CN114016149B - Cellulose fiber, cellulose fiber dispersion liquid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cellulose fiber, cellulose fiber dispersion liquid and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114016149B CN114016149B CN202111023678.8A CN202111023678A CN114016149B CN 114016149 B CN114016149 B CN 114016149B CN 202111023678 A CN202111023678 A CN 202111023678A CN 114016149 B CN114016149 B CN 114016149B
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- cellulose fiber
- cellulose
- fiber
- cellulose fibers
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- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- -1 ammonium carboxylate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000218631 Coniferophyta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 241000183024 Populus tremula Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 34
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N levoglucosan Chemical group O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2CO[C@@H]1O2 TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001046 Nanocellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002201 Oxidized cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940107304 oxidized cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
- D21C1/04—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting with acid reacting compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
- D21C1/06—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting with alkaline reacting compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/02—Washing ; Displacing cooking or pulp-treating liquors contained in the pulp by fluids, e.g. wash water or other pulp-treating agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/18—De-watering; Elimination of cooking or pulp-treating liquors from the pulp
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses cellulose fibers, cellulose fiber dispersion liquid and a preparation method thereof. The cellulose fibers are cellulose fibers comprising ammonium carboxylate salts; wherein the average content of the ammonium carboxylate salt is 0.1-0.2 mmol/mol glucose; the average diameter of the cellulose fiber is 5-45 nm. The cellulose fiber product prepared from the cellulose fiber and the cellulose fiber dispersion liquid has excellent mechanical property and barrier property, large tensile strength, elastic modulus and fracture index and low oxygen permeability; the preparation method is simple and is beneficial to realizing industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to cellulose fibers, cellulose fiber dispersions, and methods of making the same.
Background
Cellulose has the characteristics of wide sources, low price and ecology friendliness, and is therefore widely focused and studied. However, strong hydrogen bonding interactions are prevalent among cellulose molecules and are not readily soluble in most common solvents, and thus, processing into cellulose materials is difficult. Currently, in order to improve the mechanical properties of cellulose membranes or cellulose fibers, specific solvents such as ionic liquids and aqueous sodium hydroxide/urea solutions are generally used to dissolve cellulose; alternatively, this is accomplished by disrupting the hydrogen bonding between cellulose molecules, forming cellulose nanocrystals and cellulose nanofibers.
Among them, the oxidation method is to break the hydrogen bonding between cellulose by using some chemical reagents with strong oxidizing property, so that the arrangement between cellulose becomes loose and the hydroxyl groups at some specific positions of cellulose can be oxidized into carboxyl groups. The most studied at present is the 2, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO) induced oxidation method, generally using TEMPO-NaBr-NaClO system. However. The TEMPO-induced oxidation method adopts an environment-friendly hypochlorite, and the hypochlorite can generate chlorine when heated in water, so that the TEMPO-induced oxidation method is extremely harmful to the environment, and the industrialization of the TEMPO-induced oxidation method is severely limited. Moreover, the carboxyl cellulose fibers obtained by TEMPO-induced oxidation generally require dispersion with an organic base and produce a fibrous membrane, but have poor barrier properties. Taking organic amine as an example, the volume of carbon chains in the organic amine is far greater than that of hydrogen atoms, so that the carbon chains in the organic amine have larger steric hindrance, thereby being beneficial to increasing the distance between nanocellulose, preventing the formation of hydrogen bonds and reducing the possibility of aggregation, and further being beneficial to the dispersion of cellulose fibers; however, the greater steric hindrance of the carbon chains in the organic amine also impedes the forces between adjacent two cellulose fibers, resulting in a significant increase in amorphous domains during film formation, which ultimately results in a substantial decrease in the barrier properties of the cellulose film.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a cellulosic fiber, and a cellulosic fiber dispersion, that provides a cellulosic material having excellent mechanical properties and barrier properties.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect of poor mechanical property and barrier property of a cellulose membrane prepared from cellulose fibers and cellulose fiber dispersion liquid in the prior art, and provides the cellulose fibers, the cellulose fiber dispersion liquid and a preparation method thereof. The cellulose fiber product prepared from the cellulose fiber and the cellulose fiber dispersion liquid has excellent mechanical property and barrier property, large tensile strength, elastic modulus and fracture index and low oxygen permeability; the preparation method is simple and is beneficial to realizing industrial production.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
one of the technical schemes provided by the invention is as follows: a cellulose fiber, the cellulose fiber being a cellulose fiber comprising an ammonium carboxylate salt; in the cellulose fiber, the average content of the ammonium carboxylate salt is 0.1-0.2 mmol/mol glucose;
the average diameter of the cellulose fiber is 5-45 nm.
The average content of the ammonium carboxylate salts is preferably 0.12 to 0.18mmol/mol glucose, for example 0.17mmol/mol glucose.
The cellulose fibers preferably have an average diameter of 18 to 32nm.
The cellulose fibers may have a linear expansion coefficient of (3 to 4). Times.10 -6 ·K -1 。
The length of the cellulose fiber can be 50-200 nm; preferably 100 to 200nm.
The degree of polymerization of the cellulose fibers may be 150 to 400; preferably 200 to 400.
The molecular weight of the cellulose fiber can be 27-72 kDa; preferably 40-72 kDa.
The crystalline type of the cellulose fiber may be beta-type.
The crystallinity of the cellulose fiber may be 70-95%; preferably 80 to 90%.
The interplanar spacing of the cellulose fiber is 0.38-0.42 nm.
Preferably, in the cellulose fiber, there is one non-crystalline region every two adjacent crystalline regions.
The second technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a method of making cellulosic fibers comprising the steps of:
(a1) Uniformly mixing the raw materials with an ammonium persulfate solution, and reacting under the condition of UV radiation; wherein the raw material is paper pulp or plant-based fiber;
(a2) Adjusting the pH value of the suspension obtained in the step (a 1) to 7-9 by adopting ammonia water, and washing until no precipitate exists in the barium chloride titration;
(a3) And (3) drying the suspension obtained in the step (a 2) to obtain the cellulose fiber.
In step (a 1), the plant-based fiber is preferably conifer wood flour and/or hardwood wood flour. The broad-leaved wood powder is preferably fast-growing poplar wood powder.
The order of mixing may be conventional in the art, preferably the starting materials are added to the ammonium persulfate solution.
The concentration of the ammonium persulfate solution is preferably 0.5-2 mol/L; more preferably 1.5 to 1.8mol/L.
The wavelength range of the UV radiation is preferably 200-350 nm; more preferably 250 to 270nm.
The time of the UV radiation is preferably 8-24 hours; more preferably 10 to 18 hours.
In the step (a 2), the pH of the suspension obtained in the step (1) is preferably adjusted to 7 by using ammonia water.
The washing may be conventional in the art, preferably centrifugal washing. In step (a 3), the drying may be conventional in the art, preferably freeze drying.
The third technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a cellulosic fiber produced by the process as described above.
The cellulose fibers are preferably in the form of a powder.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a cellulosic fiber dispersion comprising: cellulose fibers as previously described, and, a solvent;
the solvent is water and/or alcohol solvent.
The alcohols may be conventional in the art, such as one or more of ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, and 2-butanol; ethanol is preferred.
The pH value of the cellulose fiber dispersion liquid can be 6-8; preferably 7.
The pH value is preferably adjusted by ammonia water.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a method for preparing cellulose fiber dispersion liquid comprises mixing cellulose fiber as described above and solvent as described above.
The mixing may be conventional in the art, preferably ultrasonic mixing.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a cellulosic material comprising cellulosic fibres as hereinbefore described, or a cellulosic fibre dispersion as hereinbefore described.
On the basis of conforming to the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred examples of the invention.
The reagents and materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
The invention has the positive progress effects that: the cellulose fiber product prepared from the cellulose fiber and the cellulose fiber dispersion liquid has excellent mechanical property and barrier property, large tensile strength, elastic modulus and fracture index and low oxygen permeability; the preparation method is simple and is beneficial to realizing industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an infrared spectrum of the cellulose fiber in example 1.
Fig. 2 is a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) image of the cellulose fiber in example 1.
Fig. 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) of the cellulose fiber in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by means of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, were selected according to conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial specifications.
Example 1
1. Preparation of cellulose fibers
(a1) 2.5g of paper pulp fiber is weighed and added into a reaction kettle, 250mL of ammonium persulfate solution with the concentration of 1.5mol/L is added, the mixture is uniformly mixed, and UV radiation is carried out for 18 hours under the wavelength of 250nm, so that white suspension is obtained.
(a2) Adjusting the pH value of the white suspension obtained in the step (a 1) to 7 by ammonia water; the white suspension was then centrifuged at 12000r/min for 10min, after centrifugation was completed, the supernatant was removed, the white solid was transferred to a 500mL beaker, and then washed with 200mL deionized water and shaken. Repeating the centrifugation and the washing for 4-5 times, and removing ions in a free state in the suspension until no precipitate is generated by titration with a barium chloride solution.
(a3) And (3) freeze-drying the suspension obtained in the step (a 2) to obtain powdery ammonium carboxylate type fine cellulose fibers.
2. Preparation of cellulose Dispersion (cellulose fiber-polyvinyl alcohol Mixed gum)
200g of polyvinyl alcohol (polymerization degree 2000, hydrolysis degree 99%) was slowly added to 2000mL of deionized water at room temperature while stirring, 8g of the above-mentioned ammonium carboxylate salt type fine cellulose fiber, which was absolutely dried, was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, and the resulting suspension was stirred at 90℃for 4 hours, and then homogenized at 10000rpm for 30 minutes, and subjected to ultrasonic deaeration at 90℃for 30 minutes, to obtain a transparent colloidal dispersion, namely a cellulose fiber-polyvinyl alcohol hybrid gel.
Example 2
In the step (a 1), the same as in example 1 was used as the wood powder of the fast-growing poplar.
Comparative example 1
In step (a 2), the pH value of the white suspension obtained in step (a 1) is adjusted to 7 by using aqueous methylamine solution; the same procedure as in example 1 was followed to obtain methylamine type fine and short cellulose.
Comparative example 2
In the step (a 2), the pH value of the white suspension obtained in the step (a 1) is adjusted to 7 by using an aqueous solution of propylamine; the same procedure as in example 1 was followed to obtain propylamine-type fine short cellulose.
Comparative example 3
In the step (a 2), ammonia water is not used for adjusting the pH value of the white suspension obtained in the step (a 1); the same procedure as in example 1 was followed to obtain a carboxylic acid type fine short cellulose.
Effect examples
1. Testing of the Property parameters of the cellulose fibers in the examples above
In the above examples, ammonium persulfate is oxidized without directly introducing ammonium ions to the cellulose surface. Ammonium persulfate oxidizes C6 hydroxyl groups on the surface of cellulose into carboxylic acid, and ammonium hydroxide in the ammonia water reacts with the carboxylic acid generated by oxidation to form ammonium carboxylate salt when the pH of the reaction solution is adjusted by ammonia water in the separation process.
In example 1, the white suspension obtained in step (a 1) comprising fine cellulose fibers, the infrared spectrum is shown as spectrum a in FIG. 1, and it can be seen that the wave number is 1740cm -1 An absorption peak attributed to c=o appears at; in the step (a 2), after the pH value of the white suspension is adjusted to 7 by ammonia water, the infrared spectrum is shown as a spectrum b in fig. 1.
It can be seen that after neutralization by addition of aqueous ammonia, the c=o absorption peak is shifted from 1740cm -1 Move to 1640cm -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the At the same time, as can be seen by comparing pattern a with pattern b in FIG. 1, pattern b is 1600cm -1 、800cm -1 NH in-plane deformation and out-of-plane deformation absorption peaks appear at the positions; in addition, map b shows that after neutralization with ammonia water, the reaction mixture was concentrated at 3300cm -1 The absorption peak of (2) became sharp, indicating that an N-H stretching vibration absorption peak occurred. And, compared with the map a, the map b is 3000-3600 cm -1 Three small peaks appear in the absorption peak of the interval.
It is thus shown that the H-bond forms of the fine cellulose fibers after ammonia neutralization are diversified, and only one H-bond form is present before ammonia neutralization: -O-H … O-H; there are at least three H bond forms after neutralization: (1) -N … HN-, -2) -N … HO-, -3) -NH … OH; these changes indicate that ammonium carboxylate salts are already present in the fine cellulose fibers.
The content of oxidized cellulose into carboxylic acid was measured as follows: 100mg of cellulose fiber solid powder was weighed, added to 50mL of 0.01mol/L HCl solution, and dispersed uniformly by ultrasound to obtain a suspension. The suspension was titrated with 0.02mol/L NaOH solution to give a titrated solution. And measuring the change condition of the conductivity of the titrated solution by using a conductivity meter, and obtaining a curve of the change of the conductivity along with the volume change of the NaOH solution. The formula of the carboxylic acid content (DO) in the cellulose is shown as formula (I):
in formula (I): (V) 2 -V 1 ) Volume of NaOH solution (mL) consumed for carboxyl groups in cellulose;
c is the concentration (mol/L) of NaOH solution;
w is the mass (mg) of the cellulose sample;
162 is the relative molecular mass (g/mol) of the anhydroglucose unit;
36 is the difference (g/mol) between sodium gluconate and Anhydroglucose (AGU).
DO units mmol/mol glucose.
Wherein, cellulose is combined with sufficient excessive ammonium ions in the system after being oxidized into carboxylic acid to form ammonium carboxylate salt; the molar content of the ammonium carboxylate salt is generally equal to the molar content of carboxylic acid in the oxidized cellulose.
Through the above test, the content of the ammonium carboxylate salt in the cellulose fibers in examples 1 to 2 was 0.17mmol/mol glucose.
The average diameter of the cellulose fibers in examples 1 to 2 was measured to be 18 to 32nm by using Gatan DigitalMicrograph software based on TEM images.
XRD measurement was performed on the cellulose fiber obtained in example 1 using an X-ray diffractometer, and the 002 plane lattice length of the cellulose fiber in example 1 was 5 to 6nm as calculated from the XRD pattern (see FIG. 3). In connection with the TEM image analysis in FIG. 2, the cellulose fibers of example 1 have a length of 50 to 200nm. Moreover, as can be seen from FIG. 2, the cellulose fiber of example 1 has a greater softness, i.e., one amorphous region per two adjacent crystalline regions. Otherwise, the TEM images should be shown as rigid rather than flexible in fig. 2.
According to the XRD curve (as in FIG. 3), the XRD curve is deconvolved using Peakfit software, and crystallinity is defined as the ratio of the area of all crystallographic plane peaks to the total area under the XRD curve. The average crystallinity of the cellulose fibers in examples 1 to 2 was calculated to be 80 to 90%.
2. Mechanical and Barrier Property test
And (3) casting the cellulose fiber-polyvinyl alcohol mixed glue prepared in the example or the comparative example into a film, drying at 50 ℃ and a relative humidity of 70%, and hot-pressing at 120 ℃ and a relative humidity of 2MPa to obtain the cellulose fiber composite film. And testing the mechanical properties of the alloy.
The tensile strength, elastic modulus and fracture index of the above cellulose fiber composite membrane samples were tested using a universal material testing machine according to GBT1040.2006 film test standards. Wherein, the thickness of the test sample is 12 μm and the length is 150mm. The nip was 50mm and the draw rate was 10mm/min.
According to the coulometer detection method of oxygen permeability test of plastic film and sheet of packaging material of GB/T19789-2005, wherein the temperature is 23 ℃ and the relative humidity is 0-3%; the cellulose fiber composite membrane was tested for oxygen transmission rate.
The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
From the above test results, it can be seen that the composite films prepared by using the cellulose fibers in examples 1 to 2 have better mechanical properties and barrier properties, and the tensile strength, elastic modulus, fracture index and oxygen transmission rate are significantly better than those of comparative examples 1 to 3. This is because the ammonium ions in cellulose fibers comprising ammonium carboxylates are able to act as "bridges" between cellulose molecules, which both contribute to a reduction in autopolymerization and promote the formation of hydrogen bonds. Specifically, when ammonium persulfate oxidizes pulp or plant-based fibers, hydroxyl groups at the 6-position in cellulose may be oxidized to carboxylic acids, which react with aqueous ammonia to form salts, i.e., ammonium carboxylate cellulose. On the one hand, the nitrogen element in the ammonium ion of the ammonium carboxylate type cellulose forms a hydrogen bond with the hydrogen element in the hydroxyl group of the other ammonium carboxylate type cellulose; on the other hand, the hydrogen element in the ammonium ion of the ammonium carboxylate type cellulose forms a hydrogen bond with the oxygen element in the hydroxyl group of another ammonium carboxylate type cellulose. At the same time, the hydrogen bonding between the nanocellulose and the hydrophilic substrate is increased. Therefore, the crosslinking between cellulose fibers and a substrate is increased, thereby improving the mechanical properties and barrier properties of the cellulose film.
Claims (21)
1. A cellulose fiber, characterized in that the cellulose fiber is a cellulose fiber comprising an ammonium carboxylate salt; in the cellulose fiber, the average content of the ammonium carboxylate salt is 0.1-0.2 mmol/mol glucose;
the average diameter of the cellulose fiber is 18-45 nm; the crystallinity of the cellulose fiber is 80-95%;
the preparation method of the cellulose fiber comprises the following steps:
(a1) Uniformly mixing the raw materials with an ammonium persulfate solution, and reacting under the condition of UV radiation; wherein the raw material is paper pulp or plant-based fiber; the concentration of the ammonium persulfate solution is 1.5-2 mol/L;
(a2) Adjusting the pH value of the suspension obtained in the step (a 1) to 7-9 by adopting ammonia water, and washing until no precipitate exists in the barium chloride titration;
(a3) And (3) drying the suspension obtained in the step (a 2) to obtain the cellulose fiber.
2. The cellulose fiber according to claim 1, wherein the average content of the ammonium carboxylate salt is 0.12 to 0.18mmol/mol glucose;
and/or the average diameter of the cellulose fiber is 18-32 nm;
and/or the cellulose fiber has a linear expansion coefficient of (3-4) x 10 -6 ·K -1 ；
And/or the length of the cellulose fiber is 50-200 nm;
and/or the degree of polymerization of the cellulose fibers is 150 to 400;
and/or the molecular weight of the cellulose fiber is 27-72 kDa;
and/or the crystalline type of the cellulose fiber is beta-type;
and/or the crystallinity of the cellulose fiber is 80-90%;
and/or, the interplanar spacing of the cellulose fiber is 0.38-0.42 nm;
and/or, in the cellulose fiber, every two adjacent crystallization regions have an amorphous region.
3. The cellulose fiber according to claim 2, wherein the ammonium carboxylate salt has an average content of 0.17mmol/mol glucose;
and/or the length of the cellulose fiber is 100-200 nm;
and/or the degree of polymerization of the cellulose fibers is 200 to 400;
and/or the molecular weight of the cellulose fiber is 40-72 kDa.
4. A method for preparing cellulose fibers, comprising the steps of:
(a1) Uniformly mixing the raw materials with an ammonium persulfate solution, and reacting under the condition of UV radiation; wherein the raw material is paper pulp or plant-based fiber; the concentration of the ammonium persulfate solution is 1.5-2 mol/L;
(a2) Adjusting the pH value of the suspension obtained in the step (a 1) to 7-9 by adopting ammonia water, and washing until no precipitate exists in the barium chloride titration;
(a3) And (3) drying the suspension obtained in the step (a 2) to obtain the cellulose fiber.
5. The method of producing cellulose fiber according to claim 4, wherein in step (a 1), the plant-based fiber is conifer wood flour and/or hardwood wood flour;
and/or, in the step (a 2), adjusting the pH value of the suspension obtained in the step (a 1) to 7 by adopting ammonia water;
and/or, in step (a 3), the drying method is freeze drying.
6. The method of making cellulose fibers according to claim 5, wherein the hardwood wood flour is aspen wood flour.
7. The method for producing cellulose fibers according to claim 5, wherein in step (a 1), the order of mixing is to add the raw materials to the ammonium persulfate solution.
8. The method for producing cellulose fibers according to claim 5, wherein in step (a 1), the concentration of the ammonium persulfate solution is 1.5 to 1.8mol/L.
9. The method of producing cellulose fiber according to claim 5, wherein in step (a 1), the wavelength of the UV radiation ranges from 200 to 350nm.
10. The method of producing cellulose fibers according to claim 9, wherein in step (a 1), the UV radiation has a wavelength ranging from 250 to 270nm.
11. The method of producing cellulose fibers according to claim 5, wherein in step (a 1), the time of the UV irradiation is 8 to 24 hours.
12. The method of producing cellulose fibers according to claim 11, wherein in step (a 1), the UV irradiation is performed for a time period of 10 to 18 hours.
13. The method of producing cellulose fibers according to claim 5, wherein in step (a 2), the washing is centrifugal washing.
14. Cellulose fiber, characterized in that it is produced by the production process according to any one of claims 4 to 13.
15. The cellulose fiber according to claim 14, wherein the cellulose fiber is in the form of a powder.
16. A cellulose fiber dispersion, characterized in that it comprises: the cellulosic fiber of any of claims 1-3 and 14-15, and a solvent;
the solvent is water and/or alcohol solvent.
17. The cellulosic fiber dispersion of claim 16 wherein the alcohol is one or more of ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, and 2-butanol;
and/or the pH value of the cellulose fiber dispersion liquid is 6-8;
and/or the pH value is obtained by adjusting by adopting ammonia water.
18. The cellulosic fiber dispersion of claim 17 wherein the alcohol is ethanol;
and/or the cellulose fiber dispersion has a pH of 7.
19. A method of preparing a cellulose fiber dispersion according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the cellulose fibers according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 14 to 15, and the solvent according to claim 16 are mixed.
20. The method of preparing a cellulosic fiber dispersion of claim 19 wherein the mixing is ultrasonic mixing.
21. A cellulosic material, characterized in that it comprises the cellulosic fibers of any one of claims 1-3 and 14-15, or the cellulosic fiber dispersion of any one of claims 16-18.
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