CN114019096A

CN114019096A - Forest soil data acquisition device and method

Info

Publication number: CN114019096A
Application number: CN202111127993.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周梦丽
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-09-26
Filing date: 2021-09-26
Publication date: 2022-02-08

Abstract

The invention discloses a forest soil data acquisition device and a forest soil data acquisition method, which relate to the technical field of soil detection and comprise a support column, a box body and a flight carrier, wherein a pre-sampling assembly used for primary soil sampling is installed at the support column part, an accurate sampling assembly used for secondary sampling of the pre-sampling assembly is installed at the box body part, a partition plate is arranged at the bottom end inside the box body, a working cavity is arranged inside the box body above the partition plate, and a servo assembly used for picking up a sampling sample is also installed at the box body part. The forest environment can be monitored in real time through the acquisition module with various sensors connected with the controller in the control cabinet, the self skew and inclination condition and the safety performance of the equipment can be monitored in real time through the vibration module, and the forest environment can be transmitted through the wireless communication module and the near field communication module, so that the forest soil related information can be conveniently acquired for use, and the forest environment monitoring system is favorable for long-term outdoor installation and use of the equipment.

Description

Forest soil data acquisition device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, in particular to a forest soil data acquisition device.

Background

Soil is used as a basic component of a surface system of the earth, plays an important role in storing nutrients, maintaining plant growth, conserving water sources, stabilizing and buffering environmental changes and the like, and a forest is a biological community taking woody plants as a main body, is a concentrated interdependence and mutual restriction between trees and other plants, animals, microorganisms and soil, and mutually affects with the environment, so that the formed overall ecological system has rich species, complex structure and various functions, is known as the lung of the earth, and has important significance for perfecting a regional soil attribute database in the forest and disclosing the soil spatial distribution rule by adopting a scientific and normative investigation and monitoring method to obtain attribute information of systems such as soil physics, chemistry and biology and the like, and is also an important basis for model optimization or parameter localization.

At present, the main problems of the existing forest soil data acquisition are that the forest area is wide, the human resources are limited, the labor intensity is high due to long-distance travel, the working efficiency is low, and an apparatus which can help scientific research personnel to perform forest soil data acquisition and sample acquisition in real time is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a forest soil data acquisition device to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a forest soil data acquisition device comprises a support column, a box body and a flying carrier, wherein a pre-sampling assembly used for primary soil sampling is mounted at the position of the support column, an accurate sampling assembly used for secondary sampling of the pre-sampling assembly is mounted at the position of the box body, a partition plate is arranged at the bottom end of the interior of the box body, a working cavity is arranged in the box body above the partition plate, and a servo assembly used for picking up a sampling sample is further mounted at the position of the box body;

the pre-sampling assembly comprises a sliding seat which is connected to the outer side of the supporting column in a sliding manner, the sliding seat can move in a lifting manner, a connecting sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the sliding seat in a sliding manner and can rotate, a connecting plate is hinged to the outer side of the connecting sleeve, one end, far away from the connecting sleeve, of the connecting plate is connected with a sampling head in a sliding manner, and a first motor for driving the connecting plate to overturn for use is mounted at the position of a hinged shaft of the connecting plate and the connecting sleeve;

the accurate sampling assembly comprises a mounting seat arranged above the partition plate in a sliding manner, a rotary table is arranged on the mounting seat, a pair of clamping pieces are symmetrically arranged at the edge position of the outer side wall of the rotary table close to one side of the pre-sampling assembly, an auger used for cleaning a sampling head is further arranged on the rotary table between the two clamping pieces, the bottom end of the rotary table extends to the position below the partition plate, and an opening used for the rotary table to move is formed in the partition plate;

the servo assembly comprises a moving platform horizontally arranged on one side of the turntable, a rotating platform used for berthing a flying carrier is arranged at one end of the moving platform, a clamping part used for picking up a sample container is arranged on the flying carrier, a manual placing table is arranged at the top of the moving platform on one side of the rotating platform, a limiting groove is arranged at the top of the manual placing table, a pressing plate used for pressing the flying carrier and the manual placing table is arranged in the box body, a first electric telescopic rod used for driving the pressing plate to lift is arranged at the top of the pressing plate, a mounting plate is arranged at the output end of the first electric telescopic rod, a buffer spring is arranged between the pressing plate and the mounting plate, and a wireless charging transmitting coil used for charging the flying carrier is arranged in the pressing plate;

the utility model discloses a wireless communication device, including box, the box internally mounted has the switch board, still install on the box and be used for with the power module that uses of electrical apparatus power supply, the input electric connection of switch board internal control ware has collection module, collection module utilizes sensor detection environment data and carries to the controller, still be equipped with on the controller and be used for the storage module of data file use, with the wireless communication module and the near field communication module of external equipment communication use and the vibrations detection module of self safety condition monitoring use.

Preferably, the bottom of the moving platform is provided with a translation seat for installing a rotating platform, a second motor is installed inside the translation seat, the output end of the second motor is connected with the rotating platform, a pair of parallel slide bars are symmetrically installed inside the box body on two sides of the translation seat, the slide bars penetrate through the translation seat and are arranged, a second electric telescopic rod for driving the translation seat to move and use is installed inside the box body, the side wall of the box body at the same height position of the moving platform is provided with an inlet and an outlet, a first strip-shaped photoelectric sensor for determining the angle of the flying carrier is horizontally arranged at the top of the moving platform below the rotating platform, the rotating platform is made of transparent materials, a second strip-shaped photoelectric sensor for determining the position of the flying carrier is installed on the inner wall of the box body, and the output ends of the second strip-shaped photoelectric sensor and the first strip-shaped photoelectric sensor are electrically connected with an internal controller of the control cabinet through wires, one side of the bottom end of the flight carrier is provided with a first light source arranged corresponding to the first strip-shaped photoelectric sensor, and one side of the side wall of the flight carrier is provided with a second light source arranged corresponding to the second strip-shaped photoelectric sensor.

Preferably, the internally mounted of support column has the motor three that is used for driving the slide and goes up and down to use, run through on the support column of three below of motor and arranged the spout, the output of motor three extends to the spout inside and installs the screw rod through the bearing, the inboard of slide extends to the spout inside and is equipped with the connecting block that the screw rod outside was located to the cover, and the connecting block inboard runs through have with the internal thread hole of screw rod looks adaptation, the top of slide still installs the motor four that is used for driving the rotatory use of adapter sleeve, the gear is installed to the output of motor four, and is equipped with the teeth of a cogwheel with gear engaged with on the adapter sleeve.

Preferably, the sampling head includes a pair of guide bar one, two of horizontal welding on the connecting plate the cover is equipped with the sliding sleeve between the outside of guide bar one, the vertical downward motor five of installing in top of sliding sleeve, the output of motor five extends to the sliding sleeve below and is connected with the sampling pipe, and installs electric telescopic handle three between sliding sleeve and the connecting plate.

Preferably, the baffle top symmetrical arrangement of mount pad both sides has a pair of guide bar two, two guide bar two all runs through the mount pad and arranges, and is equipped with the slide opening with guide bar looks adaptation on the mount pad, the internally mounted of mount pad has the motor six that is used for driving the carousel and rotates the use, and installs at the baffle top and be used for driving the mount pad and remove the electric telescopic handle four that uses.

Preferably, the clamping member is a mechanical claw or a three-jaw chuck.

Preferably, the vibration detection module comprises an inclination displacement sensor and a vibration sensor which are electrically connected to the controller in the control cabinet.

Preferably, a camera is installed at the top of the box body.

Preferably, a drying component is installed inside the working cavity, and the drying component is a hot air blower.

A forest soil data acquisition method comprises the following steps:

s1: the equipment installation, carry on the equipment installation in the appropriate place of forest, should adopt the way of installing and perforating to fix on the ground while installing the equipment, namely adopt the perforating equipment to drill on the ground according to actual quantity and interval of the support column 4, avoid influencing the soil ecological environment of the installation site as far as possible, and choose the comparatively smooth area of ground to install as far as possible while installing the equipment, facilitate the apparatus self-running use while following random sampling, in order to increase the outdoor installation stability of the equipment, can increase the fixed mode properly, such as the mode of drawing or supporting is strengthened, choose the use of the power module 2 according to the regional actual situation of forest while installing, can choose the form of the solar photovoltaic board to supply power when the illumination is sufficient, can choose the wind-driven generator set to supply power when the wind energy is sufficient, can also choose the thermoelectric generator to generate electricity when the difference of temperature is great inside and outside the soil, firstly, supplying power by connecting with a mains supply or adding a fuel power station to integrally supply power for a plurality of devices in the whole forest area;

s2: the method comprises the steps of monitoring environmental information in real time, collecting relevant information of forest region parts including soil, air and animals and plants by using a collection module, specifically, additionally arranging a corresponding sensor for data collection according to needs, detecting the self condition of equipment by using a vibration detection module, monitoring the surrounding environment of the equipment in real time by using a camera, regularly using a wireless communication module to wirelessly transmit monitored data in the monitoring process, and when vibration occurs or the equipment is inclined, the data detected by the equipment vibration detection module exceeds a preset value, and automatically controlling the wireless communication module to transmit signals by using a controller in a control cabinet, so that scientific research personnel can know the self condition of the equipment conveniently;

s3: soil sampling and information pick up, regularly carry out sample collection on the spot to forest soil, and the soil sampling mode of picking up divide into and utilizes the flight carrier to carry out remote control to pick up or artifical picking on the spot, and equipment is sampled in advance automatically during the sampling, and sampling time control sends the sample command by scientific research personnel remote control in advance, once takes a sample in advance: inside controller control motor of switch board drives the connecting plate and overturns, 90 degrees upset make sample head position perpendicular to ground arrange, four drive adapter sleeves and sample head angle of adjustment of motor, the final sample position of position determination of the three flexible adjustment sample heads of electric telescopic handle, three corotation of motor drive connecting block after confirming the position, the adapter sleeve descends with the sample head is whole, the five drive sampling pipe rotations of decline in-process motor conveniently get into soil, three reversals of motor drive sample head position rise, four and three resets with electric telescopic handle, the motor drives connecting plate upset 90 degrees after resetting and resets, the opening of sampling pipe bottom is just arranging one of them holder on the carousel this moment, the accurate sample of secondary: just to the centre gripping on the holder of sampling pipe there is sample container, and idle on another holder, and sample container this moment just arranges sampling pipe axle center, and the carousel carries out the secondary sampling to sampling pipe one side translation, the sample container that utilizes the centre gripping to the inside soil of sampling pipe, keeps sample container inserted state after the sample, and moving platform moving as a whole goes out to import and export and waits for flight carrier or scientific research personnel to arrive, and the sample picks up: when the flying carrier arrives, the flying carrier is parked on the rotary platform, the empty-load sample container carried on the flying carrier is controlled to be approximately aligned with one side of the rotary table, the flying carrier is automatically aligned, the position of the flying carrier is determined by utilizing the mode that the first light source on the flying carrier is aligned with the first strip-shaped photoelectric sensor and the second light source is aligned with the second strip-shaped photoelectric sensor, the empty-load sample container carried at the bottom of the flying carrier is clamped by the other clamping piece on the rotary table, the whole rotary table moves back and back again, the sampling head part is turned over and reset, the positions of the two clamping pieces are adjusted and exchanged by rotating the rotary table for 180 degrees, the empty-load sample container is used for next sampling, the sample container with the sample is aligned with the clamping part on the flying carrier, the sample is carried back after being fixed by the clamping part, and the empty-load sample container is directly placed in the limiting groove during manual operation, when the device is operated manually or the flying carrier is operated, the near field transmission of data can be carried out according to the requirement by utilizing the NFC function, the sample container can be pressed and fixed by the pressing plate in the sampling process, the sampling stability of the device is improved, and the flying carrier can be wirelessly charged when the sample is transferred or the cruising mileage of the flying carrier is insufficient;

s4: the equipment maintenance resets, and the inside soil that does not need that still fills of sampling pipe after the equipment accomplishes the sample, and the sample head position overturns once more and upwards hides to the box inboard and resets this moment, and the carousel rotates and drives the auger and aim at its axle center and carry out soil stirring and discharge and can satisfy next sample use, and moving platform moves back to inside the box, and dry subassembly is regularly to the box inside dry dehumidification.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1: according to the invention, the pre-sampling assembly is arranged, the sliding seat with the lifting function at the pre-sampling assembly part and the sampling head with the telescopic function which is rotatably connected to the outer side of the sliding seat can sample any point in a circular area at the equipment installation part in the sampling process, so that the sampling richness is increased, the requirement of repeated sampling for long-term use is met, and the forest soil can be automatically sampled and used.

2: the invention is provided with the accurate sampling component, the turntable of the accurate sampling component part is respectively provided with the clamping piece and the auger, the turntable can rotate any angle to ensure that the clamping piece and the auger can be respectively aligned with the sampling pipe of the pre-sampling component part, on one hand, a pair of clamping pieces which are symmetrically arranged can carry out accurate sampling of a secondary central part aiming at the sampling pipe, the accurate sampling of the secondary central part is different from the mode that the pre-sampling component carries out deep sampling from the ground to the soil, but the pre-sampling deep soil is exposed at the end surface, the deep soil is sampled from the deep soil to the surface soil by the pattern of the surface soil in the sampling pipe, the influence of sundries, such as leaves, garbage, insects and the like, on the sampling sample receiving surface is less, the sample integrity of each depth in the sampling process is better, the sampling precision is higher, on the other hand, the arrangement of the auger is matched with the sampling pipe to be rotatable, can strike off the inside remaining soil of sampling pipe after the accurate sampling, strike off the remaining a small amount of soil of back sampling pipe lateral wall because the accurate sampling is the sample of axle center position, the integrality and the accuracy of sample when can not influence next accurate sampling.

3: the invention is used by matching the servo assembly with the turntable, is convenient for taking out samples and simultaneously can be used for loading and unloading sample containers, the moving platform is convenient to move between the outer side of the box body and the inner side of the box body, the moving platform is used for driving the idle sample containers or the sample containers filled with soil to be alternately replaced at the clamping part, the manual sampling is replaced, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, the swing guide function of the flight carrier is realized in the using process, the rotary platform drives the flight carrier to rotate to determine the correct orientation angle of the flight carrier, the angle is determined as that the first light source is detected by the strip-shaped photoelectric sensor, the moving platform drives the flight carrier to translate to determine the correct position coordinate of the flight carrier, and the position is determined as that the second light source is detected by the strip-shaped photoelectric sensor, so that the flight carrier can be used for carrying out proximity pickup on the samples and the detection data.

4: the collection module with various sensors, which is connected with the controller in the control cabinet, can monitor the forest environment including soil, air, animals and plants in real time, utilizes the vibration module to monitor the self skew and inclination condition and the safety performance of the equipment in real time, and transmits the information with the near-field communication module through the wireless communication module, so that scientific research personnel can conveniently and accurately obtain forest soil related information for use, and the equipment is favorable for long-term outdoor installation and use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the internal structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged internal view of a pre-sampler assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the turntable part of the present invention illustrating the internal structure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a servo assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of a turntable portion of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of a mobile platform according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of the sampling head and the turntable for secondary sampling according to the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic side view of a flight vehicle according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a camera; 2. a power supply module; 3. an inlet and an outlet; 4. a support pillar; 5. a box body; 6. a working chamber; 7. a strip-shaped photoelectric sensor II; 8. a partition plate; 9. an opening; 10. a control cabinet; 11. a chute; 12. a third motor; 13. a screw; 14. a gear; 15. connecting blocks; 16. a slide base; 17. connecting sleeves; 18. a first motor; 19. a connecting plate; 20. a sampling tube; 21. a sliding sleeve; 22. a fifth motor; 23. a first guide rod; 24. a third electric telescopic rod; 25. a fourth motor; 26. a mounting seat; 27. a turntable; 28. a clamping member; 29. fourthly, electrically telescopic rods are arranged; 30. a packing auger; 31. a second guide rod; 32. a first electric telescopic rod; 33. a buffer spring; 34. pressing the plywood; 35. a manual placement table; 36. a mobile platform; 37. a first strip-shaped photoelectric sensor; 38. a second motor; 39. a second electric telescopic rod; 40. a translation seat; 41. a slide bar; 42. rotating the platform; 43. a flying vehicle; 44. mounting a plate; 45. a sixth motor; 46. a limiting groove; 47. (ii) a 48. A second light source; 49. a first light source.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1-9, a forest soil data acquisition device comprises a support column 4, a box body 5 and a flight carrier 43, the preferred flight carrier of the embodiment is a quad-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, a pre-sampling assembly for first soil sampling is installed at the position of the support column 4, an accurate sampling assembly for secondary sampling of the pre-sampling assembly is installed at the position of the box body 5, a partition plate 8 is arranged at the bottom end inside the box body 5, a working chamber 6 is arranged inside the box body 5 above the partition plate 8, and a servo assembly for picking up a sampling sample is also installed at the position of the box body 5;

the pre-fetching assembly comprises a sliding seat 16 connected to the outer side of a supporting column 4, the sliding seat 16 can move up and down, a connecting sleeve 17 is slidably arranged on the outer side of the sliding seat 16, the connecting sleeve 17 can rotate rotatably, a connecting plate 19 is hinged to the outer side of the connecting sleeve 17, one end of the connecting plate 19 far away from the connecting sleeve 17 is slidably connected with a sampling head, the sampling head comprises a pair of guide rods 23 horizontally welded on the connecting plate 19, two a sliding sleeve 21 is sleeved between the outer sides of the guide rods 23, a motor five 22 is vertically installed downwards at the top of the sliding sleeve 21, the output end of the motor five 22 extends to the lower part of the sliding sleeve 21 and is connected with a sampling pipe 20, a three electric telescopic rod 24 is installed between the sliding sleeve 21 and the connecting plate 19, a motor 18 used for driving the connecting plate 19 to overturn is installed at the hinging shaft part of the connecting plate 19 and the connecting sleeve 17, and a motor three 12 used for driving the sliding seat 16 to lift is installed inside the supporting column 4, run through on the support column 4 of three 12 below motors and arranged spout 11, the output of three 12 motors extends to spout 11 inside and installs screw rod 13 through the bearing, the inboard of slide 16 extends to spout 11 inside and is equipped with the cover and locates the connecting block 15 in the screw rod 13 outside, and the connecting block 15 inboard runs through have with the internal thread hole of screw rod 13 looks adaptation, the top of slide 16 still installs and is used for driving the motor four 25 of the rotatory use of adapter sleeve 17, gear 14 is installed to the output of motor four 25, and is equipped with the teeth of a cogwheel with gear 14 looks meshing on the adapter sleeve 17.

The pre-sampling assembly is driven by the motor III 12 to integrally lift in the using process, the pre-sampling assembly descends to insert a sampling head into soil to realize sample collection, the motor IV 25 controls the rotating positions of the sampling head and the connecting sleeve 17 to determine the angle direction of the sampled soil, the sample validity requirement of multiple sampling is met, for example, a certain point is selected for sampling in the previous sampling, the purpose that the adjustable angle of the next sampling and the previous sampling position form a certain included angle interval is achieved, the sampling head is driven to stretch and contract by the electric telescopic rod III 24 in the position of the sampling head, the sampling head is arranged around the supporting column 4 in the fixed position, the position of the telescopic adjustment sampling head is matched with the rotation angle adjustment of the sampling head, the effect of selective sampling can be achieved at any point in the circular range formed by the rotation of the sampling head, and the motor V22 drives the sampling pipe 20 to rotate to reduce the resistance in the descending process, the sampling pipe 20 can be inserted into the soil with different hardness degrees, the arrangement of the first motor 18 enables the connecting sleeve 17 and the connecting plate 19 to have the effect similar to that of a mechanical arm, the sampling head can be conveniently turned over integrally, and the requirement of follow-up accurate sampling is met.

The accurate sampling assembly comprises a mounting seat 26 arranged above the partition plate 8 in a sliding manner, a rotary table 27 is arranged on the mounting seat 26, a pair of clamping pieces 28 are symmetrically arranged at the edge position of the outer side wall of the rotary table 27 close to one side of the pre-sampling assembly, the clamping pieces 28 are mechanical claws or three-jaw chucks, two packing augers 30 used for cleaning sampling heads are further arranged on the rotary table 27 between the clamping pieces 28, a pair of guide rods two 31 are symmetrically arranged at the top of the partition plate 8 at the two sides of the mounting seat 26, the two guide rods two 31 are all arranged by penetrating through the mounting seat 26, a sliding hole matched with the guide rod 31 is formed in the mounting seat 26, a motor six 45 used for driving the rotary table 27 to rotate and use is arranged inside the mounting seat 26, an electric telescopic rod four 29 used for driving the mounting seat 26 to move and use is arranged at the top of the partition plate 8, and the bottom end of the rotary table 27 extends to the lower position of the partition plate 8, and the partition plate 8 is provided with an opening 9 for the movable use of the turntable 27.

The accurate sampling subassembly is to carrying out the purpose of secondary sampling after the sampling head of pre-sampling subassembly position is overturned 90 degrees by motor 18, behind the rotatory 90 degrees in sampling head position, the position of sampling pipe 20 can fix the setting, the rotation angle of control carousel 27 every time realizes that the axle center that can all aim at clamping member 28 at the axle center of sampling pipe 20 rotates every time, the carousel 27 displacement that collocation electric telescopic handle four 29 produced is used, can carry out deep sampling once more by the axle center position of sampling pipe 20 with the sample container who is fixed in clamping member 28 inboard and realize accurate sampling, and auger 30's use can clear up the inside surplus soil of sampling pipe 20, although auger 30 is fixed motionless, sampling pipe 20 is driven by motor five 22 rotatory can arrange it and discharge surplus soil.

The servo assembly comprises a moving platform 36 horizontally arranged on one side of the turntable 27, the side wall of the box body 5 at the same height position of the moving platform 36 is provided with an inlet and an outlet 3, one end of the moving platform 36 is provided with a rotating platform 42 used for parking the flying carrier 43, the flying carrier 43 is provided with a clamping part 47 used for picking up a sample container, the clamping part 47 on the flying carrier 43 can be fixed in various forms, such as adhesive or clamp form, the main purpose is to enable the flying carrier 43 to drive the flying carrier to generate flying movement and not to fall off easily, the clamping part 28 (a chuck) at the position of the turntable 27 can generate separation and assembly use of the sample container by clamping, pulling and pushing, the top of the moving platform 36 at one side of the rotating platform 42 is provided with a manual placing platform 35, and the top of the manual placing platform 35 is provided with a limiting groove 46, the bottom of the moving platform 36 is provided with a translation seat 40 for mounting a rotating platform 42, a second motor 38 is installed inside the translation seat 40, the output end of the second motor 38 is connected with a rotating platform 42, a pair of parallel slide bars 41 are symmetrically arranged in the box body 5 at two sides of the translation seat 40, the slide bars 41 are arranged through the translation seat 40, and an electric telescopic rod II 39 for driving the translation seat 40 to move is arranged in the box body 5, a pressing plate 34 for pressing the flying carrier 43 and the manual placing table 35 is arranged in the box body 5, the top of the pressing plate 34 is provided with an electric telescopic rod 32 for driving the pressing plate to lift, an installation plate 44 is arranged at the output end of the first electric telescopic rod 32, a buffer spring 33 is arranged between the press plate 34 and the installation plate 44, and a wireless charging transmitting coil for charging the flying vehicle 43 is installed inside the laminated plate 34.

Camera 1 is installed at the top of

box

5, 5 internally mounted of box has switch board 10, still install the power module 2 that is used for using with the electrical apparatus power supply to use on the box 5, the input electric connection of 10 internal control wares of switch board has collection module, collection module utilizes sensor detection environment data and carries to the controller, still be equipped with the storage module that is used for data file to use on the controller, with the wireless communication module and the near field communication module that external equipment communication used and the vibrations detection module that self safety condition monitoring used, vibrations detection module includes the inclination displacement sensor and the vibration sensor of electric connection in 10 internal control wares of switch board.

Example 2

The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: a strip-shaped photoelectric sensor 37 used for determining the angle of the flying vehicle 43 is horizontally arranged at the top of the moving platform 36 below the rotating platform 42, the rotating platform 42 is made of transparent material, a second strip-shaped photoelectric sensor 7 used for determining the position of the flying carrier 43 is arranged on the inner wall of the box body 5, the output ends of the second strip-shaped photoelectric sensor 7 and the first strip-shaped photoelectric sensor 37 are electrically connected with the controller inside the control cabinet 10 through wires, one side of the bottom end of the flying carrier 43 is provided with a first light source 49 arranged corresponding to the strip-shaped photoelectric sensor I37, and one side of the lateral wall of the flight carrier 43 is provided with a second light source 48 arranged corresponding to the second strip-shaped photoelectric sensor 7, the embodiment is used for providing the same and accurate aligning and placing effect when the flight carrier 43 is in different landing positions, and the sample picking and the loading and unloading using by matching with the turntable 27 are efficiently and stably realized.

Example 3

The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: and a drying component is arranged in the working cavity 6 and is an air heater. The drying component is additionally arranged to resist the damp environment when the equipment is installed and used in a forest, and the use stability of the equipment is improved.

A forest soil data acquisition method comprises the following steps:

s2: the method comprises the steps of monitoring environmental information in real time, collecting relevant information of forest region parts including soil, air and animals and plants by using a collection module, specifically, additionally arranging a corresponding sensor for data collection according to needs, detecting the self condition of equipment by using a vibration detection module, monitoring the surrounding environment of the equipment in real time by using a camera 1, regularly using a wireless communication module to wirelessly transmit the monitored data in the monitoring process, when vibration occurs or the equipment tilts and inclines, the data detected by the equipment vibration detection module exceeds a preset value, and automatically controlling the wireless communication module to transmit signals by using a controller in a control cabinet 10, so that scientific research personnel can know the self condition of the equipment conveniently;

s3: soil sampling and information pick up, regularly carry out sample collection on the spot to forest soil, and the soil sampling mode of picking up divide into and utilizes flight carrier 43 to carry out remote control to pick up or artifical picking on the spot, and equipment is automatic in advance to sample during the sampling, and sampling time control sends the sample command by scientific research personnel remote control in advance, once takes a sample in advance: 10 inside controller control motor of switch board 18 drives connecting plate 19 and overturns, upset 90 degrees makes the sample head position perpendicular to ground arrange, motor four 25 drives adapter sleeve 17 and sample head angle of adjustment, the final sample position of position determination of the flexible adjustment sample head of electric telescopic handle three 24, motor three 12 corotation after confirming the position drives connecting block 15, adapter sleeve 17 descends with the sample head is whole, it conveniently gets into soil to descend five 22 drive sampling tube 20 rotations of decline in-process motor, motor three 12 reversals drive the sample head position and rise, motor four 25 resets with electric telescopic handle three 24, motor 18 drives connecting plate 19 upset 90 degrees resets after resetting, the opening of sampling tube 20 bottom is just to arranging one of them holder 28 on carousel 27 this moment, the accurate sample of secondary: just to the centre gripping on the holder 28 of sampling pipe 20 there is the sample container, and idle on another holder 28, and sample container this moment just arranges sampling pipe 20 axle center, carousel 27 to sampling pipe 20 one side translation, utilizes the sample container of centre gripping to carry out secondary sampling to the inside soil of sampling pipe 20, keeps sample container inserted state after the sample, and moving platform 36 moves out and exports 3 waits for flight carrier 43 or scientific research personnel to arrive in the whole, and the sample picks up: parking the flying carrier 43 on the rotary platform 42 after arriving, and controlling the empty sample container carried on the flying carrier 43 to be approximately aligned with one side of the turntable 27, at this time, the flying carrier 43 is automatically aligned, the empty sample container carried at the bottom of the flying carrier 43 is clamped by the other clamping piece 28 on the turntable 27, the whole turntable 27 moves back and back, the sampling head part is turned over and reset, the positions of the two clamping pieces 28 are adjusted and exchanged by rotating the turntable 27 by 180 degrees, at this time, the empty sample container is used for next sampling, the sample container with the sample is aligned with the clamping part 47 on the flying carrier 43, the sample is fixed by the clamping part 47 and then carried back, during manual operation, the unloaded sample container is directly placed in the limiting groove 46, when manual operation or flight carrier 43 operation is performed, data near field transmission can be brought back by using an NFC function according to needs, the sample container can be pressed and fixed by the pressing plate 34 in the sampling process, the sampling stability of the equipment is improved, and the flight carrier 43 can be wirelessly charged when waiting for sample transfer or insufficient cruising mileage of the flight carrier;

s4: the equipment maintenance resets, and equipment accomplishes and still packs a large amount of unnecessary soil in the back sampling tube 20, and the sample head position overturns once more and upwards hides to box 5 inboard and resets this moment, and carousel 27 rotates and drives auger 30 and aim at its axle center and carry out soil stirring and discharge and can satisfy the next sample and use, and moving platform 36 moves back to inside the box 5, and dry subassembly is regularly to box 5 inside dry dehumidification.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a forest soil data acquisition device, includes support column, box and flight carrier, its characterized in that: the device comprises a support column, a box body and a servo assembly, wherein a pre-sampling assembly used for primary soil sampling is installed at the support column part, an accurate sampling assembly used for secondary sampling of the pre-sampling assembly is installed at the box body part, a partition plate is arranged at the bottom end inside the box body, a working cavity is arranged inside the box body above the partition plate, and the servo assembly used for picking up a sampling sample is also installed at the box body part;

the servo assembly comprises a moving platform horizontally arranged on one side of the turntable, a rotating platform used for berthing a flying carrier is arranged at one end of the moving platform, a clamping part used for picking up a sample container is arranged on the flying carrier, a manual placing table is arranged at the top of the moving platform on one side of the rotating platform, a limiting groove is arranged at the top of the manual placing table, a pressing plate used for pressing the flying carrier and the manual placing table is arranged in the box body, a first electric telescopic rod used for driving the pressing plate to lift is arranged at the top of the pressing plate, a mounting plate is arranged at one output end of the electric telescopic rod, a buffer spring is arranged between the pressing plate and the mounting plate, and a wireless charging transmitting coil used for charging the flying carrier is arranged in the pressing plate;

2. A forest soil data collection device as claimed in claim, wherein: the bottom of the moving platform is provided with a translation seat used for installing a rotating platform, a second motor is installed inside the translation seat, the output end of the second motor is connected with the rotating platform, a pair of parallel slide bars are symmetrically installed inside the box body on two sides of the translation seat, the slide bars penetrate through the translation seat and are arranged, a second electric telescopic rod used for driving the translation seat to move and use is installed inside the box body, the side wall of the box body at the same height position of the moving platform is provided with an inlet and an outlet, a first strip-shaped photoelectric sensor used for determining the angle of the flying carrier is horizontally arranged at the top of the moving platform below the rotating platform, the rotating platform is made of transparent materials, a second strip-shaped photoelectric sensor used for determining the position of the flying carrier is installed on the inner wall of the box body, and the output ends of the second strip-shaped photoelectric sensor and the first strip-shaped photoelectric sensor are electrically connected with an internal controller of a control cabinet through wires, one side of the bottom end of the flight carrier is provided with a first light source arranged corresponding to the first strip-shaped photoelectric sensor, and one side of the side wall of the flight carrier is provided with a second light source arranged corresponding to the second strip-shaped photoelectric sensor.

3. A forest soil data collection device as claimed in claim, wherein: the internally mounted of support column has the motor three that is used for driving the slide and goes up and down to use, run through on the support column of three below of motor and arranged the spout, the output of motor three extends to the spout inside and installs the screw rod through the bearing, the inboard of slide extends to the spout inside and is equipped with the connecting block that the screw rod outside was located to the cover, and the connecting block inboard runs through have with the internal thread hole of screw rod looks adaptation, the top of slide is still installed and is used for driving the motor four of the rotatory use of adapter sleeve, the gear is installed to the output of motor four, and is equipped with the teeth of a cogwheel with gear engaged with on the adapter sleeve.

4. A forest soil data collection device as claimed in claim, wherein: the sampling head includes that the level welds a pair of guide bar one on the connecting plate, two the cover is equipped with the sliding sleeve between the outside of guide bar one, the vertical motor five of installing downwards in top of sliding sleeve, the output of motor five extends to the sliding sleeve below and is connected with the sampling pipe, and installs electric telescopic handle three between sliding sleeve and the connecting plate.

5. A forest soil data collection device as claimed in claim, wherein: a pair of guide rods II are symmetrically arranged at the top of the partition board on the two sides of the mounting seat, the guide rods II all penetrate through the mounting seat to be arranged, sliding holes matched with the guide rods are formed in the mounting seat, a motor six used for driving the rotary table to rotate is arranged inside the mounting seat, and an electric telescopic rod four used for driving the mounting seat to move is arranged at the top of the partition board.

6. A forest soil data collection device as claimed in claim, wherein: the clamping piece is a mechanical claw or a three-jaw chuck.

7. A forest soil data collection device as claimed in claim, wherein: the vibration detection module comprises an inclination displacement sensor and a vibration sensor which are electrically connected with the controller in the control cabinet.

8. A forest soil data collection device as claimed in claim, wherein: the top of the box body is provided with a camera.

9. A forest soil data collection device as claimed in claim, wherein: the drying component is arranged in the working cavity and is an air heater.

10. A forest soil data acquisition method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: the equipment installation, carry on the equipment installation in the appropriate place of forest, should adopt the way of installing and perforating to fix on the ground while installing the equipment, namely adopt the perforating equipment to drill on the ground according to actual quantity and interval of the support column, avoid influencing the soil ecological environment of the installation position as far as possible, and choose the comparatively smooth area of ground to install as far as possible while installing the equipment, facilitate the equipment self-running use while following random sampling, in order to increase the outdoor installation stability of the equipment, can increase the fixed mode properly, such as the mode of drawing or supporting to consolidate, choose the use of the power module according to the regional actual condition of forest while installing, can choose the form of the solar photovoltaic board to supply power when the illumination is sufficient, can choose the wind-driven generator set to supply power when the wind energy is sufficient, can also choose the thermoelectric generator to generate electricity when the difference of temperature is great inside and outside the soil, firstly, supplying power by connecting with a mains supply or adding a fuel power station to integrally supply power for a plurality of devices in the whole forest area;