CN114014887B - 一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- -1 fluoride ions Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
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- KIWUVOGUEXMXSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodanine Chemical compound O=C1CSC(=S)N1 KIWUVOGUEXMXSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
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- XLEAQSHCBXTWOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-10-propylphenothiazine-3-carbaldehyde Chemical compound CCCN1C(C=C(C(C=O)=C2)O)=C2SC2=CC=CC=C12 XLEAQSHCBXTWOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- ZGGJXOIAISDRBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-10-propylphenothiazine-3-carbaldehyde Chemical compound CCCN1C(C=C(C(C=O)=C2)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C2SC2=CC=CC=C12 ZGGJXOIAISDRBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- OPUCIDIKDALUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-10-propylphenothiazine-3-carbaldehyde Chemical compound CCCN1c2ccccc2Sc2cc(C=O)c(OC)cc12 OPUCIDIKDALUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- JNRQTOORTCCAIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-10-propylphenothiazine Chemical compound CCCN1c2ccccc2Sc2ccc(OC)cc12 JNRQTOORTCCAIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- DLYKFPHPBCTAKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC(OC)=CC=C3SC2=C1 DLYKFPHPBCTAKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物及其制备方法,结构式如下,其制备方法为:以2‑甲氧基‑10H‑吩噻嗪与碘丙烷发生取代反应生成2‑甲氧基‑10‑丙基‑10H‑吩噻嗪(化合物2),化合物2与DMF和三氯氧磷发生甲酰化反应生成2‑甲氧基‑10‑丙基‑10H‑吩噻嗪‑3‑甲醛(化合物3),化合物3水解生成2‑羟基‑10‑丙基‑10H‑吩噻嗪‑3‑甲醛(化合物4),化合物4与叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷发生取代反应得到2‑((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)‑10‑丙基‑10H‑吩噻嗪‑3‑甲醛(化合物5),化合物5与3‑乙基‑2‑硫代噻唑烷‑4‑酮反应生成目标化合物PHT。本发明具有高灵敏度、高选择性、响应迅速。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及检测技术领域,尤其涉及一种用于检测氟离子及活细胞成像的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物,及该用于检测氟离子及活细胞成像的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法。
背景技术
氟在材料、医药、化学工业等领域有着重要的用途,对牙齿、骨骼的健康具有重要意义。但人体积蓄过多的氟会导致氟中毒、泌尿系统结石、急性胃病、免疫系统代谢紊乱等疾病,甚至癌症的发生。如250 μM的氟离子就会导致骨骼损伤。全世界25个国家中约有2亿人受到过量氟离子的威胁。氟离子通常以氟化物的形式存在,无机氟化物通常易溶于水。因此,对环境以及生物体内氟离子进行实时、准确、高灵敏度、高选择性的体外和体内检测有助于保护环境以及诊断、预防相关疾病,具有重要意义。
现有的离子色谱、反相高效液相色谱、电感耦合等离子体质谱、原子吸收光谱、分子吸收光谱等检测方法虽然可以检测氟离子浓度,但这些方法需要精密的仪器,费用昂贵,程序和数据分析复杂,检测限无法达到微摩尔水平,且无法用于研究生物过程,不能满足需求。而荧光传感器则具有高灵敏度、高选择性、检测限在纳摩尔水平,可用于生物过程等优点,是科学研究和技术开发的热点。
目前,人们开发一些具有潜在应用价值的氟离子荧光探针。这些探针主要分为两种类型,一种类型主要通过非共价弱相互作用来实现对氟离子的检测,具有响应速度快的特点,但存在易受到其他阴离子干扰的不足;另一大类型通过探针分子与氟离子之间的特异性反应所导致的荧光信号的变化来实现对氟离子的检测,具有高度的选择性和抗干能力等优势,但也存在反应时间长、温度偏高等问题,限制着探针在生物和医学检验领域的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有高灵敏度、高选择性、响应迅速的用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法。
本发明的技术方案:一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物,名称为5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮,英文名为5-((2-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)-10-propyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)methylene)-3-ethyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one,结构式为:
。
一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)以2-甲氧基-10H-吩噻嗪(化合物1)与碘丙烷发生取代反应生成2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪(化合物2):
溶剂为二甲基亚砜(DMSO)或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),取代试剂为碘丙烷,碱为氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾;取代试剂与化合物1的投料摩尔比为2.5-5:1,碱与化合物1的投料摩尔比为1.5-5:1,在氩气保护下密闭反应,反应温度为60-70℃,反应时间:10-16 h;
(b)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪(化合物2)与DMF和三氯氧磷发生甲酰化反应生成2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(化合物3):
溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,反应试剂为三氯氧磷;反应试剂与化合物2的投料摩尔比为2-4:1,反应温度为55-65℃,反应时间:3-6h;
(c)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(化合物3)水解生成2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(化合物4):
溶剂为二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷,反应试剂为三氯化铝,反应试剂与化合物3的投料摩尔比为2-5:1,反应温度为室温,反应时间:10-16 h;
(d)2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(化合物4)与叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷发生取代反应得到2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(化合物5):
溶剂为二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷,反应试剂为叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷,催化剂为4-二甲基氨基吡啶,碱为三乙胺或N,N-二异丙基乙胺,反应试剂与化合物4的投料摩尔比为2-5:1,催化剂与化合物4的投料摩尔比为0.5-2.5:1,碱与化合物4的投料摩尔比为2-5:1,反应温度为0℃,反应时间为10-16h;
(e)2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(化合物5)与3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮反应生成目标化合物5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮(PHT):
溶剂为四氢呋喃,反应试剂为3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮,催化剂为四氢吡咯,反应试剂与化合物5的投料摩尔比为2-4:1,催化剂与化合物5的投料摩尔比为0.01-0.05 :1,反应温度为0℃,反应时间为14-20 h。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有明显的有益效果,从以上技术方案可知:本发明以具有高量子产率的吩噻嗪为荧光团,引入绕丹宁环构建了具有吩噻嗪与绕丹宁共轭骨架结构的新型荧光探针5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮(PHT),通过氟离子诱导Si-O断裂的特异性反应,致使分子的立体构型转变,产生荧光显著变化来实现对氟离子的检测。经实验证明:在四氢呋喃(THF)中,探针PHT对氟离子的识别产生显著的荧光信号的变化。无论在自然光还是紫外光下,PHT在THF中与F-反应前后都会出现明显的颜色变化,十分便于肉眼观察。荧光强度随溶液中F-浓度增加而增加,在一定范围内,两者具有良好的线性关系,且响应快速,可用于快速定量检测F-浓度。在活细胞环境中,探针PHT能识别细胞内F-,在绿光的照射下发出红色荧光,实现活细胞体内氟离子的检测和荧光成像。因此,PHT是一种具有高灵敏度、高选择性、响应迅速、可用于活细胞成像的氟离子荧光探针,在环境分析和生物样本检测中具有良好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1 为在THF中,PHT及PHT与氟离子共存的光谱图;
图2 为F- (0-75μM)滴定PHT (5 μM)的光谱图;
图3为 PHT (5 μM)对F- (50 μM)的响应时间(ex=383 nm, em=520 nm)图。
图4 为用PHT(1 μM)和氟离子(5 μM)处理的HepG2 细胞荧光图像
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪的制备
在100 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-甲氧基-10H-吩噻嗪(6.87 g,30 mmol)的DMSO(60mL)溶液,和NaOH固体(3.60 g,90 mmol),再搅拌加入碘丙烷(15.30 g,90 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持65 ℃密闭反应12 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,过滤,滤液用水(80 mL)稀释,二氯甲烷(50 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(50 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=8:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪黄色固体7.97 g,收率98%。
MP: 39.9-41.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.14 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 7.01(d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.92 – 6.83 (m, 2H), 6.50 – 6.43 (m, 2H), 3.79 – 3.76(m, 5H), 1.82 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 0.99 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR(100 MHz, DMSO) δ 148.0, 137.5, 136.1, 122.4, 122.3, 122.0, 119.9, 118.3,113.2, 111.9, 106.3, 102.9, 64.6, 58.9, 36.0, 29.2; ESI-HRMS C16H17NOS ([M+H]+):calcd 271.1103, found 272.1107.
(b)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL三口瓶中,加入无水DMF(6 mL),在氩气保护及冰浴条件下,搅拌加入POCl3(13.57 g,88.5 mmol),搅拌15 min后,加入2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪(8.00 g,29.5 mmol)的DMF(无水,30 mL)溶液,升温至60 ℃反应4 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,加入冰水(80 mL),搅拌2 h,二氯甲烷(50 mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(50 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=6:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体6.00 g,收率68%。
MP: 96.3-97.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.20 (s, 1H), 7.54 (s,1H), 7.17 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 6.95 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 – 6.85 (m,1H), 6.37 (s, 1H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.89 – 3.85 (m, 2H), 1.86 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2Hz, 2H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 186.6, 162.9,152.7, 143.0, 128.2, 127.7, 126.1, 124.1, 123.8, 119.3, 117.3, 114.9, 100.4,56.6, 49.2, 20.0, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C17H17NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 300.1052, found300.1061.
(c)2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL梨形烧瓶中,加入三氯化铝(8.00 g,60 mmol)的二氯甲烷(无水,59 mL)溶液,和2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(6.00 g,20 mmol)的二氯甲烷(无水,21mL)溶液,室温反应12 h。反应完毕,用2 mol/L盐酸调pH值至中性,减压浓缩,浓缩液用EA(30 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(30 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除溶剂,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=5:1),得2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体3.49g,收率61%。
MP: 42.8-44.5 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 11.37 (s, 1H), 9.60 (s,1H), 7.18 – 7.10 (m, 3H), 6.97 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (dd, J = 7.6,1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.36 (s, 1H), 3.84 – 3.80 (m, 2H), 1.84 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.6 Hz,2H), 1.01 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 189.7, 162.3, 152.2,142.7, 128.2, 127.7, 127.6, 123.9, 123.3, 117.5, 117.0, 113.4, 103.6, 49.4,19.7, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C16H15NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 286.0895, found 286.0876.
(d)2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在100 mL两口瓶中,将2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(0.86 g,3 mmol),4-二甲基氨基吡啶(0.37 g,3 mmol)和三乙胺(0.91 g,9 mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(6 mL),在氩气保护下,在0 ℃搅拌10 min,滴加叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷(1.36 g,9 mmol)的二氯甲烷(4 mL)溶液,保持0 ℃反应12 h。反应完毕,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液调pH值至中性,二氯甲烷(30 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(30 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=10:1-15:1),得2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体0.81 g,收率67%。
MP: 88.6-90.3 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.18 (s, 1H), 7.51 (s,1H), 7.16 – 7.09 (m, 2H), 6.94 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 1H), 6.24 (s, 1H), 3.80 – 3.76 (m, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.2 Hz, 2H),1.03 – 1.02 (m, 12H), 0.28 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 191.9, 164.5,154.4, 144.9, 130.4, 129.9, 129.8, 126.2, 125.5, 119.8, 119.3, 115.7, 105.8,51.6, 28.5, 21.9, 20.5, 13.6, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C22H29NO2SSi ([M+H]+): calcd400.1761, found 400.1774.
(e)5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮的制备
在50 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(1.20 g,3 mmol)的THF(无水,12 mL)溶液,3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮(1.45 g,9mmol)和四氢吡咯(2.1 mg,0.03 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持0 ℃反应16 h。反应完毕,减压蒸干THF,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=12:1),得5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮红色固体0.5 g,收率31%。
MP: 119.2-120.9 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.17 –7.11 (m, 2H), 7.07 (s, 1H), 6.95 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,1H), 6.32 (s, 1H), 4.19 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.77 (s, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J =14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.29 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.07 (s, 9H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2Hz, 3H), 0.26 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 195.4, 169.6, 161.4, 151.6,145.1, 130.4, 129.8, 129.6, 129.5, 126.0, 125.2, 119.7, 119.0, 117.1, 115.9,105.6, 51.5, 28.5, 21.8, 20.5, 14.6, 13.6, 2.8, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C27H34N2O2S3Si([M+H]+): calcd 543.1624, found 543.1615.
实施例2
一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪的制备
在100 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-甲氧基-10H-吩噻嗪(7.00 g,30.5 mmol)的DMSO(60mL)溶液,和KOH固体(3.42 g,61 mmol),再搅拌加入碘丙烷(15.56 g,91.5 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持60 ℃密闭反应10 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,过滤,滤液用水(80 mL)稀释,二氯甲烷(50 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(50 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=8:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪黄色固体7.46 g,收率90%。
MP: 39.9-41.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.14 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 7.01(d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.92 – 6.83 (m, 2H), 6.50 – 6.43 (m, 2H), 3.79 – 3.76(m, 5H), 1.82 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 0.99 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR(100 MHz, DMSO) δ 148.0, 137.5, 136.1, 122.4, 122.3, 122.0, 119.9, 118.3,113.2, 111.9, 106.3, 102.9, 64.6, 58.9, 36.0, 29.2; ESI-HRMS C16H17NOS ([M+H]+):calcd 271.1103, found 272.1107.
(b)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL三口瓶中,加入无水DMF(4 mL),在氩气保护及冰浴条件下,搅拌加入POCl3(9.88 g,64.5 mmol),搅拌15 min后,加入2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪(7.00 g,25.8 mmol)的DMF(无水,26 mL)溶液,升温至55 ℃反应3 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,加入冰水(70 mL),搅拌2 h,二氯甲烷(50 mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(50 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=6:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体4.48 g,收率58%。
MP: 96.3-97.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.20 (s, 1H), 7.54 (s,1H), 7.17 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 6.95 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 – 6.85 (m,1H), 6.37 (s, 1H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.89 – 3.85 (m, 2H), 1.86 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2Hz, 2H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 186.6, 162.9,152.7, 143.0, 128.2, 127.7, 126.1, 124.1, 123.8, 119.3, 117.3, 114.9, 100.4,56.6, 49.2, 20.0, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C17H17NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 300.1052, found300.1061.
(c)2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL梨形烧瓶中,加入三氯化铝(4.00 g,30 mmol)的二氯甲烷(无水,30 mL)溶液,和2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(4.50 g,15 mmol)的二氯甲烷(无水,16mL)溶液,室温反应10 h。反应完毕,用2 mol/L盐酸调pH值至中性,减压浓缩,浓缩液用EA(20 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(20 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除溶剂,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=5:1),得2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体2.14g,收率50%。
MP: 42.8-44.5 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 11.37 (s, 1H), 9.60 (s,1H), 7.18 – 7.10 (m, 3H), 6.97 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (dd, J = 7.6,1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.36 (s, 1H), 3.84 – 3.80 (m, 2H), 1.84 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.6 Hz,2H), 1.01 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 189.7, 162.3, 152.2,142.7, 128.2, 127.7, 127.6, 123.9, 123.3, 117.5, 117.0, 113.4, 103.6, 49.4,19.7, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C16H15NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 286.0895, found 286.0876.
(d)2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在100 mL两口瓶中,将2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(1.50 g,5.3 mmol),4-二甲基氨基吡啶(0.32 g,2.65 mmol)和三乙胺(1.61 g,15.9 mmol)溶于二氯乙烷(12mL),在氩气保护下,在0 ℃搅拌10 min,滴加叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷(2.40 g,15.9 mmol)的二氯乙烷(8 mL)溶液,保持0 ℃反应10 h。反应完毕,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液调pH值至中性,二氯甲烷(50 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(50 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除溶剂,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=10:1-15:1),得2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体1.09 g,收率52%。
MP: 88.6-90.3 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.18 (s, 1H), 7.51 (s,1H), 7.16 – 7.09 (m, 2H), 6.94 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 1H), 6.24 (s, 1H), 3.80 – 3.76 (m, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.2 Hz, 2H),1.03 – 1.02 (m, 12H), 0.28 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 191.9, 164.5,154.4, 144.9, 130.4, 129.9, 129.8, 126.2, 125.5, 119.8, 119.3, 115.7, 105.8,51.6, 28.5, 21.9, 20.5, 13.6, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C22H29NO2SSi ([M+H]+): calcd400.1761, found 400.1774.
(e)5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮的制备
在50 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(1.00 g,2.5 mmol)的THF(无水,10 mL)溶液,3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮(1.21 g,7.5 mmol)和四氢吡咯(3.6 mg,0.05 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持0 ℃反应14 h。反应完毕,减压蒸干THF,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=12:1),得5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮红色固体0.38 g,收率28%。
MP: 119.2-120.9 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.17 –7.11 (m, 2H), 7.07 (s, 1H), 6.95 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,1H), 6.32 (s, 1H), 4.19 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.77 (s, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J =14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.29 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.07 (s, 9H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2Hz, 3H), 0.26 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 195.4, 169.6, 161.4, 151.6,145.1, 130.4, 129.8, 129.6, 129.5, 126.0, 125.2, 119.7, 119.0, 117.1, 115.9,105.6, 51.5, 28.5, 21.8, 20.5, 14.6, 13.6, 2.8, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C27H34N2O2S3Si([M+H]+): calcd 543.1624, found 543.1615.
实施例3
一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪的制备
在100 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-甲氧基-10H-吩噻嗪(8.00 g,34.9 mmol)的DMSO(70mL)溶液,和NaOH固体(6.98 g,174.5 mmol),再搅拌加入碘丙烷(17.80 g,104.7 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持70 ℃密闭反应11 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,过滤,滤液用水(80 mL)稀释,二氯甲烷(50 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(50 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=8:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪黄色固体9.09 g,收率96%。
MP: 39.9-41.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.14 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 7.01(d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.92 – 6.83 (m, 2H), 6.50 – 6.43 (m, 2H), 3.79 – 3.76(m, 5H), 1.82 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 0.99 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR(100 MHz, DMSO) δ 148.0, 137.5, 136.1, 122.4, 122.3, 122.0, 119.9, 118.3,113.2, 111.9, 106.3, 102.9, 64.6, 58.9, 36.0, 29.2; ESI-HRMS C16H17NOS ([M+H]+):calcd 271.1103, found 272.1107.
(b)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL三口瓶中,加入无水DMF(12 mL),在氩气保护及冰浴条件下,搅拌加入POCl3(22.57 g,147.2 mmol),搅拌15 min后,加入2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪(10.00g,36.8 mmol)的DMF(无水,38 mL)溶液,升温至65 ℃反应4 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,加入冰水(100 mL),搅拌2 h,二氯甲烷(70 mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(70 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=6:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体7.83 g,收率71%。
MP: 96.3-97.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.20 (s, 1H), 7.54 (s,1H), 7.17 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 6.95 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 – 6.85 (m,1H), 6.37 (s, 1H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.89 – 3.85 (m, 2H), 1.86 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2Hz, 2H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 186.6, 162.9,152.7, 143.0, 128.2, 127.7, 126.1, 124.1, 123.8, 119.3, 117.3, 114.9, 100.4,56.6, 49.2, 20.0, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C17H17NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 300.1052, found300.1061.
(c)2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL梨形烧瓶中,加入三氯化铝(13.33 g,100 mmol)的二氯甲烷(无水,100mL)溶液,和2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(6.0 g,20 mmol)的二氯甲烷(无水,20mL)溶液,室温反应16 h。反应完毕,用2 mol/L盐酸调pH值至中性,减压浓缩,浓缩液用EA(50 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(50 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除溶剂,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=5:1),得2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体3.95g,收率69%。
MP: 42.8-44.5 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 11.37 (s, 1H), 9.60 (s,1H), 7.18 – 7.10 (m, 3H), 6.97 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (dd, J = 7.6,1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.36 (s, 1H), 3.84 – 3.80 (m, 2H), 1.84 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.6 Hz,2H), 1.01 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 189.7, 162.3, 152.2,142.7, 128.2, 127.7, 127.6, 123.9, 123.3, 117.5, 117.0, 113.4, 103.6, 49.4,19.7, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C16H15NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 286.0895, found 286.0876.
(d)2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在100 mL两口瓶中,将2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(3.00 g,10.5mmol),4-二甲基氨基吡啶(1.28 g,10.5 mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(2.72 g,21 mmol)溶于二氯乙烷(20 mL),在氩气保护下,在0 ℃搅拌10 min,滴加叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷(4.75g,31.5 mmol)的二氯乙烷(15 mL)溶液,保持0 ℃反应14 h。反应完毕,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液调pH值至中性,二氯甲烷(100 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(100 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除溶剂,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=10:1-15:1),得2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体2.56 g,收率61%。
MP: 88.6-90.3 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.18 (s, 1H), 7.51 (s,1H), 7.16 – 7.09 (m, 2H), 6.94 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 1H), 6.24 (s, 1H), 3.80 – 3.76 (m, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.2 Hz, 2H),1.03 – 1.02 (m, 12H), 0.28 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 191.9, 164.5,154.4, 144.9, 130.4, 129.9, 129.8, 126.2, 125.5, 119.8, 119.3, 115.7, 105.8,51.6, 28.5, 21.9, 20.5, 13.6, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C22H29NO2SSi ([M+H]+): calcd400.1761, found 400.1774.
(e)5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮的制备
在50 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(2.00 g,5 mmol)的THF(无水,20 mL)溶液,3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮(2.02 g,12.5 mmol)和四氢吡咯(3.6 mg,0.05 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持0 ℃反应20 h。反应完毕,减压蒸干THF,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=12:1),得5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮红色固体0.82 g,收率30%。
MP: 119.2-120.9 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.17 –7.11 (m, 2H), 7.07 (s, 1H), 6.95 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,1H), 6.32 (s, 1H), 4.19 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.77 (s, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J =14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.29 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.07 (s, 9H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2Hz, 3H), 0.26 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 195.4, 169.6, 161.4, 151.6,145.1, 130.4, 129.8, 129.6, 129.5, 126.0, 125.2, 119.7, 119.0, 117.1, 115.9,105.6, 51.5, 28.5, 21.8, 20.5, 14.6, 13.6, 2.8, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C27H34N2O2S3Si([M+H]+): calcd 543.1624, found 543.1615.
实施例4
一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪的制备
在250 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-甲氧基-10H-吩噻嗪(11.46 g,50 mmol)的DMSO(100mL)溶液,和NaOH固体(6.00 g,150 mmol),再搅拌加入碘丙烷(42.50 g,250 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持65 ℃密闭反应16 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,过滤,滤液用水(120 mL)稀释,二氯甲烷(80 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(80 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=8:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪黄色固体13.02 g,收率96%。
MP: 39.9-41.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.14 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 7.01(d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.92 – 6.83 (m, 2H), 6.50 – 6.43 (m, 2H), 3.79 – 3.76(m, 5H), 1.82 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 0.99 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR(100 MHz, DMSO) δ 148.0, 137.5, 136.1, 122.4, 122.3, 122.0, 119.9, 118.3,113.2, 111.9, 106.3, 102.9, 64.6, 58.9, 36.0, 29.2; ESI-HRMS C16H17NOS ([M+H]+):calcd 271.1103, found 272.1107.
(b)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL三口瓶中,加入无水DMF(7 mL),在氩气保护及冰浴条件下,搅拌加入POCl3(16.92 g,110.4 mmol),搅拌15 min后,加入2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪(10.00g,36.8 mmol)的DMF(无水,38 mL)溶液,升温至60 ℃反应6 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,加入冰水(100 mL),搅拌2 h,二氯甲烷(60 mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(60 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=6:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体7.72 g,收率70%。
MP: 96.3-97.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.20 (s, 1H), 7.54 (s,1H), 7.17 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 6.95 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 – 6.85 (m,1H), 6.37 (s, 1H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.89 – 3.85 (m, 2H), 1.86 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2Hz, 2H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 186.6, 162.9,152.7, 143.0, 128.2, 127.7, 126.1, 124.1, 123.8, 119.3, 117.3, 114.9, 100.4,56.6, 49.2, 20.0, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C17H17NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 300.1052, found300.1061.
(c)2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL梨形烧瓶中,加入三氯化铝(10.66 g,80 mmol)的二氯甲烷(无水,79mL)溶液,和2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(6.0 g,20 mmol)的二氯甲烷(无水,21mL)溶液,室温反应15 h。反应完毕,用2 mol/L盐酸调pH值至中性,减压浓缩,浓缩液用EA(40 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(40 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除溶剂,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=5:1),得2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体3.83g,收率67%。
MP: 42.8-44.5 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 11.37 (s, 1H), 9.60 (s,1H), 7.18 – 7.10 (m, 3H), 6.97 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (dd, J = 7.6,1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.36 (s, 1H), 3.84 – 3.80 (m, 2H), 1.84 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.6 Hz,2H), 1.01 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 189.7, 162.3, 152.2,142.7, 128.2, 127.7, 127.6, 123.9, 123.3, 117.5, 117.0, 113.4, 103.6, 49.4,19.7, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C16H15NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 286.0895, found 286.0876.
(d)2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在100 mL两口瓶中,将2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(2.00 g,7 mmol),4-二甲基氨基吡啶(2.14 g,17.5 mmol)和三乙胺(3.55 g,35 mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(22 mL),在氩气保护下,在0 ℃搅拌10 min,滴加叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷(3.17 g,21 mmol)的二氯甲烷(10 mL)溶液,保持0 ℃反应16 h。反应完毕,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液调pH值至中性,二氯甲烷(90 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(90 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=10:1-15:1),得2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体1.96 g,收率70%。
MP: 88.6-90.3 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.18 (s, 1H), 7.51 (s,1H), 7.16 – 7.09 (m, 2H), 6.94 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 1H), 6.24 (s, 1H), 3.80 – 3.76 (m, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.2 Hz, 2H),1.03 – 1.02 (m, 12H), 0.28 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 191.9, 164.5,154.4, 144.9, 130.4, 129.9, 129.8, 126.2, 125.5, 119.8, 119.3, 115.7, 105.8,51.6, 28.5, 21.9, 20.5, 13.6, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C22H29NO2SSi ([M+H]+): calcd400.1761, found 400.1774.
(e)5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮的制备
在50 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(1.20 g,3 mmol)的THF(无水,12 mL)溶液,3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮(1.69 g,10.5 mmol)和四氢吡咯(2.1 mg,0.03 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持0 ℃反应18 h。反应完毕,减压蒸干THF,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=12:1),得5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮红色固体0.55 g,收率34%。
MP: 119.2-120.9 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.17 –7.11 (m, 2H), 7.07 (s, 1H), 6.95 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,1H), 6.32 (s, 1H), 4.19 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.77 (s, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J =14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.29 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.07 (s, 9H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2Hz, 3H), 0.26 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 195.4, 169.6, 161.4, 151.6,145.1, 130.4, 129.8, 129.6, 129.5, 126.0, 125.2, 119.7, 119.0, 117.1, 115.9,105.6, 51.5, 28.5, 21.8, 20.5, 14.6, 13.6, 2.8, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C27H34N2O2S3Si([M+H]+): calcd 543.1624, found 543.1615.
实施例5
一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪的制备
在100 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-甲氧基-10H-吩噻嗪(6.87 g,30 mmol)的DMSO(60mL)溶液,和KOH固体(6.73 g,120 mmol),再搅拌加入碘丙烷(15.3 g,90 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持65 ℃密闭反应14 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,过滤,滤液用水(80 mL)稀释,二氯甲烷(50 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(50 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=8:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪黄色固体7.81 g,收率96%。
MP: 39.9-41.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.14 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 7.01(d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.92 – 6.83 (m, 2H), 6.50 – 6.43 (m, 2H), 3.79 – 3.76(m, 5H), 1.82 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 0.99 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR(100 MHz, DMSO) δ 148.0, 137.5, 136.1, 122.4, 122.3, 122.0, 119.9, 118.3,113.2, 111.9, 106.3, 102.9, 64.6, 58.9, 36.0, 29.2; ESI-HRMS C16H17NOS ([M+H]+):calcd 271.1103, found 272.1107.
(b)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL三口瓶中,加入无水DMF(4 mL),在氩气保护及冰浴条件下,搅拌加入POCl3(9.87 g,64.4 mmol),搅拌15 min后,加入2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪(5.0 g,18.4 mmol)的DMF(无水,19 mL)溶液,升温至60 ℃反应5 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,加入冰水(50 mL),搅拌2 h,二氯甲烷(30 mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(30 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=6:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体3.70 g,收率67%。
MP: 96.3-97.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.20 (s, 1H), 7.54 (s,1H), 7.17 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 6.95 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 – 6.85 (m,1H), 6.37 (s, 1H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.89 – 3.85 (m, 2H), 1.86 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2Hz, 2H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 186.6, 162.9,152.7, 143.0, 128.2, 127.7, 126.1, 124.1, 123.8, 119.3, 117.3, 114.9, 100.4,56.6, 49.2, 20.0, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C17H17NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 300.1052, found300.1061.
(c)2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL梨形烧瓶中,加入三氯化铝(8.00 g,60 mmol)的二氯乙烷(无水,60 mL)溶液,和2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(6.00 g,20 mmol)的二氯乙烷(无水,20mL)溶液,室温反应13 h。反应完毕,用2 mol/L盐酸调pH值至中性,减压浓缩,浓缩液用EA(30 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(30 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除溶剂,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=5:1),得2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体3.43g,收率60%。
MP: 42.8-44.5 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 11.37 (s, 1H), 9.60 (s,1H), 7.18 – 7.10 (m, 3H), 6.97 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (dd, J = 7.6,1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.36 (s, 1H), 3.84 – 3.80 (m, 2H), 1.84 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.6 Hz,2H), 1.01 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 189.7, 162.3, 152.2,142.7, 128.2, 127.7, 127.6, 123.9, 123.3, 117.5, 117.0, 113.4, 103.6, 49.4,19.7, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C16H15NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 286.0895, found 286.0876.
(d)2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在100 mL两口瓶中,将2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(2.00 g,7 mmol),4-二甲基氨基吡啶(0.86 g,7 mmol)和三乙胺(1.77 g,17.5 mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(12 mL),在氩气保护下,在0 ℃搅拌10 min,滴加叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷(2.11 g,14 mmol)的二氯甲烷(8 mL)溶液,保持0 ℃反应12 h。反应完毕,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液调pH值至中性,二氯甲烷(60 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(60 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=10:1-15:1),得2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体1.79 g,收率64%。
MP: 88.6-90.3 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.18 (s, 1H), 7.51 (s,1H), 7.16 – 7.09 (m, 2H), 6.94 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 1H), 6.24 (s, 1H), 3.80 – 3.76 (m, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.2 Hz, 2H),1.03 – 1.02 (m, 12H), 0.28 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 191.9, 164.5,154.4, 144.9, 130.4, 129.9, 129.8, 126.2, 125.5, 119.8, 119.3, 115.7, 105.8,51.6, 28.5, 21.9, 20.5, 13.6, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C22H29NO2SSi ([M+H]+): calcd400.1761, found 400.1774.
(e)5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮的制备
在50 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(1.50 g,3.8 mmol)的THF(无水,15 mL)溶液,3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮(2.45 g,15.2 mmol)和四氢吡咯(2.7 mg,0.04 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持0 ℃反应16 h。反应完毕,减压蒸干THF,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=12:1),得5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮红色固体0.82 g,收率40%。
MP: 119.2-120.9 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.17 –7.11 (m, 2H), 7.07 (s, 1H), 6.95 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,1H), 6.32 (s, 1H), 4.19 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.77 (s, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J =14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.29 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.07 (s, 9H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2Hz, 3H), 0.26 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 195.4, 169.6, 161.4, 151.6,145.1, 130.4, 129.8, 129.6, 129.5, 126.0, 125.2, 119.7, 119.0, 117.1, 115.9,105.6, 51.5, 28.5, 21.8, 20.5, 14.6, 13.6, 2.8, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C27H34N2O2S3Si([M+H]+): calcd 543.1624, found 543.1615.
实施例6
一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪的制备
在100 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-甲氧基-10H-吩噻嗪(6.87 g,30 mmol)的DMSO(60mL)溶液,和NaOH固体(3.60 g,90 mmol),再搅拌加入碘丙烷(12.75 g,75 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持65 ℃密闭反应12 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,过滤,滤液用水(80 mL)稀释,二氯甲烷(50 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(50 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=8:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪黄色固体7.64 g,收率94%。
MP: 39.9-41.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.14 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 7.01(d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.92 – 6.83 (m, 2H), 6.50 – 6.43 (m, 2H), 3.79 – 3.76(m, 5H), 1.82 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 0.99 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR(100 MHz, DMSO) δ 148.0, 137.5, 136.1, 122.4, 122.3, 122.0, 119.9, 118.3,113.2, 111.9, 106.3, 102.9, 64.6, 58.9, 36.0, 29.2; ESI-HRMS C16H17NOS ([M+H]+):calcd 271.1103, found 272.1107.
(b)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL三口瓶中,加入无水DMF(2 mL),在氩气保护及冰浴条件下,搅拌加入POCl3(5.65 g,36.8 mmol),搅拌15 min后,加入2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪(5.00 g,18.4 mmol)的DMF(无水,20 mL)溶液,升温至60 ℃反应4 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,加入冰水(50 mL),搅拌2 h,二氯甲烷(30 mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(30 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=6:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体3.20 g,收率58%。
MP: 96.3-97.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.20 (s, 1H), 7.54 (s,1H), 7.17 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 6.95 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 – 6.85 (m,1H), 6.37 (s, 1H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.89 – 3.85 (m, 2H), 1.86 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2Hz, 2H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 186.6, 162.9,152.7, 143.0, 128.2, 127.7, 126.1, 124.1, 123.8, 119.3, 117.3, 114.9, 100.4,56.6, 49.2, 20.0, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C17H17NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 300.1052, found300.1061.
(c)2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL梨形烧瓶中,加入三氯化铝(9.33 g,70 mmol)的二氯乙烷(无水,70 mL)溶液,和2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(6.00 g,20 mmol)的二氯乙烷(无水,20mL)溶液,室温反应12 h。反应完毕,用2 mol/L盐酸调pH值至中性,减压浓缩,浓缩液用EA(35 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(35 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除溶剂,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=5:1),得2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体3.60g,收率63%。
MP: 42.8-44.5 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 11.37 (s, 1H), 9.60 (s,1H), 7.18 – 7.10 (m, 3H), 6.97 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (dd, J = 7.6,1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.36 (s, 1H), 3.84 – 3.80 (m, 2H), 1.84 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.6 Hz,2H), 1.01 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 189.7, 162.3, 152.2,142.7, 128.2, 127.7, 127.6, 123.9, 123.3, 117.5, 117.0, 113.4, 103.6, 49.4,19.7, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C16H15NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 286.0895, found 286.0876.
(d)2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在100 mL两口瓶中,将2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(1.50 g,5.3 mmol),4-二甲基氨基吡啶(0.64 g,5.3 mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(2.05 g,15.9 mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(12 mL),在氩气保护下,在0 ℃搅拌10 min,滴加叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷(3.99 g,26.5mmol)的二氯甲烷(12 mL)溶液,保持0 ℃反应12 h。反应完毕,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液调pH值至中性,二氯甲烷(70 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(70 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=10:1-15:1),得2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体1.51 g,收率72%。
MP: 88.6-90.3 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.18 (s, 1H), 7.51 (s,1H), 7.16 – 7.09 (m, 2H), 6.94 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 1H), 6.24 (s, 1H), 3.80 – 3.76 (m, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.2 Hz, 2H),1.03 – 1.02 (m, 12H), 0.28 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 191.9, 164.5,154.4, 144.9, 130.4, 129.9, 129.8, 126.2, 125.5, 119.8, 119.3, 115.7, 105.8,51.6, 28.5, 21.9, 20.5, 13.6, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C22H29NO2SSi ([M+H]+): calcd400.1761, found 400.1774.
(e)5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮的制备
在50 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(1.20 g,3 mmol)的THF(无水,12 mL)溶液,3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮(0.97 g,6mmol)和四氢吡咯(6.4 mg,0.09 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持0 ℃反应16 h。反应完毕,减压蒸除THF,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=12:1),得5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮红色固体0.41 g,收率25%。
MP: 119.2-120.9 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.17 –7.11 (m, 2H), 7.07 (s, 1H), 6.95 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,1H), 6.32 (s, 1H), 4.19 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.77 (s, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J =14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.29 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.07 (s, 9H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2Hz, 3H), 0.26 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 195.4, 169.6, 161.4, 151.6,145.1, 130.4, 129.8, 129.6, 129.5, 126.0, 125.2, 119.7, 119.0, 117.1, 115.9,105.6, 51.5, 28.5, 21.8, 20.5, 14.6, 13.6, 2.8, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C27H34N2O2S3Si([M+H]+): calcd 543.1624, found 543.1615.
实施例7
一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪的制备
在100 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-甲氧基-10H-吩噻嗪(6.87 g,30 mmol)的DMF(60mL)溶液,和NaOH固体(2.40 g,60 mmol),再搅拌加入碘丙烷(15.3 g,90 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持65 ℃密闭反应14 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,过滤,滤液用水(80 mL)稀释,二氯甲烷(50 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(50 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=8:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪黄色固体7.16 g,收率88%。
MP: 39.9-41.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.14 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 7.01(d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.92 – 6.83 (m, 2H), 6.50 – 6.43 (m, 2H), 3.79 – 3.76(m, 5H), 1.82 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 0.99 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR(100 MHz, DMSO) δ 148.0, 137.5, 136.1, 122.4, 122.3, 122.0, 119.9, 118.3,113.2, 111.9, 106.3, 102.9, 64.6, 58.9, 36.0, 29.2; ESI-HRMS C16H17NOS ([M+H]+):calcd 271.1103, found 272.1107.
(b)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL三口瓶中,加入无水DMF(5 mL),在氩气保护及冰浴条件下,搅拌加入POCl3(11.28 g,73.6 mmol),搅拌15 min后,加入2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪(5.00 g,18.4 mmol)的DMF(无水,20 mL)溶液,升温至60 ℃反应4 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,加入冰水(50 mL),搅拌2 h,二氯甲烷(30 mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(30 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=6:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体3.64 g,收率66%。
MP: 96.3-97.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.20 (s, 1H), 7.54 (s,1H), 7.17 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 6.95 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 – 6.85 (m,1H), 6.37 (s, 1H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.89 – 3.85 (m, 2H), 1.86 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2Hz, 2H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 186.6, 162.9,152.7, 143.0, 128.2, 127.7, 126.1, 124.1, 123.8, 119.3, 117.3, 114.9, 100.4,56.6, 49.2, 20.0, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C17H17NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 300.1052, found300.1061.
(c)2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL梨形烧瓶中,加入三氯化铝(8.00 g,60 mmol)的二氯甲烷(无水,60 mL)溶液,和2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(6.00 g,20 mmol)的二氯甲烷(无水,20mL)溶液,室温反应12 h。反应完毕,用2 mol/L盐酸调pH值至中性,减压浓缩,浓缩液用EA(30 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(30 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除溶剂,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=5:1),得2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体3.49g,收率61%。
MP: 42.8-44.5 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 11.37 (s, 1H), 9.60 (s,1H), 7.18 – 7.10 (m, 3H), 6.97 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (dd, J = 7.6,1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.36 (s, 1H), 3.84 – 3.80 (m, 2H), 1.84 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.6 Hz,2H), 1.01 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 189.7, 162.3, 152.2,142.7, 128.2, 127.7, 127.6, 123.9, 123.3, 117.5, 117.0, 113.4, 103.6, 49.4,19.7, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C16H15NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 286.0895, found 286.0876.
(d)2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在100 mL两口瓶中,将2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(0.86 g,3 mmol),4-二甲基氨基吡啶(0.37 g,3 mmol)和三乙胺(1.07 g,10.5 mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(6 mL),在氩气保护下,在0 ℃搅拌10 min,滴加叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷(1.81 g,12 mmol)的二氯甲烷(5 mL)溶液,保持0 ℃反应13 h。反应完毕,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液调pH值至中性,二氯甲烷(30 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(30 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=10:1-15:1),得2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体0.83 g,收率69%。
MP: 88.6-90.3 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.18 (s, 1H), 7.51 (s,1H), 7.16 – 7.09 (m, 2H), 6.94 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 1H), 6.24 (s, 1H), 3.80 – 3.76 (m, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.2 Hz, 2H),1.03 – 1.02 (m, 12H), 0.28 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 191.9, 164.5,154.4, 144.9, 130.4, 129.9, 129.8, 126.2, 125.5, 119.8, 119.3, 115.7, 105.8,51.6, 28.5, 21.9, 20.5, 13.6, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C22H29NO2SSi ([M+H]+): calcd400.1761, found 400.1774.
(e)5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮的制备
在50 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(1.20 g,3 mmol)的THF(无水,12 mL)溶液,3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮(1.45 g,9mmol)和四氢吡咯(10.7 mg,0.15 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持0 ℃反应14 h。反应完毕,减压蒸干THF,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=12:1),得5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮红色固体0.57 g,收率35%。
MP: 119.2-120.9 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.17 –7.11 (m, 2H), 7.07 (s, 1H), 6.95 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,1H), 6.32 (s, 1H), 4.19 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.77 (s, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J =14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.29 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.07 (s, 9H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2Hz, 3H), 0.26 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 195.4, 169.6, 161.4, 151.6,145.1, 130.4, 129.8, 129.6, 129.5, 126.0, 125.2, 119.7, 119.0, 117.1, 115.9,105.6, 51.5, 28.5, 21.8, 20.5, 14.6, 13.6, 2.8, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C27H34N2O2S3Si([M+H]+): calcd 543.1624, found 543.1615.
实施例8
一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪的制备
在250 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-甲氧基-10H-吩噻嗪(11.46 g,50 mmol)的DMSO(100mL)溶液,和NaOH固体(3.00 g,75 mmol),再搅拌加入碘丙烷(25.5 g,150 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持65 ℃密闭反应12 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,过滤,滤液用水(120 mL)稀释,二氯甲烷(80 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(80 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=8:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪黄色固体12.21 g,收率90%。
MP: 39.9-41.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.14 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 7.01(d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.92 – 6.83 (m, 2H), 6.50 – 6.43 (m, 2H), 3.79 – 3.76(m, 5H), 1.82 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 0.99 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR(100 MHz, DMSO) δ 148.0, 137.5, 136.1, 122.4, 122.3, 122.0, 119.9, 118.3,113.2, 111.9, 106.3, 102.9, 64.6, 58.9, 36.0, 29.2; ESI-HRMS C16H17NOS ([M+H]+):calcd 271.1103, found 272.1107.
(b)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL三口瓶中,加入无水DMF(4 mL),在氩气保护及冰浴条件下,搅拌加入POCl3(9.04 g,59 mmol),搅拌15 min后,加入2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪(8.00 g,29.5 mmol)的DMF(无水,30 mL)溶液,升温至60 ℃反应4 h。反应完毕,冷却至室温,加入冰水(80 mL),搅拌2 h,二氯甲烷(50 mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(50 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=6:1),得2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体5.12 g,收率58%。
MP: 96.3-97.7 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.20 (s, 1H), 7.54 (s,1H), 7.17 – 7.10 (m, 2H), 6.95 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 – 6.85 (m,1H), 6.37 (s, 1H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.89 – 3.85 (m, 2H), 1.86 (dd, J = 14.4, 7.2Hz, 2H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 186.6, 162.9,152.7, 143.0, 128.2, 127.7, 126.1, 124.1, 123.8, 119.3, 117.3, 114.9, 100.4,56.6, 49.2, 20.0, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C17H17NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 300.1052, found300.1061.
(c)2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在250 mL梨形烧瓶中,加入三氯化铝(10.66 g,80 mmol)的二氯乙烷(无水,80mL)溶液,和2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(6.00 g,20 mmol)的二氯乙烷(无水,20 mL)溶液,室温反应12 h。反应完毕,用2 mol/L盐酸调pH值至中性,减压浓缩,浓缩液用EA(40 mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和食盐水(40 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除溶剂,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=5:1),得2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体3.72 g,收率65%。
MP: 42.8-44.5 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 11.37 (s, 1H), 9.60 (s,1H), 7.18 – 7.10 (m, 3H), 6.97 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (dd, J = 7.6,1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.36 (s, 1H), 3.84 – 3.80 (m, 2H), 1.84 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.6 Hz,2H), 1.01 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 189.7, 162.3, 152.2,142.7, 128.2, 127.7, 127.6, 123.9, 123.3, 117.5, 117.0, 113.4, 103.6, 49.4,19.7, 11.4; ESI-HRMS C16H15NO2S ([M+H]+): calcd 286.0895, found 286.0876.
(d)2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的制备
在100 mL两口瓶中,将2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(2.00 g,7 mmol),4-二甲基氨基吡啶(0.86 g,7 mmol)和三乙胺(2.13 g,21 mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(15 mL),在氩气保护下,在0 ℃搅拌10 min,滴加叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷(3.17 g,21 mmol)的二氯甲烷(10mL)溶液,保持0 ℃反应12 h。反应完毕,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液调pH值至中性,二氯甲烷(70mL×3)提取,合并有机相,饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(70 mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸除二氯甲烷,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=10:1-15:1),得2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛黄色固体2.02 g,收率72%。
MP: 88.6-90.3 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.18 (s, 1H), 7.51 (s,1H), 7.16 – 7.09 (m, 2H), 6.94 (td, J = 7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.4Hz, 1H), 6.24 (s, 1H), 3.80 – 3.76 (m, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J = 14.8, 7.2 Hz, 2H),1.03 – 1.02 (m, 12H), 0.28 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 191.9, 164.5,154.4, 144.9, 130.4, 129.9, 129.8, 126.2, 125.5, 119.8, 119.3, 115.7, 105.8,51.6, 28.5, 21.9, 20.5, 13.6, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C22H29NO2SSi ([M+H]+): calcd400.1761, found 400.1774.
(e)5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮的制备
在50 mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛(1.20 g,3 mmol)的THF(无水,12 mL)溶液,3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮(1.45 g,9mmol)和四氢吡咯(8.5 mg,0.12 mmol),在氩气保护下,保持0 ℃反应15 h。反应完毕,减压蒸干THF,过硅胶柱(流动相为PE:EA=12:1),得5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮红色固体0.62 g,收率38%。
MP: 119.2-120.9 °C; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.17 –7.11 (m, 2H), 7.07 (s, 1H), 6.95 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,1H), 6.32 (s, 1H), 4.19 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.77 (s, 2H), 1.85 (dd, J =14.4, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.29 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.07 (s, 9H), 1.03 (t, J = 7.2Hz, 3H), 0.26 (s, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO) δ 195.4, 169.6, 161.4, 151.6,145.1, 130.4, 129.8, 129.6, 129.5, 126.0, 125.2, 119.7, 119.0, 117.1, 115.9,105.6, 51.5, 28.5, 21.8, 20.5, 14.6, 13.6, 2.8, -0.5; ESI-HRMS C27H34N2O2S3Si([M+H]+): calcd 543.1624, found 543.1615.
实验例:对以上实施例1-8制得的5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮(PHT)进行氟离子荧光探针功能测试:
测试5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮(PHT)与F-反应前后,THF溶液荧光的变化情况,参见图1 在THF中,PHT与氟离子共存的光谱。图1b是PHT及PHT与氟离子共存时的激发光谱(Ex)和发射光谱(Em),[PHT]=5μM,[F-]=50μm,激发光谱为固定发射波长(em=520 nm)及发射光谱为固定激发波长(ex=383 nm)时测得的光谱。插图照片为365 nm紫外灯下拍摄的PHT或PHT与氟离子共存溶液。可以看到,激发波长为383 nm时,无氟离子的PHT溶液的发射荧光强度微弱,溶液呈现红色荧光,而含氟离子的PHT溶液的发射荧光强度显著增强,溶液呈强烈的绿色荧光。图1a是 PHT及PHT与氟离子共存的吸收光谱,[PHT]=50μM,[F-]=500μm,插图照片为自然光下拍摄的PHT及PHT与氟离子共存溶液。在自然光下,无氟离子的PHT溶液与含氟离子的PHT溶液也呈现出不同的颜色。实验结果表明,在THF中,探针PHT对氟离子的识别产生显著的荧光信号的变化。
通过荧光滴定实验测定了F-浓度对反应后溶液荧光强度的影响,参见图2 F- (0-75 μM)滴定PHT (5 μM)的光谱。溶剂为THF (发射波长ex=383 nm);图1a为 PHT(5μM)的氟离子(0-15 倍当量)荧光滴定光谱。由图可知,溶于THF的探针PHT(5 μM)在384 nm单色光激发下于520 nm处发射微弱荧光,随着F-加入,在520 nm处的荧光发射逐渐增强,F-浓度达到PHT浓度的15倍时,荧光强度增强了约12倍。将520nm处的荧光强度与浓度的关系进行拟合(见图1b),在氟离子浓度为0-50μM区间,两者具有良好的线性关系,能够对氟离子实现定量检测。
测定了PHT检测氟离子的响应时间,参见图3 PHT (5 μM)对F- (50 μM)的响应时间(ex=383 nm, em=520 nm)。从图看出,荧光强度在反应1分钟后即达到最高值。因此探针PHT可以快速检测样本中氟离子的浓度。
用Olympus IX71倒置荧光显微镜检测探针PHT对HepG2细胞的成像能力。参见图4用PHT(1 μM)和氟离子(5 μM)处理的HepG2 细胞荧光图像。Light、Green为倒置荧光显微镜的激发通道,其中,Light:自然光通道;Green:绿光通道。Merge为自然光和绿光通道所得图像的复合图像。在绿光激发条件下,添加探针PHT(1 μM)的HepG2细胞没有明显的荧光。然而,加入F-(5 μM)后,PHT识别到细胞内的氟离子发出红色荧光,在细胞仍旧存活状态下实现了细胞内氟离子的检测和荧光成像。该实验结果表明,探针PHT具有良好的细胞成像能力,能检测细胞内的氟离子。
综上所述,无论在自然光还是紫外光下,PHT在THF中与F-反应前后都会出现明显的颜色变化,十分便于肉眼观察。用384 nm激发波长激发产生的发射荧光强度随溶液中F-浓度增加而增加,且在一定范围内,荧光强度与氟离子浓度有良好的线性关系,且响应快速,可用于快速定量检测F-浓度。在活细胞环境中,探针PHT能识别细胞内F-,在绿光的照射下发出红色荧光,实现活细胞体内氟离子的检测和荧光成像。因此,PHT在环境分析和生物样本检测中具有良好的应用前景。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物,结构式为:
。
2.一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)以2-甲氧基-10H-吩噻嗪与碘丙烷发生取代反应生成2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪:
取代试剂与以2-甲氧基-10H-吩噻嗪的投料摩尔比为2.5-5:1,碱与2-甲氧基-10H-吩噻嗪的投料摩尔比为1.5-5:1,反应温度为60-70℃;
(b)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪与DMF和三氯氧磷发生甲酰化反应生成2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛:
反应试剂与2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪的投料摩尔比为2-4:1,反应温度为55-65℃;
(c)2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛水解生成2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛:
反应试剂与2-甲氧基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的投料摩尔比为2-5:1,反应温度为室温;
(d)2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛与叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷发生取代反应得到2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛:
反应试剂与2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的投料摩尔比为2-5:1,催化剂与2-羟基-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的投料摩尔比为0.5-2.5:1,碱与化合物4的投料摩尔比为2-5:1,反应温度为0℃;
(e)2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛与3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮反应生成目标化合物5-((2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-基)亚甲基)-3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮:
反应试剂与2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的投料摩尔比为2-4:1,催化剂与2-((叔丁基二甲基硅基)氧基)-10-丙基-10H-吩噻嗪-3-甲醛的投料摩尔比为0.01-0.05 :1,反应温度为0℃。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法,其中:步骤(a)中溶剂为二甲基亚砜(DMSO)或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),取代试剂为碘丙烷,碱为氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾。
4.如权利要求2所述的一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法,其中:步骤(b)中溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,反应试剂为三氯氧磷。
5.如权利要求2所述的一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法,其中:步骤(c)中溶剂为二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷,反应试剂为三氯化铝。
6.如权利要求2所述的一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法,其中:步骤(d)中溶剂为二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷,反应试剂为叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷,催化剂为4-二甲基氨基吡啶,碱为三乙胺或N,N-二异丙基乙胺。
7.如权利要求2所述的一种用于检测氟离子的绕丹宁荧光探针化合物的制备方法,其中:步骤(e)中溶剂为四氢呋喃,反应试剂为3-乙基-2-硫代噻唑烷-4-酮,催化剂为四氢吡咯。
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