CN114024890A - Route configuration method based on quantum error code link monitoring - Google Patents
Route configuration method based on quantum error code link monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN114024890A CN114024890A CN202010689473.2A CN202010689473A CN114024890A CN 114024890 A CN114024890 A CN 114024890A CN 202010689473 A CN202010689473 A CN 202010689473A CN 114024890 A CN114024890 A CN 114024890A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
- H04L45/123—Evaluation of link metrics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
- H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
- H04B10/0795—Performance monitoring; Measurement of transmission parameters
- H04B10/07953—Monitoring or measuring OSNR, BER or Q
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/70—Photonic quantum communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
- H04L43/0823—Errors, e.g. transmission errors
- H04L43/0847—Transmission error
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/70—Routing based on monitoring results
Abstract
The invention discloses a route configuration method, a system and a storage medium based on quantum error code link monitoring, and provides a route configuration technology based on quantum error code link monitoring, which comprises the following steps: respectively compiling the classical communication signals and the quantum communication signals in two wave bands with larger interval and extremely low crosstalk to realize the parallel fiber transmission of the classical signals and the quantum signals; the quantum bit error code monitoring is used for realizing the quantitative evaluation of link security and the discrimination alarm of an eavesdropping event (but not a complex encryption and decryption process), the quantum bit error code monitoring and the traditional routing function are integrated in the same router, and the quantum bit error code rate of each link directly connected with the router is used for forming the cost of generating a link security path and informing the whole network router or summarizing the cost in a whole network routing control center; and configuring a routing strategy according to the link safety path overhead information, and obtaining the optimal routing path with the highest link safety attribute while considering both the routing overhead and the path length. The invention can combine the link security attribute of the quantum key distribution technology and the flexible routing capability of the classical communication network to realize the improvement of the communication link security-oriented communication network operation and maintenance capability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the subject fields of quantum communication, optical fiber sensing, computer networks and the like, particularly relates to a routing configuration technology for quantitatively evaluating the safety of a direct connection communication link of a router through quantum bit error code monitoring, generating link safety path cost, notifying a whole-network router or summarizing the whole-network router in a whole-network routing control center to form a link safety level priority routing strategy, and particularly relates to a routing configuration method, a system and a storage medium based on quantum bit error code link monitoring.
Background
The quantum communication technology is a communication technology capable of realizing information safety transmission from the perspective of a communication link, and essentially realizes information interaction through quantum state synchronous sharing of a remote user; an attacker cannot predict quantum state information before measurement, separate quantum states or repeatedly etch quantum states after measurement, and any interference on a communication link (whether from attack behaviors with eavesdropping motivation or from irresistible force influence) destroys a quantum state synchronous sharing mechanism of a remote user to cause perception of both communication parties.
The most mature quantum communication technology at the present stage is a quantum secret communication technology, and plaintext information encryption and decryption operations are mainly realized through quantum key distribution. The quantum secret communication system usually adopts a point-to-point working mode, has certain networking capability, but has a larger distance from large-scale engineering practicality, and the main reasons include: quantum key distribution requires independent quantum channels (e.g., passive fibers); the quantum key distribution rate is usually far lower than the classical communication rate, and the one-time pad working mode can only support low-speed transmission; the quantum key distribution system is not compatible with the existing network relay routing equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
Against the background, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to realize synchronous sharing of quantum bits of remote users (directly connected routers) through a quantum key distribution system; the router monitors the quantum bit error rate of all the connected communication links in real time, the safety of the communication links is quantitatively measured through actually measured values of the quantum bit error rate, and particularly, when the quantum bit error rate is higher than a threshold value, the communication links are considered to be completely unsafe (namely attacked); the router advertises the formed path cost containing link security weight to the whole network router or gathers the path cost in a whole network routing control center; the whole network router or the route control center forms a route configuration strategy containing link safety attributes according to bandwidth overhead, a path and safety weight, and the bypassing avoidance of safety critical information on hidden danger links is realized depending on the robustness of a communication network.
In order to achieve the effect, the invention provides a routing configuration method based on quantum error code link monitoring, which is characterized in that a plurality of different users establish remote connection through a communication link in which quantum signals and communication signals are transmitted in parallel, and remotely and synchronously share quantum bits; one user realizes real-time monitoring of the communication link by taking the quantum bit error rate as a physical quantity, and the measured results are the same as the link safety path cost which can be quantitatively evaluated; and incorporating the link security path cost advertisement into a routing configuration strategy through the minimum path cost routing configuration.
Preferably, the number of the different users is two, and the two users can measure the error rate of the qubits and obtain an effective qubit sequence by negotiation interaction and information post-processing.
Preferably, the above-mentioned quantum signal and communication signal parallel fiber transmission mechanism is implemented by a wavelength division multiplexing system, or implemented by a mode division multiplexing system, a time division multiplexing system, or a polarization division multiplexing system, and the implemented features are: the classical signal and the quantum signal work in different wave bands, the crosstalk between the classical signal and the quantum signal is low, the nonlinear effect which obviously influences the transmission of the quantum signal does not occur, and the classical signal and the quantum signal can be effectively separated.
Preferably, the link security path overhead can be measured by a ratio of a measured value of the quantum bit error rate to a theoretical value, and meanwhile, when the quantum bit error rate is higher than a threshold (usually depending on a quantum key distribution protocol), a path overhead value capable of indicating link disconnection is taken; and (3) carrying out routing configuration by taking the link security path overhead as a reference, or converting the quantum bit error rate into a quantitative parameter and formulating a routing configuration strategy according to the quantitative parameter.
Preferably, the minimum path cost route configuration avoids all the links determined to be invaded through information route forwarding, and selects the link security path cost and the minimum path as the best route if a plurality of selectable routes exist.
Preferably, the minimum path cost routing configuration may balance the link security path cost and the traditional path cost, or reasonably configure the routing by combining the factors such as the transmission distance, bandwidth allocation, and traffic distribution of each link.
Preferably, the link security path overhead notification whole network process is realized by notifying whole network routers or summarizing the whole network router in a whole network routing control center, and the routing algorithm can be independently operated in each router or can be uniformly operated in the whole network routing control center.
Preferably, the routing configuration policy may be advertised and implemented by each router or uniformly implemented by a routing control center of the whole network, and the data format, manual or automatic configuration mode, and the structure, interface type, forwarding mode, networking mode, etc. of the routing configuration policy are not limited.
A system for implementing the above routing configuration method based on quantum error code link monitoring includes:
the remote connection establishing unit is used for establishing remote connection among a plurality of different users through a communication link in which quantum signals and communication signals are transmitted in parallel and synchronously sharing quantum bits remotely;
the link safety path overhead evaluation unit is used for realizing the real-time monitoring of the communication link by a user by taking the quantum bit error rate as a physical quantity and unifying the actual measurement results into the link safety path overhead which can be quantitatively evaluated;
an overhead route configuration unit, configured to incorporate the link security route overhead advertisement into the route configuration policy in the whole network through the minimum route overhead route configuration
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the above-mentioned method.
Compared with the prior art, the quantum bit error rate monitoring is a sensing technology in essence, namely perimeter early warning is carried out on the invasion situation of a communication link (such as an optical fiber) by taking the quantum bit error rate as a physical parameter, both communication sides can still obtain a certain number of quantum bits, and encryption and decryption operations are carried out on important information.
Compared with the quantum secret communication technology, the scheme of the invention also has the following advantages:
(1) only the deviation of the quantum bit error rate and a theoretical value (the working performance degradation of a communication link) is concerned, and whether the deviation is higher than a threshold value (the link intrusion) is not required, the quantum bit rate is not required to be higher, which is different from the working mode that quantum secret communication needs to be carried out in compromise between a higher communication rate and a longer transmission distance, namely, the transmission distance can be increased as much as possible on the basis that the quantum bit error rate is higher than the threshold value;
(2) thanks to the whole network notification mechanism, a single communication link only needs to monitor the one-way quantum bit error rate (without the need of providing identical quantum transceiver devices at two ends of the link), and meanwhile, the classical signal and quantum signal fiber-combining transmission mechanism ensures the direct reflection of the quantum bit error rate on the link security;
(3) the technical scheme of the invention has higher tolerance on the transmission stability of the quantum bit, the great increase of the bit error rate of the quantum bit can be considered as the working performance degradation of a communication link, but the network performance can not be greatly influenced before the intrusion is judged to exceed the threshold value or the forwarding strategy is changed according to the path overhead;
(4) for communication networks with different topologies, the routing configuration technology of the invention can ensure different link security levels, and can cut off all invaded communication links under extreme conditions without causing physical isolation among any users in the whole network, so that the invention can realize security guarantee (bandwidth is possibly influenced) from the angle of the links in the whole network.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a router (interface) containing a sub-error code monitoring function according to the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the routing configuration based on quantum error code link monitoring in the present invention.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below, and in order to make objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiment provides a routing configuration method based on quantum error code link monitoring, which comprises three parts:
qubit transfer, i.e. the end-to-end transmission of qubits is achieved by a quantum key distribution system, it should be noted that quantum signals modulated in different bands and classical signals will share the same spatial channel (parallel fiber) for transmission;
monitoring the quantum bit error rate and generating link safety path cost, quantitatively evaluating the quantum bit error rate degradation condition of a connected communication link by taking a router as a unit, normalizing link safety indexes to general indexes such as path cost and the like to form link safety path cost and announcing the whole network;
and comprehensively considering other types of path cost according to the link weighted path cost to complete the routing configuration considering both the bandwidth performance and the security performance. .
The invention provides an embodiment of a routing configuration method based on quantum error code link monitoring.A plurality of different users establish remote connection through a communication link in which quantum signals and communication signals are transmitted in parallel, and remotely and synchronously share quantum bits; one user realizes real-time monitoring of the communication link by taking the quantum bit error rate as a physical quantity, and unifies the actual measurement result into the link safety path cost which can be quantitatively evaluated; and incorporating the link security path cost advertisement into a routing configuration strategy through the minimum path cost routing configuration.
In some embodiments, the number of the different users is two, and the two parties can measure the error rate of the qubits and obtain the effective qubit sequence by negotiation interaction and information post-processing.
In some embodiments, the quantum signal and communication signal parallel fiber transmission mechanism is implemented by a wavelength division multiplexing system, or implemented by a mode division multiplexing system, a time division multiplexing system, or a partial division multiplexing system, and the implemented features are: the classical signal and the quantum signal work in different wave bands, the crosstalk between the classical signal and the quantum signal is low, the nonlinear effect which obviously influences the transmission of the quantum signal does not occur, and the classical signal and the quantum signal can be effectively separated.
In some embodiments, the link security path cost may be measured by a ratio of a measured qubit error rate value to a theoretical value, and a path cost value that indicates a link disconnection is taken when the qubit error rate is higher than a threshold (usually depending on a quantum key distribution protocol); and (3) carrying out routing configuration by taking the link security path overhead as a reference, or converting the quantum bit error rate into a quantitative parameter and formulating a routing configuration strategy according to the quantitative parameter.
In some embodiments, the minimum path cost route configuration will avoid all the links determined to have been invaded by information route forwarding, and if there are multiple optional routes, select the link security path cost and the smallest path as the best route.
In some embodiments, the minimum path cost route configuration may balance the link security path cost and the traditional path cost, or may combine the transmission distance, bandwidth allocation, and traffic distribution of each link to configure the route appropriately.
In some embodiments, the link security path overhead advertisement whole network process is implemented by advertising whole network routers or aggregating in a whole network routing control center, and the routing algorithm can be operated independently in each router or operated uniformly in the whole network routing control center.
In some embodiments, the route configuration is implemented by using the link security path overhead as a reference, and the priority order of each path may also be formulated according to the average value of the ratio of the measured value of the quantum bit error rate to the theoretical value, where the smaller the average value of the measured value/the theoretical value is, the higher the priority of the path is.
In some embodiments, the routing configuration is implemented based on the link security path overhead, and the routing configuration policy may also be specified using the quantum bit error rate as an input parameter. The specified route configuration strategy needs to satisfy: the smaller the ratio of the measured value to the theoretical value of the quantum bit error rate is, the more preferred the path is to be selected.
In some embodiments, the routing configuration policy may be advertised and implemented by each router or uniformly implemented by the routing control center of the whole network, without limiting the data format of the routing configuration policy, the manual or automatic configuration mode, and without limiting the router structure, the interface type, the forwarding mode, the networking mode, and the like.
Remote users (directly connected routers) synchronously share quantum bits, one party of the remote users (directly connected routers) realizes real-time monitoring of communication links by taking quantum bit error rate as physical quantity, and simultaneously takes the measured results as link safety path cost which can be quantitatively evaluated (when the measured results are higher than a threshold value, the link safety path cost is infinitely high), the traditional minimum path cost route configuration thought is used for reference, the link safety path cost announcement whole network is incorporated into a route configuration strategy, the detour avoidance of safety concern information on hidden danger links is realized by relying on the robustness of a communication network, and important reference is provided for large-scale practical safe and reliable communication networks.
The synchronous quantum bit sharing can be realized through a quantum key distribution system, and is characterized in that: the sharing information of the remote users (the direct connection router) meets the principles of inaccurate measurement, irreproducibility and unclonability, and the two parties can measure the error rate of the quantum bit and obtain an effective quantum bit sequence by negotiation interaction and information post-processing.
In one embodiment, remote users (direct connection routers) are interconnected by communication links through which classical signals and quantum signals are transmitted in parallel, a sender A generates a binary random number sequence, modulates the binary random number sequence into a quantum state and sends the quantum state to a receiver B; the receiver measures the quantum state and interacts the measuring method (but not the measuring result) with the sender through the reverse communication link, and estimates the information which can be acquired by the eavesdropper; the sender and the receiver determine the quantum bit error rate through negotiation interaction;
quantum key distribution protocols include, but are not limited to, BB84 protocol, E91 protocol, BBM92 protocol, high-dimensional quantum key distribution protocol, time-energy entanglement protocol, TF protocol, continuous variable quantum key distribution protocol, and the like; information carriers include, but are not limited to, optical photons, spintronics, etc., quantum channels include, but are not limited to, optical fibers, cables, free space, etc., and encoding degrees of freedom include, but are not limited to, polarization, temporal bits, phase, frequency, mode field, spin direction, etc.
The quantum signal and communication signal parallel fiber transmission mechanism can be realized by a wavelength division multiplexing system, a mode division multiplexing system, a time division multiplexing system and a partial division multiplexing system, and is characterized in that: the classical signal and the quantum signal work in different wave bands (or mode fields, time windows and polarization directions), the crosstalk between the classical signal and the quantum signal is low, the nonlinear effect which obviously influences the transmission of the quantum signal does not occur, and the classical signal and the quantum signal can be effectively separated.
In some embodiments, the link security path cost may be measured by a ratio of a measured qubit error rate value to a theoretical value, and a path cost value that indicates a link disconnection is taken when the qubit error rate is higher than a threshold (usually depending on a quantum key distribution protocol); the routing configuration can be implemented by taking the link security path overhead as a reference, and the quantum bit error rate can be converted into quantitative parameters by other calculation methods to make a routing configuration strategy.
The routing configuration technology is characterized in that the routing configuration technology aims at minimizing the cost of a link security path: and forwarding the information route avoids all the links judged to be invaded, and if a plurality of optional routes exist, the link safety path cost and the minimum path are selected as the optimal route. The routing configuration technique as claimed in claim 1 can balance the link security path overhead and the traditional path overhead, or combine the transmission distance, bandwidth allocation and traffic distribution of each link to configure the routing reasonably.
The whole network process of link safety path expense notice can be realized by noticing whole network routers or gathering the whole network router control center, the routing algorithm can be independently operated in each router or uniformly operated in the whole network router control center, the routing configuration strategy can be noticed and implemented by each router or uniformly implemented by the whole network router control center, the data format and the manual or automatic configuration mode of the routing configuration strategy are not limited, and the structure, the interface type, the forwarding mode, the networking mode and the like of the router are not limited.
The invention also provides an embodiment of a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the above-mentioned method.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an embodiment of a router (interface) with a function of quantum error monitoring, in which a classical signal modulated in an X band and a quantum signal modulated in a Y band are combined and co-transmitted to an input end of the router (interface) via a Wavelength-division multiplexer (WDM).
The X band and the Y band need to satisfy the following conditions:
(1) the X wave band and the Y wave band are not overlapped on the spectrum;
(2) various nonlinear effects of the X wave band such as stimulated Raman scattering and four-wave mixing can not generate serious influence on the Y wave band quantum signal;
(3) the transmission loss of the X wave band and the Y wave band in the single-mode optical fiber is possibly small;
(4) the X-band channels of WDM have a higher isolation to the Y-band and vice versa;
(5) cross-talk between the X-band and the Y-band can be negligible.
The routers (interfaces) shown in the figure receive and separate both classical and quantum signals from within the fiber simultaneously via WDM; the classical signals are detected by a classical communication detector, the obtained data information is input into a cache, and the traditional path overhead is analyzed from a logic level (bandwidth flow and distance delay); detecting the quantum signal by a single-photon detector, acquiring a measured quantum bit error rate value (through negotiation), and comparing the measured quantum bit error rate value with a theoretical quantum bit error rate value (directly related to the length of the optical fiber link) to form link safety path cost; the traditional path cost and the link safety path cost are simultaneously input into a routing algorithm to form comprehensive path cost and inform the whole network through a classical channel; the data output from the buffer is also forwarded to the next hop device through the classical channel. It should be noted that the classical communication detector, the cache, the routing algorithm using the traditional path overhead as the input quantity, the classical signal sending end and other parts in the graph are the components of the traditional router (interface); the single photon detector, a routing algorithm taking the link safety path overhead (quantum bit error rate calculation result) as an input quantity and a quantum signal transmitting end form a quantum error code link monitoring system; in addition to sharing fibre channel, routing algorithms and other necessary interface devices, the classical and quantum signal flows can be viewed as running independently, which is completely different from the classical-quantum signal encryption and decryption process in quantum secure communication systems.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention discloses a routing configuration embodiment based on quantum error code link monitoring, wherein a host at the lower left corner wants to establish a session with a host at the upper right corner, and needs to pass through a grid communication network composed of routers and having three horizontal and three vertical directions; black numbers in the figure represent traditional path cost of each link, two hosts establish connection relationship through five routers (3,1) - (3,2) - (2,2) - (1,2) - (1,3) according to the principle of lowest path cost, and the sum of the traditional path cost is 5; the figures show the link security path cost numerically, the numerical value is inversely related to the degradation degree of the quantum bit error rate, namely the closer the quantum bit error rate is to a theoretical value, the smaller the link security path cost value is, and the quantum bit error rate is higher than a threshold value, the link is judged to be attacked, the broken circuit mark is adopted at the moment, according to the principle of the lowest link security path cost, the two hosts establish a connection relationship through five routers (3,1) - (2,1) - (1,1) - (1,2) - (1,3), and at the moment, the sum of the link security path cost is 5 and the sum of the traditional path cost is 10; if the traditional path cost and the link safety path cost need to be considered comprehensively, the optimal routing route is (3,1) - (3,2) - (3,3) - (2,3) - (1,3), and the sum of the link safety path costs is 6, and the sum of the traditional path costs is 7. FIG. 2 shows only the simplest case, where the minimum of the algebraic sum (not the weighted sum) of the conventional path cost and the link security path cost is the routing configuration criterion; in practical application, factors such as transmission distance of each link, bandwidth allocation, traffic distribution and the like need to be considered.
The invention discloses an embodiment, firstly, a quantum bit module (quantum bit sending or quantum bit receiving) is installed in a local router with an optical module (light emitting and light receiving), and is integrated with the optical module into a same interface through a wavelength division multiplexing system, so that the crosstalk between a quantum signal working waveband and a classical (light) signal working waveband is ensured to be low; secondly, a neighboring router in single-hop connection with the local router negotiates a quantum signal transceiving rule with the local router, and for a specific communication link (here, a communication optical fiber), the local router serves as a quantum bit sending end or a quantum bit receiving end; thirdly, the local router calculates a quantum bit error rate theoretical value for the communication link of the receiving end bearing the quantum bit according to the quantum bit coding type (namely quantum key distribution protocol), the communication link loss (optical fiber distance), the working frequency of the quantum light source and the single photon detector and other factors, monitors the measured value and compares the measured value with the theoretical value to form a link safety path overhead quantization value (or a fusing value); and finally, the local router informs the whole network router of the real-time calculation result of the link safety path cost of the quantum bit receiving end born by the local router or gathers the calculation result in a whole network routing control center to form various routing configuration strategies and complete routing configuration considering both bandwidth performance and safety performance.
The invention provides another simple embodiment, a routing configuration technology based on quantum error code link monitoring, wherein a remote user (a direct-connected router) shares a quantum bit, one party uses the quantum bit error rate as a physical quantity to realize real-time monitoring of a communication link, and uses the measured result as the same link safety path overhead which can be quantitatively evaluated (when the measured result is higher than a threshold value, the link safety path overhead is infinitely large), the traditional minimum path overhead routing configuration thought is used for reference, the link safety path overhead is incorporated into a routing configuration strategy, the bypassing avoidance of safety critical links by safety cut-off information is realized depending on the robustness of a communication network, and important reference is provided for a large-scale practical safe and reliable communication network.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable effects:
firstly, the method is mainly applied to a physical layer of a communication network, an attacker can acquire logic information and perform subsequent (deciphering) operation only by carrying out waveform inverse transformation after intercepting a communication signal from a channel, and the difficulty of eavesdropping plaintext information by the attacker is greatly increased;
secondly, the invention can realize the synchronous sharing of the transformed waveforms of both communication parties through the synchronous sharing of the quantum true random number, the digital qubit can realize the hidden transmission of tens (or higher) data bits, the higher the complexity of the interference waveform, the longer the duration, the larger the data volume which can be hidden by a single interference waveform, and the lower the requirement on the quantum bit rate, in other words, the larger the safe communication data volume which can be supported by a fixed rate quantum distribution system;
thirdly, the shared waveform library comprises but is not limited to discrete signal waveforms, sine and cosine waveforms of various frequencies, triangular waveforms/square waveforms/sawtooth waveforms and other various irregular waveforms and superposition shapes of the waveforms, and the waveform sharing rule comprises but is not limited to one-to-one mapping (a single waveform is selected according to a fixed-length quantum bit serial number), one-to-many mapping (a plurality of waveforms are selected according to a fixed-length quantum bit serial number for weighted superposition), and the like, and theoretically has infinite complex compiling capability;
finally, the safe communication scheme of the invention can be operated together with various passwords, namely, the information input into the safe communication system can ensure that plaintext information can also be ciphertext information.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various units by function, and are described separately. Of course, the functionality of the units may be implemented in one or more software and/or hardware when implementing the present application.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The application may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The application may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A route configuration method based on quantum error code link monitoring is characterized in that a plurality of different users establish remote connection through a communication link in which quantum signals and communication signals are transmitted in parallel, and share quantum bits remotely and synchronously; one user realizes real-time monitoring of the communication link by taking the quantum bit error rate as a physical quantity, and unifies the actual measurement result into the link safety path cost which can be quantitatively evaluated; and incorporating the link security path cost advertisement into a routing configuration strategy through the minimum path cost routing configuration.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the number of the different users is two, and the two users can measure the qubit error rate and obtain the valid qubit sequence by negotiation interaction and information post-processing.
3. The method for configuring routing based on quantum error link monitoring according to claim 1, wherein the mechanism for transmitting the quantum signal and the communication signal in parallel is implemented by a wavelength division multiplexing system, or a mode division multiplexing system, a time division multiplexing system, or a polarization division multiplexing system, and the implementation is characterized in that: the classical signal and the quantum signal work in different wave bands, the crosstalk between the classical signal and the quantum signal is low, the nonlinear effect which obviously influences the transmission of the quantum signal does not occur, and the classical signal and the quantum signal can be effectively separated.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the link security path cost is measured by a ratio of measured qubit error rate to a theoretical value, and a path cost value indicating link disconnection is taken when the qubit error rate is higher than a threshold (usually determined by a qubit key distribution protocol); and (3) carrying out routing configuration by taking the link security path overhead as a reference, or converting the quantum bit error rate into a quantitative parameter and formulating a routing configuration strategy according to the quantitative parameter.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the minimum path cost route configuration avoids all the links determined to have been invaded by forwarding information routes, and selects a link security path cost and a minimum path as an optimal route if there are multiple selectable routes.
6. The method of claim 1 or 5, wherein the minimum path cost route configuration may balance the link security path cost and the traditional path cost, or reasonably configure the route by combining the factors of the link transmission distance, bandwidth allocation and traffic distribution.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the link security path overhead advertisement whole network process is implemented by advertising whole network routers or aggregating in a whole network routing control center, and the routing algorithm can be operated independently in each router or operated uniformly in the whole network routing control center.
8. The routing configuration method based on quantum error code link monitoring according to claim 7, wherein the routing configuration policy can be advertised and implemented by each router or uniformly implemented by a whole network routing control center, without limiting a routing configuration policy data format, a manual or automatic configuration mode, and without limiting a router structure, an interface type, a forwarding mode, a networking mode, and the like.
9. A system for implementing the quantum error link monitoring-based routing configuration method according to claims 1-8, comprising:
the remote connection establishing unit is used for establishing remote connection among a plurality of different users through a communication link in which quantum signals and communication signals are transmitted in parallel and synchronously sharing quantum bits remotely;
the link safety path overhead evaluation unit is used for realizing the real-time monitoring of the communication link by a user by taking the quantum bit error rate as a physical quantity and unifying the actual measurement results into the link safety path overhead which can be quantitatively evaluated;
and the overhead route configuration unit is used for incorporating the link security path overhead advertisement into the route configuration strategy through the minimum path overhead route configuration.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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