CN114014583B

CN114014583B - Multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114014583B
Application number: CN202111375778.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王薪国
Original assignee: Guangxi Zhuyuan Building Materials Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Zhuyuan Building Materials Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-19
Filing date: 2021-11-19
Publication date: 2022-12-16
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-19
Also published as: CN114014583A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional concrete waterproof agent and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building materials. The multifunctional concrete waterproof agent comprises the components of polyether polyol, polyethylene glycol, acrylic acid, an acid and vitamin C mixture, sodium hydroxide, ferric chloride, an air entraining agent, sugar, aluminum chloride and water. The waterproof agent is a concrete liquid waterproof agent integrating multiple functions of water resistance, impermeability, crack resistance, high-efficiency water reduction, slow setting, plastic retention, micro expansion, frost resistance, durability, concrete workability improvement and the like. The waterproof agent can improve the structure of concrete, reduce the porosity of the concrete, improve the compactness of the concrete, reduce the shrinkage of the concrete, improve the anti-cracking, anti-permeability, durability, corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance and freeze-thaw resistance of concrete/mortar, improve the workability of concrete mixture, reduce bleeding, effectively reduce the loss of slump of the concrete, improve the fluidity of the concrete and obviously improve the overall performance of the concrete.

Description

Multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a multifunctional concrete waterproof agent and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Concrete is one of the most important civil engineering materials in the present generation, and is an artificial stone prepared from a cementing material, granular aggregate (also called aggregate), water, and optionally additives and admixtures according to a certain proportion, and through uniform stirring, dense forming, curing and hardening. With the acceleration of urbanization process, people have higher and higher requirements on safety and reliability of buildings, concrete is a main building material, the properties of strength, durability and the like of the concrete directly influence the quality of the buildings, and the quality of the buildings is closely related to the safety and satisfaction degree of residents. Concrete is a brittle material, the tensile strength is low, the ultimate tensile strain is small, when the internal stress generated by volume shrinkage caused by drying shrinkage, chemical shrinkage, carbonization shrinkage and the like in the process of setting and hardening exceeds the tensile strength of the concrete, the concrete is inevitably cracked, and the impermeability of the structure is damaged. Therefore, the impermeability and water resistance of the building engineering are important contents in the use function of the building.

The concrete admixture is a substance which is added before or during the mixing process of mixing the mixed concrete and is used for improving the performance of the concrete. The concrete admixture has more varieties and different functions. The additive of different varieties can achieve different effects, such as improving the freeze-thaw resistance of hardened concrete, improving the strength of the concrete, compensating the dry shrinkage of the concrete, reducing the shrinkage cracks of the concrete, improving the corrosion resistance of the concrete, improving the durability and the like. The admixture can effectively improve the performance of concrete and has good economic benefit, so that the admixture is more and more emphasized to be applied in engineering and becomes an indispensable material in the concrete. The waterproof agent is one of concrete additives, can reduce pores and block capillary channels, reduces the water absorption of concrete, can obviously improve the impermeability of the concrete, increases the waterproof and hydrophobic effects of the concrete, reduces water seepage and water absorption, improves the impermeability and waterproof function of the concrete, is favorable for improving the durability of the concrete, and is widely applied to internal or external sealing and waterproofing of waterproof projects such as water towers, pools, roofs, basements, tunnels, bridges and the like.

Although the types of the waterproof agents applied to the current building market are various, the waterproof agents mainly comprise: powder and liquid water-proofing agent. The powder waterproofing agent, the expanding agent and the like are doped into concrete to mainly play a role in cracking resistance and waterproofing, and if the concrete is constructed by pumping, other additives such as a pumping agent, a water reducing agent and the like must be compounded to meet the construction technical requirements. In addition, the problems that the powder waterproof agent needs to be fed by a specially-assigned person, has large dust, high labor intensity, is easy to cause engineering quality accidents due to inaccurate metering and the like are frequently caused when the powder waterproof agent is applied. The liquid water-proofing agent mainly contains fatty acid and inorganic aluminium salt water-proofing agent, etc. and its mixing quantity is about 2-3%. When being doped into concrete, the waterproof agent mainly plays a role in water resistance and permeability resistance, has no effects of pumping, expansion and the like, and is more convenient to apply than a powder waterproof agent. However, the existing liquid water repellent has a single function, and for example, pumping agents or water reducing agents and other additives need to be added in concrete pumping construction.

In the field of concrete waterproofing agents, researchers are also constantly conducting research to retrieve relevant documents such as: the Chinese patent with the application number of 201710396085.3 discloses a concrete waterproof agent, which consists of illite powder, fly ash, alum, hydrated lime and calcium superphosphate, is applied to concrete, and relative parameters of the concrete waterproof agent are improved by more than 15 percent in comparison with the prior art in terms of water resistance, so that the concrete waterproof agent is particularly suitable for projects and structures which are usually subjected to pressure water action, such as building top waterproof, building kitchen and bathroom waterproof, tunnels and the like, and does not need to adopt additional waterproof treatment. For another example, a Chinese patent with application number 201610381867.5 discloses a concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of fly ash; 25-35 parts of coal gangue; 20-30 parts of kaolin; 5-15 parts of sodium silicate; 6-10 parts of sodium sulfate; 8-10 parts of aluminum sulfate; 6-8 parts of calcium silicate; 4-6 parts of triethanolamine; 6-8 parts of dodecenyl succinic acid and sodium molybdate, and the weight part ratio of the dodecenyl succinic acid to the sodium molybdate is 5-7:1. The concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent provided by the invention can obviously improve the anti-permeability grade of concrete on the premise of ensuring that the strength grade of the concrete is not changed.

Although the types of the existing waterproofing agents in the building market are various, the existing waterproofing agents are complex in components and single in function, and the existing waterproofing agents are high in construction cost because swelling agents, fibers and the like are required to be added in use. With the rapid development of the concrete industry, the waterproof agent and the expanding agent with single impervious waterproof function can not meet the requirements of high-performance concrete. With the development of the building industry in China, high-rise buildings and underground civil air defense projects are increased year by year. Due to the large-scale and complicated engineering structure and the trend of concrete production and construction technology towards mechanization, modernization and commercialization, more technical requirements are put forward on the rigid waterproof material mixed in the concrete.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multifunctional liquid concrete waterproofing agent which integrates the functions of water resistance, impermeability, crack resistance, high-efficiency water reduction, slow setting, plastic retention, micro expansion, freezing resistance, durability, concrete workability improvement and the like and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects of the existing waterproofing agent. The waterproof agent can improve the structure of concrete, reduce the porosity of the concrete, improve the compactness of the concrete, reduce the shrinkage of the concrete, improve the anti-cracking, anti-permeability, durability, corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance and freeze-thaw resistance of concrete/mortar, improve the workability of concrete mixture, reduce bleeding, effectively reduce the loss of slump of the concrete, improve the fluidity of the concrete and obviously improve the overall performance of the concrete.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the multifunctional concrete waterproof agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:

4-5% of polyether polyol; 3% -5% of polyethylene glycol; 7 to 8 percent of acrylic acid; 4 to 8 percent of acid and vitamin C mixture; 2 to 3.6 percent of sodium hydroxide; 1.2 to 4 percent of ferric chloride; 0.4 to 0.6 percent of air entraining agent; 3 to 6 percent of sugar; 1.2 to 4 percent of aluminum chloride; the balance of water.

In the multifunctional concrete waterproof agent, the acid + vitamin C mixture is a mixture obtained by mixing phosphoric acid/oxalic acid/acetic acid and vitamin C according to the weight ratio of 1:1.

In the above multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent, the air entraining agent comprises one of alkyl sodium sulfonate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate or fatty alcohol sodium sulfate.

In the multifunctional concrete waterproof agent, the sugar is white sugar, brown granulated sugar or molasses.

The preparation method of the multifunctional concrete waterproof agent comprises the following steps:

(1) Taking the raw materials according to the weight percentage for later use, putting polyether polyol, polyethylene glycol and water into a reaction kettle according to the weight proportion of 1:1 of the polyether polyol and the polyethylene glycol, and mixing and stirring for 2-3 hours at 30-50 ℃; dissolving acrylic acid in water according to the weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain an acrylic acid solution, further dropwise adding the acrylic acid solution into a reaction kettle filled with polyether polyol and polyvinyl alcohol by adopting a dripping and leaking method, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, then further adding the acid and vitamin C mixture into the reaction kettle, mixing and stirring for 1.5-2 hours, adding sodium hydroxide, dissolving and mixing to obtain a semi-finished product;

(2) And sequentially adding ferric chloride, an air entraining agent, sugar, aluminum chloride and the balance of water into the semi-finished product, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a finished product of the multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent.

According to the invention, the polyether polyol, the polyethylene glycol and other raw materials are mixed together to prepare the waterproof agent, so that the concrete has high water reducing rate, the fluidity of a concrete mixture is effectively increased, the dispersion effect of cement particles is improved, the slump loss is controlled, the construction time of the concrete is prolonged, and the early and later strength of the concrete can be obviously improved.

Acrylic acid (C) for use in the present invention ₃ H ₄ O ₂ ) The acrylic acid is used in concrete, so that the workability of concrete mixtures is improved, bleeding is reduced, the appearance quality and durability of hardened concrete are improved, the loss of concrete slump can be effectively reduced, and the fluidity of concrete is improved. And the waterproof agent further prepared from acrylic acid mixed with polyether polyol and polyethylene glycol plays an extraordinary role in the waterproof effect, and is not comparable to the common waterproof agent.

The vitamin C used in the invention contains a large amount of strongly polar functional groups of carboxyl and hydroxyl, and the groups provide dispersing and flowing properties for cement particles through surface active effects such as adsorption, dispersion, wetting and the like, and increase the workability of fresh concrete by reducing the frictional resistance among the cement particles and reducing the free energy of the cement particles and a water interface, thereby playing a certain plastic-retaining effect. The vitamin C contains hydroxyl in the structure, has a water reducing effect, and can be compounded with acrylic acid for use, so that the water reducing rate can be improved, and the cost can be reduced.

The ferric chloride used in the invention has the functions of reinforcement and early strength, the ferric chloride can generate chemical reaction with calcium hydroxide precipitated during the hydration reaction of cement, the colloid such as ferric hydroxide and the like generated by the ferric chloride fills the pores in the concrete, the capillary channels of the concrete are blocked and cut off, the pore structure in the concrete is improved, the generated calcium chloride has the action of activating cement clinker minerals, and the soluble substances are converted into insoluble substances and the water precipitation is reduced, so that the effects of reinforcing and compacting the concrete are achieved, the impermeability is improved, the compressive strength of the concrete can be continuously improved, and the early impermeability is relatively high. The ferric chloride is used in the preparation of the concrete, so that the strength, compactness, corrosion resistance and waterproofness of the concrete can be enhanced, the impermeability grade of the concrete is improved, and the high-density and high-impermeability waterproof concrete is prepared.

The air entraining agent added in the invention can effectively improve the workability and pumpability of the concrete, and improve the freeze-thaw resistance, the water resistance, the impermeability and the durability of the concrete; can effectively prevent the secondary adsorption of cement in commercial concrete and reduce the concrete slump loss with time. The air entraining agent can reduce the bleeding property of a concrete mixture, and simultaneously, the existence of a large number of closed micro bubbles blocks or cuts off capillary water seepage channels in the concrete, so that the pore structure of the concrete is changed, and the impermeability of the concrete is improved.

Sugar is an organic matter, and the organic surfactant can be adsorbed on the surface of cement minerals, so that a layer of film is formed on the surface of cement particles, water molecules are prevented from diffusing into unhydrated cement particles, cement clinker particles are delayed, and the purpose of retarding setting is achieved. The raw material sugar used in the invention has the functions of retarding coagulation and reducing water for concrete.

The aluminum chloride used in the invention is doped into the cement mortar, and can form waterproof double salt in the setting and hardening process, thereby playing a role in filling and compacting, and further improving the anti-permeability effect of the mortar. During the hardening process of cement mortar, a plurality of capillary channels and pores are left due to water evaporation, water permeation is carried out through the capillary channels and the pores, aluminum chloride is added into the cement mortar and can react with calcium hydroxide precipitated during the hydration reaction of the cement to generate aluminum hydroxide with high activity, chloroaluminate hydrate is further generated, and the aluminum chloride hydrate and the added polyether polyol, polyethylene glycol and acrylic acid together increase the number of colloid, fill the capillary channels and the pores formed during the hardening process of the cement mortar, improve the waterproofness, generate certain expansion, compensate the shrinkage of the concrete, reduce cracking, strengthen the compactness of the concrete, resist pressure, permeability and freeze resistance, prevent water, improve the compactness of set cement and the impermeability of the concrete, and achieve the aim of preventing water and permeability.

The waterproof mechanism of the multifunctional concrete waterproof agent is as follows:

concrete is a non-homogeneous material, and belongs to a porous body in terms of microstructure, and the gaps are main causes of concrete seepage and water leakage. After the multifunctional concrete waterproof agent is doped into concrete, partial components in the multifunctional concrete waterproof agent chemically react with hydrates in the cement to generate a plurality of colloid and crystal substances, so that capillary channels and gaps in the concrete are blocked, the void ratio of the concrete is reduced, the compactness of the concrete is improved, and crystals with certain expansibility are generated, so that the multifunctional concrete waterproof agent not only has the effects of filling and blocking cold capillary gaps, but also generates certain expansibility, and the volume shrinkage of the concrete is reduced or eliminated.

After the multifunctional concrete waterproof agent is doped into concrete, the activity of the surface of cement particles can be enhanced, the uniformity of the concrete is better, a dense crystal network structure waterproof body is formed, the large-volume concrete is shrunk and integrated, and the crack resistance of the concrete is improved. The multifunctional concrete waterproof agent product of the invention enhances the surface activity of cement particles, reduces the water absorption capacity of concrete and greatly increases the workability of concrete, thereby reducing the water consumption by more than 20%, delaying the initial setting and final setting time of concrete and reducing the hydration heat of concrete.

The product of the invention has the technical properties that:

a, doping 2.2-2.5% of the weight of the concrete gel material; b, setting time: the initial setting is more than or equal to 3H, and the final setting is less than or equal to 10H;

c, compressive strength: not lower than the reference concrete; d, water reducing rate: not less than 20 percent;

E. limiting expansion rate: 7D in water is more than or equal to 0.020%, and 21D in air is more than or equal to-0.010%.

The using method comprises the following steps: the mixing amount is 2.2-2.5% of the cementing material (the recommended mixing amount of a post-pouring belt is 3.0%), the water reducing rate can reach 20-30%, and the mixing amount range can be properly exceeded for special materials such as cement, sand and stone. In order to meet engineering requirements and optimize the mixing amount, construction site materials are used for adaptation.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

compared with the existing waterproof agent product, the multifunctional concrete waterproof agent is prepared by compounding raw materials such as polyether polyol, polyethylene glycol, acrylic acid, vitamin C, ferric chloride, sugar and aluminum chloride and integrates multiple functions of water resistance, permeability resistance, crack resistance, high-efficiency water reduction, retardation, plastic retention, micro-expansion, freezing resistance, durability, concrete workability improvement and the like. The multifunctional concrete waterproof agent has strong binding force with concrete materials, can effectively prevent segregation phenomenon of cement concrete, can improve the structure of the concrete, reduce the porosity of the concrete, improve the compactness of the concrete, reduce the shrinkage of the concrete, improve the anti-cracking, anti-permeability, anti-scouring and anti-freezing performances of concrete/mortar, enhance the water resistance, durability and corrosion resistance of the concrete, improve the workability of concrete mixtures, reduce bleeding, effectively reduce the loss of concrete slump, improve the fluidity of the concrete and obviously improve the overall performance of the concrete.

The prepared non-toxic, non-corrosive, pollution-free and tasteless green environment-friendly liquid waterproof agent can meet the technical requirements of pumping construction of large-flow waterproof concrete, and the indexes of the product all meet the technical requirements of JC474-2008 'mortar and concrete waterproof agent'. The multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent is used for self-waterproofing of the structure, and the traditional external waterproofing of a building structure can be completely cancelled. Compared with the traditional waterproof material, the product has the advantages of convenient construction, low cost of waterproof engineering, no influence by weather and shortened working period.

The multifunctional concrete waterproof agent disclosed by the invention has a good self-waterproof effect when being used for building structures, can obviously improve the waterproof and anti-permeability grade of concrete, and is suitable for self-waterproofing of building structures such as underground engineering, floors, airport runways, highways of concrete pavements, bridges, tunnels, basements, wharfs, dams of hydroelectric power plants and the like of concrete structures, and can also be suitable for waterproofing of marine engineering building structures.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the water seepage situation inside a concrete test block of a basic C30 concrete test block set when the osmotic pressure is 0.7MPa and 1.1 MPa;

FIG. 2 shows the water seepage condition inside a concrete test block with the C30 concrete test block doped with the multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent of the invention when the osmotic pressure reaches 1.20MPa and the impermeability test is finished.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a water repellent product prepared by a method for preparing a multifunctional concrete water repellent according to example 3 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Example 1

4% of polyether polyol; 5% of polyethylene glycol; 7% of acrylic acid; 4% of acid + vitamin C mixture; 2.5 percent of sodium hydroxide; 1.2% of ferric chloride; air entraining agent-sodium alkyl sulfonate 0.4%; 4% of white sugar; 4% of aluminum chloride; 67.9 percent of water; the acid and vitamin C mixture is obtained by mixing phosphoric acid and vitamin C according to the weight ratio of 1:1.

(1) Taking the raw materials according to the weight percentage for later use; putting polyether polyol, polyethylene glycol and water into a reaction kettle according to the weight ratio of the polyether polyol to the polyethylene glycol to the water of 1:1, and mixing and stirring for 3 hours at 30 ℃; dissolving acrylic acid in water according to the weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain an acrylic acid solution, further dropwise adding the acrylic acid solution into a reaction kettle filled with polyether polyol and polyvinyl alcohol by adopting a dripping method, stirring and mixing for 1 hour, then further adding the acid + vitamin C mixture into the reaction kettle to mix for 2 hours, then adding sodium hydroxide, dissolving and mixing to obtain a semi-finished product;

(2) And sequentially adding ferric chloride, an air entraining agent, white sugar, aluminum chloride and the balance of water into the semi-finished product, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a finished product of the multifunctional concrete waterproof agent.

Example 2

4.5 percent of polyether glycol; 4% of polyethylene glycol; 7.5 percent of acrylic acid; 5% of acid + vitamin C mixture; 3% of sodium hydroxide; 2.5 percent of ferric chloride; 0.5 percent of air entraining agent-sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate; 4% of molasses; 3% of aluminum chloride; 66% of water; the acid and vitamin C mixture is obtained by mixing oxalic acid and vitamin C according to the weight ratio of 1:1.

(1) Taking the raw materials according to the weight percentage for later use, putting polyether polyol, polyethylene glycol and water into a reaction kettle according to the weight proportion of the polyether polyol and the polyethylene glycol, wherein the water is 1:1, and mixing and stirring the mixture for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃; dissolving acrylic acid in water according to the weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain an acrylic acid solution, further dropwise adding the acrylic acid solution into a reaction kettle filled with polyether polyol and polyvinyl alcohol by adopting a dripping and leaking method, stirring and mixing for 1.5 hours, then further adding the acid and vitamin C mixture into the reaction kettle to mix for 1.8 hours, then adding sodium hydroxide, dissolving and mixing to obtain a semi-finished product;

(2) And sequentially adding ferric chloride, an air entraining agent, molasses, aluminum chloride and the balance of water into the semi-finished product, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a finished product of the multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent.

Example 3

4% of polyether polyol; 4% of polyethylene glycol; acrylic acid 8 percent; 8% of acid + vitamin C mixture; 3.6 percent of sodium hydroxide; 4% of ferric chloride; air entraining agent-sodium fatty alcohol sulfate 0.6%; 6 percent of brown granulated sugar; 4% of aluminum chloride; 57.8 percent of water;

the acid and vitamin C mixture is obtained by mixing acetic acid and vitamin C according to the weight ratio of 1:1.

(1) Taking the raw materials according to the weight percentage for later use, putting polyether glycol, polyethylene glycol and water into a reaction kettle according to the weight proportion of the polyether glycol and the polyethylene glycol to the water of 1:1, and mixing and stirring for 2.5 hours at 50 ℃; dissolving acrylic acid in water according to the weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain an acrylic acid solution, further dropwise adding the acrylic acid solution into a reaction kettle filled with polyether polyol and polyvinyl alcohol by adopting a dripping and leaking method, stirring and mixing for 2 hours, then further adding the acid and vitamin C mixture into the reaction kettle to mix for 1.5 hours, then adding sodium hydroxide, dissolving and mixing to obtain a semi-finished product;

(2) And sequentially adding ferric chloride, an air entraining agent, brown granulated sugar, aluminum chloride and the balance of water into the semi-finished product, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a finished product of the multifunctional concrete waterproof agent.

Example 4

5% of polyether polyol; 5% of polyethylene glycol; acrylic acid 8 percent; 8% of acid + vitamin C mixture; 3.6 percent of sodium hydroxide; 4% of ferric chloride; air entraining agent-sodium fatty alcohol sulfate 0.6%; 6 percent of molasses; 4% of aluminum chloride; 55.8 percent of water; the acid and vitamin C mixture is obtained by mixing phosphoric acid and vitamin C according to the weight ratio of 1:1.

(1) Taking the raw materials according to the weight percentage for later use, putting polyether polyol, polyethylene glycol and water into a reaction kettle according to the weight proportion of 1:1 of the polyether polyol and the polyethylene glycol, and mixing and stirring for 2 hours at 45 ℃; dissolving acrylic acid in water according to the weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain an acrylic acid solution, further dropwise adding the acrylic acid solution into a reaction kettle filled with polyether polyol and polyvinyl alcohol by adopting a dripping method, stirring and mixing for 1.6 hours, then further adding the acid + vitamin C mixture into the reaction kettle to mix for 1.8 hours, adding sodium hydroxide, dissolving and mixing to obtain a semi-finished product;

Example 5

4.5 percent of polyether glycol; 4.5 percent of polyethylene glycol; 7.6 percent of acrylic acid; 7% of acid + vitamin C mixture; 3.2 percent of sodium hydroxide; 3.5 percent of ferric chloride; air entraining agent-sodium alkyl sulfonate 0.6%; 5.5 percent of white sugar; 3% of aluminum chloride; 60.6 percent of water;

the acid and vitamin C mixture is obtained by mixing oxalic acid and vitamin C according to the weight ratio of 1:1.

(1) Taking the raw materials according to the weight percentage for later use, putting polyether polyol, polyethylene glycol and water into a reaction kettle according to the weight proportion of the polyether polyol and the polyethylene glycol, wherein the water is 1:1, and mixing and stirring the mixture for 2 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃; dissolving acrylic acid in water according to the weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain an acrylic acid solution, further dropwise adding the acrylic acid solution into a reaction kettle filled with polyether polyol and polyvinyl alcohol by adopting a dripping method, stirring and mixing for 1.5 hours, then further adding the acid and vitamin C mixture into the reaction kettle to mix for 2 hours, then adding sodium hydroxide, dissolving and mixing to obtain a semi-finished product;

Example 6

5% of polyether polyol; 5% of polyethylene glycol; 7% of acrylic acid; 6.5 percent of acid + vitamin C mixture; 3% of sodium hydroxide; 2.6 percent of ferric chloride; air entraining agent-sodium fatty alcohol sulfate 0.5%; 4.5 percent of brown granulated sugar; 3.2 percent of aluminum chloride; 62.7 percent of water;

(1) Taking the raw materials according to the weight percentage for later use, putting polyether polyol, polyethylene glycol and water into a reaction kettle according to the weight proportion of the polyether polyol and the polyethylene glycol, wherein the water is 1:1, and mixing and stirring the mixture for 2.5 hours at the temperature of between 30 and 50 ℃; dissolving acrylic acid in water according to the weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain an acrylic acid solution, further dropwise adding the acrylic acid solution into a reaction kettle filled with polyether polyol and polyvinyl alcohol by adopting a dripping and leaking method, stirring and mixing for 1.5 hours, then further adding the acid and vitamin C mixture into the reaction kettle to mix for 1.5 hours, then adding sodium hydroxide, dissolving and mixing to obtain a semi-finished product;

(2) And sequentially adding ferric chloride, an air entraining agent, brown granulated sugar, aluminum chloride and the balance of water into the semi-finished product, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a finished product of the multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent.

Example 7

1. The multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent prepared in the embodiment 3 of the invention is entrusted to the quality detection center of construction engineering in the autonomous region of Guangxi Zhuang nationality for quality detection, and the obtained detection report is shown in the following table 1. Sample state: no abnormal condition exists; the inspection basis is as follows: JC474-2008 "mortar and concrete waterproofing agent".

And (4) checking and concluding: the batch of products are qualified according to the performance index requirements of qualified products of concrete waterproofing agents in JC474-2008 'mortar and concrete waterproofing agent' standard.

2. Research on concrete performance improvement effect of multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent prepared by the invention

Experiment on effect of multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent product prepared in embodiment 3 of the invention on concrete impermeability

(1) Experimental materials: the raw materials of cement (Tian Yang), mineral powder, ground stone powder, machine-made sand, etc. for experiments were prepared according to the materials and weight ratios listed in table 2.

(2) Preparing a test block: according to the raw material mixing proportion listed in table 2, a basic type C30 concrete test block and a C30 concrete test block doped with the multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent are prepared respectively. Pouring the raw materials into a concrete mixer according to a mixing ratio, uniformly stirring concrete, vibrating and forming, manufacturing a concrete anti-permeability standard test block, putting the test block into a test block mould, curing and waiting for solidification, respectively manufacturing 6-12 test blocks, demoulding 24 hours after the test blocks are formed, and conveying the test blocks into a standard curing room for curing for 28 days.

Note: the basic C30 concrete test block does not contain the multifunctional concrete waterproof agent, the additive is a commercially available polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and the synergist is a commercially available synergist (such as triethanolamine synergist); the additive used for the C30 concrete test block doped with the multifunctional concrete waterproof agent is the multifunctional concrete waterproof agent.

(3) The experimental steps are as follows: the prepared 2 groups of concrete test blocks of different types are respectively put into an impermeability instrument, the operation is carried out according to the operation flow of the impermeability instrument, and impermeability experiments are carried out according to the GBJ82-1985 chapter 5. When the osmotic pressure reaches 1.20MPa, the test piece is unloaded at a constant pressure of 8 h. After the model is broken, evenly taking 10 points from the bottom edge, measuring the water seepage height by using a straight steel ruler, and taking an average value to be accurate to mm. Groups were made for 7 days and 28 days, and 3 blocks were averaged.

(4) Other conditions are as follows: the laboratory temperature is 20 +/-5 ℃, and the humidity is not required; the curing temperature of the concrete test block is 20 +/-2 ℃, and the humidity is more than 95%. And intensity comparison, namely comparing the strength of the same batch of raw materials under the same curing condition of the same batch of people in the same environment.

(5) The experimental results are as follows:

and measuring the water seepage conditions of the concrete test blocks one by one. And taking the average value of the water seepage height of each group of test blocks as an experimental result, and accurately measuring the water seepage height to mm. In this experiment, the water permeation of the basic type C30 concrete test block and the C30 concrete test block doped with the multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 1 shows the water seepage situation inside the concrete test block of the basic C30 concrete test block group when the osmotic pressure is 0.7MPa and 1.1 MPa. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the test block of the basic type C30 concrete test block group has water seepage phenomenon when the osmotic pressure is 0.7MPa, and the test block after the breaking has water seepage completely (the water seepage height is shown as an arrow indication part) when the osmotic pressure is 1.1 MPa. FIG. 2 shows the water seepage situation of the C30 concrete test block doped with the multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent of the invention after the seepage pressure reaches 1.20MPa and the impermeability test is finished. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the concrete doped with the multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent C30 of the invention has good impermeability, the impermeability is 1.2MPa, after the test, no water seepage exists in 3 impermeable test blocks, and the water seepage height of the broken 3 test blocks does not reach half of the height of the test blocks (the water seepage height is shown in an arrow indication part). Experiments and comparison show that the multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent product prepared by the invention can effectively improve the impermeability of concrete, and the concrete doped with the multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent has obvious impermeability effect.

The concrete doped with the multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent is characterized in that:

1. the cohesiveness and the water retention are obviously superior to those of a basic type, and the resistance is small, so that the composite material is suitable for use in super high-rise buildings, long pipelines and complex pipelines.

2. The waterproof coating is used for building structures, has good self-waterproof effect and is suitable for basements, tunnels and bridges.

3. The impermeability is good, the impermeability of C30 finishes the test of 1.2Mpa, 3 impermeability test blocks have no water seepage, and the water seepage height of the broken 3 test blocks does not reach half of the height of the test blocks.

Claims

1. The multifunctional concrete waterproof agent is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight:

4-5% of polyether polyol; 3% -5% of polyethylene glycol; 7 to 8 percent of acrylic acid; 4 to 8 percent of acid and vitamin C mixture; 2 to 3.6 percent of sodium hydroxide; 1.2 to 4 percent of ferric chloride; 0.4 to 0.6 percent of air entraining agent; 3 to 6 percent of sugar; 1.2 to 4 percent of aluminum chloride; the balance of water;

the acid and vitamin C mixture is obtained by mixing phosphoric acid/oxalic acid/acetic acid and vitamin C according to the weight ratio of 1:1;

the air entraining agent comprises one of alkyl sodium sulfonate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate or fatty alcohol sodium sulfate;

the sugar is white sugar, brown granulated sugar or molasses;

(1) Taking the raw materials according to the weight percentage for later use, putting polyether glycol, polyethylene glycol and water into a reaction kettle according to the weight proportion of 1:1 of the polyether glycol, the polyethylene glycol and the water, and mixing and stirring for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 30-50 ℃; dissolving acrylic acid in water according to the weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain an acrylic acid solution, further dropwise adding the acrylic acid solution into a reaction kettle filled with polyether polyol and polyvinyl alcohol by adopting a dripping and leaking method, stirring and mixing for 1-2 hours, then further adding the acid and vitamin C mixture into the reaction kettle, mixing and stirring for 1.5-2 hours, adding sodium hydroxide, dissolving and mixing to obtain a semi-finished product;