CN114019133A - Coal quality slagging characteristic comprehensive judgment method based on judgment index - Google Patents

Coal quality slagging characteristic comprehensive judgment method based on judgment index Download PDF

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CN114019133A
CN114019133A CN202111321011.6A CN202111321011A CN114019133A CN 114019133 A CN114019133 A CN 114019133A CN 202111321011 A CN202111321011 A CN 202111321011A CN 114019133 A CN114019133 A CN 114019133A
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slagging
ash
compressed air
coal
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CN114019133B (en
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王静杰
陈坚强
庞振洲
郑帅勇
王明昊
李伟
贾庚
孙长鑫
王广猛
翟胜兵
刘建宏
赵育松
张铃卜
郭秀娟
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Huadian Xinjiang Hami Coal Power Development Co ltd
Harbin Boiler Co Ltd
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Huadian Xinjiang Hami Coal Power Development Co ltd
Harbin Boiler Co Ltd
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Abstract

A comprehensive judgment method for coal slagging property based on a judgment index. The invention relates to the technical field of coal slagging analysis, in particular to a comprehensive judgment method for coal slagging characteristics based on a judgment index. The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing slagging index has low coal slagging prediction accuracy and poor resolution ratio in coal quality slagging judgment and is difficult to provide theoretical guidance for a coal-fired boiler. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, measuring the deformation temperature in the fusion characteristic of coal sample ash to be measured; secondly, calculating the ratio of alkali to acid; thirdly, calculating the relative weight of ash and slag of the coal sample ash to be measured by a formula; fourthly, carrying out an ash adhesion test, and defining the test as a blowing grade index; and fifthly, constructing a slagging property judgment index and carrying out comprehensive slagging property evaluation. The method is used for comprehensively judging the coal slagging property.

Description

Coal quality slagging characteristic comprehensive judgment method based on judgment index
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal slagging analysis, in particular to a comprehensive judgment method for coal slagging characteristics based on a judgment index.
Background
The slagging of the utility boiler is an important problem which endangers the safe and economic operation of the boiler and the availability of the unit, particularly, the slagging of the boiler seems to be more prominent along with the continuous increase of the installed capacity of the thermal power in recent years, so that the research and prediction of the slagging degree of the coal have important significance for the safe and efficient operation of the boiler.
Slagging in a furnace (hearth) of a coal-fired boiler is a complex physical and chemical process, has more factors influencing slagging, is related to slagging characteristics such as ash melting point, ash component, ash viscosity and the like, is also related to operation working conditions such as flue gas temperature, flue gas component and the like, and currently judges the slagging property of coal in ChinaCommon indicators include: silicon to aluminum ratio (SiO)2/Al2O3) Silicon ratio G, alkali-acid ratio (B/A), iron-calcium ratio (Fe)2O3CaO), composite index Rs, ash softening temperature t2And the like.
However, researches find that the conventional slagging indexes have low coal slagging prediction accuracy and poor resolution ratio in coal quality slagging evaluation, and are difficult to provide theoretical guidance for coal-fired boilers. The conventional indexes usually only consider the influence of one or more ash components on the slag bonding property, and only depend on the criterion of the ash components, so that the combustion condition of the actual boiler pulverized coal is difficult to be completely and truly reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing slagging index judgment coal quality slagging prediction is low in accuracy and poor in resolution and is difficult to provide theoretical guidance for a coal burning boiler, and provides a comprehensive judgment method for coal quality slagging characteristics based on a judgment index.
The invention relates to a coal quality slagging characteristic comprehensive judgment method based on a judgment index, which comprises the following steps of:
step one, measuring deformation temperature T in fusion characteristics of coal sample ash to be measuredDT
Step two, measuring the content of alkaline oxide and acidic oxide in the coal sample ash to be measured, and calculating the alkaline-acid ratio RBA
Thirdly, measuring the weight of the ash residue on the slagging rod through a slagging test, and calculating by a formula to obtain the relative weight X of the ash residue of the coal sample ash to be measureds
Step four, carrying out ash adhesion test on the slagging rod in the step three by using the slagging characteristic determination device to obtain the compressed air volume flow, the compressed air nozzle speed and the ash weight loss ratio, then grading the ash cohesiveness degree on the slagging rod according to the compressed air volume flow, the compressed air nozzle speed and the ash weight loss ratio, and defining the grading degree as a blowing grade index SwThe caking property of the ash can be judged;
step five, according to the deformation temperature TDTThe ratio of base to acid RBARelative weight of ash XsAnd purge class designationNumber SwConstruction of slag formation characteristic judging index SCiAnd evaluating comprehensive slagging characteristics.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention relates to a comprehensive judgment method for coal slagging characteristics, which mainly takes the coal slagging characteristics into comprehensive consideration according to coal sample ash fusion characteristics, alkali-acid ratio analysis, ash relative weight and ash blowing grade indexes to form a quantifiable slagging characteristic judgment index SCi to judge the slagging severity degree of coal.
2. The method for judging the slagging property of the coal quality quantifies the slagging degree of the coal quality by numerical values, has high accuracy and realizes the quantitative comparison of the slagging property of the coal quality.
3. The invention is suitable for different types of coal such as lignite, bituminous coal, anthracite and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a slag formation property determination device.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the comprehensive judgment method for the coal slagging property based on the judgment index comprises the following steps of:
step one, measuring deformation temperature T in fusion characteristics of coal sample ash to be measuredDT
Step two, measuring the content of alkaline oxide and acidic oxide in the coal sample ash to be measured, and calculating the alkaline-acid ratio RBA
Thirdly, measuring the weight of the ash residue on the slagging rod through a slagging test, and calculating by a formula to obtain the relative weight X of the ash residue of the coal sample ash to be measureds
Step four, carrying out ash adhesion test on the slagging rod in the step three by using the slagging characteristic determination device to obtain the compressed air volume flow, the compressed air nozzle speed and the ash weight loss ratio, then grading the ash cohesiveness degree on the slagging rod according to the compressed air volume flow, the compressed air nozzle speed and the ash weight loss ratio, and defining the grading degree as a blowing grade index SwThe caking property of the ash can be judged;
step fiveAccording to the deformation temperature TDTThe ratio of base to acid RBARelative weight of ash XsAnd purge rating index SwConstruction of slag formation characteristic judging index SCiAnd evaluating comprehensive slagging characteristics.
The deformation temperature in the melting characteristic of the coal sample ash to be measured in the first step of the embodiment is measured according to GB/T219-2008.
In the second step of the embodiment, the content of the alkaline oxide and the acidic oxide in the coal sample ash to be measured is measured according to GB/T1574-2007; ratio of alkali to acid RBAThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows: rBAThe sum of the masses of the basic oxides/the sum of the masses of the acidic oxides.
In the third step of the present embodiment, the slag formation test was performed with reference to DL/T1106-2009.
Slag characteristic determination index SC in the present embodimentiThe larger the value of (A), the more serious the degree of the clogging of the coal.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: in the second step, the basic oxide is Fe2O3、CaO、MgO、Na2O and K2One or a mixture of several of O; the acidic oxide is SiO2、Al2O3And TiO2One or a mixture of several of them. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: and in the slagging test in the third step, a slagging rod is arranged in a main combustion area in a hearth through a small one-dimensional furnace test bed, slagging is carried out on coal sample ash to be tested under the condition that the temperature is 1200 ℃, and the slagging rod is taken out after the test lasts for 20 min. The others are the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the first to third embodiment modes is: the technological parameters of the small one-dimensional furnace test bed are as follows: the volumetric heat load is 160kw/m2The primary air rate is 40%, the primary air temperature is 150 ℃, the secondary air rate is 60% and the secondary air temperature is 300 ℃. Others with specific embodimentsThe first to third embodiments are the same.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: the formula in step three is as follows:
Figure BDA0003345160710000031
wherein XsRelative weight of ash; m isSlagThe weight of the ash on the slagging rod is g; aad/100 is the coal sample ash to be detected air drying base ash content, the unit is%; t is test time in min; m isCoal (coal)The unit is g/min for powder feeding. The rest is the same as one of the first to fourth embodiments.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is: in the slagging test in the third step, the ash on the slagging rod is swept by using 0.2MPa compressed air, and the sweeping data and the ash weight loss under different compressed air flows are recorded in real time. The rest is the same as one of the first to fifth embodiments.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is: the slagging property determination device in the fourth step consists of a frame upper end cover 1, a frame lower end base 2, a compressed air inlet 3 and an exhaust hole 4; one end of a slagging rod 5 is arranged in a groove at the left end of a base 2 at the lower end of the frame, the other end of the slagging rod 5 is arranged in a groove at the right end of the base 2 at the lower end of the frame, and meanwhile, left and right grooves of an upper end cover 1 of the frame are in one-to-one correspondence with left and right grooves of the base 2 at the lower end of the frame, and the upper end cover 1 of the frame is connected with the base 2 at the lower end of the frame through bolts; the upper end cover 1 of the frame is provided with a compressed air inlet hole 3 and is connected with a compressed air source through a pipeline, the air outlet position of the compressed air inlet hole 3 is above the slagging rod 5, and a pressure reducing valve, a pressure gauge and a flowmeter are arranged on the pipeline; a plurality of exhaust holes 4 are uniformly distributed on four sides of the base 2 at the lower end of the frame, and filter paper is arranged at the exhaust holes 4. The rest is the same as one of the first to sixth embodiments.
According to the embodiment, the blowing condition under different compressed air flow rates can be recorded in real time through the camera, the ash weight on the slagging rod is weighed through the electronic balance, and the ash weight loss under different compressed air flow rates is obtained.
The embodiment ensures that the compressed air with stable pressure and flow is provided through the pressure reducing valve, the pressure meter and the flow meter.
In the embodiment, the filter paper is arranged at the exhaust hole, so that the compressed air can be discharged, but the ash can not pass through, and the flow of the compressed air in the device is maintained.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to seventh embodiments in that: in the fourth step, when the volume flow of the compressed air is 5L/min, the speed of a compressed air nozzle is 2.95m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is more than 30 percent, and the blowing grade index SwIs grade 1;
when the volume flow of compressed air is 5L/min, the speed of a compressed air nozzle is 2.95m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is 0-30%, or the volume flow of compressed air is 20L/min, the speed of the compressed air nozzle is 11.79m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is more than 30%, and the blowing grade index S iswIs 2 grade;
when the volume flow of compressed air is 20L/min, the speed of a compressed air nozzle is 11.79m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is 0-30%, or the volume flow of compressed air is 40L/min, the speed of the compressed air nozzle is 23.58m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is more than 30%, and the purging grade index SwGrade 3;
when the volume flow of compressed air is 40L/min, the speed of a compressed air nozzle is 23.58m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is 0-30%, or the volume flow of compressed air is 60L/min, the speed of the compressed air nozzle is 35.37m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is more than 30%, and the purging grade index SwGrade 4;
when the volume flow of compressed air is 60L/min, the speed of a compressed air nozzle is 35.37m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is 0-30%, or the volume flow of compressed air is 80L/min, the speed of the compressed air nozzle is 47.16m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is more than 30%, and the blowing grade index S isw Grade 5;
when the volume flow rate of the compressed air is 80L/min, and the jet speed of the compressed air is 47.16m/S, ash weight loss ratio of 0-30%, or compressed air volume flow of 100L/min, compressed air nozzle speed of 58.95m/S, ash weight loss ratio of more than 30%, and purging grade index SwGrade 6;
when the volume flow of compressed air is 100L/min, the speed of a compressed air nozzle is 58.95m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is 0-30%, and the purging grade index SwIs 7 grades. The rest is the same as one of the first to seventh embodiments.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment differs from the first to eighth embodiments in that: step five slag characteristic judgment index SCiThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003345160710000041
wherein SCiDetermining an index for the slagging property; xsRelative weight of ash; t is the test smoke temperature corresponding to ash, and the unit is; t isDTIs the deformation temperature in units of; rBAThe ratio of alkali to acid; swIs the purge rating index. The rest is the same as the first to eighth embodiments.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to ninth embodiments in that: the coal quality slagging characteristic judgment standard is as follows: SC (Single chip computer)iMore than or equal to 0.9 is seriously slag-bonding; SC is more than or equal to 0.6iLess than 0.9 is highly slagging; SC is more than or equal to 0.3iLess than 0.6 is moderate slagging; SC (Single chip computer)iAnd slight slagging is less than 0.3. The rest is the same as one of the first to ninth embodiments.
Example (b):
obtaining coal samples in a certain mining area in Xinjiang according to GB 475 plus 2008 manual coal sample collection method, and measuring the deformation temperature T according to GB/T219-2008 coal ash meltability measurement methodDTAt 1146 ℃, the content of the alkaline oxide in the ash component is 16.19 percent and the content of the acidic oxide is 73.12 percent according to GB/T1574 and 2007 coal ash component analysis method, and the alkaline-acid ratio R is calculated according to the ash componentBA0.22, then through a small one-dimensional furnace with reference to DL/T1106-2009Carrying out slagging test on the test bed to obtain a slagging rod, and calculating the relative weight X of ash according to a related calculation formulas0.04, then carrying out ash blowing test by using a slagging characteristic determination device, measuring that the ash weight loss ratio of the coal ash is 2.5% under the blowing of 0.2MPa and 100L/min compressed air, and the blowing grade index Sw is 7, and finally calculating the slagging characteristic determination index SC according to a related calculation formulai0.64, belonging to high slagging.

Claims (10)

1. The comprehensive judgment method for the coal slagging property based on the judgment index is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, measuring deformation temperature T in fusion characteristics of coal sample ash to be measuredDT
Step two, measuring the content of alkaline oxide and acidic oxide in the coal sample ash to be measured, and calculating the alkaline-acid ratio RBA
Thirdly, measuring the weight of the ash residue on the slagging rod through a slagging test, and calculating by a formula to obtain the relative weight X of the ash residue of the coal sample ash to be measureds
Step four, carrying out ash adhesion test on the slagging rod in the step three by using the slagging characteristic determination device to obtain the compressed air volume flow, the compressed air nozzle speed and the ash weight loss ratio, then grading the ash cohesiveness degree on the slagging rod according to the compressed air volume flow, the compressed air nozzle speed and the ash weight loss ratio, and defining the grading degree as a blowing grade index SwThe caking property of the ash can be judged;
step five, according to the deformation temperature TDTThe ratio of base to acid RBARelative weight of ash XsAnd purge rating index SwConstruction of slag formation characteristic judging index SCiAnd evaluating comprehensive slagging characteristics.
2. The comprehensive judgment method for coal slagging property based on judgment index as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step two, the basic oxide is Fe2O3、CaO、MgO、Na2O and K2One or a mixture of several of O; the acidic oxide is SiO2、Al2O3And TiO2One or a mixture of several of them.
3. The comprehensive coal slagging characteristic determination method based on the determination index as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in the slagging test in the third step, a slagging rod is arranged in a main combustion area in a hearth through a small one-dimensional furnace test bed, slagging is carried out on coal sample ash to be measured under the condition that the temperature is 1200 ℃, and the slagging rod is taken out after the test lasts for 20 min.
4. The comprehensive judgment method for the coal slagging property based on the judgment index as claimed in claim 3, wherein the process parameters of the small-sized one-dimensional furnace test bed are set as follows: the volumetric heat load is 160kw/m2The primary air rate is 40%, the primary air temperature is 150 ℃, the secondary air rate is 60% and the secondary air temperature is 300 ℃.
5. The comprehensive judgment method for the coal slagging property based on the judgment index as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formula in step three is as follows:
Figure FDA0003345160700000011
wherein XsRelative weight of ash; m isSlagThe weight of the ash on the slagging rod is g; aad/100 is the coal sample ash to be detected air drying base ash content, the unit is%; t is test time in min; m isCoal (coal)The unit is g/min for powder feeding.
6. The comprehensive coal slagging characteristic determination method based on the determination index as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in the slagging test in step three, the ash on the slagging rod is purged by using 0.2MPa compressed air, and the purging data and the ash weight loss under different compressed air flow rates are recorded in real time.
7. The comprehensive judgment method for the coal slagging property based on the judgment index according to claim 1, wherein the slagging property judgment device in the fourth step is composed of a frame upper end cover (1), a frame lower end base (2), a compressed air inlet (3) and an exhaust hole (4); one end of a slagging rod (5) is arranged in a groove at the left end of a base (2) at the lower end of the frame, the other end of the slagging rod (5) is arranged in a groove at the right end of the base (2) at the lower end of the frame, and meanwhile, left and right grooves of an upper end cover (1) of the frame are in one-to-one correspondence with left and right grooves of the base (2) at the lower end of the frame, and the upper end cover (1) of the frame is connected with the base (2) at the lower end of the frame through bolts; the upper end cover (1) of the frame is provided with a compressed air inlet hole (3) and is connected with a compressed air source through a pipeline, the air outlet position of the compressed air inlet hole (3) is above the slagging rod (5), and a pressure reducing valve, a pressure gauge and a flowmeter are arranged on the pipeline; four sides equipartition of frame lower extreme base (2) have a plurality of exhaust holes (4), exhaust hole (4) department sets up filter paper.
8. The comprehensive coal slagging characteristic determination method based on the determination index as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, when the volume flow of the compressed air is 5L/min, the nozzle speed of the compressed air is 2.95m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is more than 30%, and the purging grade index S iswIs grade 1;
when the volume flow of compressed air is 5L/min, the speed of a compressed air nozzle is 2.95m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is 0-30%, or the volume flow of compressed air is 20L/min, the speed of the compressed air nozzle is 11.79m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is more than 30%, and the blowing grade index S iswIs 2 grade;
when the volume flow of compressed air is 20L/min, the speed of a compressed air nozzle is 11.79m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is 0-30%, or the volume flow of compressed air is 40L/min, the speed of the compressed air nozzle is 23.58m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is more than 30%, and the purging grade index SwGrade 3;
when the volume flow of the compressed air is 40L/min, the air is compressedThe speed of an air nozzle is 23.58m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is 0-30%, or the volume flow of compressed air is 60L/min, the speed of the compressed air nozzle is 35.37m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is more than 30%, and the purging grade index SwGrade 4;
when the volume flow of compressed air is 60L/min, the speed of a compressed air nozzle is 35.37m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is 0-30%, or the volume flow of compressed air is 80L/min, the speed of the compressed air nozzle is 47.16m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is more than 30%, and the blowing grade index S iswGrade 5;
when the volume flow of compressed air is 80L/min, the speed of a compressed air nozzle is 47.16m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is 0-30%, or the volume flow of compressed air is 100L/min, the speed of the compressed air nozzle is 58.95m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is more than 30%, and the blowing grade index S iswGrade 6;
when the volume flow of compressed air is 100L/min, the speed of a compressed air nozzle is 58.95m/S, the ash weight loss ratio is 0-30%, and the purging grade index SwIs 7 grades.
9. The comprehensive judgment method for the coal slagging property based on the judgment index as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slagging property judgment index SC in the fifth stepiThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003345160700000031
wherein SCiDetermining an index for the slagging property; xsRelative weight of ash; t is the test smoke temperature corresponding to ash, and the unit is; t isDTIs the deformation temperature in units of; rBAThe ratio of alkali to acid; swIs the purge rating index.
10. The comprehensive judgment method for the coal slagging property based on the judgment index according to claim 9, wherein the judgment standard for the coal slagging property is as follows: SC (Single chip computer)iMore than or equal to 0.9 is seriously slag-bonding; SC is more than or equal to 0.6iLess than 0.9 is highly slagging; SC is more than or equal to 0.3iLess than 0.6 is moderate slagging; SC (Single chip computer)iAnd slight slagging is less than 0.3.
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