CN114028037A

CN114028037A - Combined femoral stem prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN114028037A
Application number: CN202111518530.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张志亮
Original assignee: Beijing Lidakang Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Lidakang Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-13
Filing date: 2021-12-13
Publication date: 2022-02-11

Abstract

The application relates to a femoral stem prosthesis, in particular to a combined femoral stem prosthesis, the technical scheme of which is as follows: the neck-shaped neck comprises a near-end body, a narrow part body and a far-end body which are sequentially arranged, wherein a neck part is arranged on one side of the near-end body, which is far away from the narrow part body, and a handle cone is formed on the neck part; the neck part, the near end body, the narrow part body and the far end body are detachably and fixedly connected; the method achieves the purposes of improving the applicability of the femoral stem prosthesis to different patients and reducing the early-stage design and processing cost of the femoral stem prosthesis.

Description

Combined femoral stem prosthesis

Technical Field

The present application relates to a femoral stem prosthesis, and more particularly, to a combined femoral stem prosthesis.

Background

The femoral stem prosthesis is a surgical implant for replacing the femoral part of the hip joint of a human body, is used in the replacement operation of the half hip of the hip joint, and is combined with a ball head and a total hip socket for use.

The femoral stem prosthesis recorded in the related art is generally in an integrated structure, and the femoral stem prosthesis with a corresponding size and shape needs to be customized or designed according to the body structure of a patient before an operation, so that the customized and serialized adaptability of the femoral stem prosthesis to different body structures of the patient is realized; however, the problem exists that because the femoral medullary cavity forms of patients have the characteristic of diversity, the customized and serialized femoral stem prosthesis causes the coverage of small groups of people for product use, and a single femoral stem prosthesis can only meet the use of patients with a certain femoral medullary cavity form, thereby increasing the early design and processing cost of the femoral stem prosthesis to a certain extent.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve femoral stem prosthesis to different patients 'suitability to reduce femoral stem prosthesis's earlier stage design and processing cost, the application provides a modular femoral stem prosthesis.

The application provides a modular femoral stem prosthesis adopts following technical scheme:

a combined femoral stem prosthesis comprises a near end body, a narrow part body and a far end body which are sequentially arranged, wherein a neck part is arranged on one side of the near end body, which is far away from the narrow part body, and a stem cone is formed on the neck part; the neck, the near end body, the narrow part body and the far end body are detachably and fixedly connected.

By adopting the technical scheme, the femoral stem prosthesis is divided into four mutually detachable parts, the neck part and the stem cone are used for installing the ball head and the full acetabulum, the proximal end body, the narrow part body or the distal end body with corresponding size and structure are selected according to the medullary cavity structure of a patient before an operation, and then the three parts are assembled to form the femoral stem prosthesis which is matched with the medullary cavity structure of the patient; compare and customize the processing according to patient's pulp cavity structure and size to whole femoral stem prosthesis before the art, this application has improved femoral stem prosthesis to different patients ' suitability to reduce femoral stem prosthesis's earlier stage design and processing cost.

Optionally, the last shaping of distal end body has the connecting rod that runs through narrow portion body and near-end body in proper order, and the terminal surface butt of distal end body is on the terminal surface of narrow portion body, and inside the connecting rod extended to the neck, the inside set screw of twisting on the connecting rod terminal surface that is provided with of neck.

By adopting the technical scheme, the far-end body and the neck part tend to be close to each other in the process of screwing the fixing screw, and the narrow part body and the near-end body are further pressed and fixed between the far-end body and the neck part.

Optionally, the surface of the neck portion close to the near-end body is provided with an insertion hole matched with the end of the connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod, which is away from the far-end body, has a taper, and the diameter of the tapered portion of the connecting rod is gradually reduced along the direction from the near end to the far-end body.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, form effective reliable taper fit between connecting rod and the neck portion, when the neck portion received the pressure of human skeleton or tissue, the cooperation between neck portion and the connecting rod is more reliable, and then has improved the assembly stability of whole femoral stem false body.

Optionally, an end of the distal body facing away from the throat body is tapered, and a diameter of the tapered portion of the distal body decreases in a direction from proximal to distal to the throat body.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the femoral stem prosthesis is inserted, the distal end body has the taper, so that the distal end body can enter the medullary cavity through the osteotomy surface more easily and can penetrate into the medullary cavity deeply.

Optionally, a plurality of deformation grooves for allowing the distal end body to deform in the direction close to the axis of the distal end body are formed in the peripheral wall of the distal end body, and the deformation grooves are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the distal end body.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the femoral stem prosthesis is inserted into the medullary cavity, the peripheral wall of the distal body is compressed to deform the peripheral wall of the distal body towards the direction close to the axis of the distal body, so that the distal body can conveniently enter the medullary cavity through the osteotomy surface.

Optionally, the throat body has a diameter that gradually increases in a direction from the distal body to the proximal body.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the narrow portion body corresponds the narrowest position in pulp cavity, and the narrow portion body has the tapering and then can carry out the adaptation with this position in pulp cavity better, and then improves the postoperative stability of false body.

Optionally, the handle cone inclines to one side of the proximal end body along a direction from being close to being far away from the proximal end body, a bionic protrusion is formed on one side of the proximal end body, and the bionic protrusion protrudes in a direction departing from the handle cone.

By adopting the technical scheme, the bionic bulge is matched with the shape of the cavity wall of the proximal femoral medullary cavity, and the stability of the whole prosthesis body can be improved by supporting the bionic bulge on the medullary cavity wall.

Optionally, the proximal end body comprises two first matching surfaces which are oppositely arranged, and the bionic bulge is formed on the first matching surface which is deviated from the handle cone; the distance between the two first mating surfaces becomes gradually larger along the direction from the approach to the far away from the throat body.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme for the both sides of near-end body better with have the inside shape looks adaptation of tapered pulp cavity, under the condition that femoral stem prosthesis receives human skeleton or tissue pressure, form pressure fit between first fitting surface and the pulp cavity wall, promoted the bone of first fitting surface and grown into the effect.

Optionally, the proximal body further comprises two oppositely arranged second matching surfaces, and the distance between the planes of the two second matching surfaces is gradually increased along the direction from the proximal direction to the direction away from the throat body; an included angle exists between the side edges of the two second matching surfaces close to the handle cone, and the distance between the two side edges is gradually reduced along the direction from the side edges close to the bionic bulge to the side edges far away from the bionic bulge.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme for the other both sides of near-end body are better with the inside shape looks adaptation of medullary cavity that has the tapering, and under the condition that femoral stem prosthesis receives human skeleton or tissue pressure, form pressure fit between second fitting surface and the medullary cavity chamber wall, have promoted the bone of second fitting surface and have grown into the effect.

Optionally, some or all of the proximal body, the throat body, and the distal body are 3D printed trabecular bone structures.

By adopting the technical scheme, the surfaces of the near-end body, the narrow part body and the far-end body are provided with the bone trabecula structure with a good bone ingrowth effect, so that the femoral stem prosthesis can obtain good postoperative stability after being inserted into the medullary cavity.

In summary, the present application has the following technical effects:

1. compared with the prior art that the whole femoral stem prosthesis is customized and processed according to the medullary cavity structure and size of a patient, the femoral stem prosthesis is improved in applicability to different patients, so that the early-stage design and processing cost of the femoral stem prosthesis is reduced, and the subsequent revision operation of the femoral stem prosthesis is simplified;

2. the distal body capable of generating elastic deformation is arranged, so that the distal body can conveniently enter the medullary cavity through the osteotomy surface, and after the distal body is inserted into the medullary cavity, the distal body generates elastic deformation to enable the medullary cavity wall to apply certain pressure on the peripheral surface of the distal body, and then the distal body generates deformation to better adapt to the shape of the medullary cavity and improve the postoperative stability of the femoral stem prosthesis in the medullary cavity;

3. through making the near-end body have certain tapering for the near-end body better with have tapering pulp cavity internal shape looks adaptation, under the condition that the femoral stem prosthesis receives human skeleton or tissue pressure, form pressure fit between the surface of near-end body and the pulp cavity wall, promoted the bone on near-end body surface and grown into the effect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a femoral stem prosthesis in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a femoral stem prosthesis in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a side view of a femoral stem prosthesis in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a top view of a femoral stem prosthesis in an embodiment of the present application.

In the figures, 1, a proximal body; 11. a first mating surface; 12. a second mating surface; 2. a throat body; 3. a distal body; 31. a deformation groove; 4. a neck portion; 41. inserting holes; 5. a handle cone; 6. a connecting rod; 7. a set screw; 8. and (4) bionic bulges.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a combined femoral stem prosthesis, which includes a proximal end body 1, a narrow portion body 2 and a distal end body 3, which are sequentially disposed, wherein a neck portion 4 is fixed on one side of the proximal end body 1 away from the narrow portion body 2, a stem cone 5 is formed on the neck portion 4, and an axial direction of the stem cone 5 is inclined to one side of the proximal end body 1 along a direction from being close to being far away from the proximal end body 1; the proximal body 1, the throat body 2, the distal body 3 and the neck 4 are designed and machined in advance to have different models, i.e., different structural proportions or sizes.

The proximal end body 1, the narrow part body 2 and the distal end body 3 are inserted into a medullary cavity and matched with the medullary cavity, and due to the fact that the shape of the inside of the medullary cavity is irregular and the difference of medullary cavity structures between people is large, the proximal end body 1, the narrow part body 2 or the distal end body 3 with corresponding sizes and structures are selected according to the medullary cavity structures of patients before an operation, and then the proximal end body, the narrow part body 2 or the distal end body 3 are assembled together, so that a femoral stem prosthesis matched with the medullary cavity structures of the patients can be assembled; when the length, the structure and the like of the femoral stem prosthesis need to be adjusted during postoperative revision, only the proximal end body 1, the narrow part body 2 or the distal end body 3 with corresponding models need to be replaced; in addition, when the length, the inclination angle and the like of the handle cone 5 need to be adjusted during the postoperative revision, only the neck part 4 with the corresponding model needs to be replaced; compare and customize the processing according to patient's pulp cavity structure and size to whole femoral stem prosthesis before the art, this application has improved femoral stem prosthesis to different patients ' suitability to reduce femoral stem prosthesis's earlier stage design and processing cost, still simplified follow-up femoral stem prosthesis in addition and rebuild the operation.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the neck portion 4, the proximal end body 1, and the narrow portion body 2 are arranged in a fixed relationship between the distal end body 3 and the proximal end body 1, the distal end body 3 has a connecting rod 6 formed at an end thereof close to the narrow portion body 2 and penetrating the narrow portion body 2 and the distal end body 3, the diameter of the connecting rod 6 is smaller than the diameter of an end surface of the distal end body 3 close to the connecting rod 6, the end surface of the distal end body 3 abuts against the end surface of the narrow portion body 2, and an end of the connecting rod 6 away from the distal end body 3 is inserted into the neck portion 4; an insertion hole 41 for inserting the end part of the connecting rod 6 is formed in the end face, close to the near-end body 1, of the neck part 4, and a fixing screw 7 screwed in the end face of the connecting rod 6 is arranged on one side, away from the near-end body 1, of the neck part 4 in a penetrating mode.

When the whole femoral stem prosthesis needs to be assembled, the connecting rod 6 penetrates through the neck part 4, the near end body 1 and the narrow part body 2, and the fixing screw 7 is screwed so that the trend of moving towards the direction of mutual approaching exists between the far end body 3 and the neck part 4 until the near end body 1 and the narrow part body 2 are clamped and fixed by the far end body 3 and the neck part 4 together, so that the neck part 4, the near end body 1 and the narrow part body 2 are fixed in position among the far end body 3; in order to ensure the structural stability of the whole femoral stem prosthesis after assembly, one end of the connecting rod 6, which is far away from the distal body 3, has a taper, the diameter of the end of the connecting rod 6 is gradually reduced along the direction from the end close to the distal body 3 to the end far away from the distal body 3, and the insertion hole 41 is matched with the connecting rod 6, so that a reliable taper fit is formed between the connecting rod 6 and the neck part 4.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in order to provide the femoral stem prosthesis with a good bionic structure, the proximal body 1 has two oppositely arranged first matching surfaces 11 and two oppositely arranged second matching surfaces 12, the first matching surfaces 11 and the second matching surfaces 12 are arranged adjacently, and the axis of the stem cone 5 is located between the two second matching surfaces 12; a bionic bulge 8 is formed on a first matching surface 11 of the two parts, which is far away from the handle cone 5, the bionic bulge 8 is positioned at one end of the near-end body 1, which is far away from the narrow part body 2, and the bionic bulge 8 is bulged towards one side, which is far away from the handle cone 5; like this for near-end body 1 can be better with the adaptation of medullary cavity near-end shape after inserting inside the medullary cavity, and the medullary cavity chamber wall can reach the support effect to near-end body 1 through supporting bionic protrusion 8, and then makes whole femoral stem prosthesis have and prevent sinking the effect and have good stability promptly at the postoperative.

Further, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the first mating surface 11 is a curved surface and the two first mating surfaces 11 have a taper therebetween, and the distance between the two first mating surfaces 11 gradually increases along a direction from the approach to the direction away from the throat body 2; the two second matching surfaces 12 are provided with taper between planes, and the distance between the two planes is gradually increased along the direction from the approach to the far away from the narrow part body 2; in addition, referring to fig. 4, an included angle exists between the two side edges of the second matching surface 12 close to the handle cone 5, and the distance between the two side edges gradually decreases along the direction from close to far away from the bionic bulge 8; make near-end body 1 all form wedge structure on three orientation like this, after near-end body 1 inserted to the intramedullary canal inside, each surface of near-end body 1 all formed taper fit with the chamber wall in intramedullary canal, when near-end body 1 received the pressure of human skeleton or tissue, the bone on near-end body 1 surface grows into the effect and obtains effectual promotion.

In order to further improve the bone ingrowth effect of the whole femoral stem prosthesis, the proximal end body 1, the narrow part body 2 and the distal end body 3 are all made of a 3D printed bone trabecular structure, so that the surfaces of the three parts have a good bone ingrowth effect, and the post-operation stability of the femoral stem prosthesis is further improved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the circumferential surface of the throat body 2 also has a taper, the diameter of the throat body 2 gradually decreases in a direction from the approach to the distance from the proximal body 1, and the diameter of the large diameter end of the throat body 2 is equal to or smaller than the diameter of the end surface of the proximal body 1 near the throat body 2; after the femoral stem prosthesis is inserted into the medullary cavity, the narrow part body 2 corresponds to the narrowest part of the medullary cavity, the wall of the medullary cavity performs radial limiting on the circumferential surface of the narrow part body 2, and the circumferential surface of the narrow part body 2 has taper, so that taper fit is formed between the narrow part body 2 and the wall of the medullary cavity, and the postoperative stability of the femoral stem prosthesis is further improved.

In order to facilitate the insertion of the femoral stem prosthesis into the medullary cavity, one end of the distal end body 3, which is far away from the throat part body 2, is provided with a taper, and the diameter of the end of the distal end body 3 is gradually reduced along the direction from the end close to the throat part body 2, so that when the femoral stem prosthesis is inserted into the medullary cavity, the pressure of the end surface of the distal end body 3 on the medullary cavity can be effectively reduced, and the resistance received in the insertion process of the femoral stem prosthesis can be reduced; in addition, in the process of follow-up patient's motion, if the distal end of femoral stem prosthesis moves in the medullary cavity, the tip that has the tapering can effectively reduce distal end body 3 and the medullary cavity wall and take place to collide with and bring painful possibility for the patient.

Further, referring to fig. 1 and 2, a plurality of deformation grooves 31 penetrating through the end surface of the distal end body 3 away from the narrow portion body 2 are formed on the circumferential surface of the distal end body 3, the deformation grooves 31 penetrate through the circumferential surface of the distal end body 3 and are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the distal end body 3, the deformation grooves 31 are communicated with each other so that the distal end body 3 can generate elastic deformation when being subjected to radial pressure, in the present embodiment, the deformation grooves 31 are formed with four grooves and are distributed at equal intervals around the axis of the distal end body 3, and the four deformation grooves 31 jointly form a cross-shaped groove; on one hand, the pressure of the end surface of the distal end body 3 on the medullary cavity is further reduced by reducing the area of the end surface of the distal end body 3, so that the distal end body 3 can be conveniently inserted deeply; on the other hand, when the femoral stem prosthesis is to be inserted into the medullary cavity, the peripheral wall of the distal body 3 is compressed to deform the distal body 3, so that the distal body 3 can conveniently enter the medullary cavity through the osteotomy surface; after the distal end body 3 is inserted into the medullary cavity, the distal end body 3 is elastically deformed to enable the medullary cavity wall to exert certain pressure on the peripheral surface of the distal end body 3, and then the distal end body 3 is deformed to better adapt to the shape of the medullary cavity and improve the postoperative stability of the femoral stem prosthesis in the medullary cavity.

In summary, the application process is as follows: can dismantle neck 4, near-end body 1, narrow portion body 2 and distal end body 3 of connection each other, compare before the art and customize the processing to whole femoral stem prosthesis according to patient's pulp cavity structure and size, this application has improved femoral stem prosthesis to different patients ' suitability to reduce femoral stem prosthesis's earlier stage design and processing cost, still simplified follow-up femoral stem prosthesis in addition and rebuild the operation.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A modular femoral stem prosthesis, comprising: the cervical vertebra protector comprises a near-end body (1), a narrow part body (2) and a far-end body (3) which are sequentially arranged, wherein a neck part (4) is arranged on one side of the near-end body (1) departing from the narrow part body (2), and a handle cone (5) is formed on the neck part (4); the neck part (4), the near end body (1), the narrow part body (2) and the far end body (3) are detachably and fixedly connected.

2. A modular femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting rod (6) which sequentially penetrates through the narrow part body (2) and the near end body (1) is formed on the far end body (3), the end face of the far end body (3) abuts against the end face of the narrow part body (2), the connecting rod (6) extends to the inside of the neck (4), and a fixing screw (7) screwed on the end face of the connecting rod (6) is arranged inside the neck (4).

3. A modular femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 2, wherein: the surface that neck portion (4) are close to near-end body (1) offers plug-in mounting hole (41) with connecting rod (6) tip looks adaptation, and connecting rod (6) deviate from the one end of distal end body (3) and have the tapering, and connecting rod (6) have the position diameter of tapering and reduce along being close to the direction of keeping away from distal end body (3) gradually.

4. A modular femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the far-end body (3) departing from the narrow part body (2) is provided with a taper, and the diameter of the tapered part of the far-end body (3) is gradually reduced along the direction from the close to the far-end of the narrow part body (2).

5. A modular femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: the peripheral wall of the far-end body (3) is provided with a plurality of deformation grooves (31) which can be used for the far-end body (3) to deform towards the direction close to the axis of the far-end body, and the deformation grooves (31) are distributed along the circumferential direction of the far-end body (3) at intervals.

6. A modular femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the throat body (2) becomes gradually larger in a direction from the distal body (3) to the proximal body (1).

7. A modular femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: handle awl (5) along from being close to the direction of keeping away from near-end body (1), to the one side slope of near-end body (1), one side shaping of near-end body (1) has bionical arch (8), and bionical arch (8) are protruding to the direction that deviates from handle awl (5) orientation.

8. A modular femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 7, wherein: the near-end body (1) comprises two first matching surfaces (11) which are oppositely arranged, and the bionic bulge (8) is formed on the first matching surface (11) which is deviated from the handle cone (5); the distance between the two first mating surfaces (11) is gradually increased along the direction from the approach to the far away from the narrow part body (2).

9. A modular femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 8, wherein: the proximal body (1) further comprises two oppositely arranged second matching surfaces (12), and the distance between the planes of the two second matching surfaces (12) is gradually increased along the direction from the approach to the far away from the narrow part body (2); an included angle exists between the side edges of the two second matching surfaces (12) close to the handle cone (5), and the distance between the two side edges is gradually reduced along the direction from close to far away from the bionic bulge (8).

10. A modular femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: some or all of the proximal body (1), the throat body (2) and the distal body (3) are 3D printed trabecular bone structures.