CN114021412A - Human body finite element modeling method for predicting human body biomechanical response under vibration - Google Patents
Human body finite element modeling method for predicting human body biomechanical response under vibration Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a human body finite element modeling method for predicting human body biomechanical response under vibration, which comprises the following steps: 1) establishing a sitting posture human body finite element model; 2) establishing a sitting posture human lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis finite element model; 3) establishing a sitting posture human body finite element model containing lumbar vertebra modeling; 4) and predicting intervertebral disc compression force, intervertebral disc internal pressure, annulus fibrosus stress and cartilage endplate stress of the sitting human body under the vertical vibration condition by using the sitting human body finite element model containing lumbar vertebra modeling. The method predicts the vibration response and lumbar biodynamics response of the human body, and has wide application prospect in the fields of human body biomechanics modeling, human body-seat system comfort research, biomedicine and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile passenger-seat systems, in particular to a human body finite element modeling method for predicting human body biomechanical response under vibration.
Background
The human body is in a whole body vibration environment for a long time, particularly, a professional driver is easy to cause lumbar spinal system diseases, the research on the biomechanical characteristics of the lumbar by an experimental method is difficult, and the study can be effectively assisted to understand the pathogenesis of the lumbar spinal system diseases by a finite element modeling method of the human body. Therefore, a biomechanical model which can be connected with the real anatomical structure of the human body is established, and the vibration response and the lumbar biodynamic response of the human body are predicted, so that the influence of vibration on the health and the comfort of the human body is understood and improved.
In the prior art, two research ideas for human body vibration response and lumbar vertebra dynamic response exist. One is to establish a sitting posture human body finite element model and predict the dynamic equivalent mass and the lumbar vertebra or head transfer function under the vibration condition. And the other method is to establish a local or integral finite element model of the lumbar of the human body, simplify the mass of the upper body of the human body into a mass point to be applied to the upper surface of the lumbar and research the biomechanical response of the lumbar under the vibration condition. The former mainly reflects the macroscopic vibration response of a human body, and the modeling details of the lumbar vertebra are not considered in the modeling process, so that the biodynamic response of the lumbar vertebra cannot be researched. The latter usually only establishes local or whole lumbar vertebrae for research, neglects the influence of soft tissues wrapped around the lumbar vertebrae on the stress of the lumbar vertebrae, and cannot well reflect the real biomechanical response characteristics of the lumbar vertebrae and the macroscopic vibration response of a human body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a human body finite element modeling method for predicting human body biomechanical response under vibration, which comprises the following steps:
1) and establishing a sitting posture human body finite element model based on the anatomical structure of the human body.
The sitting posture human body finite element model comprises a human head, an upper trunk, a lower trunk, a hip, thighs, calves and feet.
The thigh bone is simulated by a round pipe, and the hip and the thigh are of a smooth integrated structure. And all parts of the sitting posture human body finite element model are connected by adopting joints in a sagittal plane of a human body. The joint includes a hinge with stiffness and damping.
Tools for creating finite element models include HYPERWHORKS software.
2) Establishing a sitting posture human lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis finite element model and a seat and pedal finite element model.
The step of establishing the L1-pelvis finite element model comprises the following steps:
2.1) deriving lumbar vertebra L1-L5 model obj geometry files based on the human anatomy and anthropometry database provided by POSER software.
2.2) importing the lumbar vertebra L1-L5 model, obj geometry files into HYPERWHORKS for grid division, and establishing an L1-pelvis finite element model by combining with the pelvis finite element model.
2.3) material properties assigned to the lumbar vertebra L1-pelvic model.
3) And establishing a sitting posture human body finite element model containing lumbar vertebra modeling based on the sitting posture human body finite element model, the sitting posture human lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis finite element model and the seat and pedal finite element model.
The step of establishing a sitting posture human body finite element model containing lumbar vertebra modeling comprises the following steps:
and 3.1) combining the sitting posture human body finite element model, the sitting posture human lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis finite element model, the seat and pedal finite element model to obtain the sitting posture human body finite element model containing the lumbar vertebra modeling.
And 3.2) giving initial parameters of soft tissues and joints of all parts of the sitting posture human body finite element model including lumbar modeling, and determining the material density according to the mass proportion of all body segments of the human body.
4) And optimizing the sitting posture human body finite element model containing the lumbar vertebra modeling to obtain a sitting posture human body finite element optimization model.
The step of optimizing the sitting posture human body finite element model containing the lumbar vertebra modeling comprises the following steps:
and 4.1) applying random vertical vibration excitation to a sitting posture human body finite element model containing lumbar vertebra modeling, and outputting acceleration time domain data of the seat and the lumbar vertebra and time domain data of the driving point force of the human-seat contact interface.
4.2) calculating the dynamic equivalent mass, namely:
wherein AM (f) v represents a vertical dynamic equivalent mass, F (f) v and a0(f) Indicating the force spectrum and the acceleration spectrum of the contact surface between the human body and the seat in the vertical direction. Am (f) _ f denotes the front-rear cross-axis dynamic equivalent mass, and f (f) _ f denotes the force spectrum in the front-rear direction between the human body and the seat contact surface.
4.3) establishing a transfer function of the vibration from the human body-seat interface to different positions of the human body.
Wherein the transfer function of the vibration from the human-seat interface to the human lumbar is as follows:
wherein T (w) is the transfer function from the seat to L3, aL3(w) is the acceleration spectrum at lumbar vertebra L3, as(w) is the human-chair interface acceleration frequency spectrum.
4.4) calculating the root mean square error E (lambda) of the finite element simulation and measurement data, namely:
in the formula, DicAnd DimThe simulation data of the sitting posture human body finite element model respectively represent the dynamic equivalent mass and the lumbar vertebra transfer function sampled at the ith time, and the measurement data of the dynamic equivalent mass and the lumbar vertebra transfer function; n is the sampling frequency;
4.5) judging that the root mean square error E (lambda) is less than the threshold EminAnd (4) judging whether the human body is in a sitting posture, if not, entering the step 4.6), and if so, outputting a human body finite element optimization model in a sitting posture.
4.6) adjusting the joint rigidity and the joint damping parameters of the sitting posture human body finite element model and the Young modulus, Poisson ratio and damping coefficient of soft tissues, and returning to the step 4).
5) And predicting intervertebral disc compression force, intervertebral disc internal pressure, annulus fibrosus stress and cartilage endplate stress of the sitting posture human body under the vertical vibration condition by using the sitting posture human body finite element optimization model.
The technical effect of the invention is undoubted, and the invention provides a human body finite element modeling method for predicting human body biomechanical response under vibration, which predicts the vibration response and lumbar vertebra biomechanical response of a human body and has wide application prospect in the fields of human body biomechanical modeling, human body-seat system comfort research, biomedicine and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a Hybrid III collision dummy model and a sitting posture human finite element model obtained after modification.
FIG. 2 is a lumbar vertebra L1-L5 geometric model derived from POSER, a finite element model of the pelvis, and a lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis finite element model established by combining the two in HYPERWHORKS.
Figure 3 is a set up sitting human finite element model including a detailed lumbar modeling.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, a human finite element modeling method for predicting a biomechanical response of a human body under vibration includes the steps of:
1) a sitting posture human body finite element model is established in HYPERWHORKS software by referring to a Hybrid III collision dummy model and based on the anatomical structure of a human body.
The sitting posture human body finite element model comprises a human head, an upper trunk, a lower trunk, a hip, thighs, calves and feet.
The thigh bone is simulated by a round pipe, and the hip and the thigh are of a smooth integrated structure. And all parts of the sitting posture human body finite element model are connected by adopting joints in a sagittal plane of a human body. The joint includes a hinge with stiffness and damping.
Tools for creating finite element models include HYPERWHORKS software.
2) Establishing a sitting posture human lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis finite element model and a seat and pedal finite element model. The sitting human lumbar vertebra L1-pelvic finite element model was also optimized for segment motion, intradiscal pressure, and first order axial resonance frequency. The seat and pedal finite element model is a finite element model of two rigid plates.
The step of establishing the L1-pelvis finite element model comprises the following steps:
2.1) deriving lumbar vertebra L1-L5 model obj geometry files based on the human anatomy and anthropometry database provided by POSER software.
2.2) importing the lumbar vertebra L1-L5 model, obj geometry files into HYPERWHORKS for grid division, and establishing an L1-pelvis finite element model by combining with the pelvis finite element model.
2.3) material properties assigned to the lumbar vertebra L1-pelvic model.
3) And establishing a sitting posture human body finite element model containing lumbar vertebra modeling based on the sitting posture human body finite element model, the sitting posture human lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis finite element model and the seat and pedal finite element model.
The step of establishing a sitting posture human body finite element model containing lumbar vertebra modeling comprises the following steps:
and 3.1) combining the sitting posture human body finite element model, the sitting posture human lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis finite element model, the seat and pedal finite element model to obtain the sitting posture human body finite element model containing the lumbar vertebra modeling.
And 3.2) giving initial parameters of soft tissues and joints of all parts of the sitting posture human body finite element model including lumbar modeling, and determining the material density according to the mass proportion of all body segments of the human body.
4) And optimizing the sitting posture human body finite element model containing the lumbar vertebra modeling to obtain a sitting posture human body finite element optimization model.
The step of optimizing the sitting posture human body finite element model containing the lumbar vertebra modeling comprises the following steps:
4.1) applying random vertical vibration excitation to a sitting human body finite element model containing lumbar vertebra modeling, setting a keyword 'DATABASE _ HISTORY _ NODE' in HYPERWHORKS software to output acceleration time domain data of a seat and a lumbar vertebra, setting an RCFORC card under the keyword 'DATABASE _ GLSTAT' to output time domain data of a driving point force of a human-chair contact interface, processing the data in MATLAB software, and calculating dynamic equivalent mass and a lumbar vertebra transfer function.
4.2) the dynamic equivalent mass is defined as the frequency response function of the driving point force and the same point acceleration. When a sitting-posture human body without a backrest is subjected to vertical vibration, the expression of the dynamic equivalent mass is as follows:
wherein AM (f) v represents a vertical dynamic equivalent mass, F (f) v and a0(f) Indicating the force spectrum and the acceleration spectrum of the contact surface between the human body and the seat in the vertical direction. Am (f) _ f denotes the front-rear cross-axis dynamic equivalent mass, and f (f) _ f denotes the force spectrum in the front-rear direction between the human body and the seat contact surface.
4.3) establishing a transfer function of the vibration from the human body-seat interface to different positions of the human body.
The transfer function is defined as the complex ratio of the motion of the input and output positions, which represents how much vibration is transmitted from the human-seat interface to the different positions of the human body, e.g. the seat-to-lumbar L3 transfer function is defined as:
wherein T (w) is the transfer function from the seat to L3, aL3(w) is the acceleration spectrum at lumbar vertebra L3, as(w) is the human-chair interface acceleration frequency spectrum.
4.4) calculating the root mean square error E (lambda) of the finite element simulation and measurement data, namely:
in the formula, DcAnd DmThe data respectively represent the simulation data of the sitting posture human body finite element model of the dynamic equivalent mass and the lumbar vertebra transfer function, and the measurement data of the dynamic equivalent mass and the lumbar vertebra transfer function.
4.5) judging that the root mean square error E (lambda) is less than the threshold EminAnd (4) judging whether the human body is in a sitting posture, if not, entering the step 4.6), and if so, outputting a human body finite element optimization model in a sitting posture.
4.6) adjusting the joint rigidity and the joint damping parameters of the sitting posture human body finite element model and the Young modulus, Poisson ratio and damping coefficient of soft tissues, and returning to the step 4).
5) And predicting intervertebral disc compression force, intervertebral disc internal pressure, annulus fibrosus stress and cartilage endplate stress of the sitting posture human body under the vertical vibration condition by using the sitting posture human body finite element optimization model.
Wherein the disc compression force is output by setting ". DATABASE _ CROSS _ SECTION _ SET" and viewed at HYPERGRAPH; intradiscal pressure, annulus stress, and cartilage endplate stress were defined as mean values for modeling the respective component elements and can be viewed at HYPERVIEW.
Example 2:
a human finite element modeling method for predicting human biomechanical response under vibration includes the steps:
1) reasonably modifying a Hybrid III collision dummy model developed by LSTC (least squares test) to establish a sitting posture human body finite element model which is closer to the anatomical structure of a real human body;
the above model modification process is as follows:
1.1) determining the geometric structure of a sitting posture human finite element model by referring to a Hybrid III collision dummy model, wherein the geometric structure mainly comprises seven parts, namely a human head, an upper torso (comprising a hand, an arm and a chest), a lower torso, a hip, a thigh, a calf and a foot;
1.2) the model is modified based on the human anatomy characteristics, wherein the femur is simulated by a regular round tube, the hip and the thigh are adjusted to be a smooth and continuous structure, and the parts of the model are connected by joints (hinges with rigidity and damping) in the sagittal plane of the human body.
2) Establishing an L1-pelvis finite element model, obtaining a sitting posture human lumbar vertebra L1-L5 geometric model according to human anatomy and anthropometry data provided by POSER software, carrying out grid division in HYPERWHORKS software, establishing a lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis finite element model by combining with the pelvis finite element model, and verifying the model by using simulation and experimental data in documents;
2.1) deriving lumbar vertebra L1-L5 models based on a human anatomy and anthropometry database provided by POSER software, and obj geometric files;
2.2) importing the lumbar vertebra L1-L5 model and obj geometric files into HYPERWHORKS for grid division, and establishing a lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis finite element model by combining with the pelvis finite element model;
2.3) materials data in the reference to give L1-material properties of the pelvic model;
2.4) verification of the lumbar vertebra L1-pelvic finite element model using joint mobility, intradiscal pressure and first order axial resonance frequency data in the literature.
3) And combining the established L1-pelvis finite element model with the human body finite element model to establish a sitting posture human body finite element model containing lumbar vertebra detailed modeling. Applying vertical excitation to the model, verifying the model by using the dynamic equivalent mass and the experimental data of the lumbar transfer function, and manually adjusting human body parameters in the verification process;
3.1) modifying the finite element model of the human body and combining the finite element model of the human body with a lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis model;
3.2) modeling the rest parts of the model except the lower trunk, the hip and the thigh soft tissue by using a rigid body, and endowing the soft tissue and joint initial parameters of each part with research results in a reference document;
3.3) adjusting the density of the model material according to the mass proportion of each body segment of the body, and verifying the reasonability of the mass distribution of the model by using the mass of the body segments;
3.4) manually adjusting the model parameters by comparing the dynamic equivalent mass of a human body without a back sitting posture with the experimental results of the lumbar vertebra L3 and L5 transfer functions.
The fourth step: and predicting intervertebral disc compression force, intervertebral disc internal pressure, annulus fibrosus stress and cartilage endplate stress of the sitting human body under the vertical vibration condition based on the established sitting human body finite element model containing the lumbar vertebra modeling.
Example 3:
a human finite element modeling method for predicting human biomechanical response under vibration includes the steps:
1) a Hybrid III collision dummy model developed by LSTC is reasonably modified to establish a sitting posture human body finite element model which is closer to the anatomical structure of a real human body. Wherein, the human body is divided into seven parts of a head part, an upper trunk (comprising hands, arms and a chest), a lower trunk, a hip part, thighs, calves and feet; the thigh bone is simulated by a regular round tube, the hip and the thigh are adjusted to be a smooth and continuous structure, and all parts of the model are connected by joints (hinges with rigidity and damping) in the sagittal plane of the human body.
2) Establishing a lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis finite element model, obtaining a sitting posture human lumbar vertebra L1-L5 geometric model according to the human anatomy and anthropometry data provided by POSER software, carrying out grid division in HYPERWHORKS software, establishing a lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis finite element model by combining with the pelvis finite element model, and verifying the model. Among these, lumbar vertebra L1-pelvic material was from the reference and was validated against the lumbar vertebra L1-pelvic model using joint mobility, intra-discal pressure, and first order axial resonance frequency.
3) And combining the established lumbar finite element model with the human body finite element model to establish a sitting posture human body finite element model containing lumbar detailed modeling. And applying vertical random vibration excitation to the model, and solving the model. Verifying the model by using the dynamic equivalent mass and the lumbar transfer function experimental data, and manually adjusting human body parameters in the verification process;
4) and predicting intervertebral disc compression force, intervertebral disc internal pressure, annulus fibrosus stress and cartilage endplate stress of the sitting human body under the vertical vibration condition based on the established sitting human body finite element model containing the lumbar vertebra modeling.
Claims (7)
1. A human finite element modeling method for predicting human biomechanical response under vibration, comprising the steps of:
1) and establishing the sitting posture human body finite element model based on the anatomical structure of the human body.
2) Establishing a sitting posture human lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis finite element model and a seat and pedal finite element model;
3) establishing a sitting posture human body finite element model containing lumbar vertebra modeling based on a sitting posture human body finite element model, a sitting posture human lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis finite element model and a seat and pedal finite element model;
4) optimizing the sitting posture human body finite element model containing the lumbar vertebra modeling to obtain a sitting posture human body finite element optimization model;
6) and predicting intervertebral disc compression force, intervertebral disc internal pressure, annulus fibrosus stress and cartilage endplate stress of the sitting posture human body under the vertical vibration condition by using the sitting posture human body finite element optimization model.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sitting human finite element model comprises a human head, an upper torso, a lower torso, a hip, a thigh, a calf, and a foot.
3. The finite element modeling method for human body under vibration prediction as claimed in claim 2 wherein the femur is simulated with a round tube and the hip and thigh are smooth and integral; all parts of the sitting posture human body finite element model are connected by joints in a sagittal plane of a human body; the joint includes a hinge with stiffness and damping.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of establishing an L1-pelvic finite element model comprises:
1) deriving lumbar vertebra L1-L5 models, obj geometric files based on a human anatomy and anthropometry database provided by POSER software;
2) importing the lumbar vertebra L1-L5 model obj geometry file into HYPERWHORKS for meshing, and combining with a pelvis finite element model to establish an L1-pelvis finite element model.
3) Material properties were assigned to the lumbar vertebra L1-pelvic model.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of creating a sitting human finite element model comprising lumbar modeling comprises:
1) combining the sitting posture human body finite element model with the sitting posture human lumbar vertebra L1-pelvis finite element model and the seat and pedal finite element model to obtain the sitting posture human body finite element model containing the lumbar vertebra modeling;
2) giving initial parameters of soft tissues and joints of all parts of a sitting posture human body finite element model including lumbar modeling, and determining material density according to the mass proportion of all body sections of a human body.
6. The method of finite element modeling in humans for predicting biomechanical responses under vibration of claim 1, wherein said means for modeling finite elements comprises HYPERWHORKS software.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of optimizing a sitting human finite element model comprising lumbar modeling comprises:
1) applying random vertical vibration excitation to a sitting posture human body finite element model including lumbar vertebra modeling, and outputting acceleration time domain data of a seat and lumbar vertebra and time domain data of a driving point force of a human-seat contact interface;
2) calculating the dynamic equivalent mass, namely:
wherein AM (f) v represents a vertical dynamic equivalent mass, F (f) v and a0(f) The force spectrum and the acceleration spectrum in the vertical direction between the contact surface of the human body and the seat are represented; AM (f) is the dynamic equivalent mass of the front and back crossed axes, F (f) is the force spectrum between the human body and the contact surface of the seat in the front and back directions;
3) establishing a transfer function of the vibration transmitted from the human body-seat contact surface to different positions of the human body;
wherein the transfer function of the vibration from the human-seat interface to the human lumbar is as follows:
wherein T (w) is the transfer function from the seat to L3, aL3(w) is the acceleration spectrum at lumbar vertebra L3, as(w) is the human-chair interface acceleration frequency spectrum.
4) Calculating the root mean square error E (lambda) of the finite element simulation and measurement data, namely:
in the formula, DicAnd DimSitting posture human body limitation respectively representing dynamic equivalent mass and lumbar transfer function of ith samplingMeta-model simulation data, dynamic equivalent mass and lumbar transfer function measurement data; n is the sampling frequency;
5) judging whether the root mean square error E (lambda) is less than the threshold value EminIf not, entering the step 6), and if so, outputting a sitting posture human body finite element optimization model;
6) adjusting the joint rigidity and the joint damping parameters of the sitting posture human body finite element model and the Young modulus, Poisson ratio and damping coefficient of soft tissues, and returning to the step 4).
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| CN116822379B (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-11-24 | 中汽研汽车检验中心（天津）有限公司 | Human body model simulation degree evaluation method based on biomechanics simulation limit curve |
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