CN114016173A - Spinning production process of domestic animal hair and down and domestic polylactic acid fiber blended yarn - Google Patents
Spinning production process of domestic animal hair and down and domestic polylactic acid fiber blended yarn Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/203—Unsaturated carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/402—Amides imides, sulfamic acids
- D06M13/438—Sulfonamides ; Sulfamic acids
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/53—Polyethers
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/10—Animal fibres
- D06M2101/12—Keratin fibres or silk
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2211/00—Protein-based fibres, e.g. animal fibres
- D10B2211/01—Natural animal fibres, e.g. keratin fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spinning production process of domestic animal hair and down and domestic polylactic acid fiber blended yarn, which comprises the following steps: selecting raw materials, performing a previous process and spinning; the former process comprises the following steps: preparing strips from polylactic acid fibers, preparing strips from wool fibers, mixing strips, gilling, combing, three-needle and four-needle; the spinning process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) first needle, second needle, third needle, fourth needle, roving without twisting, roving with twisting, spun yarn, winding direction, doubling, double twisting and sizing; the raw material selection refers to selection of domestic wool fibers and domestic polylactic acid short fibers; the domestic wool fibers at least comprise one of domestic wool, cashmere fibers, domestic rabbit hair fibers or domestic yak hair and yak wool fibers; the blended yarn prepared by adopting a proper process accords with the standard of worsted wool knitting yarn.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blended yarn production processes, in particular to a blended yarn of domestic wool fibers and polylactic acid fibers and a worsted production process.
Background
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a renewable novel fiber capable of replacing petroleum, is obtained from grains, has the characteristics of rich sources and complete biodegradation, can be decomposed into carbon dioxide and water under the action of microorganisms in soil or seawater after products are wasted, cannot emit toxic gas during combustion, cannot cause pollution, and is a sustainable-development biological fiber. The fabric has good hand feeling and drapability, is ultraviolet resistant, has lower flammability and excellent processing performance, is suitable for various fashionable dress, leisure wear, sports goods, sanitary goods and the like, and has wide application prospect.
The utilization efficiency of domestic wool, rabbit hair, yak hair and the like is changed by utilizing the good spinnability of the polylactic acid fiber, so that the utilization rate of the domestic wool fiber is improved. How to improve the domestic plush to produce the worsted yarn by utilizing the polylactic acid is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a domestic animal hair and down and domestic polylactic acid fiber blended yarn and a worsted production process thereof, which utilizes the excellent spinnability of polylactic acid fiber to change the utilization rate of domestic wool, rabbit hair, yak hair and the like and can prepare the wool-containing semi-worsted blended yarn meeting the requirements of knitting and tatting.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention aims to realize that:
the invention relates to a spinning production process of domestic animal hair, down and domestic polylactic acid fiber blended yarn, which comprises the following steps: selecting raw materials, performing a previous process and spinning; the former process comprises the following steps: preparing strips from polylactic acid fibers, preparing strips from wool fibers, mixing strips, gilling, combing, three-needle and four-needle; the spinning process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) first needle, second needle, third needle, fourth needle, roving without twisting, roving with twisting, spun yarn, winding direction, doubling, double twisting and sizing;
the raw material selection refers to selecting 20-80% of domestic wool fibers and 80-20% of domestic polylactic acid short fibers; the domestic wool fibers at least comprise one of domestic wool, cashmere fibers, domestic rabbit hair fibers or domestic yak hair and yak wool fibers;
the polylactic acid fiber slivering is that the polylactic acid fiber is carded by a carding machine to be slivering, and the quantitative amount is 15g/5 m; the polylactic acid fiber carding technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed of the wool feeding roller is 1.5r/min, the rotating speed of a chest cylinder is 45r/min, the rotating speed of a working roller is 10r/min, the rotating speed of a cylinder is 90r/min, the rotating speed of a doffer is 5.5r/min, and the distance between the working roller and the cylinder is 30, 25 and 25 mm;
the wool making process comprises a wool making process and a wool carding process; the mixing process route is as follows: domestic plush fibers and domestic polylactic acid short fibers → an opener → a cabin → a through an air duct → a cabin → stuffiness for 24 hours;
preparing an emulsion consisting of 4% of antistatic agent, 3-5% of wool oil, 0.1-0.15% of bonding agent and 0.1-0.15% of silica sol, and uniformly spraying the emulsion on the surface of the domestic wool fiber according to 10-15% of the weight of the domestic wool fiber; the silica sol contains 20-30% of silica particles, and the diameter of the silica particles is 10-20 nm;
the wool oil comprises castor oil methyl ester, Turkey red oil, oleic acid, polyquaternium cationic surfactant, coconut monoethanolamide disodium sulfosuccinate, methyl stearate polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, soybean oil fatty acid methyl ester and deionized water;
the antistatic agent at least comprises one of polyoxyethylene stearate, polyoxyethylene ketone laurate and polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether;
the wool carding and sliver making process of the wool fibers comprises the following specific steps: the rotating speed of the cylinder is reduced to 300r/min, the rotating speed of the licker-in roller is reduced to 680r/min, the feeding space between the licker-in roller and the cotton feeding plate is 0.37mm, the space between the licker-in roller and the cylinder is 0.18mm, the space between the cylinder and the cover plate at 5 points is 0.30, 0.25 and 0.30mm, and the space between the cylinder and the doffer is 0.125 mm; doffer rotation speed is 20r/min, cover plate linear speed is 80mm/min, and dry basis weight is 20g/5 m;
the mixing strip comprises two needle combs, 0.2-0.5% of wool oil, 0.2-0.3% of antistatic agent and 0.15% of cohesive agent are added during the first needle of the strip mixing process, and the moisture regain is controlled to be 16-17%;
the length of the wool feeding and the drawing gauge distance during combing are respectively 6mm and 35 mm;
the twist coefficient of the twisted roving is 30-35;
the spinning process adopts a compact siro spinning production process, and the main process parameters are as follows: the rotating speed of the front roller is 219r/min, the twist coefficient is 360, the distance between double bell mouths is 9mm, the total draft multiple is 55.3, the draft multiple of the rear zone is 1.25, the surface gauge of the roller is 22 multiplied by 40mm, the pressure of the front roller is 130N/double ingot, the pressure of the middle roller is 160N/double ingot, and the pressure of the rear roller is 120N/double ingot; the spacing block is 2.2mm, and the ingot speed is 10000 r/min; the rubber roller used in the spinning process is a 75-degree middle concave 0.5mm slipping drafting rubber roller;
in the spooling process, the spooling tension is not more than 10% of the single yarn strength, and the relative humidity is controlled to be 75-80%.
On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferable scheme of the scheme: the wool oil comprises 30-40 parts by mass of castor oil methyl ester, 25-30 parts by mass of Turkey red oil, 1-2 parts by mass of oleic acid, 3-5 parts by mass of polyquaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, 2-4 parts by mass of disodium coconut monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate, 1-3 parts by mass of methyl stearate polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, 3-5 parts by mass of sodium fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 15-20 parts by mass of soybean oil fatty acid methyl ester and 100 parts by mass of deionized water.
On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferable scheme of the scheme: the antistatic agent comprises 5-10 parts by mass of polyoxyethylene stearate, 3-5 parts by mass of polyoxyethylene laurate and 10-20 parts by mass of polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether.
On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferable scheme of the scheme: the hair oil also includes a modifier comprising glycerin, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, urea, semicarbazide.
On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferable scheme of the scheme: the rabbit hair fiber or the yak hair is subjected to surface treatment before the wool blending process, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, soaking in sodium hydrogen peroxide sulfate oxidizing solution for 25-30 minutes, wherein the technological parameters of potassium hydrogen peroxide sulfate surface treatment are as follows: 3-6% owf per-potassium hydrogen sulfate, pH 3-5, bath ratio 1: 20-30 min for 25-30 min; then soaking in sodium sulfite reducing solution for 15-20 min, soaking in hydrogen peroxide for 0.5-1 min, washing with water, treating with silk and wool protease for 50-60 min, inactivating enzyme for 8-12 min, washing with water, and oven drying.
The invention also relates to domestic animal hair and down and domestic polylactic acid fiber blended yarn prepared by the spinning production process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a domestic wool fiber and polylactic acid fiber blended yarn and a worsted production process, which can improve the utilization rate of domestic wool, rabbit hair and yak hair by utilizing the good spinnability of synthetic polylactic acid fiber to be mixed with the domestic wool, rabbit hair and yak hair, and can prepare the wool-containing blended yarn meeting the requirements of knitting and tatting. The blended yarn prepared by adopting a proper process meets the standards of FZ/T71008-2008 worsted wool knitting yarn.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example one
The spinning production process of the domestic animal hair and down and domestic polylactic acid fiber blended yarn is characterized by comprising the following steps of: selecting raw materials, performing a previous process and spinning; the former process comprises the following steps: preparing strips from polylactic acid fibers, preparing strips from wool fibers, mixing strips, gilling, combing, three-needle and four-needle; the spinning process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of needle threading, two-needle threading, three-needle threading, four-needle threading, roving without twisting, roving with twisting, spun yarn threading, doubling, double twisting and sizing.
The raw material selection refers to selecting 20% of domestic wool fibers and 80% of domestic polylactic acid short fibers; the domestic wool fibers at least comprise one of domestic wool, cashmere fibers, domestic rabbit hair fibers or domestic yak hair and yak wool fibers. In this example, domestic wool fibers were selected. Domestic wool needs to be subjected to pretreatment processes such as wool washing and impurity removal before use, so that impurities contained in the domestic wool meet the carding requirement. The average length of the domestic wool used was 51.35 mm.
The polylactic acid fiber slivering is that the polylactic acid fiber is carded by a carding machine to be slivering, and the quantitative amount is 15g/5 m; the polylactic acid fiber carding technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed of the wool feeding roller is 1.5r/min, the rotating speed of a chest cylinder is 45r/min, the rotating speed of a working roller is 10r/min, the rotating speed of a cylinder is 90r/min, the rotating speed of a doffer is 5.5r/min, and the distance between the working roller and the cylinder is 30, 25 and 25 mm. The selected polylactic acid fiber had a length of 51mm and a fineness of 1.56D.
The wool making process comprises a wool making process and a wool carding process; the mixing process route is as follows: domestic wool fibers and domestic polylactic acid short fibers → an opener → a cabin → a passage of an air duct → a cabin → a closed space for 24 hours.
Preparing an emulsion consisting of 4% of antistatic agent, 3% of wool oil, 0.1% of bonding agent and 0.1% of silica sol, and uniformly spraying the emulsion on the surface of the domestic wool fiber according to 10% of the weight of the domestic wool fiber; the silica sol contains 20% of silica particles, and the diameter of the silica particles is 10 nanometers.
The wool oil comprises castor oil methyl ester, Turkey red oil, oleic acid, polyquaternium cationic surfactant, coconut monoethanolamide disodium sulfosuccinate, methyl stearate polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, soybean oil fatty acid methyl ester and deionized water.
Further, the wool oil comprises 30 parts by mass of castor oil methyl ester, 25 parts by mass of Turkey red oil, 1 part by mass of oleic acid, 3 parts by mass of a polyquaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, 2 parts by mass of disodium cocomonoethanolamide sulfosuccinate monoester, 1 part by mass of methyl stearate polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, 3 parts by mass of sodium fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 15 parts by mass of soybean oil fatty acid methyl ester and 100 parts by mass of deionized water.
The antistatic agent at least comprises one of polyoxyethylene stearate, polyoxyethylene ketone laurate and polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether. In this embodiment, a mixture of the three is selected.
Further, the antistatic agent comprises 5 parts by mass of polyoxyethylene stearate, 3 parts by mass of polyoxyethylene laurate and 10 parts by mass of polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether.
The wool carding and sliver making process of the wool fibers comprises the following specific steps: the rotating speed of the cylinder is reduced to 300r/min, the rotating speed of the licker-in roller is reduced to 680r/min, the feeding space between the licker-in roller and the cotton feeding plate is 0.37mm, the space between the licker-in roller and the cylinder is 0.18mm, the space between the cylinder and the cover plate at 5 points is 0.30, 0.25 and 0.30mm, and the space between the cylinder and the doffer is 0.125 mm; doffer rotation speed is 20r/min, cover plate linear speed is 80mm/min, and dry basis weight is 20g/5 m.
The mixing strip comprises two needle combs, 0.2% of wool oil, 0.2% of antistatic agent, 0.15% of cohesive agent and 16% -17% of controlled moisture regain are added when the first needle of the strip mixing procedure is used. Blending the strips according to the content of the wool and the polylactic acid. The carding stage adopts two gills, the whole technology of 'large gauge, light ration and low vehicle speed' is adopted, and meanwhile carding elements of the gill box are reformed, namely, faller type carding is reformed into needle ring type rotary carding, the needle ring in rotary motion has soft action, so that a large amount of static electricity generated by mutual friction between the faller and the fiber which move up and down rapidly is avoided, effective carding and straight fiber are realized through the motion of a front drafting leather roller, the quantity of wool particles in a fiber layer is effectively controlled, and the evenness of the wool is improved.
The length of the feeding wool and the drawing gauge distance during combing are respectively 6mm and 35mm, so that the phenomenon of napping caused by unclear carding of a cylinder is avoided. And a top comb sheet is added during combing, so that double-top comb combing is realized, and wool particles and short fibers are effectively removed. Furthermore, a carding component combining a comb needle type gill with a spiral gill is adopted, the comb needle type gill is firstly utilized to pretreat fibers, the fibers are straightened, the spiral gill is utilized to increase carding strength, and the wool particle removing efficiency is improved.
In the previous working procedure, the space between the three needles and the four needles is 23mm and 25mm respectively. In the spinning process, the gauge of the head needle, the second needle, the third needle and the fourth needle is 25mm,
the twist multiplier of the twisted roving is 30. Because the fiber fineness is discrete greatly, in order to prevent the rough details and the evenness from being uneven due to overlarge drafting, a step-by-step drafting mode is adopted in the roving stage, namely, the total drafting multiple of the roving is distributed into the twistless roving and the twisted roving, the twistless roving process is subjected to pre-drafting, and the twisted roving process is used for straightening and twisting fibers so as to increase the cohesive force of the fibers, reduce the longitudinal slippage of the fibers and improve the evenness of the roving. The draft ratio of the twistless roving was 10, and the draft ratio of the twisty roving was 4.
The spinning process adopts a compact siro spinning production process, and the key process of the compact siro spinning is to control the size of the air suction negative pressure and the air suction double-groove interval. The negative pressure of air suction is higher, the air flow fully gathers the fiber, the hairiness can be better controlled, and the resultant yarn hairiness is less. However, the excessive negative pressure affects the free transfer of fibers during the combination and twisting of the yarns, thereby affecting the evenness of yarn. The space between the air suction double grooves also influences the quality of finished yarns, and the instability of a twisting triangle is increased due to the overlarge space, so that the yarn evenness is deteriorated. By carrying out compact siro spinning modification on an FA506 spinning machine and determining that the distance between inlets of air suction double grooves is 6-8mm, the performance of single yarn spun is better when the negative pressure is controlled at 500-1000 Pa. The main technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed of the front roller is 219r/min, the twist coefficient is 360, the distance between double bell mouths is 9mm, the total draft multiple is 55.3, the draft multiple of the rear zone is 1.25, the surface gauge of the roller is 22 multiplied by 40mm, the pressure of the front roller is 130N/double ingot, the pressure of the middle roller is 160N/double ingot, and the pressure of the rear roller is 120N/double ingot; the spacing block is 2.2mm, and the ingot speed is 10000 r/min; the rubber roller used in the spinning process is a 75-degree slip drafting rubber roller with a concavity of 0.5 mm.
In the spooling process, the spooling tension is not more than 10% of the single yarn strength, and the relative humidity is controlled to be 75-80%.
And doubling and double twisting are carried out by adopting a high-speed doubling frame and a double twisting machine. The yarn doubling tension, the two-for-one twisting speed and the like can be automatically adjusted according to the requirements of varieties, so that the tension is uniform during twisting, the unevenness rate of the twist is reduced, the quality is improved, 2 twists can be processed by the two-for-one twister every 1 revolution, and the production efficiency is improved by 1 time at the same ingot speed.
The yarn shaping process adopts a vacuum humidifying and shaping machine. The two types of setting equipment are adopted for the yarn which is subjected to doubling and double twisting at present, and the results of setting comparison process tests show that the vacuum humidifying setting machine has good effect, especially on semi-worsted products with higher twist and yarn count, and can ensure that the fabric has soft hand feeling and clear lines, does not have chicken claw-shaped defects and greatly shortens the setting time compared with natural setting twisting.
Further, dyeing of wool fibers is further included before raw material selection, and the specific dyeing process comprises preparation of a cationic fibroin auxiliary agent, modification and dyeing of wool by the cationic fibroin auxiliary agent.
The preparation method of the cationic fibroin auxiliary agent comprises the following steps:
A) the silk fiber is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight of 1: 50 adding 0.5 wt% Na2CO3Boiling and degumming in the solution for 30 minutes;
B) and (3) enabling the silk fiber subjected to the treatment to have a weight ratio of 1: 50 put into CaCl with the weight percentage concentration of 50 percent2Dissolving in the solution at 98 deg.C for 80 min, cooling the solution, filtering, placing the filtrate in a dialysis bag, dialyzing in deionized water, and obtaining pure fibroin solution after 72 hr;
C) and (3) placing the obtained fibroin solution in a spray dryer, and performing spray drying at the air inlet temperature of 200 ℃ and the air outlet temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain soluble fibroin powder for later use.
D) The mass ratio of the fibroin powder to the polyvinylamine cation crosslinking modifier is 1: 20, stirring the mixture for 5 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the cationic fibroin auxiliary agent, wherein the dosage of the sodium hydroxide is 4% of the mass of the cationic crosslinking modifier.
The method is characterized in that the cationic fibroin auxiliary agent is adopted to modify wool, and specifically comprises the following steps: putting 1g of wool fiber into a modifying solution containing an auxiliary agent 6% (owf), sodium carbonate 4% (owf) and a bath ratio of 1: 30, modifying at 60 ℃ for 20min, taking out the wool fiber, neutralizing with 5mL/L of an acetic acid solution 30mL, pickling for 10min, then washing with water, and drying to obtain the modified wool fiber.
Putting the modified wool fiber into a dye bath containing acetic acid and dye at the temperature of 60 ℃, wherein the bath ratio is 1: and 30, after dyeing for 60 minutes, adding sodium carbonate for fixation for 30 hours, and then washing with water to finish dyeing.
Example two
The spinning production process of the domestic animal hair and down and domestic polylactic acid fiber blended yarn is characterized by comprising the following steps of: selecting raw materials, performing a previous process and spinning; the former process comprises the following steps: preparing strips from polylactic acid fibers, preparing strips from wool fibers, mixing strips, gilling, combing, three-needle and four-needle; the spinning process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of needle threading, two-needle threading, three-needle threading, four-needle threading, roving without twisting, roving with twisting, spun yarn threading, doubling, double twisting and sizing.
The raw material selection refers to selecting 50% of domestic wool fibers and 50% of domestic polylactic acid short fibers; the domestic wool fibers at least comprise one of domestic wool, cashmere fibers, domestic rabbit hair fibers or domestic yak hair and yak wool fibers. The home-made wool and home-made rabbit hair selected in this example were according to a 1: 1, and mixing the fibers in the ratio of 1. Domestic wool needs to be subjected to pretreatment processes such as wool washing and impurity removal before use, so that impurities contained in the domestic wool meet the carding requirement. The average length of the domestic wool used was 51.35 mm.
The polylactic acid fiber slivering is that the polylactic acid fiber is carded by a carding machine to be slivering, and the quantitative amount is 15g/5 m; the polylactic acid fiber carding technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed of the wool feeding roller is 1.5r/min, the rotating speed of a chest cylinder is 45r/min, the rotating speed of a working roller is 10r/min, the rotating speed of a cylinder is 90r/min, the rotating speed of a doffer is 5.5r/min, and the distance between the working roller and the cylinder is 30, 25 and 25 mm. The selected polylactic acid fiber had a length of 51mm and a fineness of 1.56D.
The wool making process comprises a wool making process and a wool carding process; the mixing process route is as follows: domestic wool fibers and domestic polylactic acid short fibers → an opener → a cabin → a passage of an air duct → a cabin → a closed space for 24 hours.
Preparing an emulsion consisting of 4% of antistatic agent, 4% of wool oil, 0.12% of bonding agent and 0.13% of silica sol, and uniformly spraying the emulsion on the surface of the domestic wool fiber according to 12% of the weight of the domestic wool fiber; the silica sol contains 25% of silica particles, and the diameter of the silica particles is 15 nanometers.
The wool oil comprises castor oil methyl ester, Turkey red oil, oleic acid, polyquaternium cationic surfactant, coconut monoethanolamide disodium sulfosuccinate, methyl stearate polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, soybean oil fatty acid methyl ester and deionized water.
Further, the wool oil comprises 30 parts by mass of castor oil methyl ester, 25 parts by mass of Turkey red oil, 1 part by mass of oleic acid, 3 parts by mass of a polyquaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, 2 parts by mass of disodium cocomonoethanolamide sulfosuccinate monoester, 1 part by mass of methyl stearate polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, 3 parts by mass of sodium fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 15 parts by mass of soybean oil fatty acid methyl ester and 100 parts by mass of deionized water.
The antistatic agent at least comprises one of polyoxyethylene stearate, polyoxyethylene ketone laurate and polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether. In this embodiment, a mixture of the three is selected.
Further, the antistatic agent comprises 5 parts by mass of polyoxyethylene stearate, 3 parts by mass of polyoxyethylene laurate and 10 parts by mass of polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether.
The rabbit hair fiber has poor spinnability, so that the rabbit hair fiber is difficult to form a net, has poor holding power of wool tops, more flying and falling fur, low preparation rate and more hair falling in post processing and taking, and the surface of the rabbit hair fiber needs to be modified. And the hair oil further comprises a modifier comprising glycerin, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, urea, semicarbazide. Specifically, the modifier includes 30 parts by mass of glycerin, 10 parts by mass of cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, 5 parts by mass of urea, 10 parts by mass of semicarbazide, and 100 parts by mass of deionized water.
The rabbit hair fiber is subjected to surface treatment before the wool mixing process, and the method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, soaking in sodium hydrogen peroxide sulfate oxidizing solution for 25 minutes, wherein the technological parameters of potassium hydrogen peroxide surface treatment are as follows: 3% owf per-potassium hydrogen sulfate, pH 3, bath ratio 1: 20, time 25 min; then, the solution is put into sodium sulfite reducing solution for soaking for 15 minutes, then is soaked for 0.5 minute by hydrogen peroxide, is treated by silk and wool protease for 50 minutes after being washed, is inactivated for 8 minutes after the enzyme treatment is finished, and is dried after being washed by water.
The wool carding and sliver making process of the wool fibers comprises the following specific steps: the rotating speed of the cylinder is reduced to 300r/min, the rotating speed of the licker-in roller is reduced to 680r/min, the feeding space between the licker-in roller and the cotton feeding plate is 0.37mm, the space between the licker-in roller and the cylinder is 0.18mm, the space between the cylinder and the cover plate at 5 points is 0.30, 0.25 and 0.30mm, and the space between the cylinder and the doffer is 0.125 mm; doffer rotation speed is 20r/min, cover plate linear speed is 80mm/min, and dry basis weight is 20g/5 m.
The mixing strip comprises two needle combs, 0.4% of wool oil, 0.25% of antistatic agent, 0.15% of cohesive agent and 16% -17% of controlled moisture regain are added when the first needle of the strip mixing procedure is used. Blending the strips according to the content of the wool and the polylactic acid.
The length of the feeding wool and the drawing gauge distance during combing are respectively 6mm and 35mm, so that the phenomenon of napping caused by unclear carding of a cylinder is avoided. And a top comb sheet is added during combing, so that double-top comb combing is realized, and wool particles and short fibers are effectively removed. Furthermore, a carding component combining a comb needle type gill with a spiral gill is adopted, the comb needle type gill is firstly utilized to pretreat fibers, the fibers are straightened, the spiral gill is utilized to increase carding strength, and the wool particle removing efficiency is improved.
In the previous working procedure, the space between the three needles and the four needles is 23mm and 25mm respectively. In the spinning process, the gauge of the head needle, the second needle, the third needle and the fourth needle is 25mm,
the twist coefficient of the twisted roving is 30-35. The draft ratio of the twistless roving was 10, and the draft ratio of the twisty roving was 4.
By carrying out compact siro spinning modification on an FA506 spinning machine and determining that the distance between inlets of air suction double grooves is 6-8mm, the performance of single yarn spun is better when the negative pressure is controlled at 500-1000 Pa. The main technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed of the front roller is 219r/min, the twist coefficient is 360, the distance between double bell mouths is 9mm, the total draft multiple is 55.3, the draft multiple of the rear zone is 1.25, the surface gauge of the roller is 22 multiplied by 40mm, the pressure of the front roller is 130N/double ingot, the pressure of the middle roller is 160N/double ingot, and the pressure of the rear roller is 120N/double ingot; the spacing block is 2.2mm, and the ingot speed is 10000 r/min; the rubber roller used in the spinning process is a 75-degree slip drafting rubber roller with a concavity of 0.5 mm.
In the spooling process, the spooling tension is not more than 10% of the single yarn strength, and the relative humidity is controlled to be 75-80%.
And doubling and double twisting are carried out by adopting a high-speed doubling frame and a double twisting machine. The yarn shaping process adopts a vacuum humidifying and shaping machine.
EXAMPLE III
The spinning production process of the domestic animal hair and down and domestic polylactic acid fiber blended yarn is characterized by comprising the following steps of: selecting raw materials, performing a previous process and spinning; the former process comprises the following steps: preparing strips from polylactic acid fibers, preparing strips from wool fibers, mixing strips, gilling, combing, three-needle and four-needle; the spinning process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of needle threading, two-needle threading, three-needle threading, four-needle threading, roving without twisting, roving with twisting, spun yarn threading, doubling, double twisting and sizing.
The raw material selection refers to selecting 20% of domestic wool fibers and 80% of domestic polylactic acid short fibers; the domestic wool fibers at least comprise one of domestic wool, cashmere fibers, domestic rabbit hair fibers or domestic yak hair and yak wool fibers. Domestic wool fibers and domestic yak hair and yakwool fibers are selected in this example according to a ratio of 1: 1: 1 and mixing. Domestic wool needs to be subjected to pretreatment processes such as wool washing and impurity removal before use, so that impurities contained in the domestic wool meet the carding requirement. The average length of the domestic wool used was 51.35 mm.
The polylactic acid fiber slivering is that the polylactic acid fiber is carded by a carding machine to be slivering, and the quantitative amount is 15g/5 m; the polylactic acid fiber carding technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed of the wool feeding roller is 1.5r/min, the rotating speed of a chest cylinder is 45r/min, the rotating speed of a working roller is 10r/min, the rotating speed of a cylinder is 90r/min, the rotating speed of a doffer is 5.5r/min, and the distance between the working roller and the cylinder is 30, 25 and 25 mm. The selected polylactic acid fiber had a length of 51mm and a fineness of 1.56D.
The wool making process comprises a wool making process and a wool carding process; the mixing process route is as follows: domestic wool fibers and domestic polylactic acid short fibers → an opener → a cabin → a passage of an air duct → a cabin → a closed space for 24 hours.
Preparing an emulsion consisting of 4% of an antistatic agent, 5% of wool oil, 0.15% of a bonding agent and 0.15% of silica sol, and uniformly spraying the emulsion on the surface of the domestic wool fiber according to 15% of the weight of the domestic wool fiber; the silica sol contained 30% silica particles, the diameter of which was 20 nm.
The wool oil comprises castor oil methyl ester, Turkey red oil, oleic acid, polyquaternium cationic surfactant, coconut monoethanolamide disodium sulfosuccinate, methyl stearate polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, soybean oil fatty acid methyl ester and deionized water.
Further, the wool oil comprises 30 parts by mass of castor oil methyl ester, 25 parts by mass of Turkey red oil, 1 part by mass of oleic acid, 3 parts by mass of a polyquaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, 2 parts by mass of disodium cocomonoethanolamide sulfosuccinate monoester, 1 part by mass of methyl stearate polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, 3 parts by mass of sodium fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 15 parts by mass of soybean oil fatty acid methyl ester and 100 parts by mass of deionized water.
The antistatic agent at least comprises one of polyoxyethylene stearate, polyoxyethylene ketone laurate and polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether. In this embodiment, a mixture of the three is selected.
Further, the antistatic agent comprises 5 parts by mass of polyoxyethylene stearate, 3 parts by mass of polyoxyethylene laurate and 10 parts by mass of polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether.
Because the yak hair fiber has poor spinnability, the yak hair fiber is difficult to form a net, the cohesion of wool tops is poor, flying and falling fur are more, the preparation rate is low, the hair is more fallen in post processing and taking, and the surface of the yak hair fiber needs to be modified. And the hair oil further comprises a modifier comprising glycerin, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, urea, semicarbazide. Specifically, the modifier comprises 50 parts by mass of glycerin, 20 parts by mass of cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, 10 parts by mass of urea, 20 parts by mass of semicarbazide, and 100 parts by mass of deionized water.
The yak hair fiber is subjected to surface treatment before the wool mixing process, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, soaking in sodium hydrogen peroxide sulfate oxidizing solution for 30 minutes, wherein the technological parameters of potassium hydrogen peroxide surface treatment are as follows: 6% owf per-potassium hydrogen sulfate, pH 3-5, bath ratio 1: 30, time is 30 min; then the solution is put into sodium sulfite reducing solution for soaking for 20 minutes, then the solution is soaked for 1 minute by hydrogen peroxide, the wool protease is treated for 60 minutes after the water washing, the enzyme is inactivated for 12 minutes after the enzyme treatment is finished, and the wool protease is dried after the water washing.
The wool carding and sliver making process of the wool fibers comprises the following specific steps: the rotating speed of the cylinder is reduced to 300r/min, the rotating speed of the licker-in roller is reduced to 680r/min, the feeding space between the licker-in roller and the cotton feeding plate is 0.37mm, the space between the licker-in roller and the cylinder is 0.18mm, the space between the cylinder and the cover plate at 5 points is 0.30, 0.25 and 0.30mm, and the space between the cylinder and the doffer is 0.125 mm; doffer rotation speed is 20r/min, cover plate linear speed is 80mm/min, and dry basis weight is 20g/5 m.
The mixing strip comprises two needle combs, 0.5% of wool oil, 0.3% of antistatic agent, 0.15% of cohesive agent and 17% of controlled moisture regain are added during the first needle of the strip mixing process. Blending the strips according to the content of the wool and the polylactic acid.
The length of the feeding wool and the drawing gauge distance during combing are respectively 6mm and 35mm, so that the phenomenon of napping caused by unclear carding of a cylinder is avoided. And a top comb sheet is added during combing, so that double-top comb combing is realized, and wool particles and short fibers are effectively removed. Furthermore, a carding component combining a comb needle type gill with a spiral gill is adopted, the comb needle type gill is firstly utilized to pretreat fibers, the fibers are straightened, the spiral gill is utilized to increase carding strength, and the wool particle removing efficiency is improved.
In the previous working procedure, the space between the three needles and the four needles is 23mm and 25mm respectively. In the spinning process, the gauge of the head needle, the second needle, the third needle and the fourth needle is 25mm,
the twist coefficient of the twisted roving is 30-35. The draft ratio of the twistless roving was 10, and the draft ratio of the twisty roving was 4.
By carrying out compact siro spinning modification on an FA506 spinning machine and determining that the distance between inlets of air suction double grooves is 6-8mm, the performance of single yarn spun is better when the negative pressure is controlled at 500-1000 Pa. The main technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed of the front roller is 219r/min, the twist coefficient is 360, the distance between double bell mouths is 9mm, the total draft multiple is 55.3, the draft multiple of the rear zone is 1.25, the surface gauge of the roller is 22 multiplied by 40mm, the pressure of the front roller is 130N/double ingot, the pressure of the middle roller is 160N/double ingot, and the pressure of the rear roller is 120N/double ingot; the spacing block is 2.2mm, and the ingot speed is 10000 r/min; the rubber roller used in the spinning process is a 75-degree slip drafting rubber roller with a concavity of 0.5 mm.
In the spooling process, the spooling tension is not more than 10% of the single yarn strength, and the relative humidity is controlled to be 75-80%.
And doubling and double twisting are carried out by adopting a high-speed doubling frame and a double twisting machine. The yarn shaping process adopts a vacuum humidifying and shaping machine.
The yarn quality tests were conducted on the blended yarns prepared in examples one, two and three and the results are shown in the following table:
the test results reach 5% of the level of the Uster communique, the yarn forming effect is good, the prepared crude spun yarn completely reaches the standard of FZ/T71008-2008 worsted wool knitting yarn, and the problem of domestic animal wool worsted spinning is solved.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The spinning production process of blended yarn of domestic animal hair and down and domestic polylactic acid fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting raw materials, performing a previous process and spinning; the former process comprises the following steps: preparing strips from polylactic acid fibers, preparing strips from wool fibers, mixing strips, gilling, combing, three-needle and four-needle; the spinning process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) first needle, second needle, third needle, fourth needle, roving without twisting, roving with twisting, spun yarn, winding direction, doubling, double twisting and sizing;
the raw material selection refers to selecting 20-80% of domestic wool fibers and 80-20% of domestic polylactic acid short fibers; the domestic wool fibers at least comprise one of domestic wool, cashmere fibers, domestic rabbit hair fibers or domestic yak hair and yak wool fibers;
the polylactic acid fiber slivering is that the polylactic acid fiber is carded by a carding machine to be slivering, and the quantitative amount is 15g/5 m; the polylactic acid fiber carding technological parameters are as follows: the rotating speed of the wool feeding roller is 1.5r/min, the rotating speed of a chest cylinder is 45r/min, the rotating speed of a working roller is 10r/min, the rotating speed of a cylinder is 90r/min, the rotating speed of a doffer is 5.5r/min, and the distance between the working roller and the cylinder is 30, 25 and 25 mm;
the wool making process comprises a wool making process and a wool carding process; the mixing process route is as follows: domestic plush fibers and domestic polylactic acid short fibers → an opener → a cabin → a through an air duct → a cabin → stuffiness for 24 hours;
preparing an emulsion consisting of 4% of antistatic agent, 3-5% of wool oil, 0.1-0.15% of bonding agent and 0.1-0.15% of silica sol, and uniformly spraying the emulsion on the surface of the domestic wool fiber according to 10-15% of the weight of the domestic wool fiber; the silica sol contains 20-30% of silica particles, and the diameter of the silica particles is 10-20 nm;
the wool oil comprises castor oil methyl ester, Turkey red oil, oleic acid, polyquaternium cationic surfactant, coconut monoethanolamide disodium sulfosuccinate, methyl stearate polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, soybean oil fatty acid methyl ester and deionized water;
the antistatic agent at least comprises one of polyoxyethylene stearate, polyoxyethylene ketone laurate and polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether;
the wool carding and sliver making process of the wool fibers comprises the following specific steps: the rotating speed of the cylinder is reduced to 300r/min, the rotating speed of the licker-in roller is reduced to 680r/min, the feeding space between the licker-in roller and the cotton feeding plate is 0.37mm, the space between the licker-in roller and the cylinder is 0.18mm, the space between the cylinder and the cover plate at 5 points is 0.30, 0.25 and 0.30mm, and the space between the cylinder and the doffer is 0.125 mm; doffer rotation speed is 20r/min, cover plate linear speed is 80mm/min, and dry basis weight is 20g/5 m;
the mixing strip comprises two needle combs, 0.2-0.5% of wool oil, 0.2-0.3% of antistatic agent and 0.15% of cohesive agent are added during the first needle of the strip mixing process, and the moisture regain is controlled to be 16-17%;
the length of the wool feeding and the drawing gauge distance during combing are respectively 6mm and 35 mm;
the twist coefficient of the twisted roving is 30-35;
the spinning process adopts a compact siro spinning production process, and the main process parameters are as follows: the rotating speed of the front roller is 219r/min, the twist coefficient is 360, the distance between double bell mouths is 9mm, the total draft multiple is 55.3, the draft multiple of the rear zone is 1.25, the surface gauge of the roller is 22 multiplied by 40mm, the pressure of the front roller is 130N/double ingot, the pressure of the middle roller is 160N/double ingot, and the pressure of the rear roller is 120N/double ingot; the spacing block is 2.2mm, and the ingot speed is 10000 r/min; the rubber roller used in the spinning process is a 75-degree middle concave 0.5mm slipping drafting rubber roller;
in the spooling process, the spooling tension is not more than 10% of the single yarn strength, and the relative humidity is controlled to be 75-80%.
2. The domestic animal hair, down and domestic polylactic acid fiber blended yarn worsted production process according to claim 1, wherein the wool blending oil comprises 30-40 parts by mass of castor oil methyl ester, 25-30 parts by mass of turkey red oil, 1-2 parts by mass of oleic acid, 3-5 parts by mass of polyquaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, 2-4 parts by mass of coconut monoethanolamide disodium sulfosuccinate, 1-3 parts by mass of methyl stearate polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, 3-5 parts by mass of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 15-20 parts by mass of soybean oil fatty acid methyl ester and 100 parts by mass of deionized water.
3. The worsted production process of the domestic animal hair, down and domestic polylactic acid fiber blended yarn according to claim 1, wherein the antistatic agent comprises 5-10 parts by mass of polyoxyethylene stearate, 3-5 parts by mass of polyoxyethylene laurate ketone and 10-20 parts by mass of polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether.
4. The spinning production process of blended yarn of domestic animal hair, down and domestic polylactic acid fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the wool oil further comprises a modifier, and the modifier comprises glycerin, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, urea, semicarbazide.
5. The spinning production process of blended yarn of domestic animal hair, down and domestic polylactic acid fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the rabbit hair fiber or yak hair is subjected to surface treatment before the wool blending process, specifically as follows: firstly, soaking in sodium hydrogen peroxide sulfate oxidizing solution for 25-30 minutes, wherein the technological parameters of potassium hydrogen peroxide sulfate surface treatment are as follows: 3-6% owf per-potassium hydrogen sulfate, pH 3-5, bath ratio 1: 20-30 min for 25-30 min; then soaking in sodium sulfite reducing solution for 15-20 min, soaking in hydrogen peroxide for 0.5-1 min, washing with water, treating with silk and wool protease for 50-60 min, inactivating enzyme for 8-12 min, washing with water, and oven drying.
6. Domestic animal hair, down and domestic polylactic acid fiber blended yarn prepared by the worsted production process according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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