CN114018662A - Nondestructive testing method for deep hole inner surface morphology and roughness - Google Patents
Nondestructive testing method for deep hole inner surface morphology and roughness Download PDFInfo
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- CN114018662A CN114018662A CN202111207475.4A CN202111207475A CN114018662A CN 114018662 A CN114018662 A CN 114018662A CN 202111207475 A CN202111207475 A CN 202111207475A CN 114018662 A CN114018662 A CN 114018662A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/2806—Means for preparing replicas of specimens, e.g. for microscopal analysis
Abstract
The invention provides a nondestructive testing method for the inner surface appearance and roughness of a deep hole, belongs to the field of precision measurement, can be used for testing the inner surface appearance of a complex structure, and is realized based on mixed glue, a glue extruder and a mixed glue nozzle, wherein the mixed glue is formed by mixing an A pipe glue and a B pipe glue. The glue extruder is used for extruding mixed tube glue, the A tube glue and the B tube glue are fully mixed and stirred by the mixed glue nozzle and then extruded into the surface of the inner cavity of the complex structure at the working temperature within the working time, the fully stirred mixed glue automatically reacts and is cured into elastic glue within a short time, the micro-morphology of the inner surface of a workpiece is copied, then the cured elastic glue is stripped from the surface of the structure of the workpiece, and the surface morphology measuring instrument is used for measuring the elastic glue and accurately observing the surface morphology information of the workpiece. The invention can observe the change trend of the surface appearance; the surface appearance of a plurality of workpieces or different processing stages of the workpieces can be quickly copied and recorded in real time with high precision, and the measurement precision is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of precision measurement, and relates to a nondestructive testing method for the surface morphology and roughness of deep and fine holes and other complex structures.
Background
With the rapid development of the fields of electric light sources, semiconductors, optical communication, war industry, aviation, biomedical treatment and the like, high-precision pipe fittings are widely applied to the fields, and the pipe fittings are strictly limited in shape, structure and dimension precision and also have higher requirements on the roughness and cleanliness of the inner wall of the pipe. However, the precise structural form of the part is often not favorable for measuring the roughness of the inner surface, and the difficulty of detecting the roughness of the inner surface is formed.
At present, the methods for measuring the roughness of the inner surface of the deep hole are generally divided into two types: the contact measurement method and the non-contact measurement method mainly comprise an optical method, a machine vision method and the like, and the contact measurement method comprises a contact pin method, an impression method and the like. The optical method such as an endoscope system and the diffuse reflection luminous flux principle and the machine vision method can acquire the appearance and roughness information of the inner surface of the deep hole to a certain extent, but the surface of the deep hole with a small entrance size is limited by the diameter of the probe, cannot be inserted and is difficult to detect. The existing contact pin type measuring equipment can realize the roughness measurement on a single bus on the inner surface of a deep hole with limited depth by a method of adding and adding a long measuring rod. But the measuring range is also limited by the length and the diameter of the small hole, and the inner surface of the deep and small hole cannot be measured.
At present, the non-destructive detection of the surface morphology and roughness in deep and fine holes can be theoretically realized by taking out the surface morphology after copying the surface morphology by a certain material by an impression method and then carrying out indirect measurement. For example, patent CN 103363946A-a method for non-destructive detection of surface topography, patent CN 107219109A-a method for detection of surface cracks of complex structure based on photosensitive resin, both of which are methods for measuring surface cracks by coating a certain photosensitive material on the surface to be measured, solidifying after ultraviolet irradiation, and taking out, but these methods have the disadvantages of difficult coating of surface replication material deep in small hole, difficult taking out after replication material solidification, and limitation of ultraviolet irradiation for replication material solidification for deep hole inner surface measurement; the patent CN108663012A, a method for detecting the micro morphology and roughness of the inner wall of a slit, can detect the morphology and roughness of the inner surface of a hole with a larger size, but for a small hole with a diameter of less than 3mm, the detection of the morphology of the inner surface is difficult to be realized due to the size limitation of a flexible mechanism, so a detection method suitable for the morphology and roughness of the inner surfaces of deep and small holes and other complex structures needs to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: aiming at the problem that the appearance and the roughness of the inner surface of a deep and fine hole and other complex structures are difficult to detect, the method for detecting the appearance and the roughness of the inner surface of the complex structure based on the mixed glue is provided, and has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and high measurement precision.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the nondestructive testing method for the inner surface morphology and the roughness of the deep hole can detect the inner surface morphology of a complex structure and is realized based on a glue extruding device 5, wherein the glue extruding device 5 comprises mixed glue 6, a glue extruding device 4 and a mixed glue nozzle 1, the mixed glue 6 is formed by mixing an A pipe glue 2 and a B pipe glue 3, and the nondestructive testing method comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of extruding an A tube glue 2 and a B tube glue 3 by a glue extruder 4, stirring the extruded A tube glue 2 and the extruded B tube glue 3 by a glue mixing nozzle 1 to prepare a mixed glue 6, wherein the A tube glue 2 is a base glue, and the B tube glue 3 is a coagulant, wherein the molar ratio of the A tube glue 2 to the B tube glue 3 is 10:1 (if the content of the B tube gelling coagulant is too low, the mixed glue cannot be cured, and if the content of the B tube gelling coagulant is too high, the cured elastic solid has strong viscosity and low stretchability, and the inner surface of a workpiece is not easy to peel). The mixed glue 6 is required to have good fluidity before solidification, and the mixed glue 6 is extruded by the glue extruder 4 in the working time, so that the mixed glue can be fully filled to the surface 7 of the inner cavity of the complex structure of the workpiece to be detected.
2) Extruding the mixed glue 6 into the complex structure inner cavity surface 7 of the object to be detected through the glue extruding device 5 and fully filling the mixed glue;
3) the mixed glue 6 is in a flowing colloid state at the working temperature and within the working time, then the mixed glue 6 can automatically react and solidify into an elastic colloid, the micro-topography of the inner surface of the workpiece is copied, and then the elastic colloid is peeled from the surface of the object to be detected after the solidification is finished. The curing reaction shrinkage rate is low and negligible, and the elastic colloid has high strength, toughness and high flexibility, so that the 100% recovery rate can be maintained even if the elastic colloid bears large pressure or tensile force when a workpiece is peeled.
4) And observing the shape information of the inner surface of the workpiece copied by the elastic colloid by using a surface measurement shape measuring instrument.
Further, the working temperature in the step 3) is-10-80 ℃, the working time is within 3-5min, and the curing time is within 20-30 min.
Further, the pipe A glue 2 is prepared by mixing 80-90 parts by weight of base polymer, 10-15 parts by weight of reinforcing filler and 1-5 parts by weight of diluent according to 100% of the total mass fraction of the pipe A glue 2; the base polymer may be one or more of silicone, epoxy resin, polyester resin, and may preferably be polydimethylsiloxane; the reinforcing filler is usually a nano filler, and can be one or more of fumed silica, carbon black, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and graphene, and can preferably be fumed silica and carbon black; the diluent can be one or more of acetone, butanone and cyclohexanone.
Further, the tube B adhesive 3 is prepared by mixing 50-60 parts by weight of catalyst, 25-30 parts by weight of cross-linking agent and 15-20 parts by weight of release agent according to 100% of the total mass fraction of the tube B adhesive 3; the catalyst may be one or more of a complex catalyst, a metal oxide catalyst, and the like, and may preferably be a platinum-based complex; the crosslinking agent may be one or more of silicone, polyol, organic peroxide, and the like, and may preferably be polysiloxane; the release agent may be one or more of a high polymer release agent, and may preferably be silicone oil and polyethylene glycol.
The principle of the invention is that after the mixed glue is prepared, when the mixed glue is extruded to the inner surface of the workpiece to be measured in a working time, the mixed glue can completely cover the microstructure of the surface of the workpiece under the action of gravity, extrusion force and the like, after a certain time, the mixed glue automatically reacts and solidifies into the elastic colloid to copy the microstructure of the inner surface of the workpiece, the solidification shrinkage rate of the elastic colloid is very small and can be ignored, and the elastic colloid has high strength, toughness and high flexibility, and can ensure that the 100 percent recovery rate can be still maintained even if the workpiece is subjected to larger pressure or tensile force when being peeled. And then stripping the cured elastic colloid from the surface of the workpiece, and observing the shape information of the inner surface of the complex structure by using an optical microscope or a scanning electron microscope and other observation means.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the mixed glue has good fluidity before solidification, can be fully filled into the inner surface of a complex structure through a glue extruding device, and is suitable for measuring the inner surfaces of other complex fine structures such as small holes with the diameter of less than 3mm, capillary holes and the like.
(2) The mixed glue is elastic glue after solidification, has high flexibility and toughness, is easy to strip the surface of a workpiece, can ensure that the elastic glue can still keep 100 percent of recovery rate even if the elastic glue strips the workpiece to bear larger pressure or pulling force, can realize high-precision replication of the surface to be measured, and ensures the measurement precision.
(3) The method is suitable for retaining and comparing the surface appearance of the workpiece at different processing stages, the surface of the same workpiece at different processing stages is copied, the same measuring surface is calibrated, and the change trend of the surface appearance can be observed.
(4) The mixed glue has short curing time, simple detection and high detection precision, can quickly copy and record the surface morphology of a plurality of workpieces or different processing stages of the workpieces in real time, and can be uniformly brought back to a laboratory for detection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention for measuring the surface topography of deep elongated hole structures;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for measuring the topography of the inner surface of a complex structure;
FIG. 4 is a general photomicrograph of the surface topography of an object under test (FIG. a) and a replica elastic colloid (FIG. b) in an example;
in the figure: 1, mixing a rubber nozzle; 2A, gluing the tube; 3B, gluing the tube; 4, a glue extruder; 5, a glue extruding device; 6, mixing glue; 7 complex structure cavity surface.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments. The invention discloses a nondestructive testing method for deep hole inner surface morphology and roughness, which is realized based on a glue squeezing device 5 as shown in figure 2, wherein the glue squeezing device 5 comprises mixed glue 6, a glue squeezing device 4 and a mixed glue nozzle 1, and the mixed glue 6 is formed by mixing A pipe glue 2 and B pipe glue 3. The implementation process of the invention is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2. The method for detecting the surface morphology of the deep elongated hole comprises the following steps:
when the rubber extruding device is used, a rubber extruding device is used for extruding mixed pipe rubber, the pipe rubber 2A and the pipe rubber 3B are fully mixed and stirred by the mixed rubber nozzle 1 and then are extruded onto the surface 7 of the inner cavity of the complex structure at the working temperature in the working time, the fully stirred mixed rubber 6 automatically reacts and is solidified into elastic rubber in a short time, the micro-morphology of the inner surface of a workpiece is copied, and the solidification shrinkage rate of the elastic rubber is very small and can be ignored. And then stripping the cured elastic colloid from the surface of the workpiece structure, and measuring the elastic colloid by using a surface topography measuring instrument to accurately observe the surface topography information of the workpiece. The specific data are as follows:
the diameter of the inner hole of the deep slender tube is 2mm, and the length is 150 mm.
The roughness of the inner hole surface ranges from Ra100 nm to 200 nm.
After the elastic colloid is solidified, the diameter is 2mm, the length is 150mm, and the elastic colloid has high elasticity and toughness.
The method comprises the following steps: the working time is within 3-5min, the curing time is within 20-30min, and the working temperature is set to be 25 ℃.
The pipe A glue is prepared by taking 83 parts of polydimethylsiloxane, 12 parts of carbon black filler and 5 parts of acetone as raw materials, fully mixing and stirring at the speed of 800r/min for 15 minutes, putting the mixture into a dryer, vacuumizing and standing for 4 hours to prepare a liquid base glue; the pipe B glue 3 is prepared by mixing and stirring 50 parts of platinum complex (preferably divinyl tetramethyl disiloxane chloroplatinic acid), 30 parts of polysiloxane and 20 parts of polyethylene glycol to prepare a coagulant colloid; the molar ratio of the tube glue A to the tube glue B is 10:1 when the tube glue A and the tube glue B are mixed for use. In the embodiment, the glue A and the glue B are mixed and then coated on the surface to be detected within 4min of working time, and then the mixed glue automatically reacts and is cured into the elastic glue within 25 min.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, but not should be understood as the limitation of the patent scope of the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The nondestructive testing method for the inner surface morphology and the roughness of the deep hole is characterized by being capable of detecting the inner surface morphology of a complex structure and being realized based on a glue extruding device (5), wherein the glue extruding device (5) comprises mixed glue (6), a glue extruding device (4) and a mixed glue nozzle (1), the mixed glue (6) is formed by mixing an A pipe glue (2) and a B pipe glue (3), and the nondestructive testing method comprises the following steps:
firstly, extruding an A tube glue (2) and a B tube glue (3) by a glue extruder (4), stirring by a glue mixing nozzle (1) to prepare a mixed glue (6), wherein the A tube glue (2) is a base glue, the B tube glue (3) is a coagulant, and the molar ratio of the A tube glue (2) to the B tube glue (3) is 10: 1;
secondly, the mixed glue (6) is in a flowing colloid state at the working temperature and in the working time, after the mixed glue (6) is extruded into the cavity surface 7 of the complex structure of the object to be detected through the glue extruding device (5) and is fully filled into the cavity surface, the mixed glue (6) can automatically react and solidify into elastic glue to copy the micro-morphology of the inner surface of the workpiece, and after the mixed glue (6) is solidified, the elastic glue is stripped from the surface of the object to be detected and the recovery rate of 100 percent is kept;
and finally, observing the shape information of the inner surface of the workpiece copied by the elastic colloid by using a surface measurement shape measuring instrument.
2. The nondestructive testing method for the inner surface morphology and the roughness of the deep hole according to claim 1, characterized in that the working temperature in the step 3) is-10 ℃ to 80 ℃, the working time is within 3min to 5min, and the curing time is within 20min to 30 min.
3. The nondestructive testing method for the inner surface morphology and the roughness of the deep hole according to the claim 1 is characterized in that the A pipe glue (2) comprises a base polymer, a reinforcing filler and a diluent; the base polymer is one or more of organic silicon, epoxy resin and polyester resin; the reinforcing filler is a nano filler and comprises one or more of fumed silica, carbon black, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and graphene; the diluent is one or more of acetone, butanone and cyclohexanone.
4. The nondestructive testing method for the inner surface morphology and the roughness of the deep hole according to claim 3, characterized in that the pipe A glue (2) is prepared by mixing 80-90 parts by weight of base polymer, 10-15 parts by weight of reinforcing filler and 1-5 parts by weight of diluent according to 100% of the total mass fraction of the pipe A glue (2).
5. The nondestructive testing method for the inner surface morphology and the roughness of the deep hole according to claim 1, characterized in that the B-tube glue (3) comprises a catalyst, a cross-linking agent and a release agent; the catalyst is one or more of complex catalyst, metal catalyst and metal oxide catalyst; the cross-linking agent is one or more of organic silicon, polyols, organic matters and organic peroxides; the release agent is one or more of high polymer release agents.
6. The nondestructive testing method for the inner surface morphology and the roughness of the deep hole according to claim 5, characterized in that the rubber (3) for B tube is prepared by mixing 50-60 parts by weight of catalyst, 25-30 parts by weight of cross-linking agent and 15-20 parts by weight of release agent according to 100% of the total mass fraction of the rubber (3) for B tube.
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| CN111718486A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-29 | 湖北回天新材料股份有限公司 | Thixotropic agent and two-component silicone sealant containing same |
| CN112898944A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-04 | 广州丽豪装饰材料有限公司 | 1:1 two-component quick-drying silicone sealant and preparation method thereof |
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2021
- 2021-10-18 CN CN202111207475.4A patent/CN114018662B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0216232D0 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2002-08-21 | Denselight Semiconductors Pte | Non-destructive observation of profile roughness |
| CN101701106A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2010-05-05 | 合肥凯蒙新材料有限公司 | Two-component addition type room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber for manufacturing handprint mold and footprint mold |
| CN103390569A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-11-13 | 华进半导体封装先导技术研发中心有限公司 | Method for measuring shape of TSV (through silicon via) with high aspect ratio |
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| CN103901046A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-02 | 国家电网公司 | Flaw detection method for inner holes of workpiece |
| CN106118567A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-16 | 卡本复合材料（天津）有限公司 | A kind of bi-component injection epoxy anchoring adhesive and preparation method thereof |
| CN107219109A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-09-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of labyrinth surface crack testing method based on photosensitive resin |
| CN111718486A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-29 | 湖北回天新材料股份有限公司 | Thixotropic agent and two-component silicone sealant containing same |
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