effects of the technology are as follows: the respiratory phase is judged by adopting a flow pressure threshold method, a respiratory phase judgment result is obtained, and the respiratory phase judgment result under a double-level output mode is obtained based on a flow curve and a pressure curve, so that airway pressures with different levels are output at different respiratory phase moments, and a data basis is provided for the subsequent spontaneous monitoring of the breathing machine and the judgment process of whether the breathing of a patient is abnormal or not.
Example 5:
on the basis of embodiment 4, the air pressure adjusting end, referring to fig. 5, includes:
the dividing module is used for dividing the pressure curve into a plurality of first sub-line segments based on the respiratory phase judging result, dividing the flow curve into a plurality of second sub-line segments, and enabling the first sub-line segments and the second sub-line segments to correspond one to one;
the second calling module is used for calling a pressure threshold value and a flow threshold value of the corresponding sub-line segment based on the current working mode;
the deviation calculation module is used for calculating the average pressure corresponding to the first sub-line segment, calculating the average flow corresponding to the second sub-line segment, calculating the first deviation value of the average pressure and the pressure threshold, calculating the second deviation value of the average flow and the flow threshold, obtaining a corresponding third deviation value based on the second deviation value and the functional relation between the flow and the pressure difference, calculating the first rotation speed adjustment value based on the first deviation value and the first calculation weight and the functional relation between the pressure and the rotation speed, calculating the second rotation speed adjustment value based on the third deviation value and the second calculation weight and the functional relation between the pressure difference and the rotation speed, and calculating the rotation speed adjustment value based on the first rotation speed adjustment value and the second rotation speed adjustment value;
And the control module is used for controlling the fan to adjust the rotating speed based on the rotating speed adjusting value.
In this embodiment, the first sub-line segment is an expiratory phase pressure curve segment or an inspiratory phase pressure curve segment.
In this embodiment, the second sub-line segment is an expiratory phase flow curve segment or an inspiratory phase flow curve segment.
In this embodiment, the pressure threshold and the flow threshold of the sub-line segment are: and if the corresponding sub-line segment is the inspiration phase, the inspiration phase threshold is called, and if the corresponding sub-line segment is the expiration phase, the expiration phase threshold is called.
In this embodiment, the average pressure is a real-time pressure average value corresponding to the first sub-line segment.
In this embodiment, the average flow is the real-time flow average value corresponding to the second sub-line segment.
In this embodiment, the first deviation value is the absolute value of the difference between the average pressure and the pressure threshold.
In this embodiment, the second deviation value is the absolute value of the difference between the average flow rate and the flow rate threshold.
In this embodiment, the third deviation value is a deviation value obtained based on the second deviation value and a functional relationship between the flow rate and the differential pressure.
In this embodiment, the functional relationship between the flow and the pressure difference is:
Wherein Q is the real-time flow, deltaP is the real-time differential pressure, C 1 C is the relation coefficient of the real-time flow and the real-time pressure difference 2 Adjusting constant for real-time flow and real-time pressure difference, C 1 、C 2 Is obtained by fitting a delta P-Q experimental curve according to a breathing machine;
for example, ΔP is 100, C 1 0.1, C 2 If 1, Q is 2.
In this embodiment, the third deviation value is a value obtained based on the second deviation value and the functional relationship between the flow rate and the pressure difference.
In this embodiment, calculating the first rotation speed adjustment value based on the first deviation value and the first calculation weight and the functional relation between the pressure and the rotation speed, and calculating the second rotation speed adjustment value based on the third deviation value and the second calculation weight and the functional relation between the differential pressure and the rotation speed, and calculating the rotation speed adjustment value based on the first rotation speed adjustment value and the second rotation speed adjustment value includes:
F(S 1 )＝C 3 S 1 +C 4
H(S 2 )＝C 5 S 2 +C 6
wherein DeltaV is a rotation speed adjustment value, F (S 1 ) As a function of pressure and rotational speed, C 3 C is the relation coefficient between pressure and rotating speed 3 The unit of (C) is r/(min.Pa) 4 For adjusting constant of pressure and rotation speed, C 4 Is expressed in r/min, C 5 C is the relation coefficient of pressure difference and rotating speed 5 The unit of (C) is r/(min.Pa) 6 Constant for differential pressure and rotational speed adjustment, C 6 Is expressed in r/min, S 1 A first deviation value alpha of average pressure and pressure threshold value 1 For the first calculation weight, H (S 2 ) As a function of differential pressure and rotational speed, S 2 For a third deviation value, alpha, based on the second deviation value and the functional relationship of flow and pressure difference 2 For the second calculation weight, t 1 To correspond to the expiration phase duration, t 2 For the duration of the corresponding inspiratory phase, T is a preset period;
for example, S 1 Is 10, alpha 1 0.1, S 2 Is 10, alpha 2 0.1, C 3 Is 1, C 4 Is 0, C 5 Is 1, C 6 Is 0, t 1 Is 0.5, t 2 0.5, T is 10, then DeltaV is 0.2.
In this embodiment, the functional relationship F (S 1 ) Shows the functional relationship between the rotational speed and the pressure, and the functional relationship H (S) 2 ) The functional relationship between the rotation speed and the pressure difference is expressed and is obtained through experimental calibration and Matlab polynomial fitting.
The beneficial effects of the technology are as follows: the method is used for obtaining a rotating speed adjusting value corresponding to each breath based on the corresponding real-time pressure and real-time flow of each breath and the corresponding flow threshold and pressure threshold, adjusting the speed of the fan based on the rotating speed adjusting value, solving the problem of low current pressure control precision, realizing accurate pressure control of a single-level breathing machine and a double-level breathing machine, enabling the airway pressure of the breathing machine to be automatically adjusted through a related pressure control strategy so as to eliminate error fluctuation as much as possible, and improving the precision of pressure control of the breathing machine.
Example 6:
on the basis of embodiment 4, the second judging module, referring to fig. 6 to 11, includes:
a first fitting unit, configured to fit a corresponding pressure curve to the real-time pressure in a preset period (refer to fig. 7) when the current working mode is the dual-level output mode, and simultaneously fit a corresponding duty cycle waveform according to the real-time pressure in the preset period based on pulse width modulation (refer to fig. 8);
the second fitting unit is used for fitting a corresponding flow curve (refer to fig. 9) and a flow change rate waveform (refer to fig. 9) based on the real-time flow in a preset period when the current working mode is the double-level output mode;
an alignment unit, configured to align the pressure curve, the duty cycle waveform, the flow curve, and the flow rate change rate waveform to obtain an alignment graph;
a screening unit, configured to screen out the alignment graph while satisfying: the time period of the real-time pressure drop, the duty ratio increase, the real-time flow increase and the flow change rate greater than zero is used as the suction phase, and meanwhile, the alignment graph is screened to simultaneously satisfy the following conditions: the time period of the real-time pressure rise, the duty ratio reduction, the real-time flow rate reduction and the flow rate change rate less than zero is taken as the breathing phase.
In this embodiment, the pressure curve is a curve obtained by real-time pressure fitting within a preset period.
In this embodiment, the duty cycle waveform is a change curve of the real-time pressure PWM control duty cycle.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 7 and 8, when the pressure given input is a stepped input, the pressure is slowly increased during the simulated respiration, fig. 7 is a pressure change condition, it can be seen that the actual pressure can follow the given pressure, and can be stabilized around the given pressure under the disturbance of respiration, fig. 8 is a change of the PWM control duty ratio, it can be seen that as the pressure increases, the PWM control duty ratio increases with the opposite trend of the pressure change, when the pressure decreases, the PWM control duty ratio increases to compensate for the pressure change, and when the pressure increases, the PWM control duty ratio decreases to compensate for the pressure change.
In this embodiment, the alignment graph is obtained after the pressure curve, the duty cycle waveform, the flow curve, and the flow rate change waveform are aligned.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 9, the flow data is the data after passing through the band-pass filter, in order to realize the judgment of the respiratory phase, according to the flow data, the flow rises when inhaling, the change rate is greater than zero, the flow falls when exhaling, and the change rate is less than zero, so that the respiratory phase can be judged as the triggering signal of the expiratory pressure and the inspiratory pressure of the bi-level respirator according to the change of the change rate of the flow, x (k) is the flow rate, f (k) is the current flow data, f (k-1) is the last flow data, Δt is the sampling time interval, and y (k) is obtained by zero crossing calculation according to the flow rate, if x (k) is greater than zero, y (k) is 1, and when x (k) is less than zero, y (k) =0. The expiration time (i.e., the expiration phase) is obtained from the duration when y (k) is 1, and the inspiration time (i.e., the inspiration phase) is obtained from the duration when y (k) is 0.
The beneficial effects of the technology are as follows: corresponding expiration time and inspiration time are judged based on a pressure curve, a duty cycle waveform, a flow curve and a flow change rate curve in a double-level output mode, so that switching between inspiration and expiration processes is automatically identified according to respiratory conditions, airway pressures of different levels are output at different respiratory phase moments, and the problem of low respiratory phase judgment precision is solved.
Example 7:
on the basis of embodiment 6, the abnormality recognition module, referring to fig. 12, includes:
a first judging unit for judging whether abnormal time periods except the inhalation phase and the exhalation phase exist in a preset period, if yes, judging whether the flow change rate waveform section corresponding to the abnormal time period is constant to zero and the corresponding pressure curve section is a constant function,
If yes, judging that the patient has the apnea as the second abnormal recognition result, taking the corresponding respiratory phase as an apnea time period,
otherwise, whether the flow change rate waveform segment corresponding to the abnormal time segment is constant to zero or not and the corresponding real-time pressure is constant to be smaller than the maximum real-time pressure corresponding to the previous adjacent breath,
if so, judging that the ventilator has an air leakage fault as the first abnormal identification result, taking the corresponding abnormal time period as the air leakage fault time period,
otherwise, judging that the breathing machine has data acquisition faults as the first abnormal recognition result, and taking the corresponding abnormal time period as the data acquisition fault time period;
the first judging unit is further used for judging whether the duration time of each respiratory phase exceeds an apnea judging threshold value, if yes, judging that the patient has apnea as the second abnormal recognition result, and taking the corresponding respiratory phase as an apnea time period;
and the second judging unit is used for taking the failure-free breathing machine as the first abnormal recognition result and taking the failure-free breathing data as the second abnormal recognition result when the abnormal time period does not exist in the preset period and the duration time of each breathing phase does not exceed an apnea judging threshold value.
In this embodiment, the abnormal period is a period other than the inhalation phase and the exhalation phase.
In this embodiment, the apnea time period is an abnormal time period that satisfies that the corresponding flow rate waveform segment is constant to zero and the corresponding pressure curve segment is a constant function.
In this embodiment, the air leakage fault period is an abnormal period that satisfies whether the corresponding flow rate change waveform period is constantly zero and the corresponding real-time pressure is constantly smaller than the maximum real-time pressure corresponding to the previous adjacent breath.
In this embodiment, the data collection failure period is an abnormal period that is determined to be neither an apnea period nor a leakage failure period among the abnormal periods.
In this embodiment, the apnea threshold is the longest duration of the normal breathing phase or the shortest duration of the apnea.
In this embodiment, the apnea period is an respiratory phase whose duration exceeds an apnea judgment threshold.
The beneficial effects of the technology are as follows: by comparing the duration of the respiratory phase with an apnea judging threshold value and identifying and judging the related data curve of the real-time pressure and the real-time flow in an abnormal time period, whether the breathing machine fails or not and whether the breathing data of the patient is abnormal or not can be identified, and the autonomous monitoring function of the breathing machine and the monitoring function of the breathing data of the patient are realized.
Example 8:
on the basis of embodiment 4, the breath analysis module, referring to fig. 13, includes:
a first calculation unit, configured to obtain a corresponding flow function based on a flow curve corresponding to each breath, and calculate a tidal volume corresponding to each breath based on a duration corresponding to each breath and the flow function;
the second calculation unit is used for counting the total number of the breathing processes in a preset period and calculating the real-time breathing frequency based on the total number of the breathing processes;
the third calculation unit is used for calculating the real-time inhalation-exhalation ratio based on the exhalation corresponding time length and the inhalation corresponding time length in the last respiration process;
a fourth calculation unit for calculating a corresponding minute ventilation based on the tidal volume and the real-time respiratory rate;
and the output unit is used for taking the tidal volume, the real-time respiratory frequency, the real-time respiratory ratio and the minute ventilation as respiratory analysis results.
In this embodiment, the flow function is a function reflecting the real-time flow change.
In the embodiment, the tidal volume is the volume of each inhalation or exhalation under the calm state, the tidal volume is obtained by integrating the flow through sampling time intervals, the flow velocity of the gas in the gas pipeline can be obtained through a flow sensor, and the value of the tidal volume can be calculated indirectly by the product of the flow velocity of the gas in the gas pipeline, the diameter of the pipeline and the time of inhalation.
In this embodiment, calculating the tidal volume corresponding to each breath based on the duration and flow function corresponding to each breath is: the integral of the flow function for the duration corresponding to the breath is the corresponding tidal volume.
In this embodiment, the breathing process is one exhalation phase plus one inhalation phase.
In this embodiment, the calculation of the real-time respiratory rate based on the total number of respiratory processes is: f=tn, where f is the respiratory rate, n is the total number of respiratory processes, and T is the preset period.
In this embodiment, the real-time inhalation/exhalation ratio is the ratio of the corresponding inhalation duration to the corresponding exhalation duration in the last respiratory process.
In this example, minute ventilation is equal to tidal volume times respiratory rate.
The beneficial effects of the technology are as follows: based on the real-time pressure, the real-time flow and the respiratory phase judgment result, the tidal volume, the real-time respiratory frequency, the real-time respiratory ratio and the minute ventilation are obtained, the automatic integration function of respiratory data is realized, a user can intuitively monitor the respiratory condition of a patient without the theoretical instruction analysis of a doctor, and the respiratory condition of the patient is monitored more comprehensively and intuitively.
Example 9:
on the basis of embodiment 7, the transmission alarm terminal, referring to fig. 14, includes:
the transmission display module is used for transmitting the abnormal identification result, the breathing analysis result and the adjusted output air pressure to a user side and displaying the abnormal identification result, the breathing analysis result and the adjusted output air pressure;
the first alarm module is used for sending a corresponding first alarm instruction based on the apnea time period when the second abnormal identification result indicates that the patient has apnea, and keeping the current working state if not;
the second alarm module is used for sending a corresponding second alarm instruction based on the air leakage fault time period when the first abnormal identification result is that the air leakage fault occurs in the breathing machine, sending a corresponding third alarm instruction based on the data acquisition fault time period when the first abnormal identification result is that the data acquisition fault occurs in the breathing machine, and otherwise, keeping the current working state;
a third alarm module for analyzing the breath analysis result to obtain tidal volume, real-time respiratory rate and minute ventilation, and judging whether the tidal volume, the real-time respiratory rate and the minute ventilation meet the requirements,
If not, sending a corresponding fourth alarm instruction to the user terminal,
otherwise, the current working state is maintained.
In this embodiment, the first alarm instruction is an instruction for reminding the user that the patient has an apnea.
In this embodiment, the second alarm instruction is an instruction for reminding the user that the ventilator has an air leakage fault.
In this embodiment, the third alarm instruction is an instruction for reminding the user that the breathing machine has a data acquisition failure.
In this embodiment, determining whether the tidal volume, the real-time respiratory rate, and the minute ventilation meet a requirement includes: the breathing machine prescribes that the tidal volume TV is less than or equal to 1.5L, the minute ventilation volume F is less than or equal to 60L/min, so after calculating the tidal volume and the flow value, whether the tidal volume and the flow value exceed the limits or not is needed to be judged, if the tidal volume and the flow value exceed the limits, the former starts an alarm instruction of 'failing to transmit the set gas flow', the latter starts an alarm instruction of 'actual inhalation ratio is less than the set value', then the calculation is stopped, and the breathing machine is still controlled by using the original control quantity; whether the real-time respiratory rate is within a preset respiratory rate threshold value or not is also required to be judged, if so, the real-time respiratory rate meets the requirement, otherwise, the real-time respiratory rate does not meet the requirement; and judging whether the real-time suction-call ratio is within a preset suction-call ratio threshold (the real-time suction-call ratio is 1:E, the suction time is 1, and the E range is 1.5-2.5.), if yes, the real-time suction-call ratio meets the requirement, and if not, the real-time suction-call ratio does not meet the requirement.
In this embodiment, the fourth alarm instruction is an instruction for reminding that the corresponding breathing data (tidal volume, real-time breathing frequency, real-time inhalation/exhalation ratio, minute ventilation) does not meet the requirement.
The beneficial effects of the technology are as follows: the respiration analysis result and the abnormal recognition result are transmitted to the user side and displayed through the transmission display module, so that the respiration data can be remotely monitored to achieve optimal treatment, further fine judgment and comprehensive monitoring of the respiration data of a patient are achieved through further analysis and judgment of the respiration analysis result, and an alarm instruction is sent out based on the judgment result and the abnormal recognition result, so that the user is reminded by sending out the corresponding alarm instruction when the air leakage fault and the data acquisition fault of the respirator occur and the respiration data of the patient are abnormal, the first-aid time of the patient is prevented from being delayed or more serious life danger is brought, and better user experience is provided.
Example 10:
the application method of the ventilator air pressure adjustment monitoring system according to any one of embodiments 1 to 9 includes:
step 1: collecting real-time pressure in a gas pipe of the breathing machine, and meanwhile, collecting real-time pressure difference at two ends of a throttling element of the breathing machine, and obtaining corresponding real-time flow based on the real-time pressure and the real-time pressure difference;
Step 2: based on the real-time pressure and the real-time flow, a corresponding respiratory phase judgment result is obtained, and an abnormal recognition result and a respiratory analysis result are obtained;
step 3: adjusting the output air pressure of the breathing machine based on the abnormality identification result and the breathing analysis result;
step 4: and transmitting the abnormal identification result, the respiration analysis result and the regulated output air pressure to a user side, and carrying out corresponding alarm reminding.
The beneficial effects of the technology are as follows: the automatic monitoring of the breathing condition of the patient and the automatic monitoring of the breathing machine can be realized based on the acquired data by acquiring the real-time pressure in the trachea and the real-time pressure difference at the two ends of the throttling element, the deviation and the adjustment delay of the output pressure of the traditional breathing machine are improved, the situation of the patient is worsened due to the fact that emergency measures are not timely taken when the breathing machine is in failure or the breathing of the patient is abnormal by setting a transmission alarm end for reminding, meanwhile, the acquired data are further calculated and integrated and transmitted to a user end, the breathing data of the patient are more intuitively and conveniently displayed to a nurse or family, the dependence of doctors is reduced, and the intellectualization of a breathing machine monitoring system is improved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A ventilator air pressure regulation monitoring system, comprising:
the data acquisition end is used for acquiring the real-time pressure in the air pipe of the breathing machine, and simultaneously acquiring the real-time pressure difference at the two ends of the throttling element of the breathing machine, and acquiring the corresponding real-time flow based on the real-time pressure and the real-time pressure difference;
the data analysis end is used for obtaining a corresponding respiratory phase judgment result based on the real-time pressure and the real-time flow, and obtaining an abnormal recognition result and a respiratory analysis result;
the air pressure adjusting end is used for adjusting the output air pressure of the breathing machine in real time based on the abnormal identification result and the breathing analysis result;
the transmission alarm terminal is used for transmitting the abnormal identification result, the breathing analysis result and the adjusted output air pressure to the user terminal and carrying out corresponding alarm reminding;
the ventilator, comprising: the device comprises a fan, a throttling element, a differential pressure sensor, a heating humidifier, a mask and an air pipe;
The data acquisition end comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the real-time pressure in the air pipe based on the pressure sensor and acquiring the real-time pressure difference at two ends of the throttling element based on the pressure difference sensor;
a calculation module for calculating a real-time flow rate in the trachea based on the real-time differential pressure;
the data analysis end comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a current working mode from a main control end of the breathing machine, and the current working mode comprises: automatically continuing a single-level output mode and a double-level output mode;
the first calling module is used for calling a corresponding inspiration phase threshold value and expiration phase threshold value based on the current working mode when the current working mode is the automatic continuous single-level output mode, and the inspiration phase threshold value comprises: an inspiratory phase pressure threshold and an inspiratory phase flow threshold, the expiratory phase threshold comprising: an expiratory phase pressure threshold and an expiratory phase flow threshold;
the first judging module is used for judging the breathing phase and the inspiration phase in a preset period as a breathing phase judging result based on the inspiration phase threshold value and the expiration phase threshold value when the current working mode is the automatic continuous single-level output mode;
The second judging module is used for judging that the breathing phase and the inspiration phase in the preset period are used as breathing phase judging results based on a pressure curve corresponding to the real-time pressure in the preset period and a flow curve corresponding to the real-time flow when the current working mode is the double-level output mode;
the abnormality recognition module is used for judging whether the breathing machine fails or not to serve as a first abnormality recognition result based on the real-time pressure, the real-time flow and the breathing phase judgment result, and judging whether the patient has an apnea or not to serve as a second abnormality recognition result;
the breath analysis module is used for obtaining a breath analysis result based on the real-time pressure, the real-time flow and the breath phase judgment result;
wherein the anomaly identification result includes: a first abnormality recognition result and a second abnormality recognition result;
the air pressure regulating end includes:
the dividing module is used for dividing the pressure curve into a plurality of first sub-line segments based on the respiratory phase judging result, dividing the flow curve into a plurality of second sub-line segments, and enabling the first sub-line segments and the second sub-line segments to correspond one to one;
the second calling module is used for calling a pressure threshold value and a flow threshold value of the corresponding sub-line segment based on the current working mode;
The deviation calculation module is used for calculating the average pressure corresponding to the first sub-line segment, calculating the average flow corresponding to the second sub-line segment, calculating the first deviation value of the average pressure and the pressure threshold, calculating the second deviation value of the average flow and the flow threshold, obtaining a corresponding third deviation value based on the second deviation value and the functional relation between the flow and the pressure difference, calculating the first rotation speed adjustment value based on the first deviation value and the first calculation weight and the functional relation between the pressure and the rotation speed, calculating the second rotation speed adjustment value based on the third deviation value and the second calculation weight and the functional relation between the pressure difference and the rotation speed, and calculating the rotation speed adjustment value based on the first rotation speed adjustment value and the second rotation speed adjustment value;
and the control module is used for controlling the fan to adjust the rotating speed based on the rotating speed adjusting value.
2. The ventilator pressure regulation monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the second determination module comprises:
the first fitting unit is used for fitting the real-time pressure in a preset period to a corresponding pressure curve when the current working mode is the double-level output mode, and fitting a corresponding duty cycle waveform according to the real-time pressure in the preset period based on pulse width modulation;
The second fitting unit is used for fitting out a corresponding flow curve and a flow change rate waveform based on real-time flow in a preset period when the current working mode is the double-level output mode;
an alignment unit, configured to align the pressure curve, the duty cycle waveform, the flow curve, and the flow rate change rate waveform to obtain an alignment graph;
a screening unit, configured to screen out the alignment graph while satisfying: the time period of the real-time pressure drop, the duty ratio increase, the real-time flow increase and the flow change rate greater than zero is used as the suction phase, and meanwhile, the alignment graph is screened to simultaneously satisfy the following conditions: the time period of the real-time pressure rise, the duty ratio reduction, the real-time flow rate reduction and the flow rate change rate less than zero is taken as the breathing phase.
3. The ventilator pressure regulation monitoring system of claim 2, wherein the anomaly identification module comprises:
a first judging unit for judging whether abnormal time periods except the inhalation phase and the exhalation phase exist in a preset period, if yes, judging whether the flow change rate waveform section corresponding to the abnormal time period is constant to zero and the corresponding pressure curve section is a constant function,
If yes, judging that the patient has the apnea as the second abnormal recognition result, taking the corresponding respiratory phase as an apnea time period,
otherwise, whether the flow change rate waveform segment corresponding to the abnormal time segment is constant to zero or not and the corresponding real-time pressure is constant to be smaller than the maximum real-time pressure corresponding to the previous adjacent breath,
if so, judging that the ventilator has an air leakage fault as the first abnormal identification result, taking the corresponding abnormal time period as the air leakage fault time period,
otherwise, judging that the breathing machine has data acquisition faults as the first abnormal recognition result, and taking the corresponding abnormal time period as the data acquisition fault time period;
the first judging unit is further used for judging whether the duration time of each respiratory phase exceeds an apnea judging threshold value, if yes, judging that the patient has apnea as the second abnormal recognition result, and taking the corresponding respiratory phase as an apnea time period;
and the second judging unit is used for taking the failure of the breathing machine as the first abnormal recognition result and taking the patient's failure of the breathing machine as the second abnormal recognition result when the abnormal time period does not exist in the preset period and the duration time of each breathing phase does not exceed an apnea judging threshold value.
4. The ventilator pressure regulation monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the breath analysis module comprises:
a first calculation unit, configured to obtain a corresponding flow function based on a flow curve corresponding to each breath, and calculate a tidal volume corresponding to each breath based on a duration corresponding to each breath and the flow function;
the second calculation unit is used for counting the total number of the breathing processes in a preset period and calculating the real-time breathing frequency based on the total number of the breathing processes;
the third calculation unit is used for calculating the real-time inhalation-exhalation ratio based on the exhalation corresponding time length and the inhalation corresponding time length in the last respiration process;
a fourth calculation unit for calculating a corresponding minute ventilation based on the tidal volume and the real-time respiratory rate;
and the output unit is used for taking the tidal volume, the real-time respiratory frequency, the real-time respiratory ratio and the minute ventilation as respiratory analysis results.
5. A ventilator pressure regulation monitoring system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the transmission alert end comprises:
the transmission display module is used for transmitting the abnormal identification result, the breathing analysis result and the adjusted output air pressure to a user side and displaying the abnormal identification result, the breathing analysis result and the adjusted output air pressure;
The first alarm module is used for sending a corresponding first alarm instruction based on the apnea time period when the second abnormal identification result indicates that the patient has apnea, and keeping the current working state if not;
the second alarm module is used for sending a corresponding second alarm instruction based on the air leakage fault time period when the first abnormal identification result is that the air leakage fault occurs in the breathing machine, sending a corresponding third alarm instruction based on the data acquisition fault time period when the first abnormal identification result is that the data acquisition fault occurs in the breathing machine, and otherwise, keeping the current working state;
a third alarm module for analyzing the breath analysis result to obtain tidal volume, real-time respiratory rate and minute ventilation, and judging whether the tidal volume, the real-time respiratory rate and the minute ventilation meet the requirements,
if not, sending a corresponding fourth alarm instruction to the user terminal,
otherwise, the current working state is maintained.
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| CN114209940B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2024-01-02 | 江苏鱼跃医疗设备股份有限公司 | Breathing phase control method of breathing machine based on dynamic threshold |
| CN114681736B (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-10-18 | 广东省医疗器械质量监督检验所 | Respirator abnormality detection method and respirator |
| CN115282427A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-11-04 | 天津大学 | High-flow humidification oxygen therapy system based on RT-Thread system |
| CN116370760B (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2024-01-30 | 广州和普乐健康科技有限公司 | Single horizontal respirator control device and system |
| CN117159293B (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2024-01-26 | 首都医科大学宣武医院 | Breathing auxiliary system for prone ventilation gas position |
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