CN114018520A - Vibration detection system and vibration detection method based on vibration test platform - Google Patents

Vibration detection system and vibration detection method based on vibration test platform Download PDF

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CN114018520A
CN114018520A CN202111337232.2A CN202111337232A CN114018520A CN 114018520 A CN114018520 A CN 114018520A CN 202111337232 A CN202111337232 A CN 202111337232A CN 114018520 A CN114018520 A CN 114018520A
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vibration
vibration signal
generating device
signal generating
system based
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王莲
王志毅
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Hangzhou Yunzhiwu Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/02Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
    • G01M7/022Vibration control arrangements, e.g. for generating random vibrations
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/02Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
    • G01M13/021Gearings
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/02Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
    • G01M13/028Acoustic or vibration analysis

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a vibration detection system based on a vibration test platform, which comprises a vibration signal generating device and a vibration signal detection device, wherein the vibration signal generating device comprises a vibration sensor, the vibration signal generating device can simulate the vibration condition of failure and/or over-failure and generate a vibration signal corresponding to the vibration condition, the vibration signal generating device is connected to the vibration signal detection device through a data line and transmits the simulated vibration signal to the vibration signal detection device, and the vibration signal detection device analyzes the received vibration signal through analysis software and outputs a waveform diagram to judge the vibration condition corresponding to the vibration signal. The invention can realize the vibration signal simulation and the vibration signal analysis of the gear pair under the laboratory condition.

Description

Vibration detection system and vibration detection method based on vibration test platform
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vibration test and a vibration signal detection technology.
Background
Mechanical faults are often explained differently in different documents or in different application environments, but generally, the mechanical faults are considered as abnormal working states of equipment, the mechanical faults can affect normal work and even damage of the machinery to different degrees according to fault degrees of the mechanical faults, and the mechanical faults are inevitable in the operation process of the equipment, so that the mechanical faults need to be monitored and simulated in real time, different representations of each stage of the mechanical faults are found in time, further expansion of the mechanical faults is blocked in time, and larger damage is prevented.
The mechanical fault can be simulated, so that the simulation experiment is carried out on the mechanical fault possibly generated in the equipment development stage or even before the development except for real-time monitoring in the equipment operation process, the production and manufacturing efficiency can be effectively improved, and the cost can be reduced. In the prior art, many experimental simulation devices for mechanical faults are provided, and experimental simulation is performed on mechanical devices in different fields in different industries so as to find out fault rules of the mechanical devices. Taking the vibration signal simulation of the gear pair as an example, the simulation of the gear pair in the prior art is complex, cannot be simply and conveniently completed under laboratory conditions, and is inconvenient for outputting results and observing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem existing in the background technology, and provides a vibration detection system based on a vibration test platform, which can realize vibration signal simulation and vibration signal analysis of a gear pair under laboratory conditions.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a vibration detection system based on vibration test platform, includes vibration signal generating device and vibration signal detection device, vibration signal sound generating mechanism includes vibration sensor, vibration signal generating device can simulate trouble and/cross the vibration condition of non-trouble and produce the vibration signal that corresponds under this vibration condition, vibration signal generating device is connected to through the data line vibration signal detection device and to its transmission simulated vibration signal, vibration signal detection device carries out the analysis and exports the oscillogram to received vibration signal through analysis software, judges the vibration condition that this vibration signal corresponds.
Further, the vibration signal generating device comprises a driving device, the driving device is connected to a gear pair through a transmission device, and the driving device can drive the gear pair through the transmission device and can receive the vibration signal of the gear pair.
Further, the vibration sensor is arranged in the driving device.
Further, at least one gear of the gear pair can be replaced.
Further, the driving device comprises an output shaft, the output shaft of the driving device is supported by at least one output shaft bracket, and a balancing weight is arranged at the tail end of the output shaft.
Furthermore, the transmission device comprises a driving transmission wheel and a driven rotation wheel, and the driving transmission wheel and the driven transmission wheel are linked through a belt or a crawler.
Further, the driven transmission wheel transmits at least one gear in the gear pair through the driven shaft, and the transmitted gear is a driving gear.
Furthermore, the vibration signal detection device comprises a box body, wherein a power input port and an external sensor interface are arranged on the side wall of the box body; a power converter, a wireless communication gateway, a radio frequency antenna and a data calculation module are arranged in the box body; the power supply input port is connected with a power supply converter inside the box body, the power supply converter is connected with the wireless communication gateway through a power line to supply power to the wireless communication gateway, and the wireless communication gateway is connected with the radio frequency antenna through an antenna interface and an antenna extension line; the wireless communication gateway and the data calculation module are connected through a communication cable, and the external sensor interface is connected with the data calculation module through a sensor cable.
Furthermore, the external sensor interface is used for connecting the input of an external sensor, and the external sensor is a vibration sensor arranged in the vibration signal generating device.
On the basis, the invention also provides a vibration detection method based on the vibration test platform, wherein the vibration detection method adopts the vibration detection system and comprises the following steps:
(1) the vibration detection system is built, and the vibration signal generation device is connected to the vibration signal detection device;
(2) starting a vibration signal generating device to enable the vibration signal generating device to generate a vibration signal;
(3) the vibration sensor is used for acquiring a vibration signal generated by the vibration signal generating device in real time and sending the vibration signal to the vibration signal detecting device;
(4) the vibration signal detection device receives the vibration signal and analyzes the vibration signal through analysis software, and outputs a current vibration frequency spectrum and a current time domain frequency spectrum in real time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the vibration signal generation device which can be realized in a laboratory is used for simulating the vibration signal of the gear pair, and the experimental device is simple, easy to believe, easy to realize and accurate in simulation; (2) the portable vibration signal detection device is used for collecting vibration signals, the generated vibration signals can be detected at any time and any place, and the vibration signal detection device can be connected with electronic equipment to analyze and display the vibration signals; (3) the vibration signal detection device and the vibration signal generation device are connected through the data line, so that the convenient combination and separation can be realized, and the vibration detection system has better expandability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a vibration signal generating apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the vibration signal detecting apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of an output of a vibration signal in a normal state in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of an output of a vibration signal in a fault state in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a vibration detection system based on a vibration test platform comprises a vibration signal generating device 100, a vibration signal detecting device 200 and a computer device 300, wherein the vibration signal generating device 100 comprises a vibration sensor, and the vibration signal generating device can simulate a fault and/or over-fault non-fault vibration condition and generate a corresponding vibration signal under the vibration condition; the vibration signal generating device 100 is connected to the vibration signal detecting device 200 through a data line 400 and transmits the simulated vibration signal to the vibration signal detecting device 200, the vibration signal detecting device 200 can be connected to the computer device 300 in a wired or wireless manner, the computer device 300 is loaded with analysis software, the analysis software analyzes the received vibration signal and outputs a waveform diagram, and the vibration condition corresponding to the vibration signal is judged.
In some preferred embodiments, the analysis software includes a vibration analysis algorithm, which includes Fourier transform, hilbert-huang's method, hels (helmholtz equalisation square) equation least squares method, and the like. The basic idea of the HELS technology is to expand a mechanical vibration field into a series of linear combinations of orthogonal functions based on a special solution of a Helmholtz equation, and a combination coefficient of the linear combinations is obtained by adopting a least square method according to the vibration pressure (the vibration pressure is the vibration radiation magnitude value of an equipower potential surface of vibration waves in the vibration propagation direction) of a matched vibration field point. The HELS method has no any limit on the positions of the measuring points and the positions of the reconstructed points, and is easy to realize. Because the number of expansion items is often far less than the number of nodes of the surface grid in other two methods, the HELS-based near-field holographic technology has relatively less number of measuring points, and can greatly save the calculation time.
The HELS method assumes that the vibrating object is radiation vibration propagated by an infinite fluid medium and is expressed in an extended form of a basis function
Figure BDA0003351010830000051
In the formula:
Figure BDA0003351010830000052
is an arbitrary field point
Figure BDA0003351010830000053
And the complex vibration pressure of the vibration pressure at the angular frequency omega; ρ and c are the fluid medium density and the vibration wave propagation velocity, respectively. Orthogonalizing a particular solution ψ of the Helmholtz equation of the original scene by Gram-schmidtiThe obtained basis function psii
Figure BDA0003351010830000054
Wherein, { ψj(xB,ω),ψi(xB,ω)}=∫∫B ψi(xB,ω)ψj(xB,ω)dS (3)
Specially solving psiiThe expression in an arbitrary spherical coordinate system is
Figure BDA0003351010830000055
Figure BDA0003351010830000061
In the formula: n ═ i2+n+m+1,l=i-n2;hn(kr) and
Figure BDA0003351010830000062
respectively, a spherical Hankel function and an associated Legendre function, where k is the wave number of the vibration. The spherical Hankel function and the associated Legendre function have analytic solutions in a spherical coordinate system, and the coordinate system is proved to be reasonably arranged.
In equation (1) with the basis function ψjAssociated unknown coefficient CjThe decision of (2) requires solving the assumed form with xmVibration pressure measured at point
Figure BDA0003351010830000063
Obtained by matching, M is 1, 2, …, M, linear equation is
Figure BDA0003351010830000064
When the number M of the measuring points is larger than the base function J, the unknown coefficient can be matched with the measured data only by the least square solution, and the expression is
Figure BDA0003351010830000065
In the case of no duplication, there is no strict requirement on the position of the measurement points, but the number of measurement points must be larger than the basis function J. Theoretically, if the measured oscillation pressure is accurate, equation (1) converges as J approaches infinity. In practice, however, the measured values always contain errors, which may be caused by measurement uncertainties or by rapid decay of the near-field effects. To improve the accuracy of the reconstruction, the least squares method eliminates 1 st order errors of the data processing. Equation (6) can be expressed as
[T]J×J{C}J×I≈{D}J×I (7)
In the formula: [ T ]]J×JA transformation matrix representing the measured values and the reconstructed vibration pressure; { D }J×I{ D } then contains measurement information.
Wherein the elements are respectively:
Figure BDA0003351010830000066
Figure BDA0003351010830000067
if the matrix [ T ] is transformed]J×JFor non-singular matrices, the coefficients { C } may be transformed by the transform matrix [ T ]]J×JThus, the following results are obtained:
Figure BDA0003351010830000071
as can be seen, the requirement in formula (10)
Figure BDA0003351010830000072
Must be present. However, when the matrix [ psi ]]M×JAre not all linearly independent, the matrix
Figure BDA0003351010830000073
The matrix is a singular matrix, can not be directly inverted, and needs to be subjected to singular value decomposition to solve an equation (6), wherein the expression is
Figure BDA0003351010830000074
In the formula: [ W ]]J×J
Figure BDA0003351010830000075
Respectively is an inclusion matrix
Figure BDA0003351010830000076
And
Figure BDA0003351010830000077
an identity matrix of the eigenvectors; sigmaPI is [ psi]M×JIs used to form a diagonal matrix of the inverse of the non-zero singular values of (a).
Then once CjIt is determined that the external field jolt pressure at any position can be reconstructed by equation (1).
As the problems of complex interpolation operation, singular integral processing, non-unique processing of solution at a characteristic wave number and the like in data extrapolation based on a boundary element reconstruction algorithm are solved, the near-field holographic vibration pressure technology based on Helmholtz equation least square method (HELS) verifies the reconstruction of the vibration radiation field in the structure, and the precision of the reconstructed vibration field is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the vibration signal generating device 100 includes a driving device 101, the vibration sensor is disposed in the driving device 101, in this embodiment, the driving device 101 is a motor, the driving device 101 includes an output shaft 102, the output shaft 102 of the driving device 101 is supported by at least one output shaft support 103, a weight 104 is disposed at a terminal of the output shaft 102, and the weight 104 makes the driving of the vibration device smooth.
The driving device 101 is connected to a gear pair 106 through a transmission device 105, the driving device 101 can drive the gear pair 106 through the transmission device 105 and can receive a vibration signal of the gear pair 106, at least one gear in the gear pair 106 can be replaced, and thus different gears or gear pairs can be replaced for detection.
The transmission device 105 comprises a driving transmission wheel 1051 and a driven rotation wheel 1052, the driving transmission wheel 1051 and the driven transmission wheel 1052 are linked through a belt or a crawler 1053, the driven transmission wheel 1052 transmits at least one gear in a gear pair 106 through a driven shaft 1054, the transmitted gear is a driving gear, correspondingly, the other gear in the gear pair 106 is a driven gear, and the invention can detect the fault of any one of the driving gear or the driven gear.
As shown in fig. 3, the portable electronic device comprises a box body 0, wherein a power input port 1 and an external sensor interface 2 are arranged on the side wall of the box body 0; a power converter 4, a wireless communication gateway 5, a radio frequency antenna 3 and a data calculation module 6 are arranged in the box body; the power input port 1 is connected with a power converter 4 in the box body 0, the power converter 4 is connected with the wireless communication gateway 5 through a power line to supply power to the wireless communication gateway 5, and the wireless communication gateway 5 is connected with the radio frequency antenna 3 through an antenna interface and an antenna extension line; the wireless communication gateway 5 is connected with the data calculation module 6 through a communication cable, and the external sensor interface 2 is connected with the data calculation module 6 through a sensor cable. The external sensor interface 2 is used for connecting an input of an external sensor, and in this embodiment, the external sensor is a vibration sensor disposed in the vibration signal generating device.
In an embodiment, the present invention further provides a vibration detection method based on a vibration test platform, where the vibration detection method adopts the above vibration detection system, and includes the following steps:
(1) connecting the vibration signal generating device to the vibration signal detecting device in a manner as shown in fig. 1 to form the vibration detecting system;
(2) starting a vibration signal generating device to enable the vibration signal generating device to generate a vibration signal;
(3) the vibration sensor is used for acquiring a vibration signal generated by the vibration signal generating device in real time and sending the vibration signal to the vibration signal detecting device;
(4) the vibration signal detection device receives the vibration signal and analyzes the vibration signal through analysis software, and outputs a current vibration frequency spectrum and a current time domain frequency spectrum in real time.
As shown in fig. 4, under the normal working condition of the gear pair, the real-time analysis module can output the waveform diagram as shown in fig. 4 through a display of the server or the client, and the waveform diagram under the normal working condition can be used as a comparison of the waveform diagram under the abnormal working condition.
As shown in fig. 5, under the working condition of gear breakage of the gear pair, the real-time analysis module can output the waveform diagram as shown in fig. 5 through a display of the server or the client, and it is apparent from comparison between fig. 5 and fig. 4 that waveform characteristics corresponding to the existing fault under the impact frequency of the gear frequency conversion exist in the time domain waveform, so that the gear fault can be rapidly responded.
It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The vibration detection system based on the vibration test platform is characterized by comprising a vibration signal generating device and a vibration signal detection device, wherein the vibration signal generating device comprises a vibration sensor, the vibration signal generating device can simulate the vibration condition of faults and/or faults and generate a vibration signal corresponding to the vibration condition, the vibration signal generating device is connected to the vibration signal detection device through a data line and transmits the simulated vibration signal to the vibration signal detection device, and the vibration signal detection device analyzes the received vibration signal through analysis software and outputs a waveform diagram to judge the vibration condition corresponding to the vibration signal.
2. The vibration testing system based on the vibration testing platform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vibration signal generating device comprises a driving device, the driving device is connected to a gear pair through a transmission device, and the driving device can drive the gear pair through the transmission device and can receive the vibration signal of the gear pair.
3. A vibration testing system based on a vibration testing platform according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said driving means is provided with said vibration sensor.
4. A vibration testing system based on a vibration testing platform according to claim 2, wherein at least one gear of said gear pair can be replaced.
5. The vibration testing system based on the vibration testing platform as claimed in claim 2, wherein the driving device comprises an output shaft, the output shaft of the driving device is supported by at least one output shaft bracket, and a balancing weight is arranged at the end of the output shaft.
6. The vibration testing system based on the vibration testing platform as claimed in claim 5, wherein the transmission device comprises a driving transmission wheel and a driven rotation wheel, and the driving transmission wheel and the driven transmission wheel are linked through a belt or a crawler.
7. The vibration testing system based on the vibration testing platform as claimed in claim 6, wherein the driven transmission wheel transmits at least one gear of the gear pair through the driven shaft, and the transmitted gear is a driving gear.
8. The vibration testing system based on the vibration testing platform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vibration signal detecting device comprises a box body, and a power input port and an external sensor interface are arranged on the side wall of the box body; a power converter, a wireless communication gateway, a radio frequency antenna and a data calculation module are arranged in the box body; the power supply input port is connected with a power supply converter inside the box body, the power supply converter is connected with the wireless communication gateway through a power line to supply power to the wireless communication gateway, and the wireless communication gateway is connected with the radio frequency antenna through an antenna interface and an antenna extension line; the wireless communication gateway and the data calculation module are connected through a communication cable, and the external sensor interface is connected with the data calculation module through a sensor cable.
9. The vibration testing system based on the vibration testing platform as claimed in claim 8, wherein the external sensor interface is used for connecting an input of an external sensor, and the external sensor is a vibration sensor arranged in the vibration signal generating device.
10. A vibration testing method based on a vibration testing platform, characterized in that the vibration testing method refers to the vibration testing system of any one of claims 1-9 and comprises the following steps:
(1) the vibration detection system is built, and the vibration signal generation device is connected to the vibration signal detection device;
(2) starting a vibration signal generating device to enable the vibration signal generating device to generate a vibration signal;
(3) the vibration sensor is used for acquiring a vibration signal generated by the vibration signal generating device in real time and sending the vibration signal to the vibration signal detecting device;
(4) the vibration signal detection device receives the vibration signal and analyzes the vibration signal through analysis software, and outputs a current vibration frequency spectrum and a current time domain frequency spectrum in real time.
CN202111337232.2A 2021-11-12 2021-11-12 Vibration detection system and vibration detection method based on vibration test platform Pending CN114018520A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20120011474A (en) * 2010-07-29 2012-02-08 현대 파워텍 주식회사 Device for detecting fault of gear
CN202661241U (en) * 2011-11-18 2013-01-09 华北电力大学 Vibration test device for wind power gear box simulation
CN103234750A (en) * 2013-04-16 2013-08-07 北京工业大学 Constant-depth-tooth bevel gear fault diagnosis method based on modified cepstrum
CN103308305A (en) * 2013-06-04 2013-09-18 中国航空动力机械研究所 Gear fault diagnosis device and method
CN103353396A (en) * 2013-06-24 2013-10-16 西安交通大学 Gear case fault diagnosis method based on non-timescale short-time phase demodulation
CN109682597A (en) * 2019-02-01 2019-04-26 朗坤智慧科技股份有限公司 A kind of gear-box vibration signal processing and analysis method
CN209389846U (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-09-13 宁波市比尔迪赛电机有限公司 Electrically driven curtain brushless motor

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20120011474A (en) * 2010-07-29 2012-02-08 현대 파워텍 주식회사 Device for detecting fault of gear
CN202661241U (en) * 2011-11-18 2013-01-09 华北电力大学 Vibration test device for wind power gear box simulation
CN103234750A (en) * 2013-04-16 2013-08-07 北京工业大学 Constant-depth-tooth bevel gear fault diagnosis method based on modified cepstrum
CN103308305A (en) * 2013-06-04 2013-09-18 中国航空动力机械研究所 Gear fault diagnosis device and method
CN103353396A (en) * 2013-06-24 2013-10-16 西安交通大学 Gear case fault diagnosis method based on non-timescale short-time phase demodulation
CN209389846U (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-09-13 宁波市比尔迪赛电机有限公司 Electrically driven curtain brushless motor
CN109682597A (en) * 2019-02-01 2019-04-26 朗坤智慧科技股份有限公司 A kind of gear-box vibration signal processing and analysis method

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