CN114014119B - Safety anti-falling buffer device for building hoistway and implementation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a safety anti-falling buffer device for a building shaft and an implementation method thereof, belongs to the technical field of buffering in the shaft, and solves the problem that a car inclines and rotates to impact a side wall in the falling process of the car along the shaft. When falling object and car base drop downwards, contact fag end buffer gear earlier, its rotatory impact force promotes sliding block set one and sliding block set two and slides downwards along spiral slideway, eliminates rotatory impact force, and the inertia of the whole whereabouts of buffering falling object reduces falling object both sides interval difference, and the angle that drops is corrected to falling object.

Description

A kind of building shaft safety anti-falling buffer device and its implementation method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of buffering in a hoistway, in particular to a safety anti-falling buffer device for a building hoistway and an implementation method thereof.

Background technique

The elevator shaft is the space where the car and the counterweight or hydraulic cylinder plunger move. This space is bounded by the bottom of the hoistway pit, the hoistway wall and the hoistway top. The size of the hoistway determines the inner net size of the car according to the rated load quality and rated speed of the elevator, and further calculates the outline size of the car and the hoistway. size. The dimension of the hoistway refers to the internal width and depth, which are determined by the outer dimension of the car, the size of the counterweight, the gap between the car and the counterweight, and the gap between each and the hoistway wall. The building hoistway may derail and fall during the operation process. resulting in an accident.

Patent No. CN201820814393.3 discloses an elevator shaft anti-fall protection device, which belongs to the technical field of elevator safety protection equipment, including a car, a shaft, a load-bearing rope, a positioning rope and an anti-fall screen; the top of the car is to the top of the shaft . Load-bearing ropes are connected from the bottom of the car to the bottom of the hoistway, and the load-bearing ropes are respectively connected at the four corner positions of the bottom of the car and the top of the car; The plate has a square structure, and each corner of the anti-falling screen plate is provided with a positioning buckle, and the positioning rope is arranged vertically downward through the positioning buckle along the hoistway; each load-bearing rope is respectively connected with a reset rope, and one end of the reset rope is Connect the load-bearing rope and connect the other end to one point. The use of positioning buckles to fix the anti-fall mesh plate to achieve uninterrupted, no interval, no neutral protection for each floor of the hoistway, no need for any monitoring and linkage mechanism, and there is no loss of protection caused by any misoperation or refusal to act .

Patent No. CN202024534628.3 discloses an elevator shaft anti-fall protection device. The protection mechanism includes a baffle, a first active electromagnet, a second active electromagnet and a limit mechanism, and one side of the baffle is fixedly connected There is a first driven electromagnet, and the other side of the baffle is fixedly connected with a second driven electromagnet. The utility model relates to the technical field of elevator protection. The elevator shaft anti-fall protection device uses the repulsive effect between the second active electromagnet and the second driven electromagnet to push the baffle plate to the bottom of the car for support, and can protect people when the elevator falls. It uses the repulsive effect between the first active electromagnet and the first driven electromagnet to push the baffle plate to the original position, which is convenient for rescue of trapped persons, and solves the problem of the existing elevator shaft anti-fall emergency protection device. There is a hindrance effect, and there is a problem that there is no protective effect on the passenger who falls in the elevator, and on the maintenance personnel who perform maintenance work in the elevator shaft.

However, the above-mentioned patent does not solve the problem that the car touches the hoistway wall during the process of falling along the hoistway, thereby causing a secondary impact. For the car, it considers the overall fall, and the hazard caused by the falling of local parts after the car hits. It is not considered, nor does it consider the case of the car falling non-vertically. It only considers and solves the problem of the overall vertical fall of the car during the process of falling along the hoistway, resulting in the safety of the hoistway. Anti-fall buffer problem still has major defects.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device and its implementation method. When the falling object falls down from the car base, it first contacts the roping buffer mechanism, and the impact force of its rotation pushes the slider assembly one and the other. The slider assembly 2 slides down along the spiral slide, and the side of the falling object hits the anti-skid block first, buffering the inertia of the falling object as a whole, reducing the distance difference between the two sides of the falling object, and correcting the falling angle of the falling object; the diameter is gradually set The lowered multi-layer ring body is used to buffer the falling speed of the falling object, and at the same time, it can guide the falling object to fall, assist the falling object to maintain a horizontal state, and keep it away from the side wall of the hoistway to prevent destructive impact. Solve the problems raised in the above background art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a safety anti-falling buffer device for a building shaft, comprising a car base, a rope sleeve buffer mechanism, a spiral slideway and an anti-falling ferrule mechanism. A spiral slideway is provided, and a rope sleeve buffer mechanism is slidably connected in the spiral slideway, and an anti-fall collar mechanism fixed on the inner wall is arranged at the lower end port of the spiral slideway.

Further, the rope sleeve buffer mechanism includes a rope drum 1, a rope drum 2, a rope, a slider assembly 1, a slider assembly 2, an anti-fall ring, an anti-slip block and a second anti-slip block. Removably fixed rope drum 1 and rope drum 2, the rope drum 1 and rope drum 2 are distributed on both sides of the inner wall of the car base, and a sliding block assembly 1 and a sliding block assembly 2 are arranged between the two. A raised anti-slip block 1 is provided on the side wall of the block assembly 1 and the slider assembly 2 facing the shaft axis, and an anti-falling ring is arranged between the two adjacent anti-slip blocks 1, and the inner wall of the anti-falling ring is arranged There are two inwardly protruding anti-skid blocks. The first rope drum and the second rope drum are both wound and connected with ropes. The rope on the first rope drum is connected to the second rope drum after the first slider assembly. The upper rope is connected to the rope drum 1 after passing through the slider assembly 2.

Further, the first slider assembly and the second slider assembly have the same structure, and both have a limit block, a U-shaped plate, a side ear, a locking bolt and a central axis, and the upper end of the limit block is fastened with a U-shaped plate. , the U-shaped plate and the limit block are fixedly connected by locking bolts, side ears are welded on both sides of the upper end of the U-shaped plate, and a central axis is rotatably connected between the two side ears through bearings, and the rope Wrap around the center shaft.

Further, the structures of the first rope drum and the second rope drum are the same. The first rope drum is composed of a cylindrical body and a tension spring. A pulling spring is sleeved in the middle, one end of the pulling spring is fixedly connected to the cylinder body, and the other end is fixedly connected with a rope.

Further, the limit block is composed of two blocks separated from each other, and the two blocks are connected to each other by a compression spring, one of the blocks is connected to the U-shaped plate, and the other block extends into the spiral slideway, and Slide along the spiral slide.

Further, the anti-falling ferrule mechanism includes a top ring body, a bottom ring body, a middle ring body, a protective net and a support assembly, and a protective net is provided in the middle of the bottom ring body, and the top ring is provided with a protective net. A number of annularly distributed support assemblies are arranged between the body and the bottom ring body, the middle of the support assemblies is fixedly connected with a middle ring body, the diameter of the top ring body is larger than the diameter of the middle ring body, and the middle The diameter of the ring body is larger than the diameter of the bottom ring body.

Further, the support assembly includes an upper spring, a column and a lower spring, the upper end of the upper spring is fixedly connected with a top ring body, the lower end of the upper spring is fixedly connected with a column, and the upper end of the lower spring is fixedly connected with a column, A bottom ring body is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower spring.

Further, the inner edge of the middle ring body extends downward, and the extending portion is a trumpet-shaped structure with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end, and the inner wall surface of the trumpet-shaped structure is a frosted surface.

Further, a sub-layer ring body is arranged between the top ring body and the bottom ring body, and a sub-layer ring body is arranged between the sub-layer ring body and the top ring body, and between the sub-layer ring body and the bottom ring body. The support assembly is provided, and the diameter of the sub-layer ring body is smaller than that of the top ring body and larger than the diameter of the bottom ring body.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for implementing a safety anti-falling buffer device for a building shaft, comprising the following steps:

S101: A spiral slideway is set up on the inner wall of the car base, a slidable rope sleeve buffer mechanism is installed in the spiral slideway, and an anti-falling ferrule mechanism composed of multi-layer rings is connected to the lower end of the spiral slideway;

S102: When the falling object falls from the car base, it first contacts the roping buffer mechanism, and the roping buffer mechanism eliminates the impact force of its rotation and corrects the falling angle;

S103: The falling object falls down through the rope cover buffer mechanism and then contacts the anti-fall ferrule mechanism, and is buffered layer by layer by the layer-by-layer ring body to reduce its falling speed until it stays on the bottom net of the anti-fall ferrule mechanism.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. A construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device and its implementation method proposed by the present invention, when the falling object falls down from the car base, it first contacts the roping buffer mechanism, and the impact force of its rotation pushes the slider assembly one and the other. The slider assembly 2 slides down along the spiral slide, and the side of the falling object hits the anti-skid block first, buffering the inertia of the falling object as a whole, reducing the distance between the two sides of the falling object, and correcting the falling angle of the falling object;

2. A construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device and its implementation method proposed by the present invention are provided with a multi-layer ring body with a gradually decreasing diameter, and the multi-layer ring body buffers the falling speed of the falling object, and at the same time, it can also prevent the falling object from falling. Guide, assist the falling object to maintain a horizontal state, and keep it away from the side wall of the hoistway to prevent destructive impact.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device in the first embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a structural diagram of a rope sleeve buffer mechanism of the construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

3 is a structural diagram of a slider assembly of the construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

4 is a structural diagram of a rope drum of the construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of the anti-fall collar mechanism of the construction shaft safety anti-fall buffer device in the first embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a structural diagram of a support assembly of the construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

7 is a structural diagram of a slider assembly of the construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the structure diagram of the middle ring body of the construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device in the third embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the structure diagram of the anti-falling ferrule of the construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a flow chart of the implementation of the construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Car base; 2. Rope buffer mechanism; 21. Rope cylinder one; 211, cylinder body; 212, tension spring; 22, Rope cylinder two; 241, limit block; 242, U-shaped plate; 243, side lug; 244, compression spring; 245, locking bolt; 246, central axis; 25, slider assembly two; 26, anti-fall ring; ; 28, anti-skid block 2; 3, spiral slide; 4, anti-fall ring mechanism; 41, top ring body; 42, bottom ring body; 43, middle ring body; 44, protective net; 45, support Component; 451, upper spring; 452, column; 453, lower spring; 46, sub-layer coil body.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to Figures 1 to 2, a construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device includes a car base 1, a rope sleeve buffer mechanism 2, a spiral slideway 3 and an anti-falling ring mechanism 4. The inner wall of the car base 1 is provided with Spiral slideway 3, the rope sleeve buffer mechanism 2 is slidably connected in the spiral slideway 3, and the lower end port of the spiral slideway 3 is provided with an anti-fall collar mechanism 4 fixed on the inner wall, wherein the car base 1 itself can be It is cylindrical or rectangular, which can be adjusted according to the shape of the car, the hoistway and construction requirements. When the car is a rectangular tube, the spiral slideway 3 is an oblique direction opened on the inner wall of the car base 1. The slideway, which can drive the slider to move down along the inclined slideway, can also eliminate the rotational force and relieve the impact force from the vertical direction. The car base 1 can be installed at the bottom of the hoistway, or at the level of each floor. After the car runs to the level of the floor, the buffer device can buffer the running of the car, making its deceleration process more stable, but when the building shaft safety anti-fall buffer device is installed at the level of each floor At this time, the protective net 44 cannot be installed on the bottom ring body 42. The protective net 44 is used to prevent objects of small structures or elevator passengers from falling and hitting the bottom of the hoistway. If it is used at the level of each floor, it will cause The car cannot pass normally in the hoistway. Therefore, if the device is installed at the level of each floor, the protective net 44 needs to be removed in advance.

The rope sleeve buffer mechanism 2 includes a rope drum 1 21 , a rope drum 2 22 , a rope 23 , a sliding block assembly 1 24 , a sliding block assembly 2 25 , an anti-fall ring 26 , an anti-skid block 1 27 and a non-skid block 2 28 , the car base 1 A rope drum 1 21 and a rope drum 2 22 are detachably fixed on the inner wall of the car base. The rope drum 1 21 and the rope drum 2 22 are distributed on both sides of the inner wall of the car base 1, and a slider assembly 1 24 is arranged between the two. and the slider assembly 2 25, the slider assembly 1 24 and the slider assembly 2 25 are provided with a raised anti-slip block 1 27 on the side wall facing the shaft axis, and an anti-slip block is provided between the adjacent two anti-slip blocks 1 27. Falling ring 26, the inner wall of the anti-falling ring 26 is provided with an inwardly protruding anti-skid block 28, rope 23 is wound and connected on rope cylinder 1 21 and rope cylinder 2 22, and rope 23 on rope cylinder 1 21 is slid. The first block assembly 24 is connected to the second rope drum 22, and the rope 23 on the second rope drum 22 is connected to the rope drum one 21 after passing through the second sliding block assembly 25. The surfaces of the first sliding block assembly 24 and the second sliding block assembly 25 are frosted surfaces. Improve the friction between the object and the surface, its side shape is tapered, and its tip is arc-shaped to reduce the damage caused by falling impact. When the falling object falls from the car base 1, it first contacts the rope sleeve buffer mechanism 2. The impact force of its rotation pushes the first slider assembly 24 and the second slider assembly 25 to slide down the spiral slideway 3, and the side of the falling object hits the anti-skid block first, buffering the inertia of the falling object as a whole and reducing the falling object The distance between the two sides is poor, and the falling angle of the falling object is corrected.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the first slider assembly 24 and the second slider assembly 25 have the same structure, and both have a limit block 241 , a U-shaped plate 242 , a side ear 243 , a locking bolt 245 and a central shaft 246 , and the rear end of the limit block 241 An upwardly extending protrusion is provided, the protrusion extends into the spiral slideway 3 and slides along the spiral slideway 3, the upper end of the limit block 241 is buckled with a U-shaped plate 242, the U-shaped plate 242 and the limit block 241 They are fixedly connected by locking bolts 245. Side ears 243 are welded on both sides of the upper end of the U-shaped plate 242. A central shaft 246 is rotatably connected between the two side lugs 243 through bearings. The rope 23 is wound on the central shaft 246. When the cover of the falling object hits the anti-skid block, the impact force between the side that first touches the anti-skid block and the frosted surface is large, and the friction force is large. The first impact side buffers the inertia of the falling object as a whole, and the other side The impact force with the frosted surface is reduced, and the frictional force is reduced, thereby realizing the correction of the falling angle of the falling object. In this embodiment, the buffer structure has a better buffering effect on the falling object falling horizontally.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the structures of the first rope drum 21 and the second rope drum 22 are the same. The first rope drum 21 is composed of a cylindrical body 211 and a tension spring 212. A pulling spring 212 is sleeved in the middle. One end of the pulling spring 212 is fixedly connected to the cylinder 211 , and the other end is fixedly connected to the rope 23 .

Referring to FIG. 5, the anti-fall ferrule mechanism 4 includes a top ring body 41, a bottom ring body 42, a middle ring body 43, a protective net 44 and a support assembly 45, and a protective net 44 is provided in the middle of the bottom ring body 42, Between the top ring body 41 and the bottom ring body 42 are arranged a number of annularly distributed support assemblies 45, the middle of the several support assemblies 45 is fixedly connected with a middle ring body 43, and the diameter of the top ring body 41 is larger than that of the middle ring. The diameter of the body 43, the diameter of the middle ring body 43 is larger than the diameter of the bottom ring body 42, when the falling object falls, it will first fall to the top ring body 41, and then fall to the middle ring body 43 and the bottom ring body 43 in turn. On the body 42, a multi-layer ring body with a gradually decreasing diameter is arranged, and the multi-layer ring body buffers the falling speed of the falling object, at the same time, it can also guide the falling object to fall, assist the falling object to maintain a horizontal state, and keep it away from the side wall of the hoistway , to prevent destructive impact.

6, the support assembly 45 includes an upper spring 451, a column 452 and a lower spring 453. The upper end of the upper spring 451 is fixedly connected to the top ring body 41, the lower end of the upper spring 451 is fixedly connected to the column 452, and the upper end of the lower spring 453 is fixed The upright post 452 is connected, the lower end of the lower spring 453 is fixedly connected with the bottom ring body 42, and the upper spring 451 and the lower spring 453 are used to compress downward in the vertical direction to buffer the impact force.

Embodiment 2

The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is only that the structure of the limit block 241 in this embodiment is different. The limit block 241 in this embodiment is additionally provided with a compression spring 244. Compressing and moving along the radial direction, buffering its lateral impact and avoiding damage to the limit block 241;

Referring to FIG. 7 , the limiting block 241 is composed of two blocks separated from each other, and the two blocks are connected to each other by a compression spring 244 , one block is connected to the U-shaped plate 242 , and the other block extends to the spiral slideway 3, and slide along the spiral slide 3.

Embodiment 3

The only difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the shape of the middle ring body 43 in this embodiment is different. The horn-shaped design increases the contact area between the drop and the middle ring body 43, and guides the drop of the drop. , so that the principle of the inner wall of the hoistway can prevent the inner wall of the hoistway from being damaged by impact;

Referring to FIG. 8 , the inner edge of the middle ring body 43 extends downward, and the extended part is a horn-shaped structure with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end. The inner wall surface of the horn-shaped structure is a frosted surface, and the edge of the falling object will be along the horn-shaped inner wall. The frosted surface moves, and the frictional force of the frosted surface is large, which can buffer the downward impact force of the falling object and reduce its falling speed.

Embodiment 4

The only difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that in this embodiment, a sub-layer ring body 46 is added to buffer the vertical distance between adjacent ring bodies and improve the stability of the buffer during the falling process of the falling object;

Referring to FIG. 9, a sub-layer ring body 46 is arranged between the top ring body 41 and the bottom ring body 42, between the sub-layer ring body 46 and the top ring body 41, and between the sub-layer ring body 46 and the bottom ring body 42 A support assembly 45 is arranged between the two rings, and the diameter of the sub-layer ring body 46 is smaller than that of the top ring body 41 and larger than the diameter of the bottom ring body 42. Specifically, the diameter between the sub-layer ring body 46 and the top ring body 41 The diameter of the middle ring body 43 is larger than the diameter of the sub-layer ring body 46, the diameter of the middle ring body 43 between the sub-layer ring body 46 and the bottom ring body 42 is smaller than the diameter of the sub-layer ring body 46, and the falling object falls. At this time, it will first fall to the top ring body 41, and then fall to the middle ring body 43, the sub-layer ring body 46, the sub-layer ring body 46 and the bottom ring body between the sub-layer ring body 46 and the top ring body 41 in turn. 42 between the middle ring body 43 and the bottom ring body 42.

Referring to FIG. 10 , in order to better demonstrate the implementation process of the construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device, the present embodiment now proposes an implementation method of the construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device, including the following steps:

S101: A spiral slideway 3 is provided on the inner wall of the car base 1, a slidable rope sleeve buffer mechanism 2 is installed in the spiral slideway 3, and an anti-fall ferrule composed of multi-layer rings is connected to the lower end of the spiral slideway 3 Mechanism 4, the shape of the multi-layer ring body is consistent with the shape of the car and the shape of the hoistway. When the shape of the car and the shape of the hoistway are both circular, the multi-layer ring body is a circular ring body. The shape of the hoistway and the shape of the hoistway are both rectangular, so the multi-layer ring body is a rectangular ring body;

S102: When the falling object falls down from the car base 1, it first contacts the roping buffer mechanism 2, and the roping buffer mechanism 2 eliminates the impact force of its rotation and corrects the falling angle;

S103: The falling object falls down through the rope cover buffer mechanism 2 and then contacts the anti-fall collar mechanism 4, and is buffered layer by layer by the layer-by-layer ring body to reduce its falling speed until it stays on the bottom layer of the anti-fall collar mechanism 4 's online.

To sum up: the present invention proposes a construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device and its implementation method. When the falling object falls down from the car base 1, it first contacts the rope sleeve buffer mechanism 2, and the impact force of its rotation pushes The first slider assembly 24 and the second slider assembly 25 slide down along the spiral slideway 3, and one side of the falling object hits the anti-skid block first, buffering the inertia of the falling object as a whole, reducing the distance between the two sides of the falling object, and preventing the falling object from falling. Drop angle correction; set a multi-layer ring body with a gradually decreasing diameter, the multi-layer ring body buffers the falling speed of the falling object, at the same time, it can guide the falling object to fall, assist the falling object to maintain a horizontal state, and keep it away from the hoistway side wall to prevent destructive impact.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept thereof shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device, characterized in that it comprises a car base (1), a rope sleeve buffer mechanism (2), a spiral slideway (3) and an anti-falling collar mechanism (4), the The inner wall of the car base (1) is provided with a spiral slideway (3), a rope sleeve buffer mechanism (2) is slidably connected in the spiral slideway (3), and a lower end port of the spiral slideway (3) is provided There is an anti-fall collar mechanism (4) fixed on the inner wall; the rope cover buffer mechanism (2) includes a rope cylinder one (21), a rope cylinder two (22), a rope (23), a slider assembly one (24) ), the second slider assembly (25), the anti-falling ring (26), the first anti-skid block (27) and the second anti-skid block (28), a rope drum 1 is detachably fixed on the inner wall of the car base (1). (21) and the second rope drum (22), the first rope drum (21) and the second rope drum (22) are distributed on both sides of the inner wall of the car base (1), and a slider assembly is arranged between the two. (24) and the second slider assembly (25), the first slider assembly (24) and the second slider assembly (25) are provided with a convex anti-skid block one (27) on the side wall facing the shaft axis, adjacent to the hoistway axis. An anti-falling ring (26) is arranged between the two anti-slip blocks (27), the inner wall of the anti-falling ring (26) is provided with an inwardly protruding anti-slip block two (28), and the rope drum one (28) 21) and the second rope drum (22) are both wound with a rope (23), and the rope (23) on the first rope drum (21) is connected to the second rope drum (22) after passing through the first slider assembly (24). The rope (23) on the second rope drum (22) is connected to the first rope drum (21) after passing through the second slider assembly (25); the anti-fall collar mechanism (4) includes a top ring body (41), A bottom ring body (42), a middle ring body (43), a protective net (44) and a support assembly (45), a protective net (44) is provided in the middle of the bottom ring body (42), and the top A plurality of annularly distributed support assemblies (45) are arranged between the ring body (41) and the bottom ring body (42), and a middle ring body (43) is fixedly connected to the middle of the plurality of support assemblies (45). The diameter of the top ring body (41) is larger than the diameter of the middle ring body (43), and the diameter of the middle ring body (43) is larger than the diameter of the bottom ring body (42). 2. A construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first slider assembly (24) and the second slider assembly (25) have the same structure, and both have a limit block ( 241), U-shaped plate (242), side ears (243), locking bolts (245) and central shaft (246), the upper end of the limit block (241) is fastened with the U-shaped plate (242), the The U-shaped plate (242) and the limit block (241) are fixedly connected by locking bolts (245). Side ears (243) are welded on both sides of the upper end of the U-shaped plate (242). The two side ears ( A central shaft (246) is rotatably connected between 243) through a bearing, and the rope (23) is wound on the central shaft (246). 3. A construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device according to claim 2, characterized in that the first rope drum (21) and the second rope drum (22) have the same structure, and the first rope drum (21) It consists of a cylindrical body (211) and a tension spring (212). The diameter of both ends of the cylindrical body (211) is larger than the diameter of its middle, and a tension spring (212) is sleeved in the middle of the cylindrical body (211). ), one end of the pulling spring (212) is fixedly connected to the cylinder (211), and the other end is fixedly connected with a rope (23). 4 . The safety anti-falling buffer device for a building shaft according to claim 3 , wherein the limiting block ( 241 ) is composed of two blocks separated from each other, and a compression spring is passed between the two blocks. 5 . (244) are connected to each other, one of the blocks is connected to the U-shaped plate (242), and the other block extends into the spiral slideway (3) and slides along the spiral slideway (3). The safety anti-falling buffer device for a building shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that the support assembly (45) comprises an upper spring (451), a column (452) and a lower spring (453), the A top ring body (41) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upper spring (451), a column (452) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper spring (451), and a column (452) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower spring (453). A bottom ring body (42) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower spring (453). 6 . The safety anti-falling buffer device for a building shaft according to claim 5 , wherein the inner edge of the middle ring body ( 43 ) extends downward, and the extension part is in the shape of a trumpet with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end. 7 . structure, the inner wall surface of the trumpet-shaped structure is a frosted surface. 7. A construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device according to claim 6, characterized in that a sub-layer ring body (46) is arranged between the top ring body (41) and the bottom ring body (42) , between the sub-layer ring body (46) and the top ring body (41), and between the sub-layer ring body (46) and the bottom ring body (42) are provided with support components (45), and the sub-layer The diameter of the ring body (46) is smaller than the diameter of the top ring body (41) and larger than the diameter of the bottom ring body (42). 8. An implementation method of the construction shaft safety anti-falling buffer device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: S101: A spiral slideway (3) is provided on the inner wall of the car base (1), a slidable rope buffer mechanism (2) is installed in the spiral slideway (3), and is connected to the lower end of the spiral slideway (3). An anti-falling ferrule mechanism (4) composed of a multi-layered ring body; S102: When the falling object falls down from the car base (1), it first contacts the roping buffer mechanism (2), and the roping buffer mechanism (2) eliminates the impact force of its rotation and corrects the falling angle; S103: The falling object falls down through the rope cover buffer mechanism (2) and then contacts the anti-fall collar mechanism (4), which is buffered layer by layer by the layer-by-layer ring to reduce its falling speed until it stops at the anti-fall cover Circle Institution (4) Bottom of the Internet.

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