CN114015865A - Method for reducing laterite-nickel ore by using waste cathode carbon - Google Patents
Method for reducing laterite-nickel ore by using waste cathode carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN114015865A CN114015865A CN202111358714.6A CN202111358714A CN114015865A CN 114015865 A CN114015865 A CN 114015865A CN 202111358714 A CN202111358714 A CN 202111358714A CN 114015865 A CN114015865 A CN 114015865A
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- laterite
- nickel ore
- cathode carbon
- waste cathode
- nickel
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 39
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052889 tremolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001356 Nickel pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/005—Preliminary treatment of ores, e.g. by roasting or by the Krupp-Renn process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for reducing laterite-nickel ore by using waste cathode carbon, belonging to the technical field of laterite-nickel ore resource utilization. The low-grade laterite-nickel ore and the waste cathode carbon are respectively crushed and ground until the granularity is-0.074 mm and accounts for more than 80 percent, and then the low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder and the waste cathode carbon powder are obtained through sieving and drying; and uniformly mixing the low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder and the waste cathode carbon powder, uniformly heating to 1150-1300 ℃ under a protective atmosphere, and carrying out high-temperature reduction roasting to obtain roasted ore. The method has simple process and higher nickel and iron reduction rate, not only effectively reduces the coking consumption of ferronickel metallurgy, but also realizes the reutilization of the waste cathode carbon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for reducing laterite-nickel ore by using waste cathode carbon, belonging to the technical field of laterite-nickel ore resource utilization.
Background
Nickel has the functions of keeping austenite structure, good strength and toughness and excellent cold and hot workability in stainless steel. The content of nickel in austenitic stainless steel is high, but the cost is high due to lack of nickel resources, which becomes an important factor hindering the development of stainless steel, and in order to deal with the current situation of high cost in the production process of stainless steel, the development and utilization of laterite-nickel ore and the production of low-cost ferronickel raw material from the laterite-nickel ore become an important trend. The laterite-nickel ore has extremely complex properties, certain production key technologies are not solved, and the wet process has the defects of large equipment investment, high equipment requirement, strict requirements on the raw ore grade, the content of impurities such as calcium, magnesium and the like; the pyrometallurgical process has the defects of low nickel content in nickel pig iron, high production cost and the like, so that the large-scale development and utilization of the laterite-nickel ore are limited.
In the process of the laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgy, selective reduction roasting is a key process, and the quality of selectivity in the roasting process directly determines the recovery rate of nickel and cobalt. In the process of selectively reducing and roasting the laterite-nickel ore, coal and coal gas can be used as reducing agents. The coal gas is used as a reducing agent, so that the effective control of the reducing atmosphere is facilitated, but the reducing roasting atmosphere of the nickel iron ore is weaker. If coal gas is used as a reducing agent, a coal gas station needs to be built in the industrial production, the engineering difficulty is increased, and particularly, the large investment is required in a plateau area. The selection and the industrial application of efficient, cheap and easily stored and transported reducing agents in the reduction roasting process become bottleneck technologies for laterite-nickel ore smelting, and the solution is needed to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for reducing laterite-nickel ore by using waste cathode carbon, aiming at the problem of difficult reduction of ferronickel in the existing laterite-nickel ore, the invention uses the waste cathode carbon which is cheap and easy to obtain as a reducing agent and an accelerating agent, and low-grade laterite-nickel ore with proper granularity after screening, crushing and granulating treatment is subjected to high-temperature reduction by using a reduction roasting technology; CaF contained in waste cathode carbon2And sodium salt, CaF2Can generate tremolite with low melting point through solid phase reaction with high melting point silicate gangue in the laterite-nickel ore, so that the silicate mineral structure is changed from an island shape to a chain shape, the reaction activity of the silicate mineral is improved, the reduction of nickel and iron oxide is promoted, nickel and iron particles grow up, and the metallization rate of nickel and iron is further improved.
A method for reducing laterite-nickel ore by using waste cathode carbon comprises the following specific steps:
(1) respectively crushing and grinding the low-grade laterite-nickel ore and the waste cathode carbon until the granularity is-0.074 mm and accounts for more than 80%, sieving and drying to obtain low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder and waste cathode carbon powder;
(2) uniformly mixing low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder and waste cathode carbon powder, uniformly heating to 1150-1300 ℃ under a protective atmosphere, and carrying out high-temperature reduction roasting to obtain roasted ore;
the low-grade laterite-nickel ore in the step (1) contains 0.8-3.5% of Ni, 7-25% of Fe, 15-42% of MgO and SiO in percentage by mass2 18~46%；
The mass ratio of the low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder to the waste cathode carbon powder in the step (2) is 1: 0.08-0.20;
the high-temperature reduction roasting time is 60-90 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method adds waste cathode carbon powder into low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder and carries out high-temperature reduction roasting, wherein the waste cathode carbon contains CaF2And sodium salt, CaF2Can generate tremolite with low melting point through solid phase reaction with high melting point silicate gangue in the laterite-nickel ore, so that the structure of silicate mineral is changed from island shape to chain shape, the reaction activity of the silicate mineral is improved, the reduction of nickel and iron oxide is promoted, nickel and iron particles grow up, and the recovery rate of nickel and iron is further improved. The prepared ferronickel concentrate meets the national standard requirements, the content of nickel and iron in the ferronickel concentrate is high, and the reduction rate of nickel and iron is high;
(2) the invention simultaneously realizes the reutilization of the waste cathode carbon, and has the characteristics of low cost, low energy consumption and high efficiency.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the description.
Example 1: the low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder of the embodiment comprises, by mass, 1.1% of Ni, 9.4% of Fe, 28.7% of MgO, and SiO2 35.6%、Al2O32.0 percent; the waste cathode carbon powder contains 64.54 percent of C, 9.76 percent of Na, 12.82 percent of F, 3.62 percent of CaO and Al2O3 6.90%；
A method for reducing laterite-nickel ore by using waste cathode carbon comprises the following specific steps:
(1) respectively crushing and grinding the low-grade laterite-nickel ore and the waste cathode carbon until the granularity is-0.074 mm and accounts for more than 80%, sieving the crushed materials by a 200-mesh sieve, and drying the sieved materials at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder and waste cathode carbon powder;
(2) uniformly mixing 20g of low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder and 2g of waste cathode carbon powder, uniformly heating to 1320 ℃ under a protective atmosphere (nitrogen), and carrying out high-temperature reduction roasting for 60min to obtain roasted ore;
the ferronickel and ferronickel slag of the roasted ore are crushed to 150um, and then chemical and spectral analysis is carried out to obtain the components of nickel and iron, wherein the reduction rate of nickel in the laterite-nickel ore reaches 78 percent, and the reduction rate of iron reaches 65 percent.
Example 2: the low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder of the embodiment is a certain laterite-nickel ore in Yunnan, and contains, by mass, 1.02% of Ni, 11.38% of Fe, 17.73% of MgO, and 0% of Si243.90 percent; the waste cathode carbon powder contains 64.54 percent of C, 9.76 percent of Na, 12.82 percent of F, 3.62 percent of CaO and Al2O3 6.90%；
A method for reducing laterite-nickel ore by using waste cathode carbon comprises the following specific steps:
(1) respectively crushing and grinding the low-grade laterite-nickel ore and the waste cathode carbon until the granularity is-0.074 mm and accounts for more than 80%, sieving the crushed materials by a 200-mesh sieve, and drying the sieved materials at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 16 hours to obtain low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder and waste cathode carbon powder;
(2) uniformly mixing 20g of low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder and 2.8g of waste cathode carbon powder, uniformly heating to 1200 ℃ under a protective atmosphere (nitrogen), and carrying out high-temperature reduction roasting for 75min to obtain roasted ore;
the ferronickel and ferronickel slag of the roasted ore are crushed to 150um, and then chemical and spectral analysis is carried out to obtain the components of nickel and iron, wherein the reduction rate of nickel in the laterite-nickel ore reaches 90 percent, and the reduction rate of iron reaches 75 percent.
Comparative example: the low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder of the embodiment is a certain laterite-nickel ore in Yunnan, and contains, by mass, 1.02% of Ni, 11.38% of Fe, 17.73% of MgO, and 0% of Si243.90 percent; the anthracite powder contains 76.43 percent of fixed carbon and volatile matter7.78%, ash content 15.29% and water content 1.02%;
the method for reducing the laterite-nickel ore by using the anthracite comprises the following specific steps:
(1) crushing and grinding the low-grade laterite-nickel ore until the granularity is-0.074 mm and accounts for more than 80%, sieving by a 200-mesh sieve, and drying at 100 ℃ for 16h to obtain low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder;
(2) uniformly mixing 20g of low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder and 2.36g of anthracite powder, uniformly heating to 1200 ℃ under a protective atmosphere (nitrogen), and carrying out high-temperature reduction roasting for 75min to obtain roasted ore;
the ferronickel and ferronickel slag of the roasted ore are crushed to 150um, and then chemical and spectral analysis is carried out to obtain the components of nickel and iron, wherein the reduction rate of nickel in the laterite-nickel ore reaches 82 percent, and the reduction rate of iron reaches 55 percent.
Compared with the method of directly reducing the laterite-nickel ore by the anthracite, the method of the invention fully utilizes the CaF contained in the waste cathode carbon2And sodium salt, CaF2Can generate tremolite with low melting point through solid phase reaction with high melting point silicate gangue in the laterite-nickel ore, so that the structure of silicate mineral is changed from island shape to chain shape, the reaction activity of the silicate mineral is improved, the reduction of nickel and iron oxide is promoted, nickel-iron particles grow up, and the recovery rate of nickel and iron is further improved, therefore, the reduction rate of nickel and iron is higher than that of anthracite.
Example 3: the low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder of the embodiment is a certain laterite-nickel ore in Yunnan, and contains, by mass, 0.82% of Ni, 9.67% of Fe, 31.49% of MgO, and 0% of Si237.37 percent; the waste cathode carbon powder contains 64.54 percent of C, 9.76 percent of Na, 12.82 percent of F, 3.62 percent of CaO and Al2O3 6.90%；
A method for reducing laterite-nickel ore by using waste cathode carbon comprises the following specific steps:
(1) respectively crushing and grinding the low-grade laterite-nickel ore and the waste cathode carbon until the granularity is-0.074 mm and accounts for more than 80%, sieving the crushed materials by a 200-mesh sieve, and drying the sieved materials at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 16 hours to obtain low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder and waste cathode carbon powder;
(2) uniformly mixing 20g of low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder and 3.6g of waste cathode carbon powder, uniformly heating to 1300 ℃ under a protective atmosphere (nitrogen), and carrying out high-temperature reduction roasting for 60min to obtain roasted ore;
the ferronickel and ferronickel slag of the roasted ore are crushed to 150um, and then chemical and spectral analysis is carried out to obtain the components of nickel and iron, wherein the reduction rate of nickel in the laterite-nickel ore reaches 83 percent, and the reduction rate of iron reaches 80 percent.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments thereof, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. A method for reducing laterite-nickel ore by using waste cathode carbon is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) respectively crushing and grinding the low-grade laterite-nickel ore and the waste cathode carbon until the granularity is-0.074 mm and accounts for more than 80%, sieving and drying to obtain low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder and waste cathode carbon powder;
(2) and uniformly mixing the low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder and the waste cathode carbon powder, uniformly heating to 1150-1300 ℃ under a protective atmosphere, and carrying out high-temperature reduction roasting to obtain roasted ore.
2. The method for reducing laterite-nickel ore by using waste cathode carbon according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the low-grade laterite-nickel ore in the step (1) contains 0.8-3.5% of Ni, 7-25% of Fe, 15-42% of MgO and SiO in percentage by mass2 18~46%。
3. The method for reducing laterite-nickel ore by using waste cathode carbon according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mass ratio of the low-grade laterite-nickel ore powder to the waste cathode carbon powder in the step (2) is 1: 0.08-0.20.
4. The method for reducing laterite-nickel ore by using waste cathode carbon according to claim 3, characterized by comprising the following steps: the high-temperature reduction roasting time is 60-90 min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111358714.6A CN114015865B (en) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | Method for reducing laterite-nickel ore by using waste cathode carbon |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111358714.6A CN114015865B (en) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | Method for reducing laterite-nickel ore by using waste cathode carbon |
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| CN114015865A true CN114015865A (en) | 2022-02-08 |
| CN114015865B CN114015865B (en) | 2023-07-04 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN112877489A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | 广东工业大学 | Method for recycling red mud iron by using cathode carbon |
-
2021
- 2021-11-17 CN CN202111358714.6A patent/CN114015865B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103233114A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-08-07 | 江苏曦元金属材料有限公司 | Method for producing nickel/ferrum from nickel laterite ores |
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| CN110205430A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-06 | 广东工业大学 | A method of strengthening reduction roasting and recycles red mud iron component |
| CN111411217A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-14 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for preparing ferronickel product by reducing high-magnesium type laterite-nickel ore |
| CN112877489A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | 广东工业大学 | Method for recycling red mud iron by using cathode carbon |
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| CN114015865B (en) | 2023-07-04 |
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